CN110908890A - Automatic test method and device for interface - Google Patents
Automatic test method and device for interface Download PDFInfo
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- CN110908890A CN110908890A CN201811086391.8A CN201811086391A CN110908890A CN 110908890 A CN110908890 A CN 110908890A CN 201811086391 A CN201811086391 A CN 201811086391A CN 110908890 A CN110908890 A CN 110908890A
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic test method of an interface, which comprises the following steps: acquiring all interface configuration files of a tested system, and carrying out syntax compliance check; acquiring the compliant interface configuration file and interface description information in the compliant interface configuration file; generating an interface document; sending an interface service request to a tested system according to an interface identifier, an interface parameter and an interface operation type in the interface description information; the tested system responds after receiving the interface service request and returns an interface response result; analyzing the response result data of the tested system interface, and verifying the data validity of the data analysis result; judging whether the interface response result data conforms to the type of the returned response result data in the interface description information, and marking the non-conforming data items; and generating an interface test report. In addition, an automatic testing device of the interface is also provided. The efficient butt joint of the joint debugging of the interfaces is realized, the time is saved, and the interface documents are automatically generated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication interface testing, in particular to a testing method and a testing device for automatically providing an interface document.
Background
In addition, the existing automatic generation tools of some interface documents require developers to add a large amount of annotation documents into annotations of codes and then extract the annotations, so that the workload of the developers in the interface development process is increased, and meanwhile, a large amount of redundant interface annotation codes are mixed into the codes to influence the readability of the codes.
On the other hand, in the software development process, developers need to write not only interface codes but also perfect interface documents, in the original interface development management, a large amount of interface file editing work is needed, the developers need to write the interface documents according to the specifications for each interface, and a lot of precious development time of the developers is spent. The manual interface document compiling method has the great disadvantage that once the back-end interface is modified and the related interface definition document is forgotten to be modified, the front-end developer can be misled to be incapable of realizing the correct interface. Especially in the project with quick iteration and frequent modification, the modified code needs to be synchronously modified, and the inconsistency of front-end and back-end implementation can be caused when the modification is wrong or omitted anywhere, which can cause the problem of interface docking failure and needs to modify the front-end or back-end code again.
Thirdly, in the software development process, a developer needs to spend much time on debugging the interface, and due to the fact that the number of the interfaces is large, the number of the related parameters is large, and errors are prone to occurring.
In summary, the problem of fast, batch and automatic testing of interfaces is to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a general automatic interface testing method and apparatus, which can solve the problems of time and labor consuming and low working efficiency in writing and interface testing of interface documents. The software system and the equipment of each manufacturer are in joint debugging efficiently, the time of software developers is saved, and the interface document is generated automatically.
The interface of the invention is a software API interface or an interface which meets the technical requirements of REST, REST is a framework for organizing Web service, a client/server model is used, and the client and the server communicate with each other through a uniform interface.
