CN110894138A - 一种环保汽车玻璃 - Google Patents
一种环保汽车玻璃 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110894138A CN110894138A CN201910094050.3A CN201910094050A CN110894138A CN 110894138 A CN110894138 A CN 110894138A CN 201910094050 A CN201910094050 A CN 201910094050A CN 110894138 A CN110894138 A CN 110894138A
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- layer
- thin film
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- titanium dioxide
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 6
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037386 Typhoid Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000867 larynx Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 201000008297 typhoid fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及玻璃技术领域,更具体地,涉及一种环保汽车玻璃。依次包括基底层、过渡层以及导电功能层;所述的过渡层为二氧化硅层或者氮化硅层;所述的导电功能层为掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层;或者,所述的导电功能层为掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层与ITO薄膜层组成的复合层,ITO薄膜层位于过渡层和掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层之间。本发明提供的一种环保汽车玻璃,结构简单,制备过程简单方便,生产成本低,功能强大。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及玻璃技术领域,更具体地,涉及一种环保汽车玻璃。
背景技术
在现有技术中,为了防止外线或者挡光等,大部分均是在玻璃表面贴防嗮膜或者喷涂一层油漆,汽车玻璃与人的接触面若是塑料膜或油漆,暴晒的情况下会产生有机物挥发,汽车空间狭小且封闭,挥发的有机物很难排除,严重影响汽车室内的空间环境;另外,在封闭的情况下,汽车室内也易于病菌的滋生。
发明内容
本发明为克服上述现有技术所述的至少一种缺陷,提供一种环保汽车玻璃。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种环保汽车玻璃,依次包括基底层、过渡层以及导电功能层;所述的过渡层为二氧化硅层或者氮化硅层;所述的导电功能层为掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层;或者,所述的导电功能层为掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层与ITO薄膜层组成的复合层,ITO薄膜层位于过渡层和掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层之间。
需要说明的是,本发明提供的环保汽车玻璃,其关键在于掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层,不限于上述结构,该汽车玻璃可以是由基底层和带电功能层组成,可以没有中间的过渡层。且,本发明提供的玻璃不仅仅可以应用于汽车,还可以用于其他需要玻璃的场合,如门窗玻璃等。
进一步的,所述的掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层所掺杂的材料为镁、钌、铌、钽、钙、锌、钯、铑、锡、硒、镓、铟、铜、钡、镉、钼、钒、钪、锆、铪、铬、硼、氮中的一种或任意几种的组合。
掺杂二氧化钛层为高导电二氧化钛透明薄膜,具备特性包括,方块电阻范围1Ω/□~1000Ω/□,透光率30%~90%,莫氏硬度4~8。
进一步的,所述的掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层所掺杂的金属与钛的比例为摩尔比 0.1%~20%,混掺金属之间的比例为任意比,非金属掺杂物的比例为任意比。
作为优选地,所述的掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层的厚度为20nm~500nm。
作为优选地,所述的ITO薄膜层的厚度为20nm~200nm。
作为优选地,所述的过渡层的厚度为5nm~100nm。
进一步的,所述的基底层为玻璃、石英、聚酰亚胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或聚碳酸酯。
本发明还提供一种环保汽车玻璃的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.在玻璃上溅射制备5nm~100nm二氧化硅层或者氮化硅层,形成稳定的过渡层,提高后续层镀薄膜的附着力;
S2.在过渡层上继续溅射20nm~200nm的ITO薄膜层,增加电导性能;
S3.在ITO薄膜层上溅射20nm~500nm的掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层;
S4.镀膜结晶后对其进行热处理,热处理的温度为100℃~500℃,热处理的气氛为惰性或者弱还原气氛。
在本发明中,NTO(TiO2:Nb)汽车玻璃具有独特的健康、环保优势,可以创造出友好的车内环境。NTO汽车玻璃在紫外线照射或者通电的情况下,具有以下效果:
一.净化空气
1.去除甲醛等有机污染;
2.NO3-等城市空气主要无机污染;
3.产生氧负离子。
二.杀菌/病毒
1.对绝大多数细菌和病毒具备灭杀效果,如大肠杆菌、伤寒菌、白喉菌等;
2.灭菌快,常温下Ag灭菌需要24小时,TiO2只要1小时;
3.无损耗,Ag灭菌会污染表面,TiO2灭菌无损耗。
