CN110887650B - Test method for obtaining high-temperature-resistant range of brake pad - Google Patents
Test method for obtaining high-temperature-resistant range of brake pad Download PDFInfo
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- CN110887650B CN110887650B CN201911200097.XA CN201911200097A CN110887650B CN 110887650 B CN110887650 B CN 110887650B CN 201911200097 A CN201911200097 A CN 201911200097A CN 110887650 B CN110887650 B CN 110887650B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test method for obtaining a high temperature resistance range of a brake pad, which comprises the following steps: setting an experimental inertia according to a part to be tested; running-in is carried out on the part to be tested; and performing MOT test on the part to be tested after running-in to obtain the high temperature resistance range. The method aims to solve the problem that the real high-temperature resistant range of the brake pad cannot be measured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile parts, in particular to a test method for obtaining a high-temperature resistant range of a brake pad.
Background
The working principle of braking mainly comes from friction, and the kinetic energy of the vehicle is converted into heat energy after friction by using the friction between a brake pad and a brake disc and between a tire and the ground, so that the vehicle is stopped. The brake pad is composed of a steel plate, a cushion layer and a friction material, wherein the friction material generally adopts phenolic resin as a binder, the phenolic resin forms a fluid state at a certain heating temperature, the fluid state is uniformly distributed in the material to form a matrix of the friction material, and finally, after solidification, fibers and fillers are bonded together to form a compact brake pad product which has certain strength and can meet the use performance of the friction material. When the brake pad is braked in high speed emergency or continuously downhill, the temperature of the brake pad is increased sharply, the binder in the friction material is degraded, the friction coefficient is decreased sharply, and the braking performance of the brake pad is obviously reduced and even fails. Statistically, accidents caused by brake failure account for 20% of all traffic accidents, and the number of deaths exceeds half of the total number of deaths. It can be said that brake system problems have become a leading cause of traffic accidents. And friction material degradation caused by high temperature is the main cause of brake failure.
Currently, the performance test methods commonly used in the industry mainly include SAE J2522, ISO 26867, JASO C406, and the like, and the limitations of using these methods are that: 1. the above standard decline sections all adopt deceleration control, and high-temperature brake failure often occurs in a long downhill road section in actual driving, and in the road section, a drag-and-wear brake mode is usually adopted for a driver to control the vehicle speed. 2. The temperature of the standard decay section test is relatively low, SAE J2522 and ISO 26867 adopt brake disc temperature control, the highest temperature is 550 ℃, and the brake disc absorbs most of heat in the braking process, so that the temperature of the brake pad is far lower than that of the brake disc; the highest temperature of JASO C406 decay section is generally 300-400 ℃; however, when the vehicle is braked on a long downhill in a mountain area, the temperature of the brake pad can often reach more than 500 ℃.
Therefore, the maximum high-temperature range which can be borne by the brake pad during operation cannot be obtained by the method, and the high-temperature resistant range which can be borne by the brake disc cannot be really measured even by the method for controlling the temperature of the brake disc, so that the real performance of the brake pad cannot be measured by the method.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention at least aims to provide a test method for obtaining the high temperature resistant range of a brake pad, which aims to solve the problem that the real high temperature resistant range of the brake pad cannot be measured.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a test method for obtaining a high temperature resistance range of a brake pad, comprising the steps of:
setting an experimental inertia according to a part to be tested;
running-in is carried out on the part to be tested;
and performing MOT test on the part to be tested after running-in to obtain the high temperature resistance range.
Optionally, the step of running-in the component to be tested includes: and under the brake disc temperature control mode, setting the braking speed of 80km/h, the releasing speed of 30km/h, the initial braking temperature of 100 ℃, the pipeline pressure of 15-51 bar and the braking frequency of 32, and circulating for 2-6 times to carry out running-in.
Optionally, the step of performing MOT testing on the run-in to-be-tested component includes: setting the initial temperature of the first braking to be less than 100 ℃, the torque to be 500-800 N.m, the drag-grinding time to be 8-12s, the cycle time to be 12-16s and the cycle time to be 2-22 times, and carrying out MOT test.
Optionally, the step of obtaining the high temperature resistant range includes:
the data acquisition unit sends the acquired information to the control terminal, the control terminal draws a detailed diagram of a part to be tested according to the received data, the abscissa of the detailed diagram is the braking frequency, the ordinate of the detailed diagram comprises the average friction coefficient of the brake pad to be tested and the temperature of the brake pad to be tested, and the temperature of the brake pad to be tested comprises the temperature of the inner brake pad to be tested and the temperature of the outer brake pad to be tested;
And acquiring a starting point and an ending point of the high-temperature-resistant range on the detail drawing so as to obtain the high-temperature-resistant range.
