CN110907536A

CN110907536A - Railway track detection device and method

Info

Publication number: CN110907536A
Application number: CN201911235442.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡月; 李罡
Original assignee: Jinan Rail Transit Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jinan Rail Transit Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-05
Filing date: 2019-12-05
Publication date: 2020-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-05
Also published as: CN110907536B

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway track detection device and a method, which comprises a motion mechanism, a first detection mechanism, a second detection mechanism, a third detection mechanism and a clamping mechanism, wherein the motion mechanism can move in a way of being matched with a railway track, the first detection mechanism, the second detection mechanism and the third detection mechanism are arranged on the motion mechanism, the clamping mechanism is arranged on the motion mechanism, the first detection mechanism, the second detection mechanism and the third detection mechanism respectively comprise a signal emitter and a signal receiver, the signal emitters of the first detection mechanism, the second detection mechanism and the third detection mechanism can move in a reciprocating way in the vertical direction, and the clamping mechanism can move in a reciprocating way in the vertical; the signal emitter of the first detection mechanism is further connected to the grinding mechanism, and the signal emitter of the first detection mechanism and the grinding mechanism can be in contact with the railway track at different time intervals. The invention can avoid the problems of low detection precision and low working efficiency possibly occurring in the existing detection mode.

Description

Railway track detection device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of railway tracks, in particular to a railway track detection device and method.

Background

The Ballastless track (Ballastless track) is a track structure which adopts integral foundations such as concrete, asphalt mixture and the like to replace a loose gravel road bed, is also called a Ballastless track, and is an advanced track technology in the world today. Compared with a ballast track, the ballastless track avoids the splashing of the ballast, has good smoothness, good stability, long service life, good durability, less maintenance work and high train running speed of more than 350 kilometers.

However, during the ballastless track laying process, due to the combination of various factors, the problem of the support layer of the railway track being empty inevitably occurs, and the operation of the high-speed rail is seriously affected.

At present, two methods of ground penetrating radar and impact elastic wave detection are mainly adopted for detecting the problem of the void of a supporting layer of the ballastless track, and the inventor considers that the ground penetrating radar has low detection resolution, the gap of the supporting layer of the ballastless track is small, the reflecting surface is not obvious, and the detection accuracy is low; in addition, the bottom of the concrete supporting layer contains reinforcing steel bars, so that radar electromagnetic wave signals are shielded, and the detection accuracy of the bottom of the supporting layer in a hollow state is influenced.

The impact elastic wave method is used for judging whether a supporting layer of the ballastless track is empty or not through the waveform characteristics and the frequency spectrum characteristics of the elastic waves, and the analysis principle of the impact elastic wave method is well known to those skilled in the art. The elastic wave is one of stress waves, and is a form that stress and strain caused by disturbance or external force are transmitted in an elastic medium, the artificial elasticity is usually knocked and excited by a small hammer, data are acquired in a point measurement mode according to a statistical method, and the inventor thinks that the artificial knocking excitation energy is unstable, the measurement precision of a measurement point is poor, the working efficiency is low, and the requirement of high-speed rail rapid detection cannot be met; the automatic knocking improves the knocking efficiency, but if special physical phenomena occur, such as a zigzag elastic wave frequency dispersion curve which cannot be completely solved by the address exploration industry so far, and extra low-frequency signals are needed for increasing the detection depth.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the conventional detection method for the void of the ballastless track supporting layer, the invention aims to provide a railway track detection device and method, which can solve the problems of low detection precision and low working efficiency possibly caused by the conventional detection method.

The invention aims to provide a railway track detection device.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a railway track detection method.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention discloses the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, the invention discloses a railway track detection device, which comprises a movement mechanism, a first detection mechanism, a second detection mechanism, a third detection mechanism and a clamping mechanism, wherein the movement mechanism can move in a manner of being matched with a railway track, the first detection mechanism, the second detection mechanism and the third detection mechanism are arranged on the movement mechanism, the clamping mechanism is arranged on the movement mechanism, the first detection mechanism, the second detection mechanism and the third detection mechanism respectively comprise a signal emitter and a signal receiver, the signal emitter of the first detection mechanism and the signal emitter of the second detection mechanism can respectively reciprocate in the vertical direction, and the clamping mechanism can reciprocate in the vertical direction; the signal emitter of the first detection mechanism is also connected with the grinding mechanism, and the signal emitter of the first detection mechanism and the grinding mechanism can be in contact with the railway track at different time intervals.

Further, the motion mechanism comprises a chassis, rollers and a driver, the driver is installed on the chassis, the driver is connected with the rollers, and the rollers are matched with the rails.

