CN110905949A - 机动车盘式制动器的制动钳 - Google Patents

机动车盘式制动器的制动钳 Download PDF

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CN110905949A
CN110905949A CN201910800007.4A CN201910800007A CN110905949A CN 110905949 A CN110905949 A CN 110905949A CN 201910800007 A CN201910800007 A CN 201910800007A CN 110905949 A CN110905949 A CN 110905949A
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brake
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贝恩沃德·雷德曼
维塔利·舍雷尔
马丁·斯顿夫
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ZF CV Systems Europe BV
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Abstract

本发明涉及机动车盘式制动器的制动钳，制动钳具有压紧侧(2)和轮辋侧(3)，制动钳包括布置在压紧侧(2)上的用于容纳制动缸的制动缸法兰面(4)，使制动钳(1)在制动器托架上轴向移动的两个滑动套筒(5、6)，以及在压紧侧(2)上轴平行地布置在滑动套筒(5、6)之间的用于容纳传感器复位单元(9)的两个法兰面(8、8a)。

Description

机动车盘式制动器的制动钳
技术领域
本发明涉及一种尤其是用于载货车的机动车盘式制动器的制动钳。盘式制动器的制动钳已被熟知。在专业领域已知大量制动钳的变型方案。存在固定式制动钳、浮式制动钳或摆动式制动钳。本发明涉及一种浮式制动钳，尤其是单活塞浮式制动钳，其也被称为单柱塞浮式制动钳，其中，浮式制动钳还以术语“滑动制动钳”公知。以下一般性地应用术语“制动钳”。制动钳具有压紧侧和轮辋侧。在压紧侧和轮辋侧之间布置有开口，其用于容纳制动盘、轮辋侧的制动衬片以及压紧侧的制动衬片。在制动钳内布置于压紧侧上的压紧装置包括扭杆、具有压盘的芯轴以及压板。压紧装置通过制动衬片压紧制动盘。轮辋侧的制动衬片牢固地紧固在制动钳上。制动钳通过滑动套筒沿轴向能朝着制动盘的方向移动(“浮动式”)地支承在制动器托架上。此外，制动钳在压紧侧具有用于容纳传感器复位单元的法兰面。传感器复位单元包括传感器和复位装置。复位装置用于芯轴的进给和复位，以便例如可以在维护情况下更换制动衬片。传感器复位单元的传感器是用于监控制动衬片厚度的磨损传感器。传感器复位单元可能会由于在装配中、运输期间的异物碰撞或者不良路径(石头、树枝等)的外部影响而受损。传感器复位单元的损坏可能导致失灵或复位装置的传感功能或制动器内部空间的密封受影响。如果制动钳没有特殊包装地放置或临时存放，则由于制动钳的自身重量较高也会损坏传感器复位单元。
背景技术
WO2007/140985A1说明了一种具有传感器复位单元的制动钳。传感器复位单元在针对制动缸的法兰面的下方直接布置在制动钳的壳体上。传感器复位单元在制动钳上的全面布置保护传感器复位单元免受外部环境影响的碰撞和冲击作用，然而先决条件是在传感器复位单元的区域内加工制动钳。针对传感器复位单元在制动钳内的布置，按照铸造法借助铣削工艺精加工制动钳，其中，执行平面铣削和型腔铣削。借助铣削工具进行的附加工作步骤在制造中还额外造成了不期望的成本以及制动钳的加工时间，由此延长了制动钳的制成。
发明内容
本发明的任务是提出一种制动钳，其为传感器复位单元提供成本适当的且可靠的保护使其免受外部环境碰撞和冲击影响。
该任务通过如下方式解决，即，制动钳在压紧侧上于第一滑动套筒和法兰面之间具有第一肋并且/或者在第二滑动套筒和法兰面之间具有第二肋。视传感器复位单元的传感器插头的数量和布置而定，制动钳可以具有一个肋或两个肋。肋保护传感器复位单元的区域，该区域不被制动钳壳体覆盖。在一个优选实施方案中，肋覆盖制动钳的卷边。卷边的浇铸是不经济且成本不适当的。不同于肋的布置，需要更多的原材料(例如钢)。
在另一优选实施方案中，第一肋的外轮廓和/或第二肋的外轮廓对应于传感器复位单元的外轮廓，或者第一肋的外轮廓和/或第二肋的外轮廓大于传感器复位单元的外轮廓。
传感器复位单元是独立的构件，其视客户需求而定能够在几何形状或周边方面不同地实施。传感器复位单元的可变周边需要肋根据传感器复位单元的周边进行匹配。仅在制动钳壳体和肋完全覆盖传感器复位单元情况下，才确保更可靠地免受外部环境影响。
