CN110881173B - Environment monitoring system based on Internet of things - Google Patents

Environment monitoring system based on Internet of things Download PDF

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CN110881173B
CN110881173B CN201911111924.8A CN201911111924A CN110881173B CN 110881173 B CN110881173 B CN 110881173B CN 201911111924 A CN201911111924 A CN 201911111924A CN 110881173 B CN110881173 B CN 110881173B
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head node
node
environment monitoring
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CN110881173A (en
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胡彬
梁俊娟
孙亮
***
石晨
崔岩岩
庞士昱
赵莹
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Henan Polytechnic Institute
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/38Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/18Status alarms
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/02Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
    • H04L67/025Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP] for remote control or remote monitoring of applications
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01Protocols
    • H04L67/12Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00Network topologies
    • H04W84/18Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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Abstract

The environment monitoring system based on the Internet of things comprises a wireless sensor network, an environment monitoring center, a communication module and a mobile user terminal, wherein the wireless sensor network is used for collecting indoor environment parameter information and sending the collected indoor environment parameter information to the environment monitoring center, the environment monitoring center is used for receiving and storing environment monitoring data and comparing the received environment monitoring data with a preset safety threshold value, if the received environment monitoring data exceeds the safety threshold value, an alarm is given, and the mobile user terminal is connected with the environment monitoring center through the communication module and used for accessing the indoor environment monitoring data stored in the environment monitoring center in real time. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the wireless sensor network is utilized to realize effective monitoring of the indoor environment, so that a user can know the indoor environment condition in real time conveniently, and the indoor environment monitoring data exceeds the preset safety threshold value to give an alarm, thereby effectively avoiding risks.

