CN110894350A - 一种新型发泡材料及其生产工艺 - Google Patents

一种新型发泡材料及其生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN110894350A
CN110894350A CN201911335105.1A CN201911335105A CN110894350A CN 110894350 A CN110894350 A CN 110894350A CN 201911335105 A CN201911335105 A CN 201911335105A CN 110894350 A CN110894350 A CN 110894350A
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screw
novel
screw extruder
foaming
stirring
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李臣
朱晨
秦凯
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Changzhou Huahang Packaging Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型发泡材料及其生产工艺，包括如下组成成分：聚苯乙烯：10～50%；聚苯醚：20～60%；聚乙烯：5～20%；乙烯‑醋酸乙烯共聚物：5～20%；无机材料：余量；上述的百分比为质量百分比。本发明的发泡材料主要用于SPC地板和其他地板的静音垫，具有耐温冲击韧性、泡孔细腻均匀、弹性高、柔韧性强、环保、抗菌防霉功能、优异的表面粘合性、质轻硬度高、性价比高的特点。

Description

一种新型发泡材料及其生产工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新型发泡材料及其生产工艺，属于高分子材料技术领域。
背景技术
聚乙烯(PE)泡沫塑料是密度小，低温性能和抗化学腐蚀性能良好，且具有一定的物理性能和力学强度的材料，因此可用于日用制品、精密仪器包装材料、保暖材料、水上漂浮材料以及代替天然木材等方面，其应用面非常广泛，发展也很迅速。聚乙烯属于聚烯烃塑料，特点是结晶高，在未达到结晶熔融温度以前，树脂几乎不能流动，而达到熔融温度后，整个聚合物的熔融黏度急剧下降，使发泡过程中产生的气泡很难保持。
聚乙烯(PE)泡沫塑料广泛应用于地板的静音垫领域，PE发泡具有质轻、无毒、无臭，吸水性好等优点，但是普通PE发泡材料存在刚性和强度较差，闭孔结构粗糙、防水和防霉功能相对较差，这限制了PE发泡在一些领域的应用。
发明内容
为了克服上述不足，本发明提供了样子偶很新型的发泡材料及其生产工艺。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种新型发泡材料，包括如下组成成分：
聚苯乙烯 10～50%
聚苯醚 20～60%
聚乙烯 5～20%
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物 5～20%
无机材料 余量
上述的百分比为质量百分比。
优选地，上述聚苯乙烯采用耐冲击聚苯乙烯。
优选地，上述聚乙烯采用低密度聚乙烯。
优选地，上述无机材料为二氧化硅。
一种新型发泡材料的生产工艺，包括如下步骤：
（1）、搅拌混料
将权利要求1所述的组成成分的物料放入搅拌***搅拌；搅拌的转速为60～120转/分；
（2）、第一次挤塑
物料进入第一部螺杆挤出机熔融推进；物料挤出过程中在螺杆混炼区前通过计量泵注入发泡剂以便让物料、发泡剂、成核剂充分混炼，所述物料、成核剂、发泡剂比例为90～96%、0.2～2%、3～8%，上述比例为质量百分比；
熔融混炼的温度控制在170～220℃内，逐渐升高；
（4）、第二次挤塑
将步骤（2）混炼好的物料在螺筒中通过强行挤压穿过过滤***和连接***进入第二部螺杆挤出机，第二部螺杆挤出机通过水循环或油循环***冷却螺筒或螺杆以达到物料在螺筒内的低温塑化的目的；物料在第二部螺杆挤出机的螺筒内的冷却温度逐次降低，冷却塑化自150～95℃逐渐降低；物料经第二部螺杆挤出机的冷却塑化后经压缩流道进入圆形模口挤出；
（5）、挤出的发泡物料经内外风装置和定型冷却装置凝固泡孔结构；
（6）、定型冷却装置分开片材后经牵引。
优选地，上述成核剂为滑石粉。
优选地，上述发泡剂为丁烷、氟利昂、二氧化碳、二甲醚中的一种。
本发明所达到的有益效果：
上述的发泡材料主要用于SPC地板和其他地板的静音垫，主要具有如下特性：
1、出色的耐温冲击韧性。
2、出色的材料硬度(50-60)邵氏硬度。
3、闭孔结构，泡孔细腻均匀，弹性高，表面光滑。
4、优异的环境柔韧性，长时间存放不会产生脆性。
5、所用材料全部符合FDA相关标准，环保100%可以回收。
6、防水、静音回弹，还有抗菌防霉功能。
7、优异的表面粘合性，可以与任何地板粘合，可与PE、PS、PP等薄膜直接热粘合。
8、和SPC地板粘合最大效果的保护锁扣,质轻硬度高是目前SPC地板铺贴最完美的材料之一。
9、性价比高比其他静音垫节省30%左右。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1：
一种发泡材料，生产工艺如下：
（1）、搅拌混料
准备物料，物料配比如下（质量比）：
耐冲击聚苯乙烯 10%
聚苯醚 60%
低密度聚乙烯 20%
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物 15%
二氧化硅 5%
将上述的组成成分的物料放入搅拌***搅拌；搅拌的转速为60转/分；
（2）、第一次挤塑
物料进入第一部螺杆挤出机熔融推进；物料挤出过程中在螺杆混炼区前通过计量泵注入发泡剂以便让物料、滑石粉、丁烷充分混炼，所述物料、滑石粉、丁烷比例为90%、2%、8%，上述比例为质量百分比；
熔融混炼的温度控制在170～220℃内，逐渐升高；
（4）、第二次挤塑