Optionally, after the step of running-in the component to be tested, the method further includes: and installing a temperature measuring device on the component to be measured.
Optionally, before the step of running-in the component to be tested, the method further includes: the cooling device is activated.
Optionally, the starting point of the high temperature resistant range is the lowest temperature of the brake pad to be measured corresponding to the starting point of the continuously decreasing average friction coefficient.
Optionally, the end point of the high temperature resistant range needs to satisfy the following condition: the average friction coefficient corresponding to the starting point of the high-temperature resistant range of the brake pad is reduced by more than 15%, and sigma is μMOTe range ＞σ μMOTi range 。
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, the detailed diagram of the part to be tested can be obtained, the high temperature resistant range of the brake pad can be accurately obtained from the diagram, the starting point MOTi and the ending point MOTe of the high temperature resistant range of the friction material are obtained according to the test data, and the brake pad brake end temperature corresponding to the MOTe is the high temperature resistant range temperature of the friction material. The invention creatively provides the evaluation indexes of MOTi and MOTe, provides a test basis for the matching of vehicle types and friction material formulas and the development of high-temperature-resistant friction materials for research personnel, and also provides guidance for the driving road conditions of drivers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed chart of experimental data for a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows experimental data-coefficient of friction trend for a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the element reference
| Reference numerals | Name (R) |
| 1 | |
| 2 | |
| 3 | Inertia |
| 4 | |
| 5 | |
| 6 | |
| 7 | |
| 8 | |
| 9 | |
| 10 | |
| 11 | |
| 12 | Control terminal |
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.
In order to better understand the working process of the technical scheme of the present application, a device for implementing the method of the present invention is known first, and as shown in fig. 1, a testing device for obtaining a high temperature resistant range of a brake pad includes a single-ended inertia rack testing machine, a controller, a control terminal 12 and a data collector 11; the single-ended inertia rack testing machine is controlled by a controller, and the control terminal is connected with the controller and the data acquisition unit; the data collector is further connected with the single-end inertia rack testing machine and a to-be-tested part mounted on the single-end inertia rack testing machine respectively, and the high temperature resistant range is obtained through the data collector and the control terminal.
The single-ended inertia rack testing machine comprises a rack base 7, a motor 1 is arranged on the rack base and connected with a rotating shaft through a coupler 2, an inertia wheel 3 is installed on the rotating shaft, a flange 6 and a universal joint 4 are installed on the inertia wheel 3, the motor 1 and the inertia wheel 3 are controlled by a controller, and a temperature measuring device is installed on a component to be tested and used for detecting the temperature of the component to be tested.
And the control terminal is used for inputting and displaying control information of the inertia wheel and the motor.
The part to be tested comprises a brake assembly, and the brake assembly comprises a brake pad 8, a brake disc 5 and a brake caliper 9.
In one embodiment, the temperature measuring device comprises a brake pad thermocouple and a brake disc thermocouple.
In this embodiment, the brake pad thermocouple is installed in the first groove at the center position of the friction surface of the brake pad to be measured. The center of the friction surface is stressed maximally and the temperature is highest.
In this embodiment, the brake disc thermocouple is mounted in the second groove at the center position of the friction path of the outer disc surface of the brake disc to be tested. The purpose of installing the thermocouple on the brake disc in the MOT section is to obtain the high-temperature range of the brake disc when the brake pad is in the high-temperature resistant range, so that the high-temperature resistant performance of the whole brake can be better known.
In one embodiment, the depth of the first groove is 0.5mm to 3 mm. The value can effectively ensure the accuracy of temperature measurement, the temperature is lower when the value is higher than the range of the value, and the temperature is higher when the value is lower than the range of the value.
In one embodiment, the depth of the second groove is 0.4mm to 0.6 mm. The value can effectively ensure the accuracy of temperature measurement, the temperature is lower when the value is higher than the range of the value, and the temperature is higher when the value is lower than the range of the value.
In FIG. 1, P is pressure, T is torque, ω is rotational speed, and Θ is temperature. The data acquisition unit is used for acquiring pressure P, torque T, rotating speed omega and temperature theta, and each data value is completed by a data acquisition element (a pressure sensor, a torque acquisition element, a rotating speed acquisition element and a thermocouple) corresponding to the data acquisition element and is transmitted to the data acquisition unit. The single-ended inertia stand tester can execute a pressure and deceleration control sequence; the pressure and moment acquisition frequency is 50 Hz; the pressure loading rate is 25 +/-5 bar/s; test inertia: front wheel inertia is calculated from 3/8 for gross vehicle weight and rear wheel inertia is calculated 1/8. Cooling wind speed: the running-in stage is 50km/h, and the MOT stage is 10 km/h.