此外,NTO玻璃兼具阻挡紫外线、降低红外线辐射,可见光波段下通过玻璃制备工艺的调节,可以制备出40%~80%透过率不同的产品;而且可以选择波段透过,即透过最敏感的可见光波段,不影响视线,同时截止紫外线,降低红外线透过。所以NTO玻璃性能优于现有贴膜,使用NTO玻璃,汽车玻璃不需要额外贴膜,从而消除贴膜塑料制品,去除贴膜成本。
第三,NTO玻璃具备高导电特性,可以整面玻璃均匀加热,特别适合北方地区除雾、除霜。值得注意的是,加热的同时,可以实现前述的净化空气和杀菌功能。
第四,NTO玻璃耐酸碱,硬度大(莫氏硬度6~7,汽车玻璃7,常见的 ITO导电玻璃5),成本低(估算裸片70元/平米,组件100元/平米),非常适合汽车玻璃的性能与成本的要求,有望成为下一代功能性汽车玻璃。
由于NTO玻璃在太阳光下,或者加电的情况下,可以实现即时除菌、杀毒,所以汽车停在太阳下暴晒;或者在北方地区秋冬春季启动时,加热玻璃除霜的过程中,NTO汽车玻璃都在除菌、杀毒,维护汽车内的健康环境。
与现有技术相比,有益效果是:本发明提供的一种环保汽车玻璃,结构简单,制备过程简单方便,生产成本低,功能强大。
附图说明
图1本发明玻璃的结构示意图。
图2是本发明实施例1高结晶度的掺杂TiO2薄膜的截面微观SEM照片。
图3是本发明实施例1高结晶度的掺杂TiO2薄膜的XRD图。
图4是本发明实施例1掺杂TiO2导电玻璃的电阻特性和载流子浓度与温度关系。
图5是本发明实施例1掺杂TiO2导电玻璃的透光谱。
图6是本发明实施例1掺杂TiO2导电玻璃加电实验,在20V电压下,1 分钟内玻璃加热到70℃以上的测试结果。
图7是本发明实施例1掺杂TiO2导电玻璃加电下光触媒演示实验,涂覆的罗丹明b膜随时间被完全分解。
具体实施方式
附图仅用于示例性说明,不能理解为对本发明的限制;为了更好说明本实施例,附图某些部件会有省略、放大或缩小,并不代表实际产品的尺寸;对于本领域技术人员来说,附图中某些公知结构及其说明可能省略是可以理解的。附图中描述位置关系仅用于示例性说明,不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例1:
本例以溅射法制备汽车玻璃复合层,具体制备方法如下。
(1)汽车玻璃清洗:汽车玻璃为防爆玻璃,采用玻璃清洗液浸泡10分钟,利用高压水枪冲刷5分钟,空***吹干,放置烘干炉105℃下30分钟,准备后续镀膜。
(2)二氧化硅层的制备:采用射频溅射方法,靶材为二氧化硅,溅射腔体本底真空2×10-4Pa,通入氮气,腔体真空调至1Pa,打开射频电源,功率设置为15W,溅射20nm二氧化硅薄膜。
(3)ITO薄膜的制备:采用直流溅射方法,靶材为ITO,溅射腔体本底真空2×10-4Pa,通入氮气,腔体真空调至1Pa,打开直流电源,功率设置为50W,溅射50nm ITO薄膜。
(4)掺杂二氧化钛薄膜的制备:采用直流溅射方法,靶材为铌掺杂二氧化钛,溅射腔体本底真空2×10-4Pa,通入氮气,腔体真空调至1Pa,打开直流电源,功率设置为30W,溅射200nm TiO2:Nb(NTO)薄膜。NTO薄膜置于氮气/5%氢气弱还原气氛下,350℃退火30分钟后,获得高导电的汽车玻璃产品。
通过扫描电镜SEM照片,直接观察到高度结晶的NTO膜,结晶性良好的 NTO择优性能好,柱状晶晶粒大,如图1所示。采用X射线衍射对NTO薄膜进行检测,如图2所示,本例制备的NTO薄膜,其晶型为锐钛矿。通过电阻仪测试,NTO膜方块电阻小于30Ω/□,载流子浓度达到1020cm3,如图3所示。通过透射光谱仪获得大于80%的透光率,如图4所示。NTO膜加电实验,在20 V电压下,1分钟内玻璃加热到70℃以上,如图5所示。NTO膜的光触媒实验,加电情况下30分钟内去除0.5mm厚的罗丹明薄膜,如图6所示。
显然,本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例,而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种环保汽车玻璃,其特征在于,依次包括基底层、过渡层以及导电功能层;所述的过渡层为二氧化硅层或者氮化硅层;所述的导电功能层为掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层;或者,所述的导电功能层为掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层与ITO薄膜层组成的复合层,ITO薄膜层位于过渡层和掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保汽车玻璃,其特征在于,所述的掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层所掺杂的材料为镁、钌、铌、钽、钙、锌、钯、铑、锡、硒、镓、铟、铜、钡、镉、钼、钒、钪、锆、铪、铬、硼、氮中的一种或任意几种的组合。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种环保汽车玻璃,其特征在于,所述的掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层所掺杂的金属与钛的比例为摩尔比0.1%~20%,混掺金属之间的比例为任意比,非金属掺杂物的比例为任意比。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种环保汽车玻璃,其特征在于,所述的掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层的厚度为20nm~500nm。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种环保汽车玻璃,其特征在于,所述的ITO薄膜层的厚度为20nm~200nm。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种环保汽车玻璃,其特征在于,所述的过渡层的厚度为5nm~100nm。
7.根据权利要求2至6任一项所述的一种环保汽车玻璃,其特征在于,所述的基底层为玻璃、石英、聚酰亚胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或聚碳酸酯。
8.一种环保汽车玻璃的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1.在玻璃上溅射制备5nm~100nm二氧化硅层或者氮化硅层,形成稳定的过渡层;
S2.在过渡层上继续溅射20nm~200nm的ITO薄膜层;
S3.在ITO薄膜层上溅射20nm~500nm的掺杂二氧化钛薄膜层;
S4.镀膜结晶后对其进行热处理,热处理的温度为100℃~500℃,热处理的气氛为惰性或者弱还原气氛。
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