CN110894874A - 提供致动机动车辆传动系中的致动器的液压压力的泵单元 - Google Patents

提供致动机动车辆传动系中的致动器的液压压力的泵单元 Download PDF

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CN110894874A
CN110894874A CN201910812593.4A CN201910812593A CN110894874A CN 110894874 A CN110894874 A CN 110894874A CN 201910812593 A CN201910812593 A CN 201910812593A CN 110894874 A CN110894874 A CN 110894874A
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pump unit
solenoid valve
pump
hydraulic fluid
actuator
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CN110894874B (zh
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W.霍伊布纳
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FTE Automotive GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/06—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet
    • F04C15/064—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet with inlet and outlet valves specially adapted for rotary or oscillating piston machines or pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/26—Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
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    • F04C2/00—Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/30—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/34—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C2/344—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C2/3446—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along more than one line or surface
    • F04C2/3447—Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along more than one line or surface the vanes having the form of rollers, slippers or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
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    • F04B23/02—Pumping installations or systems having reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/20—Filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F04C15/00—Component parts, details or accessories of machines, pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C2/00 - F04C14/00
    • F04C15/0096—Heating; Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
    • F15B21/041—Removal or measurement of solid or liquid contamination, e.g. filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
    • F15B21/04—Special measures taken in connection with the properties of the fluid
    • F15B21/042—Controlling the temperature of the fluid
    • F15B21/0427—Heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0402—Cleaning of lubricants, e.g. filters or magnets
    • F16H57/0404—Lubricant filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/0003—Arrangement or mounting of elements of the control apparatus, e.g. valve assemblies or snapfittings of valves; Arrangements of the control unit on or in the transmission gearbox
