CN110903968A - Full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system based on solar auxiliary heating - Google Patents
Full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system based on solar auxiliary heating Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system based on solar auxiliary heating, which comprises: solar energy assists the thermal equipment, the water tank, pressure circulating pump, water bath anaerobic fermentation jar and switch board, wherein, solar energy assists the thermal equipment and the cold water source is connected with the water tank respectively and is provided with the solenoid valve on the connecting tube, the delivery port of water tank is connected with the water inlet of water tank through pressure circulating pump and water bath anaerobic fermentation jar's outer heating chamber in proper order, the realization is to the cyclic heating of water bath anaerobic fermentation jar inner chamber kitchen garbage, still be provided with temperature probe in the water tank, solenoid valve on switch board and the connecting tube, pressure circulating pump and temperature probe are connected, a switch and the opening of pressure circulating pump for the temperature control solenoid valve that detects according to temperature probe open and. This full-automatic kitchen garbage anaerobic fermentation system based on solar energy is assisted heat can carry out intelligent water bath circulation heating to fermentation equipment with solar energy is assisted heat, realizes the full automatic operation of anaerobic fermentation low-power consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biomass anaerobic fermentation and solar energy storage intelligent operation, and particularly provides a full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system based on solar auxiliary heating.
Background
In recent years, urbanization is accelerated, the living standard of people is steadily improved, the catering industry in China is developed rapidly, the catering industry is developed at a high speed, kitchen waste accumulated like a mountain is generated, the generation amount of the kitchen waste is greatly increased, however, the kitchen waste treatment in China is started late, the treatment technology is not mature enough, most of the kitchen waste in cities has the problems of disordered management, disordered storage and the like, becomes a main pollution source in the process of collecting, transporting and landfill treatment of the waste, and seriously influences the environment of the city and the health of citizens. The kitchen waste has the characteristics of high water content, high organic matter content, high salt content, easiness in biodegradation and the like, so that the kitchen waste is determined to be the best raw material for anaerobic fermentation by the characteristics of the kitchen waste, and the utilization of an anaerobic fermentation technology is an effective means for realizing harmless and resource utilization of the kitchen waste. The anaerobic fermentation technology gradually decomposes organic matters in the kitchen waste into Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs), CO2, H2 and the like by utilizing the mutual beneficial symbiotic action among various types of bacteria in a fermentation system, and finally generates methane gas. In a fermentation system, microorganisms are extremely sensitive to temperature change, and the gas production efficiency can be influenced by small-amplitude temperature fluctuation. In order to ensure the fermentation efficiency, the traditional biogas engineering excessively depends on the power supply of a thermal power plant to maintain the fermentation temperature, and the stable operation of the fermentation can be ensured. However, aiming at the periodic operation of the fermentation process, the method has the disadvantages of overlarge electric energy consumption, increased overuse of fossil energy and economy and environment.
Solar radiation energy is used as an energy source and has unique advantages in energy source development. At present, most solar energy is directly utilized and reused after heat collection and temperature increase or photoelectric conversion, the biggest defects of heat collection and temperature increase are poor heat storage effect and obvious effect influenced by rainy days, and when radiation is insufficient due to continuous rainy days, temperature required by microorganisms cannot be supplied, so that biogas engineering fails. The maturity of the photoelectric conversion technology is not enough, the maximum electric conversion efficiency of the traditional solar panel is 17%, and equipment such as an inverter is required, so that the economic cost is increased.
Therefore, how to effectively utilize solar energy and simultaneously realize reduction, resource utilization and harmless utilization of the kitchen waste becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system based on solar auxiliary heating, so as to solve the problems that the utilization rate of solar energy is poor and intelligent treatment on kitchen waste cannot be performed.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: full-automatic kitchen garbage anaerobic fermentation system based on solar energy is assisted heat includes: solar energy auxiliary heating equipment, a water tank, a pressure circulating pump, a water bath anaerobic fermentation tank and a control cabinet, wherein, the water outlet of the solar energy auxiliary heating equipment is connected with the water inlet of the water tank through a hot water pipeline, the water inlet of the water tank is also connected with a cold water source through a cold water pipeline, the hot water pipeline and the cold water pipeline are respectively provided with a hot water pipeline electromagnetic valve and a cold water pipeline electromagnetic valve, the water outlet of the water tank is connected with the water inlet of the water tank through the pressure circulating pump and the outer heating cavity of the water bath anaerobic fermentation tank in sequence to realize the circulating heating of the kitchen waste in the inner cavity of the water bath anaerobic fermentation tank, the water tank is also internally provided with a temperature probe, used for detecting the water temperature in the water tank, the control cabinet is connected with a hot water pipeline electromagnetic valve, a cold water pipeline electromagnetic valve, a pressure circulating pump and a temperature probe, the on/off of the electromagnetic valve of the hot water pipeline and the electromagnetic valve of the cold water pipeline and the on/off of the pressure circulating pump are controlled according to the water temperature detected by the temperature probe.