Furthermore, the signal emitter of the first detection mechanism is a giant magnetostrictive transducer, the signal emitter of the second detection mechanism is an ultrasonic probe, the signal emitter of the third detection mechanism is a ground penetrating radar emitter, the first detection mechanism, the second detection mechanism and the third detection mechanism are all connected to the processor, the giant magnetostrictive transducers are multiple, and the giant magnetostrictive transducers can be periodically contacted with the railway track.

Furthermore, the signal emitter of the first detection mechanism is connected with the motion mechanism through a first electric push rod, the signal emitter of the second detection mechanism is connected with the motion mechanism through a second electric push rod, and a universal shaft is further arranged between the first detection mechanism and the first electric push rod.

Further, fixture is including the splint that are used for simulating the staff to extrude couplant container, and splint set up in pairs, and third electric putter and fourth electric putter are connected respectively to two splint, and third electric putter and fourth electric putter connect respectively in motion.

Further, the clamping plate is arc-shaped plate-shaped.

Further, the clamping mechanism is arranged on the front side of the first detection mechanism; and a first detection mechanism, a second detection mechanism and a clamping mechanism are respectively arranged on two sides of the movement mechanism.

Further, grinding machanism includes electronic sander, and electronic sander includes rotary power source, grindstone and circular plate, and the grindstone is circularly, and circular plate is connected to one side of grindstone, and a plurality of groove is seted up along the direction of radius to circular plate, and the super magnetic transducer of every inslot installation, the equal connection treater of a plurality of super magnetic transducer.

Further, the radius of the circular plate is the same as that of the grinding stone.

In a second aspect, the invention discloses a railway track detection method, comprising the following steps:

detecting the railway track section to be detected by using a third detection mechanism along the forward direction;

turning the direction, and detecting on the railway track section to be detected by using a first detection mechanism along the reverse direction;

turning the direction, and coating a couplant on the railway track by using a clamping mechanism along the positive direction on the section of the railway track to be detected;

and turning the direction, and detecting the railway section to be detected by using a second detection mechanism along the reverse direction.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) according to the invention, three detection means of ground penetrating radar detection, ultrasonic wave detection and elastic wave detection are combined, wherein the ground penetrating radar can find that the ballastless track supporting layer is obviously empty, and the ultrasonic wave and elastic wave detection means can find that the ballastless track supporting layer is slightly empty; in the method provided by the invention, three steering ways are used to organically combine the three detection means into the detection of a section of road, and after the detection is finished, the moving mechanism can still keep driving in the forward direction, thereby facilitating the start of the detection of the next section of road.

2) According to the invention, the first detection mechanism and the grinding mechanism are combined into a whole, the rotation inertia of the grinding mechanism is fully utilized, a plurality of giant magneto transducers are arranged on a grinding stone of the grinding mechanism and can be intermittently contacted and touched with a railway track, so that the elastic wave excited by the giant magneto transducers on the railway track can generate an obvious change curve, and meanwhile, the low-frequency band is increased, and the detection depth of the elastic wave is favorably increased.

3) In the invention, in order to combine the first detection mechanism with the grinding mechanism, the first detection mechanism is endowed with three postures which are realized according to the first electric push rod and the universal shaft, the distance between the first detection mechanism and the grinding stone relative to the railway track can be changed through the first electric push rod, and the angle between the first detection mechanism and the grinding stone relative to the railway track can be changed through the universal shaft; the structure used by the invention is suitable for the working state and working principle of the grinding stone and the first detection mechanism, and can facilitate the work of the grinding stone and the first detection mechanism.

4) In the invention, the giant magnetostrictive transducer is used as a first detection mechanism to excite the railway track to generate elastic waves in the concrete roadbed, and meanwhile, in consideration of the fact that a plurality of problems still exist in the current elastic wave geological exploration, which possibly causes wrong structures or missing detection, the ultrasonic detection mechanism is used as the supplement of elastic wave detection to improve the detection accuracy.