    • F16H61/0009—Hydraulic control units for transmission control, e.g. assembly of valve plates or valve units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/0021—Generation or control of line pressure
    • F16H61/0025—Supply of control fluid; Pumps therefore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K21/00—Fluid-delivery valves, e.g. self-closing valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/02—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of lift valves
    • F16K27/029—Electromagnetically actuated valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0675—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/08—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid using a permanent magnet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K49/00—Means in or on valves for heating or cooling
    • F16K49/005—Circulation means for a separate heat transfer fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2210/00—Fluid
    • F04C2210/20—Fluid liquid, i.e. incompressible
    • F04C2210/206—Oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/30—Casings or housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/80—Other components
    • F04C2240/809—Lubricant sump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
    • F05B2210/10—Kind or type
    • F05B2210/11—Kind or type liquid, i.e. incompressible
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/0021—Generation or control of line pressure
    • F16H2061/0037—Generation or control of line pressure characterised by controlled fluid supply to lubrication circuits of the gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
    • F16H61/12—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures
    • F16H2061/1256—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures characterised by the parts or units where malfunctioning was assumed or detected
    • F16H2061/126—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures characterised by the parts or units where malfunctioning was assumed or detected the failing part is the controller
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  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种泵单元，用于提供用于致动机动车辆的传动系中的致动器的液压压力，所述致动器特别是离合器致动器或变速箱致动器，所述泵单元具有泵(2)、用于液压流体的储存容器(6)和至少一个电磁阀(4)，其特征在于，所述电磁阀(4)设置在所述储存容器(6)内，使得所述电磁阀被液压流体围绕。

Description

提供致动机动车辆传动系中的致动器的液压压力的泵单元
技术领域
本发明涉及用于提供用于致动机动车辆的传动系中的致动器的液压压力的泵单元，所述致动器特别是离合致动器或变速箱致动器，所述泵单元具有泵、用于液压流体的储存容器和至少一个电磁阀。
背景技术
泵单元用于提供液压压力，该液压压力通过电磁阀的启动被控制或调节。液压压力可用于在打开和闭合位置之间切换离合器，或者在变速箱致动器的情况下，用于切换特定的齿轮级。
发明内容
本发明的目的是改进这种类型的泵单元。