还表明的是，在另一设计方案中，第一肋或第二肋与传感器复位单元具有间距地布置。换而言之，第一肋和传感器复位单元不接触或第二肋和传感器复位单元不接触。不需要利用铣削工具精加工肋表面。第一肋或第二肋仅用于保护传感器复位单元免受外部影响。精加工仅在制动钳壳体的子部件的法兰面上需要，而在第一肋或第二肋上不需要。
在另一实施方案中，由制动钳壳体成形出第一肋和/或第二肋。制动钳以铸造工艺铸造有第一肋和/或第二肋。用于将第一肋和/或第二肋布置在制动钳上的附加工作步骤如焊接、铆接、螺旋连接或粘接是不必要的。
按照有利方式还表明，第一肋和/或第二肋沿径向、反向于制动缸法兰面的方向布置在制动钳壳体上。第一肋和/或第二肋是制动钳壳体的一部分。具体而言，第一肋和/或第二肋布置在制动钳壳体的子部件和用于容纳再调整装置的法兰面之间。传感器复位单元的法兰面相对于制动钳壳体和第一肋和/或第二肋反向于制动钳的轮辋侧地沿轴向突出。也就是说，在传感器复位单元与第一肋和/或第二肋之间存在间距。
在另一设计方案中，制动钳和第一肋和/或第二肋由相同材料形成。优选的材料是铸铁。
在最后一个实施方案中，第一肋和/或第二肋具有至少4mm的宽度。第一肋和/或第二肋的更小宽度将导致提前出现断裂，由此不再确保对传感器复位单元的保护。尤其优选地，第一肋和/或第二肋具有4.5mm的宽度。更宽的肋提高了制动钳的重量和材料耗费，这基于成本原因是不期望的。
附图说明
以下结合附图阐述本发明的所选实施例。
在附图中：
图1示出具有第一肋、第二肋和传感器复位单元的制动钳，
图2示出具有第一肋、第二肋和传感器复位单元的第二布置方案的制动钳，
图3示出具有第一肋而没有传感器复位单元的制动钳，
图4至图5以细节图示出具有第一肋的制动钳的下侧，
图6示出具有第一肋和第二肋的制动钳的下侧。
具体实施方案
图1示出压紧侧的制动钳1。制动钳1由铸铁制造并且在压紧侧2上具有制动缸法兰面4。在制动缸法兰面4中间布置有用于操作扭杆14的开口13。在压紧侧2和轮辋侧3之间，制动钳1具有用于容纳未示出的制动盘的制动盘开口7(参见图3)。在压紧过程期间，扭杆14通过压紧装置压紧制动盘。与制动钳1的轴线A轴平行地布置的两个滑动套筒5、6在制动过程期间使制动钳1在未示出的制动器托架上轴向移动。沿径向在制动缸法兰面4下方，朝向第一滑动套筒5和第二滑动套筒6的方向，制动钳1具有制动钳壳体11的用于容纳法兰面8、8a的子部件12。传感器复位单元9经由法兰面8、8a布置在制动钳1上。传感器复位单元9具有传感器插头15和复位装置16以及用于容纳传感器插头15和复位装置16的承载板17。复位装置16非中心地、即与制动钳1的轴线A轴平行地布置在制动钳1上。为了保护传感器复位单元9不受环境影响，在制动钳壳体11的子部件12上，沿径向反向于制动缸法兰面4的方向地由制动钳壳体11附加地成形出第一肋10和第二肋10a。第一肋10和第二肋10a连同用于容纳复位装置16的法兰8形成一个单元。法兰面8、8a相对于第一肋10和第二肋10a沿轴向突出。第一肋10和第二肋10a在该实施例中可以实现传感器复位单元9反向于传感器插头15或朝向传感器插头15方向布置。
图2示出根据图1的制动钳1。不过，复位装置16关于制动钳1的轴线A沿轴向布置。此外，传感器复位单元9布置在第一肋10上。
图3以侧向转动的立体图示出根据图1和图2的制动钳。不同于图1和图2，由制动钳仅成形出第一肋10。另外，示出了没有传感器复位单元9的制动钳1。图3表明第一肋10至制动钳壳体11的子部件12的接驳以及第一肋10至用于容纳复位装置16的法兰8的接驳。
图4和图5示出根据图1至图3的制动钳1的部分片段，其具有根据图2的传感器复位单元9的布置。图4尤其表明由制动钳壳体11成形出第一肋10。此外还详细示出的是，第一肋10并未贴靠传感器复位装置9的承载板17。换而言之，传感器复位装置9的承载板17和第一肋10以间距18布置。
图6以底视图示出根据图1和图2的制动钳1，其具有第一肋10和第二肋10a，其中，布置有根据图1的复位单元9。传感器复位单元9仅贴靠法兰面8、8a而并未贴靠第一肋10或第二肋10a。第一肋10和第二肋10a具有4.5mm的宽度B。
附图标记列表(说明书的一部分)
1 制动钳
2 压紧侧
3 轮辋侧
4 制动缸法兰面
5 第一滑动套筒
6 第二滑动套筒
7 制动盘开口
8、8a 法兰面
9 传感器复位单元
10 第一肋
10a 第二肋
11 制动钳壳体
12 制动钳壳体11的子部件
13 制动缸法兰面4的开口
14 扭杆
15 传感器插头
16 复位装置
17 承载板
18 肋10、10a与承载板17的间距
A 轴向的轴线
B 肋(10)的宽度