Preferably, the water bath anaerobic fermentation tank comprises a double-layer tank body and a top cover, wherein an inner cavity of the double-layer tank body is used for placing kitchen waste, an outer cavity is connected with a water outlet of the water tank, the top cover is connected to the upper part of the double-layer tank body in a sealing mode, a stirring rod through hole is formed in the middle of the top cover, a stirring rod penetrates into the inner cavity of the double-layer tank body through the stirring rod through hole, an annular cavity is fixedly formed in the upper part of the top cover, the annular cavity is coaxially arranged with the stirring rod, the upper part of the stirring rod is fixedly connected with a cylindrical cup body with an opening in the lower part, the cylindrical cup body rotates along with the.
Further preferably, the height of the outer wall of the annular cavity is higher than the height of the inner wall thereof.
Preferably, a first water level sensor and a second water level sensor are arranged in the annular cavity, the first water level sensor is located at the lowest liquid seal height of the water level when the air pressure in the water-bath anaerobic fermentation tank is at the maximum, and the second water level sensor is located above the first water level sensor.
Preferably, the first water level sensor and the second water level sensor are both connected with the control cabinet, a water injection pipeline connected with the annular cavity is further arranged above the annular cavity, a water injection pipeline electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water injection pipeline, and the control cabinet controls the on/off of the water injection pipeline electromagnetic valve according to the water levels monitored by the first water level sensor and the second water level sensor.
Further preferably, the water inlet of the double-layer tank body is positioned below the water outlet, so that countercurrent circulating heating is realized.
Further preferably, the double-layer tank body is provided with a kitchen waste feeding hole and a kitchen waste discharging hole, and the kitchen waste feeding hole and the kitchen waste discharging hole are the same in height.
Further preferably, an exhaust valve is arranged on the top cover.
More preferably, an overflow port is further provided above the side portion of the water tank.
Preferably, the overflow port is communicated with a water inlet of the solar auxiliary heating device through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with an electromagnetic valve.
The full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system based on solar energy auxiliary heating improves the traditional kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation technology, uses a solar energy auxiliary heating process to realize full-automatic intelligent operation, selects water as a heat transfer and storage medium, can supply the temperature required by fermentation equipment when the sunshine is sufficient, and can utilize hot water stored in a heat-preservation water tank for cyclic utilization in rainy days to realize stable operation of biogas engineering.
According to the full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system based on solar auxiliary heating, provided by the invention, the fermentation equipment can be subjected to intelligent water bath circulation heating by using the solar auxiliary heating, so that the low-power-consumption full-automatic operation of anaerobic fermentation is realized.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system based on solar auxiliary heating provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of water flow and signal flow directions of a full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system based on solar auxiliary heating provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a water bath anaerobic fermentation tank;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the top cover and the annular chamber;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the stir bar and the cylindrical cup;
FIG. 6 is a position view of the top cover, annular cavity and cylindrical cup.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to specific embodiments, without limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a full-automatic anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste based on solar auxiliary heating, comprising: the device comprises a solar auxiliary heating device 1, a water tank 2, a pressure circulating pump 3, a water bath anaerobic fermentation tank 4 and a control cabinet 5, wherein a water outlet of the solar auxiliary heating device 1 is connected with a water inlet of the water tank 2 through a hot water pipeline 6, a water inlet of the water tank 2 is also connected with a cold water source through a cold water pipeline 7, the hot water pipeline 6 and the cold water pipeline 7 are respectively provided with a hot water pipeline electromagnetic valve 8 and a cold water pipeline electromagnetic valve 9, a water outlet of the water tank 2 is sequentially connected with a water inlet of the water tank 2 through an outer heating cavity of the pressure circulating pump 3 and the water bath anaerobic fermentation tank 4 to realize the circulating heating of the kitchen waste in the inner cavity of the water bath anaerobic fermentation tank 4, a temperature probe 10 is also arranged in the water tank 2 and used for detecting the temperature of the water in the water tank 2, and the control cabinet, and the controller is used for controlling the on/off of the hot water pipeline electromagnetic valve 8 and the cold water pipeline electromagnetic valve 9 and the on/off of the pressure circulating pump 3 according to the water temperature detected by the temperature probe 10.