为了实现该目的，在开头所述类型的泵单元的情况下，根据本发明提供了电磁阀布置在储存容器内并且因此其被液压流体包围。通过这种方式，电磁阀非常容易受到保护以免于环境影响和腐蚀。此外，电磁阀可以通过液压流体冷却。在冷起动的情况下，电磁阀可用于加热液压流体。电磁阀在储存容器内的定位导致阀和储存容器之间的极短路径，因此获得了良好的反应时间和低动态压力损失。
电磁阀优选地具有由壳体包围的线圈，其中在线圈和壳体之间设置有填充有液压流体的优选地环形的自由空间。如果不仅电磁阀被外部的液压流体围绕冲洗，而且线圈也直接被液压流体冲洗，则这导致电磁阀和液压流体之间的更好的热传递。
根据本发明的一个改进方案，设置为电磁阀具有返回出口，该返回出口通入壳体内。这确保了自由空间不是“死体积”，而是始终被液压流体冲洗。
根据本发明的一个改进方案，电磁阀具有电枢，其中在电枢和围绕电枢的线圈之间存在轴承间隙，轴承间隙在电枢的轴向长度的至少50％上延伸，其中轴承间隙填充有液压流体。通过电枢也被液压流体冲洗，始终出现可预见的阻尼特性。
电磁阀优选地是比例阀，因此可以非常精确地控制泵单元的压力出口处的液压压力。
电磁阀优选直接附接到泵的泵壳体，从而产生具有短路径的非常紧凑的设计。
附图说明
下面将参考附图中所示的实施例来描述本发明。在附图中：
图1以透视图示出了泵单元；
图2以透视分解图示出了图1中的泵单元；
图3以侧视图示出了图1中的泵单元；
图4以第一剖视图示出了图3中的泵单元；
图5以第二剖视图示出了图3中的泵单元；
图6示出了泵单元的液压回路图；
图7示出了图6的回路图，其中示出了针对两种不同操作状态的液压流；
图8示出了图6的回路图，其中示出了另一个操作状态；
图9示出了图6的回路图，其中添加了泵单元中使用的过滤器；
图10示出了用于泵单元中的储存容器的侧视图；
图11示出了储存容器的替代配置的局部视图；
图12显示了储存容器内各个体积部的示意图；
图13表示泵单元中使用的电磁阀的剖视图；
图14示出了图13中的电磁阀，其中在操作期间已经吸入流体流；
图15示出了泵单元的剖视图，其中示出了导体元件，其用于在压力传感器和印刷电路板之间传输信号；
图16以透视图示出了图15中的导体元件；
图17以纵截面示出了图16中的导体元件；
图18以横截面示出了图16中的导体元件；
图19示出了导体元件的变型实施例；
图20示出了压力传感器的接触连接的细节；
图21示出了泵单元的泵的横截面。
具体实施方式
附图示出了泵单元，其用于提供液压压力(以及液压流体流)，该液压压力可以通过机动车辆的传动系中的致动器转换成致动行程。例如，致动行程可用于闭合或打开离合器，或者可用于切换变速箱的齿轮级或将其带入空档位置。
作为基本部件(具体参见图1和2)，泵单元具有容纳在共同的壳体中的驱动马达1、泵2、电子控制***3、两个电磁阀4、两个压力传感器5，并具有储存容器6。
泵单元的中心部件是泵壳体7，电磁阀4安装在泵壳体7上，储存容器6也安装在泵壳体7上。压力传感器5也安装在泵壳体7上。
在与储存容器6相对的一侧，电子壳体8安装在泵壳体7上，所述电子壳体首先容纳电子控制***3，其次容纳电动马达1的定子。盖子9安装在电子壳体8上，盖子闭合电子控制***3并用于将从电子控制***3损失的热量散发到环境中。
如图4和5所示，电磁阀2布置在储存容器6内。
电动马达1是无刷电动马达，泵2由该电动马达驱动。
泵2是旋转叶片泵(参见图21)，其具有转子10，转子10带有多个腔室12，在每个腔室中布置有旋转叶片元件14。旋转叶片元件14是柱形辊子。因此泵是辊子叶片泵。
柱形辊子在定子16的内轮廓上滚动，这限定了在圆周方向上可变的体积。因此，在转子10旋转360°期间，每个旋转叶片元件两次通过一系列进入区域A和压力区域D。因此，泵具有两个抽吸接头和两个压力出口。
由于泵2的两个独立的压力出口D，泵单元同样具有两个彼此独立的压力出口20。
泵由所有部件对称地构造，下面将对每个压力出口进行说明。因此，当例如下面描述“电磁阀”时，这适用于两个电磁阀，因为对于每个压力出口都有一个电磁阀。
现在将参考图6至8解释泵单元的基本操作。
泵单元具有两个压力出口20，经由这两个压力出口提供液压压力，液压压力由泵单元产生，用于致动致动器。
止回阀22布置在泵2的每个压力出口D的下游。止回阀22具有由橡胶制成的阀座。
电磁阀4的入口24位于止回阀22的出口的下游。根据所期望的压力和在压力传感器5处测量的实际压力，每个电磁阀4以这样的方式启动，即在泵单元的压力出口20处存在所期望的液压压力。过量的液压流体通过返回线路26直接被传导回到储存容器6中。
电磁阀4设计为比例阀，并且设计为阀元件，其具有球，该球与阀座一起确保电磁阀4在关闭状态下不会泄漏。
图7的右侧示出了在不打算在右压力出口20处提供液压压力的状态下的流体流。
所有的液压流体经由返回线路26从电磁阀4中的泵2的压力出口D泵回到储存容器6中；因此泵在回路中操作。
图7的左侧示出了在泵单元的压力出口20处提供经调节的液压压力的状态。在这种情况下，电磁阀4由电子控制***3启动，使得实际压力对应于所期望的压力。
图8示出了处于泵2已经停止的状态的泵单元。右侧的电磁阀4打开，因此右压力出口20没有压力。
相反，由于电磁阀4完全关闭，左压力出口20被关闭。因此，即使泵2未进一步操作，也将保持在压力出口20下游建立的液压压力。
现在将参考图9解释在泵单元内使用的过滤器。
将杂质保持远离泵单元的概念的基本特征是不使用吸入侧过滤器；所有过滤器都布置在压力侧。因此，泵直接从储存容器6吸入。
第一过滤器30位于泵2的对应压力出口的下游。所述过滤器用于在所述杂质转移到电磁阀4之前从液压流体中滤除杂质。由于大部分液压流体通过泵2传导到电磁阀4并且从那里经由返回线路26传导到储存容器6，因此两个过滤器30确保杂质因为液压流体的内部流通而从液压流体中连续地滤除。
第二过滤器32设置在电磁阀4的下游，但仍在压力出口20的上游。所述过滤器防止杂质能够被引入泵单元中。所述杂质尤其是线路的和致动器的原始污物和来自致动器的磨损，液压流体由泵单元提供到所述线路和致动器。
过滤器30、32构造成在泵单元的整个使用寿命期间有效，而不必清洁或更换。
在所述的示例性实施例中，它们具有65mm2的数量级的横截面。它们的网眼宽度为0.1mm的数量级。
储存容器6设置有填充过滤器34，该填充过滤器34布置成使得经由填充开口33填充到储存容器6中的任何液压流体必须流过填充过滤器34。
在所述示例性实施例中，填充过滤器34具有0.3mm数量级的网眼宽度，其中构成所述填充过滤器的材料具有0.2mm数量级的直径。填充过滤器34确保没有杂质从外部引入储存容器6中。