In order to solve the problems, the invention envisages that the requirements of the unified interface specification are formulated based on the unified interface service data format, the specified interface service is taken as the reference standard, the interface document is generated by conversion, the interface of the tested system is responded by the request service, the response result is compared with whether the response result meets the reference standard, the interface data condition of the tested system can be obtained, and the test report is provided.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic test method for an interface, where the method includes:
s1) acquiring all interface configuration files of the tested system, carrying out grammar compliance check on the files, and storing the compliant interface configuration files after checking compliance, wherein the interface configuration files are used for describing interface description information of the test system, are manufactured according to interface configuration file specifications and comprise interface identification, interface operation types, interface parameters and types of returned response result data, and the interface identification has uniqueness; the interface operation type is the operation type of the interface;
s2) acquiring the compliant interface configuration file, analyzing the interface configuration file, and acquiring each item of specific content in the interface description information; generating an interface document according to the interface description information;
s3) according to the interface identification, interface parameter and interface operation type in the interface description information, sending an interface service request to the tested system;
s4) the tested system responds after receiving the interface service request, and returns an interface response result;
s5) analyzing the response result data of the tested system interface, and verifying the data validity of the data analysis result;
s6) determining S5) whether the interface response result data conforms to the type of the returned response result data in the interface description information obtained in S2), marking the data items which do not conform to; and generating an interface test report.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and then further includes S7) displaying, according to a user requirement, compliant interface description information, a tested system interface response result, and an interface test report in a graph manner.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the process of acquiring the interface configuration file in S1) includes two manners, namely, automatically or manually; in an automatic mode, interface description information is extracted from the existing interface response processing codes of the actual system which is tested correctly, and an interface configuration file is automatically generated; and writing the interface configuration file in a manual mode according to the data format requirement specified by the interface configuration file.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the interface configuration file conforms to a YAML file format.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the interface response result data conforms to a JSON file format.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an interface simulation apparatus for automatically providing an interface service, where the apparatus includes:
the configuration analysis module is used for acquiring the compliant interface configuration file, analyzing the interface configuration file and acquiring each item of specific content in the interface description information; generating an interface document according to the interface description information;
the test module is used for sending an interface service request to a tested system according to the interface identifier, the interface parameter and the interface operation type in the interface description information analyzed by the configuration analysis module; receiving an interface response result;
the response analysis module is used for analyzing the response result of the tested system interface obtained by the test module and verifying the data validity of the data analysis result;
the comparison judging module judges whether the response result data verified by the response analysis module is in accordance with the type of the returned response result data in the interface description information obtained by the configuration analysis module, and marks the data items which are not in accordance; and generating an interface test report.
With reference to the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, and further includes a presentation module, configured to display, in a graphical manner, compliant interface description information, a tested system interface response result, and an interface test report according to a user requirement.
With reference to the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, where the configuration obtaining module extracts interface description information from an existing interface response processing code of an actual system that has been tested correctly, and automatically generates an interface configuration file; or writing the interface configuration file according to the data format requirement of the interface configuration file specification.
In combination with the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a third possible implementation manner of the second aspect, wherein the interface configuration file conforms to a YAML file format.
With reference to the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fourth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, where the interface response result data conforms to a JSON file format.
Therefore, the method has the advantages that interface description and code separation are realized without adding a large number of annotations in the codes, and interface document information can be generated by converting the interface configuration file; therefore, the maintenance is more convenient, the capability of automatically testing the interface is realized, and the interface condition is automatically displayed; the cost spent on compiling the interface document and testing the interface can be saved, the development cost is reduced, and the time of developers is saved.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an automatic testing method for an interface according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a sample generated interface test report in step S6 of the method for automatically testing an interface according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram illustrating an automatic test apparatus for an interface according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an automatic testing method for an interface according to a first embodiment of the present invention, the method includes the following steps:
step S1, acquiring all interface configuration files of the tested system, checking grammar compliance of the files, and storing the interface configuration files in compliance after checking compliance, wherein the interface configuration files are used for describing interface description information of the test system, are manufactured according to interface configuration file specifications and comprise interface identification, interface operation types, interface parameters and types of returned response result data, and the interface identification has uniqueness; the interface operation type is the operation type of the interface.
This step can collect various required common interface data, and uniformly express the interface data and the return data condition responding to the interface request by using the interface configuration file. The file specification is to express a data structure, and the data is easy to read, analyze, interact and transmit. The file format may be customized, or may be a file format commonly used in the industry, such as XML (extensible Markup language), YAML (YAML An' ta Markup langauge), json (javascript Object Notification), or the like.
The interface operation types can be inquiry operation, creation operation, deletion operation, modification operation and the like.
Step S2, obtaining the compliant interface configuration file, analyzing the interface configuration file, and obtaining each item of concrete content in the interface description information; and generating an interface document according to the interface description information.