The full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system based on solar auxiliary heating can provide hot water and cold water for the water tank through the solar auxiliary heating equipment and the cold water source, the temperature probe can sense the change of the water temperature in the water tank and feed back a signal to the control cabinet in real time, and when the temperature in the water tank meets a set range, the control cabinet opens the pressure circulating pump and disconnects the hot water pipeline electromagnetic valve and the cold water pipeline electromagnetic valve; when the temperature in the water tank is lower than the set temperature, the control cabinet closes the pressure circulating pump, disconnects the cold water pipeline electromagnetic valve and opens the hot water pipeline electromagnetic valve, hot water is injected into the water tank, and when the temperature in the water tank reaches the set temperature, the control cabinet disconnects the hot water pipeline electromagnetic valve and opens the pressure circulating pump to circularly heat the kitchen waste in the inner cavity of the water bath anaerobic fermentation tank; when the temperature in the water tank is higher than the set temperature, the control cabinet closes the pressure circulating pump, disconnects the hot water pipeline electromagnetic valve, opens the cold water pipeline electromagnetic valve, injects cold water into the water tank, and when the water temperature in the water tank reaches the set temperature, the control cabinet disconnects the cold water pipeline electromagnetic valve, opens the pressure circulating pump, and the kitchen waste in the inner cavity of the water bath anaerobic fermentation tank is heated in a circulating manner.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 3 to 6, the water bath anaerobic fermentation tank 4 comprises a double-layer tank 41 and a top cover 42, an inner cavity of the double-layer tank 41 is used for placing kitchen waste, the outer cavity is connected with a water outlet of the water tank 2, the top cover 42 is hermetically connected to the upper part of the double-layer tank 41, a stirring rod through hole is arranged in the middle of the top cover 42, a stirring rod 11 extends into the inner cavity of the double-layer tank 41 through the stirring rod through hole, an annular cavity 43 is fixedly arranged on the upper part of the top cover 42, the annular cavity 43 and the stirring rod 11 are coaxially arranged, a cylindrical cup 44 with an opening at the lower part is further coaxially and fixedly connected to the upper part of the stirring rod 11, the cylindrical cup 44 rotates along with the stirring rod 11, the lower edge of the cylindrical cup 44 is inserted into the annular cavity 43 and does not contact with the annular cavity 43, prevent the gas leakage of the joint of the stirring rod and the top cover.
As a technical improvement, the height of the outer wall of the annular chamber 43 is higher than the height of the inner wall thereof.
As a technical improvement, a first water level sensor 45 and a second water level sensor 46 are arranged in the annular cavity 43, the first water level sensor 45 is positioned at the lowest liquid seal height of the water level when the air pressure in the water-bath anaerobic fermentation tank 4 is maximum, the second water level sensor 46 is positioned above the first water level sensor 45, and when the height of the outer wall of the annular cavity 43 is higher than that of the inner wall thereof, the second water level sensor is preferably flush with the height of the inner wall of the annular cavity.