Claims (7)

1.用于盘式制动器的制动钳(1)，所述制动钳具有压紧侧(2)和轮辋侧(3)，所述制动钳包括：
a.布置在所述压紧侧(2)上的用于容纳制动缸的制动缸法兰面(4)，
b.用于使所述制动钳(1)在制动器托架上轴向移动的第一滑动套筒(5)和第二滑动套筒(6)，
c.在所述压紧侧(2)上轴平行地布置在所述第一滑动套筒(5)和所述第二滑动套筒(6)之间的用于容纳传感器复位单元(9)的两个法兰面(8、8a)，
其特征在于，所述制动钳(1)在所述压紧侧(2)上于所述第一滑动套筒(5)和所述法兰面(8)之间沿径向反向于所述制动缸法兰面(4)的方向地具有第一肋(10)，并且/或者在所述第二滑动套筒(6)和所述法兰面(8)之间具有第二肋(10a)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制动钳(1)，其特征在于，所述第一肋(10)的外轮廓和/或所述第二肋(10a)的外轮廓对应于所述传感器复位单元(9)的外轮廓，或者所述第一肋(10)的外轮廓和/或所述第二肋(10a)的外轮廓大于所述传感器复位单元(9)的外轮廓。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的制动钳(1)，其特征在于，所述第一肋(10)或所述第二肋(10a)与所述传感器复位单元(9)具有间距(18)地布置。
4.根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的制动钳(1)，其特征在于，由制动钳壳体(11)成形出所述第一肋(10)和/或所述第二肋(10a)。
5.根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的制动钳(1)，其特征在于，所述第一肋(10)和/或所述第二肋(10a)沿径向、反向于所述制动缸法兰面(4)的方向布置在所述制动钳壳体(11)上。
6.根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的制动钳(1)，其特征在于，所述第一肋(10)和/或所述第二肋(10a)由与所述制动钳(1)相同的材料形成。
7.根据前述权利要求中任意一项所述的制动钳(1)，其特征在于，所述第一肋(10)和/或所述第二肋(10a)具有至少4mm的宽度(B)。
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