5) In the present invention, in consideration of the requirement of ultrasonic detection, a pressing mechanism capable of automatically pressing out the couplant in the couplant container is also used to facilitate the detection of the ultrasonic detection device.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of example 1,

figure 2 is an internal schematic view of a first angle of embodiment 1,

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first detecting mechanism and a grinding mechanism in embodiment 1,

in the figure, 11, a chassis, 12, a first roller, 13, a second roller, 14, a third roller, 15, a housing, 16, a turbo fan, 21, a first electric push rod, 22, a second electric push rod, 23, a circular plate, 231, a groove, 24, an ultrasonic probe, 25, a motor connected with a grinding mechanism, 26, a universal joint, 27, a giant magnetic transducer, 31, a first industrial couplant container, 32, a second industrial couplant container, 33, a third industrial couplant container, 34, a fourth industrial couplant container, 151, a first housing protrusion, 152, a second housing protrusion, 1511, a third electric push rod, 1, a first clamping plate, 1512, a fourth electric push rod, 1522, a second clamping plate, 1513, a third clamping plate, 1523, a fifth electric push rod, 100, a rail body, 101, a pillow, 200, a foundation, 201, and a void.

Detailed Description

It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred mechanism or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and furthermore, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and are not to indicate or imply relative importance.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

As described in the background art, aiming at the defects of the existing detection method for detecting the void of the ballastless track supporting layer, the invention aims to provide a railway track detection device and method, which can avoid the problems of low detection precision and low working efficiency which may occur in the existing detection method, and the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment discloses a railway track detection apparatus, including a movement mechanism capable of moving in cooperation with a railway track, a first detection mechanism, a second detection mechanism, a third detection mechanism mounted on the movement mechanism, and a clamping mechanism mounted on the movement mechanism, wherein the first detection mechanism, the second detection mechanism, the third detection mechanism and the clamping mechanism are capable of moving back and forth in a vertical direction; the first detection mechanism is also connected with the grinding mechanism and has three postures, and when the first detection mechanism is in a first posture of the three postures, the first detection mechanism can be contacted with the railway track; when the first detection mechanism is in a second attitude of the three attitudes, the grinding mechanism connected to the first detection mechanism can be brought into contact with the railway track.

It is understood that the first to third detecting mechanisms each include a signal transmitter and a signal receiver, and the signal transmitter and the signal receiver of the first to third detecting mechanisms in this embodiment are located on the bottom side of the moving mechanism, and include three signal transmitters, and the first to third detecting mechanisms in this embodiment are connected to the power supply.

In the embodiment, two detection modes in the background art are combined, and an ultrasonic mechanism is used for auxiliary detection, that is, the three signal transmitters in the embodiment respectively comprise an automatic knocking mechanism, a ground penetrating radar transmitting head and an ultrasonic probe 24; similarly, the three signal receivers in this embodiment are respectively a vibration sensor, a ground penetrating radar receiving antenna and an ultrasonic receiver. It can be understood that, in this embodiment, the pairing connection relationships between the automatic tapping mechanism and the vibration sensor, between the ground penetrating radar transmitting head and the ground penetrating radar receiving antenna, and between the ultrasonic probe 24 and the ultrasonic receiver are all the prior art, and detailed descriptions of specific principles and structures thereof are omitted here.

It is understood that since the ultrasonic probe 24 is provided in the present embodiment, the air between the ultrasonic probe 24 and the surface to be detected needs to be eliminated in the industrial ultrasonic detection, and the industrial couplant is generally used. According to the characteristics of the ballastless track, when ultrasonic detection is used, a couplant needs to be coated on the upper surface of the rail so as to eliminate gaps on the rough upper surface of the rail and facilitate the contact of the ultrasonic probe 24 with a roadbed. The traditional ultrasonic detection mechanism is complicated to use and needs manual painting.

Therefore, the bottom of the motion of this embodiment still is equipped with fixture for scribbling the couplant that industry ultrasonic testing used, including the splint that are used for simulating the staff to extrude the couplant container, the splint set up in pairs, including first splint 1521 and second splint 1522, third electric putter 1511 and fourth electric putter 1512 are connected respectively to two splint, and third electric putter 1511 and fourth electric putter 1512 are connected respectively in the motion.

Most of the prior coupling agent containers considered are cylindrical, the clamping plate in the embodiment is an arc-shaped plate, and the inner diameter of the clamping plate is matched with the outer side of the cylindrical main body of the coupling agent container.

It can be understood that at present, the port of the industrial couplant container does not generally have a spray head for applying, and in use, the port of the industrial couplant container can be replaced by a spray head for medical couplant, so that the spray head can be directly used for applying the couplant.

Referring to fig. 1, a casing for protecting the internal structure is disposed above a chassis 11 of the movement mechanism in the embodiment, and the casing has a strip-shaped gap for accommodating a plurality of industrial couplant containers. In the present embodiment, a first industrial couplant container 31, a second industrial couplant container 32, a third industrial couplant container 33, and a fourth industrial couplant container 34 are placed in common. Therefore, the present embodiment also has a plurality of clamping mechanisms.

