CN110890613A - Ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner Download PDFInfo
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- CN110890613A CN110890613A CN201910327478.8A CN201910327478A CN110890613A CN 110890613 A CN110890613 A CN 110890613A CN 201910327478 A CN201910327478 A CN 201910327478A CN 110890613 A CN110890613 A CN 110890613A
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner. The synthesizer includes: the probe comprises a coaxial line output structure, a coaxial line-radial waveguide transition structure and a plurality of ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structures; the coaxial line-radial waveguide transition structure comprises an upper disc, a lower disc and a frustum; the coaxial line output structure, the upper disc, the frustum and the lower disc are coaxially arranged; the frustum is positioned between the upper disc and the lower disc and is fixed on the lower disc; the ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structure comprises an upper ridge probe and a lower ridge probe which are arranged up and down correspondingly; a plurality of upper ridge probes are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the upper disc along the radial direction, and each upper ridge probe is connected with the edge of the upper disc; the lower ridge probes are uniformly distributed around the lower disc along the radial direction, and each lower ridge probe is connected with the edge of the lower disc; the bottom end of the coaxial line output structure is fixed on the frustum; a round hole is formed in the center of the upper disc, and the coaxial line output structure penetrates through the round hole and is connected with the round hole. The synthesizer of the invention can realize the over-time frequency range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwave and millimeter wave, in particular to an ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner.
Background
In recent years, microwave and millimeter wave solid-state power amplifiers are widely applied in the fields of wireless communication, instrument measurement and electronic countermeasure by virtue of small size, light weight and high reliability; although the performance of the microwave power device of the third generation wide bandgap compound semiconductor GaN and GaAs is continuously improved, the single chip has high working frequency, wide working frequency band and large output power. However, in a high-power microwave system, the output power of a single power amplifier chip obviously cannot meet the power requirement of the system. Therefore, it is a necessary way to realize a high-power solid-state system at the present stage to adopt a solid-state power amplifier chip as a unit circuit and a low-loss power divider/synthesizer as a synthesis network and to improve the output power by using a power synthesis technology.
The method is divided according to a synthesis mode, and common microwave power synthesis technologies can be divided into the following types: strip line based planar synthesis techniques and waveguide based synthesis techniques. The plane synthesis technology based on the strip line has the advantages of small volume and wide working frequency band, but with the increase of working frequency and the increase of synthesis path number, the synthesis efficiency is greatly reduced due to obvious dielectric loss and radiation loss; the waveguide-based synthesis technology has the advantages of low loss and high power capacity, and is suitable for microwave and millimeter wave high-power synthesis systems.
The existing waveguide-based synthesis technology comprises the steps of realizing the transition from an input coaxial waveguide to a radial waveguide and the transition from the radial waveguide to an output coaxial waveguide through an electric field coupling structure, and realizing an 8-path power combiner; the working frequency of the synthesizer covers 7-14GHz under the-15 dB echo reference standard, and a single octave is realized. The existing waveguide synthesis technology cannot realize the over-time frequency range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner, which realizes an ultra-frequency range.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
an ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner, comprising: the probe comprises a coaxial line output structure, a coaxial line-radial waveguide transition structure and a plurality of ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structures;
the coaxial line-radial waveguide transition structure comprises an upper disc, a lower disc and a frustum; the coaxial line output structure, the upper disc, the frustum and the lower disc are coaxially arranged; the frustum is positioned between the upper disc and the lower disc and is fixed on the lower disc;
each ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structure comprises an upper ridge probe and a lower ridge probe which are arranged up and down correspondingly;
the plurality of upper ridge probes are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the upper disc along the radial direction, and each upper ridge probe is connected with the edge of the upper disc; the lower ridge probes are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the lower disc along the radial direction, and each lower ridge probe is connected with the edge of the lower disc;
the bottom end of the coaxial line output structure is fixed on the frustum; a round hole is formed in the center of the upper disc, and the coaxial line output structure penetrates through the round hole and is connected with the round hole.