将步骤（2）混炼好的物料在螺筒中通过强行挤压穿过过滤***和连接***进入第二部螺杆挤出机，第二部螺杆挤出机通过水循环或油循环***冷却螺筒或螺杆以达到物料在螺筒内的低温塑化的目的；物料在第二部螺杆挤出机的螺筒内的冷却温度逐次降低，冷却塑化自150～95℃逐渐降低；物料经第二部螺杆挤出机的冷却塑化后经压缩流道进入圆形模口挤出；
（5）、挤出的发泡物料经内外风装置和定型冷却装置凝固泡孔结构；
（6）、定型冷却装置分开片材后经牵引。
形成的产品规格： 1、0.8—4mm卷材（厚度）
2、100-1500mm(宽度)
3、100-400m(长度)
实施例2：
一种发泡材料，生产工艺如下：
（1）、搅拌混料
准备物料，物料配比如下（质量比）：
耐冲击聚苯乙烯 30%
聚苯醚 40%
低密度聚乙烯 10%
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物 10%
二氧化硅 10%
将上述的组成成分的物料放入搅拌***搅拌；搅拌的转速为60转/分；
（2）、第一次挤塑
物料进入第一部螺杆挤出机熔融推进；物料挤出过程中在螺杆混炼区前通过计量泵注入发泡剂以便让物料、滑石粉、氟利昂充分混炼，所述物料、滑石粉、氟利昂比例为94.5%、0.5%、5%，上述比例为质量百分比；
熔融混炼的温度控制在170～220℃内，逐渐升高；
（4）、第二次挤塑
将步骤（2）混炼好的物料在螺筒中通过强行挤压穿过过滤***和连接***进入第二部螺杆挤出机，第二部螺杆挤出机通过水循环或油循环***冷却螺筒或螺杆以达到物料在螺筒内的低温塑化的目的；物料在第二部螺杆挤出机的螺筒内的冷却温度逐次降低，冷却塑化自150～95℃逐渐降低；物料经第二部螺杆挤出机的冷却塑化后经压缩流道进入圆形模口挤出；
（5）、挤出的发泡物料经内外风装置和定型冷却装置凝固泡孔结构；
（6）、定型冷却装置分开片材后经牵引。
形成的产品规格： 1、0.8—4mm卷材（厚度）
2、100-1500mm(宽度)
3、100-400m(长度)
实施例3：
一种发泡材料，生产工艺如下：
（1）、搅拌混料
准备物料，物料配比如下（质量比）：
耐冲击聚苯乙烯 30%
聚苯醚 35%
低密度聚乙烯 15%
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物 15%
二氧化硅 5%
将上述的组成成分的物料放入搅拌***搅拌；搅拌的转速为60转/分；
（2）、第一次挤塑
物料进入第一部螺杆挤出机熔融推进；物料挤出过程中在螺杆混炼区前通过计量泵注入发泡剂以便让物料、滑石粉、二甲醚充分混炼，所述物料、滑石粉、二甲醚比例为96%、1%、3%，上述比例为质量百分比；
熔融混炼的温度控制在170～220℃内，逐渐升高；
（4）、第二次挤塑
将步骤（2）混炼好的物料在螺筒中通过强行挤压穿过过滤***和连接***进入第二部螺杆挤出机，第二部螺杆挤出机通过水循环或油循环***冷却螺筒或螺杆以达到物料在螺筒内的低温塑化的目的；物料在第二部螺杆挤出机的螺筒内的冷却温度逐次降低，冷却塑化自150～95℃逐渐降低；物料经第二部螺杆挤出机的冷却塑化后经压缩流道进入圆形模口挤出；
（5）、挤出的发泡物料经内外风装置和定型冷却装置凝固泡孔结构；
（6）、定型冷却装置分开片材后经牵引。
形成的产品规格： 1、0.8—4mm卷材（厚度）
2、100-1500mm(宽度)
3、100-400m(长度)。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变形，这些改进和变形也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1. 一种新型发泡材料，其特征在于包括如下组成成分：
聚苯乙烯 10～50%
聚苯醚 20～60%
聚乙烯 5～20%
乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物 5～20%
无机材料 余量
上述的百分比为质量百分比。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型发泡材料，其特征在于所述聚苯乙烯采用耐冲击聚苯乙烯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型发泡材料，其特征在于所述聚乙烯采用低密度聚乙烯。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型发泡材料，其特征在于所述无机材料为二氧化硅。
5. 一种新型发泡材料的生产工艺，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
（1）、搅拌混料
将权利要求1所述的组成成分的物料放入搅拌***搅拌；搅拌的转速为60～120转/分；
（2）、第一次挤塑
物料进入第一部螺杆挤出机熔融推进；物料挤出过程中在螺杆混炼区前通过计量泵注入发泡剂以便让物料、发泡剂、成核剂充分混炼，所述物料、成核剂、发泡剂比例为90～96%、0.2～2%、3～8%，上述比例为质量百分比；
熔融混炼的温度控制在170～220℃内，逐渐升高；
（4）、第二次挤塑
将步骤（2）混炼好的物料在螺筒中通过强行挤压穿过过滤***和连接***进入第二部螺杆挤出机，第二部螺杆挤出机通过水循环或油循环***冷却螺筒或螺杆以达到物料在螺筒内的低温塑化的目的；物料在第二部螺杆挤出机的螺筒内的冷却温度逐次降低，冷却塑化自150～95℃逐渐降低；物料经第二部螺杆挤出机的冷却塑化后经压缩流道进入圆形模口挤出；
（5）、挤出的发泡物料经内外风装置和定型冷却装置凝固泡孔结构；
（6）、定型冷却装置分开片材后经牵引。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种新型发泡材料的生产工艺，其特征在于所述成核剂为滑石粉。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种新型发泡材料的生产工艺，其特征在于所述发泡剂为丁烷、氟利昂、二氧化碳、二甲醚中的一种。
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