It can be understood that, because the railway track generally has two relatively independent tracks, the two sides of the moving mechanism are respectively provided with the first detection mechanism, the second detection mechanism, the third detection mechanism and the clamping mechanism; the clamping mechanism in this embodiment also has two. Meanwhile, the upper portion of the housing 15 is provided with a first housing protrusion 151 and a second housing protrusion 152, respectively, to connect the power push rod.

It should be noted that the couplant should be generally applied to the surface of the material to be measured, but when the measurement temperature is high, the couplant should be applied to the ultrasonic probe 24.

In order to facilitate the contact of the couplant and the rail, an electric sander is further installed on the bottom side of the moving mechanism, and the electric sander can polish the upper surface of the rail completely. The electric sander comprises a rotary power source, a grinding stone and a circular plate 23, wherein the grinding stone is circular, the circular plate 23 is connected to one side of the grinding stone, a plurality of grooves 231 are formed in the circular plate 23 in the radius direction, the giant magneto transducer 27 is installed in each groove 231, and the giant magneto transducers 27 are all connected with a processor.

The movement mechanism specifically comprises a chassis 11 and a driver, wherein the driver is a wheel body, the chassis 11 is provided with a motor serving as the driver, the motor is connected with a power supply, it can be understood that the power supply connected with the motor can be the power supply of a high-speed rail or a battery carried by the motor, and the driver is connected with and drives the wheel body, because the basic equipment of the high-speed rail circuit is mature. It will be appreciated that the wheels are rubber railway tyres adapted to high-speed rail. In this embodiment, three pairs of rollers are used, which include a first roller 12, a second roller 13, a third roller 14, a fourth roller, a fifth roller and a sixth roller.

The first electric push rod 21 and the second electric push rod 22 in this embodiment are both connected to the housing 15 of the motion mechanism, and the specific connection manner is that the tops of the first electric push rod 21 and the second electric push rod 22 are fixedly connected to the top of the housing. Still be equipped with the cardan shaft between first detection mechanism and the electric putter to change the gesture of first detection mechanism's signal transmitter. The universal shaft in this embodiment is an industrial electric cross universal joint 26.

The automatic striking mechanism in this embodiment includes a giant magnetostrictive transducer 27 located in the electric sander.

The principle of the automatic knocking mechanism used in this embodiment is that the giant magnetostrictive transducer 27 mounted on the electric sander intermittently contacts the rail, thereby knocking the rail and exciting the elastic waves.

Therefore, the electric sander in the embodiment comprises a motor as a power source, the output end of the motor is connected with a round grindstone, the preferred mesh number of the grindstone is 800-1000, the first side surface of the grindstone is connected with a round plate 23, the radius of the plate and the grindstone is the same, the first side surface of the plate is provided with a plurality of grooves 231 formed along the radius direction of the plate, and the tail ends of the grooves 231 extend to the curved surface side of the plate; the starting ends of the slots 231 are communicated, and the starting ends of the slots 231 are also the intersection of the slots 231 and are positioned at the circle center of the plate; within each of the plurality of slots 231 is mounted a giant magnetostrictive transducer 27. The use of the slot 231 to partially mount the giant magnetostrictive transducer 27 prevents it from being displaced upon impact with a railway rail.

It will be appreciated that, since debris is generated during sanding, in this embodiment, a turbine fan 16 is mounted to the chassis 11 on the inside of the sanding mechanism for blowing away debris created by sanding.

In the operation mode of the present embodiment, the expansion and contraction of the giant magnetoresistive transducer 27 can be controlled in real time according to the low-skew characteristic of the giant magnetoresistive transducer 27. In addition, the motor connected with the grindstone is a stepping motor with adjustable speed, and the stepping motor is adjustable in speed and convenient to drive the giant magnetostrictive transducer 27 in a low-speed state.

The giant magnetostrictive transducer 27 is known to be used as an ultrasonic wave source, and in this embodiment, the giant magnetostrictive transducer 27 is controlled to be in contact with the rail, and the rail has a certain elasticity, so that the rail can excite a high-frequency elastic wave signal of 500 to 10kHZ of the rail.

In this embodiment, a plurality of giant magnetostrictive transducers 27 are used, the end parts of the giant magnetostrictive transducers 27 are distributed on the curved surface of the circular plate 23, and the giant magnetostrictive transducers 27 can contact with the track in a reciprocating manner along with the rotation of the circular plate 23 to sequentially excite the elastic waves of the track. And because each giant magnetostrictive transducer 27 always has a pressure towards the underground direction when in contact with the track, the frequency curve of each knocking can be ensured to have a certain change process, and a signal with lower frequency is given to the current vibration, so that the measurement depth is enlarged.