Optionally, the ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structure further includes two ridge waveguides; the outer end of each of the upper ridge probes is connected to the radial waveguide through one of the ridge waveguides, and the outer end of each of the lower ridge probes is connected to the radial waveguide through the other ridge waveguide.
Optionally, the extension direction of each ridge waveguide is radial.
Optionally, the coaxial line output structure includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor which are coaxially arranged; the outer conductor is sleeved outside the inner conductor; the diameter of the inner conductor and the inner diameter of the outer conductor are uniformly reduced from bottom to top.
Optionally, the outer conductor is connected with the circular hole, and the inner conductor extends downwards out of the outer conductor and is fixedly connected with the frustum.
Optionally, the diameter of the lower surface of the frustum is smaller than that of the lower disk.
Optionally, the diameter of the upper surface of the frustum is smaller than that of the circular hole.
Optionally, the diameter of the upper surface of the frustum is equal to the diameter of the inner conductor.
Optionally, the width of each of the upper spine probes and each of the lower spine probes gradually increases radially outward.
Optionally, the number of the ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structures is at least 2.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: the ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner disclosed by the invention adopts a coaxial line-radial waveguide transition structure and a plurality of ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structures, and the arrangement of the double-ridge probe structures ensures that the working frequency band of the ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner exceeds a single octave, thereby realizing the super octave.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is an overall structure diagram of an apparatus of an ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a parsing structure of 1 branch of an ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a front view of 1 branch of an ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a top view of 1 branch of an ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an oblique view of 1 branch of an ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of transmission coefficients of ports of the ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of reflection coefficients of a synthesized port of an ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of phase differences of ports of an ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a diagram of an electric field simulation result of the ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is an overall structure diagram of an apparatus of an ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner includes: the probe comprises a coaxial line output structure 1, a coaxial line-radial waveguide transition structure 2 and a plurality of ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structures 3; in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structures 3 is 8. And the output end of the coaxial line output structure 1 is externally connected with a standard coaxial connector.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the coaxial line output structure 1 is a smooth and gradual change impedance transformation transmission line structure, and the coaxial line output structure 1 realizes the conversion between the coaxial waveguide at the output end of the radial waveguide and the coaxial waveguide at the output end of the synthesizer; the coaxial line output structure 1 comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor which are coaxially arranged; the outer conductor is sleeved outside the inner conductor; the diameter of the inner conductor and the inner diameter of the outer conductor are uniformly reduced from bottom to top, and the outer diameter of the outer conductor is unchanged from bottom to top. The input end of the coaxial line output structure 1 is a standard coaxial waveguide, the port impedance is 50 ohms, and the diameter of the inner conductor and the outer diameter of the outer conductor of the coaxial line output structure 1 meet the single-mode transmission condition.
The coaxial line-radial waveguide transition structure 2 is a structure for transitioning the coaxial line output structure 1 to a radial waveguide. The coaxial line-radial waveguide transition structure 2 comprises an upper disc 201, a lower disc 203 and a frustum 202; the coaxial line output structure 1, the upper disc 201, the frustum 202 and the lower disc 203 are coaxially arranged; the frustum 202 is positioned between the upper disc 201 and the lower disc 203, and the frustum 202 is fixed on the lower disc 203;
the upper disc 201, the frustum 202 and the lower disc 203 are used for impedance matching from the coaxial line output structure 1 to the radial waveguide, so that the transformation from an electromagnetic field propagation mode to a radial waveguide propagation mode in the coaxial line output structure 1 is realized, and the coaxial line output structure is in a magnetic coupling form.
The plurality of ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structures 3 form a circularly symmetric structure. Each ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structure 3 comprises an upper ridge probe 301 and a lower ridge probe 302 which are arranged up and down correspondingly, and two ridge waveguides 303 which are arranged up and down correspondingly;
the plurality of upper ridge probes 301 are uniformly distributed around the upper disc 201 along the radial direction, and each upper ridge probe 301 is connected with the edge of the upper disc 201; a plurality of lower ridge probes 302 are uniformly distributed around the lower disk 203 along the radial direction, and each lower ridge probe 302 is connected with the edge of the lower disk 203; the outer end of each of said upper ridge probes 301 is connected to a radial waveguide by one of said ridge waveguides 303 and the outer end of each of said lower ridge probes 302 is connected to a radial waveguide by another of said ridge waveguides 303. The extension direction of each ridge waveguide 303 is in the radial direction. The plurality of upper ridge probes 301 and the plurality of lower ridge probes 302 couple the electromagnetic field in the radial waveguide to the corresponding ridge waveguide, two ridge waveguides in each ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structure 3 form a double-ridge waveguide, the double-ridge waveguide is a standard double-ridge waveguide so as to be conveniently connected with other microwave and millimeter wave systems, and the size of each ridge waveguide 303 meets ultra wide band single-mode transmission.
The ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner is surrounded in a cavity formed by metal, and air is filled in the cavity. As shown in fig. 1, the square structures surrounding the outside of each ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structure 3 are cavities formed by air, and metal is located outside the cavities.
The bottom end of the coaxial line output structure 1 is fixed on the frustum 202; a circular hole is formed in the center of the upper disc 201, and the coaxial line output structure 1 penetrates through the circular hole. The outer conductor is connected with the round hole, and the inner conductor extends out of the outer conductor downwards and is fixedly connected with the frustum.
The diameter of the cross-section of the frustum 202 decreases uniformly as the height of the frustum increases. The diameter of the lower surface of the frustum 202 is smaller than the diameter of the lower disc 203. The diameter of the upper surface of the frustum 202 is smaller than the diameter of the circular hole and equal to the diameter of the inner conductor.
The width of each of the upper spine probe 301 and the lower spine probe 302 increases gradually radially outward.
The height difference between the upper ridge probe 301 and the lower ridge probe 302 in the same ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structure 3, the height difference between the upper disc 201 and the lower disc 203, and the height difference between the two ridge waveguides 303 in the same ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structure 3 are equal.
The height of the radial waveguide is the narrow side of the double-ridge waveguide, and then the calculation formula of the radius R of the radial waveguide is as follows:
where a is the broadside of the double-ridge waveguide. N is the number of ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structures 3.
A specific example of the above-described embodiment of the present invention is provided below:
referring to fig. 3 to 5, the input end of the coaxial line output structure 1 is externally connected with 292mm standard coaxial connector. Radius of the outer conductor is r11.46mm, the radius r of the uppermost end of the coaxial line output structure 12＝0.635mm。
In this embodiment, the length of the coaxial line output structure 1 is 5.12mm, and the radius r of the upper surface of the frustum in the coaxial line-radial waveguide transition structure 2 is equal to the length of the frustumt1.14mm, radius r of the frustum lower surfaceb5.73mm, frustum height ht2.17 mm; the radius R2 of the upper disk in the coaxial-radial waveguide transition structure 2 is 6.23mm, and the radius R3 of the lower disk is 4.83 mm; the radius R4 of the circle corresponding to the outer ends of the upper ridge probe and the lower ridge probe is 9.96mm, so that the length of the upper ridge probe is R4-R3-5.13 mm, and the length of the lower ridge probe is R4-R2-3.73 mm; the output double-ridge waveguide adopts a standard ridge waveguide WRD180, the length a of a waveguide port is 7.315mm, the width b is 3.404mm, the ridge width w is 1.83mm, and the height h is 0.978 mm; the radial waveguide radius is therefore:
fig. 6-8 are simulation result diagrams of the ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner. Fig. 6 is a simulation result diagram of transmission coefficients of each port of the ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and it can be seen from the diagram that the transmission coefficients of each port are between-8.95 dB and-9.25 dB in a frequency band range of 18-42GHz, the absolute imbalance is 0.3dB, and the amplitude consistency is good; fig. 7 is a diagram of a simulation result of reflection coefficients of a synthesized port of the ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and it can be seen from the diagram that the reflection coefficient is smaller than-20 dB and the port reflection is small within a frequency band range of 18-42 GHz; fig. 8 is a diagram of simulation results of phase differences of ports of the ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner, where it can be seen from the diagram that the phase difference is between-2 ° and +3 ° in a frequency band range of 18-42GHz, the absolute phase imbalance is 5 °, and the amplitude consistency is good.
The ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner can be used as a power divider, and when the ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner is used as the power divider, the signal transmission direction is opposite to that when the ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner is used as the power combiner. Fig. 9 is a diagram of an electric field simulation result of the ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner according to the embodiment of the present invention, and it can be seen from the diagram: when the power divider works, a signal enters the coaxial output port, and a TEM wave inside the coaxial output port is transmitted smoothly; further, through a coaxial line-radial waveguide transition structure, a TEM mode in the coaxial line is smoothly transited to a radial waveguide propagation mode; further, the electromagnetic field in the radial waveguide is uniformly coupled to the 8-path double-ridge waveguide by the double-ridge probe and is output. The transmission path and mode change process are reversed when operating as a synthesizer.
According to simulation results, the method has the characteristics of ultra wide band, low loss and good amplitude/phase consistency, and has high engineering application value.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects: the ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner disclosed by the invention adopts a coaxial line-radial waveguide transition structure and a plurality of ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structures, and the arrangement of the double-ridge probe structures ensures that the working frequency band of the ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner exceeds a single octave, thereby realizing the super octave. The synthesizer adopts a waveguide structure, and has the characteristics of low loss and high power capacity; meanwhile, the synthesizer is of a radial circular symmetry structure, and an electromagnetic field propagation mode also has a circular symmetry characteristic, so that the amplitude/phase consistency of signals of all paths is ensured. The invention can be used in feed network of array antenna, microwave and millimeter wave ultra-wideband power synthesis amplifier, and other microwave circuit and system.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner, comprising: the probe comprises a coaxial line output structure, a coaxial line-radial waveguide transition structure and a plurality of ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structures;
the coaxial line-radial waveguide transition structure comprises an upper disc, a lower disc and a frustum; the coaxial line output structure, the upper disc, the frustum and the lower disc are coaxially arranged; the frustum is positioned between the upper disc and the lower disc and is fixed on the lower disc;
each ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structure comprises an upper ridge probe and a lower ridge probe which are arranged up and down correspondingly;
the plurality of upper ridge probes are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the upper disc along the radial direction, and each upper ridge probe is connected with the edge of the upper disc; the lower ridge probes are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the lower disc along the radial direction, and each lower ridge probe is connected with the edge of the lower disc;
the bottom end of the coaxial line output structure is fixed on the frustum; a round hole is formed in the center of the upper disc, and the coaxial line output structure penetrates through the round hole and is connected with the round hole.
2. The ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner of claim 1, wherein the ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structure further comprises two ridge waveguides; the outer end of each of the upper ridge probes is connected to the radial waveguide through one of the ridge waveguides, and the outer end of each of the lower ridge probes is connected to the radial waveguide through the other ridge waveguide.
3. The ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner of claim 2, wherein the direction of extension of each of the ridge waveguides is radial.
4. The ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner of claim 1, wherein the coaxial line output structure comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor arranged coaxially; the outer conductor is sleeved outside the inner conductor; the diameter of the inner conductor and the inner diameter of the outer conductor are uniformly reduced from bottom to top.
5. The UWB waveguide radial power combiner of claim 4 wherein the outer conductor is connected to the circular hole, and the inner conductor extends downward beyond the outer conductor and is fixedly connected to the frustum.
6. The ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner of claim 1, wherein a diameter of the lower surface of the frustum is smaller than a diameter of the lower disk.
7. The ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner of claim 5, wherein a diameter of the upper surface of the frustum is smaller than a diameter of the circular hole.
8. The ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner of claim 7, wherein a diameter of the upper surface of the frustum is equal to a diameter of the inner conductor.
9. The ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner of claim 1, wherein the width of each of the upper ridge probes and each of the lower ridge probes gradually increases radially outward.
10. The ultra-wideband waveguide radial power combiner of claim 1, wherein the number of ridge waveguide double-ridge probe input structures is at least 2.
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| CN117254235A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2023-12-19 | 南通大学 | Broadband ridge waveguide power divider |
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