After the interface data collection is completed in step S1, the interface data is ready for step S2. Step S2 specifically implements parsing of the interface configuration file, extracts each item of specific content of the interface description information from the interface configuration file, and automatically generates an interface document. The time for the developer to write the interface document can be saved.
The interface description file can be in XML format, YAML file format, etc.
Preferably, the interface configuration file may also be: the interface identification, the interface name, the interface operation type, the interface processing function name, the interface parameter and the type of the returned response result data, wherein the interface identification has uniqueness, and the interface data return file comprises: the error status code returned by the interface and the contents of the returned data.
Step S3, according to the interface identification, interface parameter and interface operation type in the interface description information, sending interface service request to the tested system.
Here, a batch of interface service requests may be sent to complete a batch of interface tests.
And step S4, the tested system responds after receiving the interface service request, and returns an interface response result.
And step S5, analyzing the response result data of the tested system interface, and verifying the data validity of the data analysis result.
And checking whether the interface response result data is reasonable or not.
Step S6, judging whether the interface response result data of step S5 accords with the type of the returned response result data in the interface description information obtained in step S2, and marking the data items which do not accord with the returned response result data; and generating an interface test report.
As shown in fig. 2, is a sample generated interface test report. The test report gives the test condition of each interface of the tested system, the data of the statics table above presents the condition of the response time and other related performance indexes of each interface, the error table below mainly presents the condition whether the interface meets the interface specification, and the error table in the test report is empty and represents whether no interface does not meet the interface specification.
Through the steps of the method, the aim of rapidly testing the interface can be achieved.
Further, according to the first embodiment, after the interface test report is generated, the compliant interface description information, the interface response result of the system under test, and the interface test report may be displayed in a graph manner according to the user requirement.
The interface description information obtained in step S2, the response result data obtained in step S4, and the interface test report obtained in step S6 are graphically displayed.
Further, based on the above embodiment, the process of acquiring the interface configuration file in step S1 includes two modes, namely, automatically or manually; in an automatic mode, interface description information is extracted from the existing interface response processing codes of the actual system which is tested correctly, and an interface configuration file is automatically generated; and writing the interface configuration file in a manual mode according to the data format requirement specified by the interface configuration file.
Preferably, based on the above embodiment, the interface profile specification complies with the YAML file format.
The YAML file format is an intuitive data serialization format that can be recognized by a computer, and is a programming language that has high readability and is easily readable by humans, and is easily interactive with scripting languages for expressing data sequences. It is a data description language similar to subset XML of standard universal markup language, and its syntax is much simpler than XML, so it has become the mainstream data description mode at present.
For example, the compliant interface configuration file obtained in step S2 is given by way of example as follows, and the interface configuration file definition of Jobs is queried, as described in YAML file format, as shown in table one below:
table one: interface configuration file
In the above example, an interface for querying the Jobs is defined, which includes interface identifier Jobs, interface operation type get, and interface description information such as 2 types of interface request parameters and response data, JobStatus, error codes, and the like.
Preferably, based on the above embodiment, the interface response result data conforms to the JSON file format.
The JSON file format is a lightweight data exchange format, adopts a text format completely independent of languages, and is an ideal data exchange language. The method is easy to read and write by human, and is easy to analyze and generate by a machine.
For example, in step S4, an interface response result is returned, such as the following JSON file format description, as shown in table two:
table two: interface response result data
Then, in the determination process in step S6, it is determined whether the interface response result data JobStatus matches the type JobStatus of the returned response result data in the interface description information obtained in step S2, and if yes, the error table of the JobStatus in the generated interface test report is empty.
It should be noted that, based on all the above embodiments, the automatic mode is established on the basis of the existing code segment of the external device interface, and writes a program for directly analyzing the code segment, automatically extracts the interface identifier, the interface operation type, the interface parameter, the name of the returned data file, the type of the returned data, and other information in the interface description information, and automatically generates the interface configuration file.
The manual mode can be completed by a text editor of other software, and can also be completed by a text editing module in the system.