储存容器6被分成两个腔室40、42，其中通向泵2的抽吸接头A的进入开口44布置在每个腔室40、42中。通过将储存容器6的内部体积分成两个单独的腔室40、42，确保每当液压回路中的一个具有泄漏时，一定的剩余体积在另一个液压回路中仍然可用，这样，无缺陷的液压回路可以继续操作一段时间。
因此，例如，驾驶员在接收到关于第一液压回路的故障的警告之后仍然可以安全地将车辆驾驶到停车舱或停车位中，因为例如在双离合器变速箱的情况下，离合器和与之相关的变速箱切换级仍然能够操作。
为了将储存容器6分成两个腔室40、42，可以使用基本上水平延伸的、具有垂直延伸的端壁48的隔板46(见图10)，或基本上垂直延伸的隔板50(见图11)。
每个腔室40、42具有死体积T，其对应于对应的进入开口44下方的体积。工作体积W位于死体积上方。所述工作体积W由端壁48的或隔板50的最上边缘确定。公共工作体积GW位于工作体积W的上方。
每当公共工作体积GW降至零并且每个液压回路仍仅从其自身的工作体积W吸入时，液压回路彼此分离。
如从图2、4和5中已知的那样，电磁阀4布置在储存容器6内。电磁阀在此在每种情况中布置在腔室40、42中。
每个电磁阀4具有壳体60(见图13)，壳体60围绕电磁阀4的部件。
电磁阀4具有止回阀62、阀座64、阀元件66、电枢68和线圈70。液压流体经由进口72(参见图14)流到泵单元的压力出口20或者经由阀座64和阀元件66之间的开口截面流到返回线路26。
特定的特征在于到返回线路26的路径通过壳体60的内部。电磁阀的对应的返回输出67在图14中由垂直向下指的箭头表示，返回输出开始于阀座后面并且通向壳体60内的空间中。
通过电磁阀4的返回输出的这种布置，在壳体60和线圈70之间存在的环绕的、特别是环形的自由空间74由液压流体涌过。
这里集成在电磁阀4中的止回阀62对应于图6至9中所示的止回阀22。
另一个特定的特征在于，在电枢68和***线圈70中和电磁阀壳体中的轴承76之间存在的轴承间隙同样由液压流体涌过。
电磁阀4的另一个特定特征在于它是自清洁的，因为通向返回线路26的路径从打开的阀座和阀元件中去除任何颗粒。
现在将参考图15至20解释压力传感器5如何连接到电子控制***3。
虽然在图1和2的实施例中，仍然使用电缆用于此目的，但是在根据图15至20的配置的情况下，使用两个固有稳定的导体元件80。每个导体元件80包含三个电导体，其由例如弹簧青铜构成。导体82用塑料包住，特别是用塑料嵌入模制，从而形成导体元件80。
导体82在其面向压力传感器5的一侧弯曲几乎180°，从而形成弹簧触点86。后者用于以弹簧弹性的方式抵靠与压力传感器接触的对应连接触点，从而产生电接触(见图20)。
压力传感器5通过各种密封件114而在背离导体元件80的一侧上密封。
在相反端，电导体82设计为接触插脚88，其可***印刷电路板90上的插座中，电子控制***3构造在印刷电路板90上。
导体元件80从印刷电路板90延伸穿过电子壳体8中的穿通部92并进入泵壳体7中的接收部94中。导体元件80相对于穿通部92和相对于接收部94密封。为此目的，提供两个密封件96、98，其在穿通部92内提供密封，并且提供密封件100，其提供相对于接收部94的密封。
密封件96、98、100是O形环，其容纳在设置在导体元件80上的对应的接收槽102、104、106中。
在图19所示的变型实施例中，总共使用四个用于密封件的接收部。
导体元件80设置有通道110，通道110沿着导体元件80的纵向方向延伸，具体地从布置在接收部94中的一侧(即，分配给压力传感器5的一侧)通到密封件96和98之间的凹槽112中，即在穿通部92内。
通道110用于以很少的成本检查两个导体元件80是否正确安装，特别是密封件96、98、100是否以期望的方式提供密封。
通过在压力传感器的区域中施加负压来进行测试。在短暂的稳定时间之后，可以测量所施加的负压是否保持恒定或者压力是否升高。
如果压力保持恒定，这意味着所有密封件都以所期望的方式提供密封。如果负压变低，则这意味着至少一个密封件没有正确地提供密封。这可能是密封件96，并且因此空气被从印刷电路板90的区域吸出进入穿通部92中并且经由凹槽112被进入通道110中。这也可能意味着密封件98不提供密封，因此环境空气从穿通部92和接收部94之间的区域朝向凹槽112被吸出。最后，这可能意味着密封件100没有提供密封，因此环境空气通过接收部94朝向压力传感器5的区域被抽吸。

Claims (7)

1.一种泵单元，用于提供用于致动机动车辆的传动系中的致动器的液压压力，所述致动器特别是离合器致动器或变速箱致动器，所述泵单元具有泵(2)、用于液压流体的储存容器(6)和至少一个电磁阀(4)，其特征在于，所述电磁阀(4)设置在所述储存容器(6)内，使得所述电磁阀被液压流体围绕。
2.根据权利要求1所述的泵单元，其特征在于，所述电磁阀(4)具有由壳体包围的线圈(70)，其中在所述线圈(70)和所述壳体(60)之间设置有填充有液压流体的自由空间(74)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的泵单元，其特征在于，所述自由空间(74)是环形的。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的泵单元，其特征在于，所述电磁阀(4)具有通向所述壳体(60)内的返回输出。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的泵单元，其特征在于，所述电磁阀具有电枢(68)，其中，在所述电枢和围绕所述电枢的线圈(70)之间存在轴承间隙，所述轴承间隙在所述电枢(68)的轴向长度的至少50％上延伸，并且其中，所述轴承间隙填充有液压流体。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的泵单元，其特征在于，所述电磁阀(4)是比例阀。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的泵单元，其特征在于，所述电磁阀(4)直接附接在所述泵(2)的泵壳体(7)上。
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