In one embodiment, the testing apparatus further comprises a cooling device 10. The cooling device is used for cooling the brake pad and the brake disc.
The working principle of the technical scheme of the invention is that a controller controls the rotating speed and the pipeline pressure of a motor, an inertia wheel combination test inertia simulates the loading of a real vehicle, a coupling and a universal joint transmit torque, a data acquisition device (namely a data acquisition device) can acquire the output torque and the pressure of a brake and the temperatures of a brake pad and a brake disc in real time during braking, a cooling device controls the wind speed to play a role in cooling, the data acquisition device and the controller transmit data to a control terminal (for example, a computer), and the control terminal can regulate and control the data acquisition device and the controller in real time, thereby forming a closed-loop control system.
As shown in fig. 2, a test method for obtaining a high temperature resistant range of a brake pad, which can accurately obtain a maximum high temperature range that the brake pad can bear when the brake pad works, and can also obtain a high temperature range of a brake disc when the brake pad is in the high temperature resistant range, includes the steps of:
setting an experimental inertia according to a part to be tested; and installing a brake assembly on the testing device, wherein the brake assembly comprises a brake pad to be tested, a brake disc to be tested and a brake caliper, and the test inertia is the real inertia of the inertia wheel set synthesis test to simulate the loading of a real vehicle.
Running-in is carried out on the part to be tested;
and performing MOT (Maximum operating temperature) test on the part to be tested after running-in to obtain the high temperature resistant range.
In one embodiment, the experimental inertia comprises a front wheel inertia and a rear wheel inertia, and the front wheel inertia is calculated according to 3/8 of the total weight of the vehicle to which the component to be tested belongs; the rear wheel inertia is calculated as 1/8 of the gross vehicle weight to which the part under test belongs.
In one embodiment, the step of running-in the component to be tested includes: and under a brake disc temperature control mode, setting a braking speed of 80km/h, a releasing speed of 30km/h, an initial braking temperature of 100 ℃, a pipeline pressure of 15-51 bar and braking times of 32, and circulating for 2-6 times to carry out running-in.
In one embodiment, after the step of running-in the component to be tested, the method further includes: and installing a temperature measuring device on the component to be measured. The temperature measuring device includes: brake block thermocouples and brake disc thermocouples. The brake pad thermocouple is arranged on a brake pad in the part to be tested, and the brake disc thermocouple is arranged on a brake disc in the part to be tested. After the running-in is finished, the inner brake block and the outer brake block are detached from the part to be measured, the thermocouples are respectively installed on the inner brake block and the outer brake block, and then the inner brake block and the outer brake block are installed back into the part to be measured for next measurement. The brake block thermocouple and the brake disc thermocouple are respectively connected with the data acquisition unit.
In one embodiment, the step of performing an MOT test on the run-in to-be-tested component includes: setting the initial temperature of the first braking to be less than 100 ℃, the torque to be 500-800 N.m, the drag-grinding time to be 8-12s, the cycle time to be 12-16s and the cycle time to be 2-22 times, and carrying out MOT test.
In one embodiment, the testing method further comprises: and starting a cooling device for cooling the component to be measured. This step is set before the running-in step. Cooling wind speed: the running-in stage is 50km/h, and the MOT stage is 10 km/h.
In one embodiment, the step of obtaining the high temperature resistant range comprises: the data acquisition unit sends control terminal with the information of gathering, and control terminal draws the detailed picture of the part that awaits measuring according to received data, the abscissa of detailed picture is the braking number of times, the ordinate of detailed picture includes the average friction coefficient of the brake block that awaits measuring, the temperature of the brake disc that awaits measuring, the brake block temperature that awaits measuring includes the interior brake block temperature that awaits measuring and the outer brake block temperature that awaits measuring. The detailed diagram is shown in fig. 3.
And acquiring a starting point and an end point of the high-temperature resistant range on the detail drawing, thereby obtaining the high-temperature resistant range: MOTi-MOTe.
The starting point of the high-temperature resistant range of the brake pad is the lowest temperature of the brake pad to be measured corresponding to the starting point of the continuous descending trend of the average friction coefficient, and the ending point of the high-temperature resistant range of the brake pad needs to meet the following conditions: the average friction coefficient corresponding to the starting point of the high-temperature resistant range of the brake pad is reduced by more than 15%, and sigma is μMOTe range ＞σ μMOTi range 。
The initial point MOTi of the high-temperature range of the brake disc when the brake pad is in the high-temperature resistant range is a continuous decrease of the average friction coefficientThe temperature of the brake disc to be measured corresponding to the starting point of the trend, the high-temperature range ending point MOTe of the brake disc when the brake pad is in the high-temperature resistant range is that the average friction coefficient corresponding to the starting point of the high-temperature resistant range of the brake pad is reduced by more than 15%, and sigma is μMOTe range ＞σ μMOTi range The temperature of the corresponding brake disc to be tested.