Example two
Corresponding to the method in the first embodiment, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an automatic test apparatus for an interface, which is used to execute the method in the first embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram illustrating an automatic test apparatus for an interface according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the automatic test apparatus for an interface in the present embodiment includes five modules:
the configuration acquisition module M100 is used for acquiring all interface configuration files YAML of a tested system, checking syntax compliance of the files, and storing the interface configuration files YAML which are in compliance after checking the compliance, wherein the interface configuration files are used for describing interface description information of the test system and are manufactured according to interface configuration file specifications, the interface description information comprises interface identification, interface operation types, interface parameters and types of returned response result data, and the interface identification has uniqueness; the interface operation type is the operation type of the interface.
The interface operation types can be inquiry operation, creation operation, deletion operation, modification operation and the like.
A configuration analysis module M200, configured to obtain the compliant interface configuration file YAML, analyze the interface configuration file, and obtain each specific content in the interface description information therein; and generating an interface document A according to the interface description information.
The testing module M300 is configured to send an interface service request to the tested system according to the interface identifier, the interface parameter, and the interface operation type in the interface description information analyzed by the configuration analyzing module M200; and receiving an interface response result JSON.
The response analysis module M400 analyzes the data of the response result of the tested system interface obtained by the test module M300, and verifies the data validity of the data analysis result.
The comparison judgment module M500 judges whether the response result data verified to be legitimate by the response parsing module M400 conforms to the type of the returned response result data in the interface description information obtained by the configuration parsing module M200, and marks a non-conforming data item; and generating an interface test report B.
Further, based on the second embodiment, the test system further comprises a presentation module for displaying the compliant interface description information, the interface response result of the tested system and the interface test report in a graph mode according to the user requirement.
The interface description information obtained by the configuration analysis module M200, the response result data obtained by the response analysis module M400, and the interface test report obtained by the comparison judgment module M500 are displayed in a graph manner.
Further, based on the second embodiment, the configuration acquisition module extracts interface description information from the existing interface response processing code of the actual system which has been tested correctly, and automatically generates an interface configuration file; or writing the interface configuration file according to the data format requirement of the interface configuration file specification.
Based on all the above embodiments, preferably, the interface profile specification complies with the YAML file format.
Based on all the above embodiments, preferably, the specification of the interface data return file conforms to the JSON file format.
In the embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed method and apparatus may be implemented in other ways. The above-described system embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical functional division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, and for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of systems or units through some communication interfaces, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments provided by the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures, and moreover, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used merely to distinguish one description from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its spirit and scope. Are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for automatic testing of an interface, the method comprising the steps of:
s1) acquiring all interface configuration files of the tested system, carrying out grammar compliance check on the files, and storing the compliant interface configuration files after checking compliance, wherein the interface configuration files are used for describing interface description information of the test system, are manufactured according to interface configuration file specifications and comprise interface identification, interface operation types, interface parameters and types of returned response result data, and the interface identification has uniqueness; the interface operation type is the operation type of the interface.
S2) acquiring the compliant interface configuration file, analyzing the interface configuration file, and acquiring each item of specific content in the interface description information; generating an interface document according to the interface description information;
s3) according to the interface identification, interface parameter and interface operation type in the interface description information, sending an interface service request to the tested system;
s4) the tested system responds after receiving the interface service request, and returns an interface response result;
s5) analyzing the response result data of the tested system interface, and verifying the data validity of the data analysis result;
s6) determining S5) whether the interface response result data conforms to the type of the returned response result data in the interface description information obtained in S2), marking the data items which do not conform to; and generating an interface test report.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, thereafter, further comprising, S7) displaying the compliant interface description information, the tested system interface response result and the interface test report in a graph manner according to the user' S requirements.