As an improvement of the technical solution, the first water level sensor 45 and the second water level sensor 46 are both connected with a control cabinet, a water injection pipeline 47 connected with the annular cavity 41 is further arranged above the annular cavity 41, a water injection pipeline electromagnetic valve 48 is arranged on the water injection pipeline 47, the control cabinet controls the on/off of the water injection pipeline electromagnetic valve 48 according to the water levels monitored by the first water level sensor 45 and the second water level sensor 46, and the specific process of adjusting the water level in the annular cavity by the first water level sensor and the second water level sensor is as follows: first level sensor and second level sensor insert a level transmitter simultaneously on, level transmitter adjusts the on-off state of water injection pipeline solenoid valve through the water level change of two level sensor real-time feedbacks, when first level sensor does not immerse the aquatic, it is low excessively to explain the water yield in the annular chamber, feedback signal feeds back the water level transmitter this moment, level transmitter transmits the signal of telecommunication and gives the water injection pipeline solenoid valve, the water injection pipeline solenoid valve is opened, to the well water injection in the annular chamber, when the water level is higher than second level sensor, feedback signal feeds back the water level transmitter behind second level sensor contact to water, level transmitter feeds back the signal of telecommunication and gives the water injection pipeline solenoid valve, the disconnection of water injection pipeline solenoid valve, stop to the water injection in the annular chamber, thereby maintain the annular intracavity water yield sufficient, guarantee that no gas.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, a water inlet 411 of the double-layer tank body 41 is positioned below a water outlet 412, so that countercurrent circulation heating is realized.
As the improvement of the technical scheme, the double-layer tank body 41 is provided with the kitchen waste feeding hole 413 and the kitchen waste discharging hole 414, the heights of the kitchen waste feeding hole and the kitchen waste discharging hole are the same, and the equal-quantity material feeding and discharging can be realized by adopting an equal-pressure method.
As the improvement of the technical scheme, an exhaust valve 49 is arranged on the top cover 42, and the interface of the exhaust valve and the top cover is sealed by sealant.
As a technical improvement, an overflow port 21 is also arranged above the side part of the water tank 2.
As the improvement of the technical scheme, the overflow port 21 is communicated with the water inlet of the solar auxiliary heating device 1 through a pipeline, the pipeline is provided with an electromagnetic valve, the water outlet of the overflow port adopts a circulation process, the water outlet is pumped into the solar auxiliary heating device through a pressure lifting pump, the cyclic utilization on the water resource side is ensured, the heat loss is reduced, the operation efficiency of the heat storage system is increased, and the circulating water needs to be periodically emptied and replaced for preventing the water quality from deteriorating due to long-term circulation so as to influence the circulation pipeline of the system and cause the situations of blockage and the like.
The embodiments of the present invention have been written in a progressive manner with emphasis placed on the differences between the various embodiments, and similar elements may be found in relation to each other.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Full-automatic kitchen garbage anaerobic fermentation system based on solar energy is assisted heat, its characterized in that includes: the solar energy auxiliary heating device (1), the water tank (2), the pressure circulating pump (3), the water bath anaerobic fermentation tank (4) and the control cabinet (5), wherein a water outlet of the solar energy auxiliary heating device (1) is connected with a water inlet of the water tank (2) through a hot water pipeline (6), a water inlet of the water tank (2) is also connected with a cold water source through a cold water pipeline (7), the hot water pipeline (6) and the cold water pipeline (7) are respectively provided with a hot water pipeline electromagnetic valve (8) and a cold water pipeline electromagnetic valve (9), a water outlet of the water tank (2) is connected with a water inlet of the water tank (2) through an outer heating cavity of the pressure circulating pump (3) and the water bath anaerobic fermentation tank (4) in sequence, so that the kitchen waste in an inner cavity of the water bath anaerobic fermentation tank (4) can be circularly heated, a temperature probe (10) is further arranged in the water tank, the control cabinet (5) is connected with the hot water pipeline electromagnetic valve (8), the cold water pipeline electromagnetic valve (9), the pressure circulating pump (3) and the temperature probe (10) and is used for controlling the on/off of the hot water pipeline electromagnetic valve (8) and the cold water pipeline electromagnetic valve (9) and the on/off of the pressure circulating pump (3) according to the water temperature detected by the temperature probe (10).