In one embodiment, the ordinate of the detail graph further includes an average pressure.
In a specific implementation, the relevant parameter settings can be made with reference to tables 1 to 2.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
The obtained test data-friction coefficient trend is shown in fig. 4, and the obtained test data-friction coefficient standard deviation, brake disc temperature, brake pad temperature and other related data are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
Wherein the respective symbols are explained as follows:
MOTi: the initial point of the high temperature resistant range of the friction material;
MOTe: the end point of the high temperature resistant range of the friction material;
μ MOTi : the friction coefficient value corresponding to the initial point of the high-temperature resistant range of the friction material;
μ MOTe : the friction coefficient value corresponding to the end point of the high-temperature resistant range of the friction material;
μ MOTi range : the MOT section brakes for the first time to the average value of the friction coefficient of the MOTi point;
μ MOTe range : the MOT section brakes for the first time to the average value of the friction coefficient of the MOTe point;
σ μMOTi range : the MOT section brakes for the first time to reach the standard deviation of the friction coefficient of an MOTi point;
σ μMOTe range : the MOT section first brakes to the standard deviation of the friction coefficient at MOTe point.
Standard deviation σ standard deviation reflects the degree of dispersion between individuals within a group, with larger numbers giving higher degrees of dispersion.
Wherein σ is the standard deviation; mu is a mean value; n is the number of times.
The high-temperature-resistant temperature range of the friction material of the brake pad can be accurately tested, on one hand, a basis is provided for matching of vehicle types and friction material formulas of research personnel, and a technical support and test method is provided for research and development of subsequent high-temperature-resistant friction materials; on the other hand, the invention can also provide guidance for the driving road conditions of drivers, and avoids traffic accidents caused by high-temperature brake failure.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A test method for obtaining a high temperature resistant range of a brake pad is characterized by comprising the following steps:
setting an experimental inertia according to a part to be tested;
the step of running-in the component to be tested comprises the following steps: under the temperature control mode of a brake disc, setting the braking speed of 80km/h, the releasing speed of 30km/h, the initial braking temperature of 100 ℃, the pipeline pressure of 15-51 bar and the braking frequency of 32, circulating for 2-6 times, and running in;
performing MOT test on the part to be tested after running-in to obtain the high temperature resistant range,
wherein, the step of running-in the component to be tested further comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that a temperature measuring device is installed on a part to be measured, the temperature measuring device comprises a brake pad thermocouple and a brake disc thermocouple, and the brake pad thermocouple is installed in a first groove in the center of a friction surface of a brake pad to be measured in the part to be measured; the brake disc thermocouple is arranged in a second groove in the center of the friction path of the outer disc surface of the brake disc to be tested in the part to be tested;
the step of performing MOT test on the worn-in part to be tested comprises the following steps: setting the initial braking temperature to be less than 100 ℃, the torque to be 500-800 N.m, the drag grinding time to be 8-12s, the cycle time to be 12-16s and the cycle times to be 2-22 times, and carrying out MOT test;
The step of obtaining the high temperature resistant range comprises the following steps:
the data acquisition unit sends the acquired information to the control terminal, the control terminal draws a detailed diagram of a part to be tested according to the received data, the abscissa of the detailed diagram is the braking frequency, the ordinate of the detailed diagram comprises the average friction coefficient of the brake pad to be tested and the temperature of the brake pad to be tested, and the temperature of the brake pad to be tested comprises the temperature of the inner brake pad to be tested and the temperature of the outer brake pad to be tested;
acquiring a starting point and an ending point of the high-temperature-resistant range on the detailed diagram so as to obtain the high-temperature-resistant range, wherein the starting point of the high-temperature-resistant range is the lowest temperature of the brake pad to be tested corresponding to the starting point of which the average friction coefficient is in a continuous descending trend, and the ending point of the high-temperature-resistant range needs to meet the following conditions: the average friction coefficient corresponding to the starting point of the high-temperature resistant range of the brake pad is reduced by more than 15%, and sigma is µMOTe range ＞σ µMOTi range Wherein, the σ µMOTerange The standard deviation of the coefficient of friction from the first brake to the MOTi point in the MOT test, said σ µMOTi range And the standard deviation of the friction coefficient from the first braking to the MOTe point in the MOT test is shown, the MOTi is the initial point of the high-temperature-resistant range, and the MOTe is the final point of the high-temperature-resistant range.
2. The method for testing the high temperature resistant range of the brake pad according to claim 1, further comprising, before the step of running-in the component to be tested: the cooling device is activated.
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