The plurality of giant magneto transducers 27 in this embodiment are each connected to a processor to control its mode of operation.

Example 2

Embodiment 2 discloses a railway track detection method, including the following steps:

1) detecting the railway track section to be detected by using a third detection mechanism along the forward direction;

2) turning the direction, and detecting on the railway track section to be detected by using a first detection mechanism along the reverse direction;

3) turning the direction, and coating a couplant on the railway track by using a clamping mechanism along the positive direction on the section of the railway track to be detected;

4) and turning the direction, and detecting the railway section to be detected by using a second detection mechanism along the reverse direction.

It can be understood that, in step 1), the specific detection method of the third detection mechanism is an existing detection method for detecting the underground structure by using a ground penetrating radar, and details are not described herein.

In step 2), the detecting step of the second detecting mechanism specifically includes:

2.1) the universal shaft rotates, and the top surface of the circular plate 23 is vertical to the roadbed;

2.2) activation of a plurality of giant magnetostrictive transducers 27 mounted on the circular plate 23;

2.3) a motor connected with the grindstone rotates to drive the plurality of giant magneto transducers 27 on the circular plate 23 to rotate, and periodically collides and contacts with the rail;

2.4) collecting elastic wave data by the vibration receiver.

In step 3), the clamping plate of the clamping mechanism clamps the outer wall of the industrial couplant container, so that the industrial couplant is extruded from the container.

In step 4), the specific detection method of the second detection mechanism is an existing detection method for detecting the underground structure by using ultrasonic waves, and details are not repeated here.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway track detection device is characterized by comprising a movement mechanism, a first detection mechanism, a second detection mechanism, a third detection mechanism and a clamping mechanism, wherein the movement mechanism can move in a manner of being matched with a railway track, the first detection mechanism, the second detection mechanism and the third detection mechanism are arranged on the movement mechanism, the clamping mechanism is arranged on the movement mechanism, the first detection mechanism, the second detection mechanism and the third detection mechanism respectively comprise a signal emitter and a signal receiver, the signal emitter of the first detection mechanism and the signal emitter of the second detection mechanism can move in a reciprocating manner in the vertical direction, and the clamping mechanism can move in a reciprocating manner in the vertical direction; the signal emitter of the first detection mechanism is also connected with the grinding mechanism, and the signal emitter of the first detection mechanism and the grinding mechanism can be in contact with the railway track at different time intervals.

2. The railroad track detection device of claim 1 wherein the motion mechanism includes a chassis, a roller, and a driver mounted to the chassis, the driver being coupled to the roller, the roller engaging the track.

3. The railway track detection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the signal transmitter of the first detection mechanism is a giant magnetostrictive transducer, the signal transmitter of the second detection mechanism is an ultrasonic probe, the signal transmitter of the third detection mechanism is a ground penetrating radar transmitter, the first detection mechanism, the second detection mechanism and the third detection mechanism are connected to the processor, and the giant magnetostrictive transducer has a plurality of giant magnetostrictive transducers which can be periodically contacted with the railway track.

4. The railway track detecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the signal emitter of the first detecting mechanism is connected to the moving mechanism through a first electric push rod, and the signal emitter of the second detecting mechanism is connected to the moving mechanism through a second electric push rod, wherein a universal shaft is further provided between the first detecting mechanism and the first electric push rod.

5. The railway track inspection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism comprises clamping plates for simulating a human hand to press the couplant container, the clamping plates are arranged in pairs, the two clamping plates are respectively connected with a third electric push rod and a fourth electric push rod, and the third electric push rod and the fourth electric push rod are respectively connected with the moving mechanism.

6. The railway track detecting device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the clamp plate has an arc plate shape.

7. The railway track detecting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism is installed at a front side of the first detecting mechanism; and a first detection mechanism, a second detection mechanism and a clamping mechanism are respectively arranged on two sides of the movement mechanism.

8. The railway track detection device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grinding mechanism comprises an electric grinder, the electric grinder comprises a rotary power source, a grinding stone and a circular plate, the grinding stone is circular, one side of the grinding stone is connected with the circular plate, the circular plate is provided with a plurality of grooves along the radius direction, each groove is provided with a giant magneto transducer, and the giant magneto transducers are all connected with the processor.

9. The railway track detecting device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the radius of the circular plate member is the same as the radius of the grinding stone.

10. A railway track inspection method using the railway track inspection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of: