CN110903833A - Method for improving yield of top-loading coke oven - Google Patents
Method for improving yield of top-loading coke oven Download PDFInfo
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- CN110903833A CN110903833A CN201911097368.3A CN201911097368A CN110903833A CN 110903833 A CN110903833 A CN 110903833A CN 201911097368 A CN201911097368 A CN 201911097368A CN 110903833 A CN110903833 A CN 110903833A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B25/00—Doors or closures for coke ovens
- C10B25/02—Doors; Door frames
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the yield of a top-loading coke oven, belonging to the technical field of coking. The method for improving the yield of the top-loading coke oven comprises the following steps: adjusting a coal blending structure: coal pitch is adopted to replace lean coal in the original coal blending structure to obtain adjusted blended coal; adjusting the fineness of the coal as fired: crushing the adjusted blended coal to reduce the fineness of the adjusted blended coal from 76% to 71% so as to obtain coal as fired with the fineness of 71%; adjusting the thickness of the furnace door: reducing the thickness of a furnace door of the original carbonization chamber, so that the thickness of the furnace door of the original carbonization chamber is changed from 385mm to 325mm to obtain a modified carbonization chamber, increasing the effective volume in the modified carbonization chamber, and conveying the obtained coal as fired into the modified carbonization chamber; adjusting the temperature in the carbonization chamber: and keeping the temperature in the modification carbonization chamber to be more than 1150 ℃ for the adjustment small hole plate in the modification carbonization chamber. The invention has the effects of increasing the yield of the top-loading coke oven and reducing the production cost of enterprises.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coking, and particularly relates to a method for improving the yield of a top-loading coke oven.
Background
A coke oven is a furnace used to refine coke. The modern coke oven is composed of a carbonization chamber, a combustion chamber, a regenerative chamber, a chute area, an oven top, a foundation, a flue and the like. The coal material in the carbonization chamber is heated under the condition of air isolation to become coke. The coke oven adopts the blending coal to produce coke, the raw material coal passes through the crusher and the blending coal tank, enters the crusher to finally reach the fineness requirement of coking and charging, and is conveyed to the coke oven to form the coke.
The currently mainstream coking production and assembly coke oven is a six-meter top-mounted coke oven, the production oven type of the coke oven is a JN60-6 type coke oven, the effective height of the coke oven is 5650mm, the average width of the coke oven is 450mm, and the effective length of the coke oven is 15140 mm. After careful research and analysis, the company finds that the reasons for the low yield of the current production process mainly comprise the following aspects:
(1) the original furnace door brick is made of frame filled cordierite refractory materials, the thickness of the furnace door lining brick is 385mm, the effective volume of a single-hole carbonization chamber is 38.5m3, the single-hole coal charging amount is 28.3 tons according to the original design, and the coke yield is low due to the small effective volume.
(2) At present, the fineness of top-loading coal blending is over 75 percent in order to ensure the coke quality, and the yield of the obtained coke is low when the bulk density of the coal is small because the fineness of the blending coal is in positive correlation with the bulk density of the coal.
It is therefore imperative that a method of increasing the production of top-loaded coke ovens be devised to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for improving the yield of a top-loading coke oven to solve the technical problems, which can increase the yield of the top-loading coke oven and reduce the production cost of enterprises.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method of increasing the capacity of a top-loaded coke oven comprising the steps of:
s1, adjusting a coal blending structure: coal pitch is adopted to replace lean coal in the original coal blending structure to obtain adjusted blended coal;
s2, adjusting the fineness of the coal as fired: crushing the adjusted blended coal in the step S1 to reduce the fineness of the adjusted blended coal from 76% to 71% so as to obtain coal as fired with the fineness of 71%;
s3, adjusting the thickness of the furnace door: reducing the thickness of a furnace door of the original carbonization chamber, so that the thickness of the furnace door of the original carbonization chamber is changed from 385mm to 325mm, thus obtaining a modified carbonization chamber, increasing the effective volume in the modified carbonization chamber, and conveying the coal as fired obtained in the step S2 into the modified carbonization chamber;
s4, adjusting the temperature in the carbonization chamber: maintaining a temperature in the modified carbonization chamber of greater than 1150 ℃ for the adjustment orifice in the modified carbonization chamber in step S3.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the bulk density of the coal as fired can be effectively improved by optimizing and adjusting the coal blending structure and adjusting the fineness of the coal as fired, and the coal amount entering a carbonization chamber is increased, so that the yield is improved, in addition, the cost of raw material coal can be reduced by at least 20 yuan per ton by adjusting the coal blending structure, and the production cost of enterprises can be greatly reduced; in addition, the thickness of the furnace door of the primary carbonization chamber is reduced, and the effective volume of the carbonization chamber is increased, so that more coal as fired can be accommodated in the carbonization chamber, and the yield is improved; meanwhile, after the doors of the carbonization chambers are reduced, the single-hole coal loading of the coke oven is increased, the coal loading of each single-hole carbonization chamber is increased by 0.234 ton, the single-oven efficiency is improved, and the yield of the coke oven is effectively improved.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, the content of the coal pitch in the adjusted coal blending structure is 2% -3%, and the content of the lean coal is 2% -3%.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the strength of the produced coke is obviously enhanced after replacement, and the quality of the coke is improved while the yield is improved.
Further, the content of the coal pitch in the adjusted coal blending structure is 3%, and the content of the lean coal is 3%.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: coke has the highest strength and coke quality is improved most obviously.
Further, in the step of adjusting the fineness of the coal as fired, the crushing step is to adopt a single-hammer crusher to crush part of the adjusted blended coal.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: can conveniently and quickly reduce the fineness of the coal as fired.
Furthermore, the furnace door plate of the original carbonization chamber is replaced by the reduced furnace door plate, and the reduced furnace door plate comprises an aluminum silicate rock wool plate of 70mm, a calcium silicate plate of 50mm, a high-temperature composite rock wool plate of 5mm and a furnace door lining brick of 60mm which are sequentially arranged from the brick groove to the upper part.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: it is more convenient to reduce the furnace door plate through replacing, has improved thermal-insulated effect simultaneously.
Further, the diameter of the small hole on the small hole plate is adjusted to be increased from 15.2mm to 16.2mm by the small hole adjusting plate.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the gas flow in the carbonization chamber can be increased, and the combustion is enhanced.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps of adjusting the coke oven operation time: the operation time of the coke oven is shortened from 10min to 9min, and the turnover time of every two groups of coke ovens is coordinated to be 18.5 h.
The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: by optimizing the operation time, the work efficiency can be improved, so that the yield is further increased.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below by way of specific examples and comparative examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
It should be noted that "comprising" in the present invention means that it may include other components in addition to the components, and "comprises" may be replaced with "being" or "consisting of … …" in a closed manner.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for improving the yield of a top-loading coke oven, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting a coal blending structure: 2% coal tar is adopted to replace 2% lean coal in the structure of the raw blending coal, and the adjusted blending coal is obtained. The quality of the blended coal is reduced.
S2, adjusting the fineness of the coal as fired: and (5) adjusting the blended coal adjusted in the step S1 by adopting a single-hammer crusher to crush part of the blended coal, so that the fineness of the adjusted blended coal is reduced from 76% to 71%, and the coal as fired with the fineness of 71% is obtained. Thereby increasing the bulk density of the coal as fired.
S3, adjusting the thickness of the furnace door: the original furnace door plate replaced by the reduced furnace door plate is adopted, the reduced furnace door plate comprises a 70mm aluminum silicate rock wool plate, a 50mm calcium silicate plate, a 5mm high-temperature composite asbestos plate and a 60mm furnace door lining brick which are sequentially arranged from a brick groove upwards, the thickness of a furnace door of an original carbonization chamber is changed from 385mm to 325mm, a modified carbonization chamber is obtained, the effective volume in the modified carbonization chamber is increased, the effective length is increased from 15140mm to 15260mm, and the effective volume of a single-hole carbonization chamber is increased from 38.5m3Increased to 38.8m3According to the coal loading density of a top-loading coke oven of 0.78kg/m3And calculating that the increased coal loading amount of the single-hole carbonization chamber is 0.234 ton, the heat insulation effect is better, and the coal as fired obtained in the step S2 is conveyed into the modified carbonization chamber.
S4, adjusting the temperature in the carbonization chamber: for the diameter adjustment of the small hole on the small hole plate in the modified carbonization chamber in the step S3, the diameter of the small hole on the adjusted small hole plate is increased from 15.2mm to 16.2mm, so as to maintain the temperature in the modified carbonization chamber to be more than 1150 ℃. As the bulk density of the coal as fired is increased, the coal as fired needs to be heated more uniformly, so that the coal gas flow is increased by increasing the diameter of the small holes on the small hole plate, the combustion is increased, and the condition that the temperature in the carbonization chamber is modified to reach the coking standard is ensured.
S5, adjusting the coke oven operation time: the operation time of the coke oven is shortened from 10min to 9min, the turnover time of every two groups of coke ovens is coordinated to be 18.5h, the maintenance time of the coke pusher returning to the small stick is adjusted to be increased by 6min, and the maintenance time of the coke pusher returning to the large stick is increased by 16 min. Therefore, under the production condition, the operation effect is very good, one coke pusher is normally overhauled, the production cannot be influenced, and the influence of overhauling equipment on the production is reduced.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for improving the yield of a top-loading coke oven, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting a coal blending structure: and 3% of coal tar pitch is adopted to replace 3% of lean coal in the original coal blending structure, so that the adjusted blended coal is obtained. The quality of the blended coal is reduced.
S2, adjusting the fineness of the coal as fired: and (5) adjusting the blended coal adjusted in the step S1 by adopting a single-hammer crusher to crush part of the blended coal, so that the fineness of the adjusted blended coal is reduced from 76% to 71%, and the coal as fired with the fineness of 71% is obtained. Thereby increasing the bulk density of the coal as fired.
S3, adjusting the thickness of the furnace door: the original furnace door plate replaced by the reduced furnace door plate is adopted, the reduced furnace door plate comprises a 70mm aluminum silicate rock wool plate, a 50mm calcium silicate plate, a 5mm high-temperature composite asbestos plate and a 60mm furnace door lining brick which are sequentially arranged from a brick groove upwards, the thickness of a furnace door of an original carbonization chamber is changed from 385mm to 325mm, a modified carbonization chamber is obtained, the effective volume in the modified carbonization chamber is increased, the effective length is increased from 15140mm to 15260mm, and the effective volume of a single-hole carbonization chamber is increased from 38.5m3Increased to 38.8m3According to the coal loading density of a top-loading coke oven of 0.78kg/m3And calculating that the increased coal loading amount of the single-hole carbonization chamber is 0.234 ton, the heat insulation effect is better, and the coal as fired obtained in the step S2 is conveyed into the modified carbonization chamber.
S4, adjusting the temperature in the carbonization chamber: for the diameter adjustment of the small hole on the small hole plate in the modified carbonization chamber in the step S3, the diameter of the small hole on the adjusted small hole plate is increased from 15.2mm to 16.2mm, so as to maintain the temperature in the modified carbonization chamber to be more than 1150 ℃. As the bulk density of the coal as fired is increased, the coal as fired needs to be heated more uniformly, so that the coal gas flow is increased by increasing the diameter of the small holes on the small hole plate, the combustion is increased, and the condition that the temperature in the carbonization chamber is modified to reach the coking standard is ensured.
S5, adjusting the coke oven operation time: the operation time of the coke oven is shortened from 10min to 9min, the turnover time of every two groups of coke ovens is coordinated to be 18.5h, the maintenance time of the coke pusher returning to the small stick is adjusted to be increased by 6min, and the maintenance time of the coke pusher returning to the large stick is increased by 16 min. Therefore, under the production condition, the operation effect is very good, one coke pusher is normally overhauled, the production cannot be influenced, and the influence of overhauling equipment on the production is reduced.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for improving the yield of a top-loading coke oven, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting a coal blending structure: and 4% of coal tar pitch is adopted to replace 4% of lean coal in the original coal blending structure, so as to obtain the adjusted blended coal. The quality of the blended coal is reduced.
S2, adjusting the fineness of the coal as fired: and (5) adjusting the blended coal adjusted in the step S1 by adopting a single-hammer crusher to crush part of the blended coal, so that the fineness of the adjusted blended coal is reduced from 76% to 71%, and the coal as fired with the fineness of 71% is obtained. Thereby increasing the bulk density of the coal as fired.
S3, adjusting the thickness of the furnace door: the original furnace door plate replaced by the reduced furnace door plate is adopted, the reduced furnace door plate comprises a 70mm aluminum silicate rock wool plate, a 50mm calcium silicate plate, a 5mm high-temperature composite asbestos plate and a 60mm furnace door lining brick which are sequentially arranged from a brick groove upwards, the thickness of a furnace door of an original carbonization chamber is changed from 385mm to 325mm, a modified carbonization chamber is obtained, the effective volume in the modified carbonization chamber is increased, the effective length is increased from 15140mm to 15260mm, and the effective volume of a single-hole carbonization chamber is increased from 38.5m3Increased to 38.8m3According to the coal loading density of a top-loading coke oven of 0.78kg/m3And calculating that the increased coal loading amount of the single-hole carbonization chamber is 0.234 ton, the heat insulation effect is better, and the coal as fired obtained in the step S2 is conveyed into the modified carbonization chamber.
S4, adjusting the temperature in the carbonization chamber: for the diameter adjustment of the small hole on the small hole plate in the modified carbonization chamber in the step S3, the diameter of the small hole on the adjusted small hole plate is increased from 15.2mm to 16.2mm, so as to maintain the temperature in the modified carbonization chamber to be more than 1150 ℃. As the bulk density of the coal as fired is increased, the coal as fired needs to be heated more uniformly, so that the coal gas flow is increased by increasing the diameter of the small holes on the small hole plate, the combustion is increased, and the condition that the temperature in the carbonization chamber is modified to reach the coking standard is ensured.
S5, adjusting the coke oven operation time: the operation time of the coke oven is shortened from 10min to 9min, the turnover time of every two groups of coke ovens is coordinated to be 18.5h, the maintenance time of the coke pusher returning to the small stick is adjusted to be increased by 6min, and the maintenance time of the coke pusher returning to the large stick is increased by 16 min. Therefore, under the production condition, the operation effect is very good, one coke pusher is normally overhauled, the production cannot be influenced, and the influence of overhauling equipment on the production is reduced.
Two sets of production furnace process optimizations were performed using the methods of examples 1 to 3, and the production was continued for 12 days, and the weight of the dry base coal amount before the change and the weight of the dry base coal amount after the change of examples 1 to 3 were measured, to obtain the data shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 comparison table of the daily dry base coal quantity before and after changing the bulk density of the blended coal
As can be seen from the data in Table 1 above, the average coke amount after the change is calculated by the data in Table 1, the average coke amount is close to one ton more per furnace than before the change, 280 tons more per day is calculated according to the discharge of 280 furnaces per day, 280/22.5 is approximately equal to 12 furnaces according to the discharge of 22.5 tons per furnace dry basis, which is equivalent to 12 furnaces more per day than before the change, and the production efficiency is obviously improved. The optimization method effectively increases the single-hole coal charging amount of the coke oven mainly by increasing the effective volume of the carbonization chamber, and improves the single-oven efficiency on the premise of ensuring the temperature; meanwhile, the maximum coking production efficiency is kept by adjusting the fineness of the coal as fired, optimizing the coal blending structure and optimizing the operation rhythm, the yield of the coke oven is effectively improved, and the yield can be increased by 10 ten thousand tons every year according to the calculation of the whole year.
In addition, the company also performs actual experimental analysis on the coal tar pitch instead of the lean coal in the original coal blending structure, performs analysis aiming at 2% -5% content adjustment, and detects Coke Reactivity (CRI) after replacement and coke post-reaction strength (CSR), and the specific results are as follows:
table 2 data for coal blending structure to change lean coal to pitch
The lower the Coke Reactivity (CRI) represents better results and the higher the coke post reaction strength (CSR) represents better results, and it can be seen from the data in table 2 that the strength increase is more pronounced when 3% lean coal is replaced with 3% coal pitch.
In addition, after the blended coal is adjusted by the method, the cost of each ton of blended coal is reduced by 20 yuan, and the production cost of enterprises is further reduced.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for increasing the output of a top-loading coke oven is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adjusting a coal blending structure: coal pitch is adopted to replace lean coal in the original coal blending structure to obtain adjusted blended coal;
s2, adjusting the fineness of the coal as fired: crushing the adjusted blended coal in the step S1 to reduce the fineness of the adjusted blended coal from 76% to 71% so as to obtain coal as fired with the fineness of 71%;
s3, adjusting the thickness of the furnace door: reducing the thickness of a furnace door of the original carbonization chamber, so that the thickness of the furnace door of the original carbonization chamber is changed from 385mm to 325mm, thus obtaining a modified carbonization chamber, increasing the effective volume in the modified carbonization chamber, and conveying the coal as fired obtained in the step S2 into the modified carbonization chamber;
s4, adjusting the temperature in the carbonization chamber: maintaining a temperature in the modified carbonization chamber of greater than 1150 ℃ for the adjustment orifice in the modified carbonization chamber in step S3.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the coal blending structure is adjusted to have a coal tar pitch content of 2% to 3% and a lean coal content of 2% to 3%.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the coal blending configuration is adjusted to have a coal tar pitch content of 3% and a lean coal content of 3%.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein said adjusting the fineness of the coal as fired comprises crushing a portion of said adjusted blended coal using a single hammerhead crusher.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the reduced thickness of the door of the primary carbonization chamber is replaced with a reduced door panel comprising a 70mm aluminosilicate rock wool panel, a 50mm silica-calcium panel, a 5mm high temperature composite asbestos panel, and a 60mm door lining brick disposed in sequence from the brick trough upwardly.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the adjusting the orifice plate is an adjustment of the diameter of the orifice in the orifice plate from 15.2mm to 16.2 mm.
7. The method of increasing the throughput of a top loaded coke oven of any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising adjusting the coke oven operating time: the operation time of the coke oven is shortened from 10min to 9min, and the turnover time of every two groups of coke ovens is coordinated to be 18.5 h.
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