2. The full-automatic anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste based on solar auxiliary heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water-bath anaerobic fermentation tank (4) comprises a double-layer tank body (41) and a top cover (42), the inner cavity of the double-layer tank body (41) is used for placing kitchen waste, the outer cavity is connected with the water outlet of the water tank (2), the top cover (42) is hermetically connected to the upper part of the double-layer tank body (41), the middle part of the top cover (42) is provided with a stirring rod through hole, the stirring rod (11) extends into the inner cavity of the double-layer tank body (41) through the stirring rod through hole, an annular cavity (43) is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the top cover (42), the annular cavity (43) is coaxially arranged with the stirring rod (11), the upper part of the stirring rod (11) is also coaxially and fixedly connected with a cylindrical cup body (44) with an opening at the lower part, the cylindrical cup body (44) rotates along with the stirring rod (11), and the lower edge of the cylindrical cup body (44) is inserted into the annular cavity (43) and is not contacted with the annular cavity (43).
3. The full-automatic anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste based on solar auxiliary heating according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the height of the outer wall of the annular chamber (43) is higher than the height of the inner wall thereof.
4. The full-automatic anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste based on solar auxiliary heating according to claim 2 is characterized in that: a first water level sensor (45) and a second water level sensor (46) are arranged in the annular cavity (43), the first water level sensor (45) is located at the lowest liquid seal height of the water level when the air pressure in the water bath anaerobic fermentation tank (4) is maximum, and the second water level sensor (46) is located above the first water level sensor (45).
5. The full-automatic anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste based on solar auxiliary heating according to claim 4, characterized in that: first level sensor (45) and second level sensor (46) all are connected with the switch board, the top of annular chamber (41) still is provided with water injection pipeline (47) of being connected with annular chamber (41), be provided with water injection pipeline solenoid valve (48) on water injection pipeline (47), the switch board basis the water level control that first level sensor (45) and second level sensor (46) were monitored the on/off of water injection pipeline solenoid valve (48).
6. The full-automatic anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste based on solar auxiliary heating according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the water inlet (411) of the double-layer tank body (41) is positioned below the water outlet (412), so that countercurrent circulating heating is realized.
7. The full-automatic anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste based on solar auxiliary heating according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the kitchen waste feeding port (413) and the kitchen waste discharging port (414) are arranged on the double-layer tank body (41), and the height of the kitchen waste feeding port and the height of the kitchen waste discharging port are the same.
8. The full-automatic anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste based on solar auxiliary heating according to claim 2 is characterized in that: an exhaust valve (49) is arranged on the top cover (42).
9. The full-automatic anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste based on solar auxiliary heating according to claim 1, characterized in that: an overflow port (21) is also arranged above the side part of the water tank (2).
10. The full-automatic anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste based on solar auxiliary heating according to claim 9, characterized in that: the overflow port (21) is communicated with a water inlet of the solar auxiliary heating device (1) through a pipeline, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the pipeline.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911279038.6A CN110903968A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | Full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system based on solar auxiliary heating |
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| CN201911279038.6A CN110903968A (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | Full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system based on solar auxiliary heating |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112044918A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-12-08 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Heat pump-assisted heating kitchen garbage high temperature biodegradation mummification equipment |
| CN113512492A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-19 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Multi-mode combined auxiliary heating full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system |
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| US6532907B1 (en) * | 1999-02-27 | 2003-03-18 | Thomas Norman Harrison | Containment jacket |
| CN104531523A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-22 | 安徽农业大学 | Solar energy auxiliary heating type CSTR (continuous stirred tank reactor) anaerobic pilot-scale reaction device |
| CN205046121U (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2016-02-24 | 武汉都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Anaerobic digestion stirs sealing device |
| CN206325460U (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-07-14 | 重庆渝桥建筑构件有限公司 | Releasing agent mixing attemperator |
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2019
- 2019-12-13 CN CN201911279038.6A patent/CN110903968A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6532907B1 (en) * | 1999-02-27 | 2003-03-18 | Thomas Norman Harrison | Containment jacket |
| CN104531523A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-22 | 安徽农业大学 | Solar energy auxiliary heating type CSTR (continuous stirred tank reactor) anaerobic pilot-scale reaction device |
| CN205046121U (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2016-02-24 | 武汉都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 | Anaerobic digestion stirs sealing device |
| CN206325460U (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-07-14 | 重庆渝桥建筑构件有限公司 | Releasing agent mixing attemperator |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112044918A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-12-08 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Heat pump-assisted heating kitchen garbage high temperature biodegradation mummification equipment |
| CN113512492A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-19 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Multi-mode combined auxiliary heating full-automatic kitchen waste anaerobic fermentation system |
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