3. The method according to claims 1-2, wherein the process of obtaining the interface configuration file in S1) includes two ways, automatically or manually; in an automatic mode, interface description information is extracted from the existing interface response processing codes of the actual system which is tested correctly, and an interface configuration file is automatically generated; and writing the interface configuration file in a manual mode according to the data format requirement specified by the interface configuration file.
4. The method of claims 1-2 wherein the interface configuration file conforms to the YAML file format.
5. The method of claims 1-2, wherein the interface response result data conforms to a JSON file format.
6. An apparatus for automatic testing of an interface, the apparatus comprising:
the configuration acquisition module is used for acquiring all interface configuration files of a tested system, checking syntax compliance of the files, and storing the interface configuration files in compliance after checking compliance, wherein the interface configuration files are used for describing interface description information of the test system and are manufactured according to interface configuration file specifications and comprise interface identification, interface operation types, interface parameters and types of returned response result data, and the interface identification has uniqueness; the interface operation type is the operation type of the interface;
the configuration analysis module is used for acquiring the compliant interface configuration file, analyzing the interface configuration file and acquiring each item of specific content in the interface description information; generating an interface document according to the interface description information;
the test module is used for sending an interface service request to a tested system according to the interface identifier, the interface parameter and the interface operation type in the interface description information analyzed by the configuration analysis module; receiving an interface response result;
the response analysis module is used for analyzing the response result of the tested system interface obtained by the test module and verifying the data validity of the data analysis result;
the comparison judging module judges whether the response result data verified by the response analysis module is in accordance with the type of the returned response result data in the interface description information obtained by the configuration analysis module, and marks the data items which are not in accordance; and generating an interface test report.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, further comprising a presentation module that graphically displays the compliant interface description information, the tested system interface response results, and the interface test reports according to user requirements.
8. The apparatus of claims 6-7, wherein the configuration acquisition module extracts interface description information from existing interface response processing code of actual tested correct system, automatically generating interface configuration file; or writing the interface configuration file according to the data format requirement of the interface configuration file specification.
9. The apparatus of claims 6-7, wherein the interface configuration file conforms to a YAML file format.
10. The apparatus of claims 6-7, wherein the interface response result data conforms to a JSON file format.
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| CN111510330B (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2023-08-18 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Interface management device, method and storage medium |
| CN111510330A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-08-07 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Interface management apparatus, method and storage medium |
| CN114070763A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-02-18 | 富泰华工业（深圳）有限公司 | Improved REST protocol-based test method, client, server and medium |
| CN114070763B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2023-09-26 | 富泰华工业（深圳）有限公司 | Test method, client, server and medium based on improved REST protocol |
| CN112380121A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-19 | 杭州妙联物联网技术有限公司 | Automatic testing method and system for Internet of things equipment |
| CN112416457A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-02-26 | 中国建设银行股份有限公司 | Interface configuration file generation method and device |
| CN112631694B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2023-08-11 | 远光软件股份有限公司 | API (application program interface) encapsulation calling method and system |
| CN112631694A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-09 | 远光软件股份有限公司 | API (application programming interface) packaging calling method and system |
| CN113114511B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-07-15 | 中国科学技术大学 | Method and device for generating port description information of network equipment |
| CN113114511A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-13 | 中国科学技术大学 | Method and device for generating port description information of network equipment |
| CN113407386B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-08-23 | 福建升腾资讯有限公司 | Device for simulating and testing resident certificates |
| CN113407386A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-09-17 | 福建升腾资讯有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for simulating and testing resident certificates |
| CN113590468A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-11-02 | 交控科技股份有限公司 | Automatic testing method and device for ATS interface of automatic train monitoring system |
| CN113687965A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2021-11-23 | 深圳市工易付电子科技有限公司 | Data interaction method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN115086436A (en) * | 2022-06-16 | 2022-09-20 | 平安银行股份有限公司 | Method and device for parameter verification between Application Program Interfaces (APIs), computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN117472367A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-01-30 | 中电数据产业有限公司 | Heterogeneous resource intelligent identification and access method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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