Description

Environment monitoring system based on Internet of things
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of environmental monitoring, in particular to an environmental monitoring system based on the Internet of things.
Background
While the society is actively advanced, the environment is not optimistic, the indoor environment is closely related to the daily lives of all people, and the internet of things technology is increasingly beginning to be applied to our daily lives along with the development of computer technology, information technology and intelligent technology. The system is applied to environment monitoring, the sensor and the communication technology in the technology of the Internet of things can greatly improve the capability of the system for acquiring the object information, improve the information transmission, information acquisition and real-time monitoring level in the environment monitoring process, and improve the monitoring capability of the environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide an environment monitoring system based on the Internet of things.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the environment monitoring system based on the Internet of things comprises a wireless sensor network, an environment monitoring center, a communication module and a mobile user terminal, wherein the wireless sensor network is of a clustered structure and comprises sensor nodes used for monitoring indoor environment parameters and cluster head nodes used for collecting environment parameter information collected by the sensor nodes in the clusters, the environment monitoring system further comprises collecting nodes, the cluster head nodes are used for collecting the indoor environment parameter information collected by the cluster head nodes and the monitoring information of the sensor nodes in the clusters and transmitting the collected indoor environment parameter information to the collecting nodes after fusing, the environment monitoring center is used for receiving and storing the environment parameter information and comparing the received environment parameter information with a preset safety threshold, if the safety threshold is exceeded, the environment monitoring center is used for giving an alarm, and the mobile user terminal is connected with the environment monitoring center through the communication module and used for accessing the indoor environment parameter information stored in the environment monitoring center in real time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the wireless sensor network is utilized to realize effective monitoring of the indoor environment, so that a user can know the indoor environment condition in real time conveniently, and the indoor environment monitoring data exceeds the preset safety threshold value to give an alarm, thereby effectively avoiding risks.
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The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments do not constitute any limitation on the invention, and other drawings can be obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue effort from the following drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
a wireless sensor network 1; an environmental monitoring center 2; a communication module 3; a mobile user terminal 4.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the environment monitoring system based on the internet of things of the present embodiment includes a wireless sensor network 1, an environment monitoring center 2, a communication module 3 and a mobile user terminal 4, where the wireless sensor network 1 is in a clustered structure, and includes a sensor node for monitoring indoor environment parameters, a cluster head node for collecting environment parameter information collected by sensor nodes in a cluster, and a collecting node, where the cluster head node fuses the collected indoor environment parameter monitoring information and the collected monitoring information of sensor nodes in the cluster and then transmits the collected indoor environment parameter information to the collecting node, and then sends the collected indoor environment parameter information to the environment monitoring center 2 through the collecting node, where the environment monitoring center 2 is used for receiving and storing the environment parameter information, and compares the received environment parameter information with a preset safety threshold, and if the safety threshold is exceeded, gives an alarm, and the mobile user terminal 4 is connected with the environment monitoring center 2 through the communication module 3 and is used for accessing the indoor environment parameter information stored in the environment monitoring center in real time.
According to the method and the device for monitoring the indoor environment, the wireless sensor network is utilized to effectively monitor the indoor environment, a user can know the indoor environment in real time conveniently, and an alarm is given when indoor environment monitoring data exceeds a preset safety threshold, so that risks are effectively avoided.
Preferably, the sensor nodes in the monitoring area are divided into a plurality of clusters, the sensor nodes in the clusters are used for collecting environmental parameter information in the monitoring area, the cluster head nodes package the indoor environmental parameter information collected by the sensor nodes and the collected monitoring information of the sensor nodes in the clusters, the packaged environmental monitoring data packets are transmitted to the collecting nodes, and the collecting nodes forward the environmental monitoring data packets to the environmental monitoring center.
Preferably, when the cluster head node transmits the environmental monitoring data packet, a benefit function corresponding to the transmission of the environmental monitoring data packet s by the cluster head node i is defined as Cost (i, s), and the expression of Cost (i, s) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002272961370000021
when the benefit function Cost (i, s)<And when 0, the cluster head node i gives up forwarding the environment monitoring data packet s, otherwise, the cluster head node i selects the next-hop cluster head node from the neighbor cluster head node set to carry out multi-hop transmission on the environment monitoring data packet s, wherein T is as follows 0 (s) is the trusted duration of the set environmental monitoring data packet s, t(s) is the duration consumed by the transmission of the environmental monitoring data packet s, r i Representing the communication radius of the cluster head node i, D (i, h) representing the distance from the cluster head node i to the sink node, D(s) representing the size of the environmental monitoring data packet s, K max (i) Represents the maximum bandwidth of cluster head node i, and k (i) represents the used bandwidth of cluster head node i.
The preferred embodiment sets the benefit function of the cluster head node for transmitting the environment monitoring data packet, introduces the credible time length and the time length of transmission consumption of the environment monitoring data packet into the benefit function, and further judges whether to forward the environment monitoring data packet according to the numerical value of the benefit function, thereby ensuring that the forwarded environment monitoring data packet can be transmitted to the aggregation node within the credible time length, namely ensuring the credibility of the environment monitoring data packet received by the aggregation node, and improving the accuracy of the environment monitoring system.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of,when the profit function corresponding to the environmental monitoring data packet s sent by the cluster head node i is smaller than 0, the cluster head node i gives up to transmit the environmental monitoring data packet s, when the profit function corresponding to the environmental monitoring data packet s sent by the cluster head node i is larger than or equal to 0, the cluster head node i selects the next-hop cluster head node from the neighbor cluster head node set to forward the environmental monitoring data packet s, and L is set i A neighbor cluster head node set of cluster head node i, a pair set L i Traversing the neighbor cluster head nodes in the tree node, and defining a traversing threshold T 1 (i):
Figure BDA0002272961370000031
Where d (s, h) is the distance from the environmental monitoring packet s to the sink node, d max (i, h) is the maximum value of the distances from the neighboring cluster head nodes of the cluster head node i to the aggregation nodes, T(s) represents the time period consumed by the transmission of the environment monitoring data packet s, and T 0 (s) is the trusted duration of the set environmental monitoring data packet s; let x be set L i When the cluster head node x satisfies the following conditions
Figure BDA0002272961370000032
And->
Figure BDA0002272961370000033
When the cluster head node x participates in the next-hop cluster head node of the competing cluster head node i, wherein d (i, h) represents the distance from the cluster head node i to the collecting node, and r i Representing the communication radius of the cluster head node i, d (x, i) representing the distance between the cluster head node x and the cluster head node i, and d (x, h) representing the distance from the cluster head node x to the sink node.
According to the preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps of traversing in a neighbor cluster head node set of cluster head nodes according to the set traversing threshold, selecting the neighbor cluster head nodes participating in competing for the next-hop cluster head node, and adjusting the set traversing threshold in a self-adaptive mode according to the environment monitoring data packet to be forwarded, so that the screened neighbor cluster head nodes can ensure that the environment monitoring data packet is transmitted to a collecting node within the trusted time, and meanwhile, the load balance of the network is improved.
Preferably, the competition function of the cluster head node x participating in the next hop cluster head node of the competition cluster head node i is defined as f (x, i), and the calculation formula of f (x, i) is as follows:
Figure BDA0002272961370000034
where Tim (x, i) represents the transmission delay between cluster head node x and cluster head node i, tim (Y, i) represents the transmission delay between cluster head node Y and cluster head node i participating in the contention, Y i The cluster head node number of the cluster head node of the next hop of the cluster head node i participating in the competition is represented, d (s, h) represents the distance from the environment monitoring data packet s to the collecting node, T(s) represents the time period consumed by the transmission of the environment monitoring data packet s, and T 0 (s) is the trusted duration of the set environmental monitoring data packet s, e x Representing the residual energy value, e, of the cluster head node x v Representing the residual energy value of a cluster head node v, wherein the cluster head node v is a cluster head node participating in the competition of the cluster head node i for the next hop of the cluster head node;
and selecting the cluster head node with the maximum value from the competition function of the cluster head nodes participating in the competition of the cluster head nodes i for the next hop as the cluster head node of the next hop for forwarding the environment monitoring data packet s.
The preferred embodiment comprehensively considers the transmission delay and the residual energy value of the next-hop cluster head node in the competition function, namely, when the next-hop cluster head node is selected, the next-hop cluster head node is measured in the aspects of transmission instantaneity and energy value; introduction of
Figure BDA0002272961370000041
Adjusting the influence degree of transmission instantaneity or energy value on the selection of the next-hop cluster head node, when the transmission time of the environment monitoring data packet to be transmitted is less, selecting the cluster head node with higher energy value to transmit the environment monitoring data packet, balancing the energy consumption among the cluster head nodes, and when the transmission time of the environment monitoring data packet to be transmitted is longer, selecting the cluster head node with higher transmission instantaneityThe cluster head nodes transmit the environment monitoring data packet, so that the reliability of the environment monitoring data packet is guaranteed, and compared with a simple mode of selecting the next-hop cluster head nodes according to transmission delay and energy values among the cluster head nodes, the selection mode of the next-hop cluster head nodes adopted by the preferred embodiment can ensure energy balance among the cluster head nodes in a network and reliable transmission of the environment monitoring data packet.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The environment monitoring system based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising a wireless sensor network, an environment monitoring center, a communication module and a mobile user terminal, wherein the wireless sensor network is of a clustered structure and comprises sensor nodes for monitoring indoor environment parameters and cluster head nodes for collecting environment parameter information acquired by sensor nodes in a cluster, and further comprises a collecting node, wherein the cluster head nodes are used for fusing the indoor environment parameter information acquired by the cluster head nodes and the monitoring information of the sensor nodes in the collected cluster and then transmitting the collected indoor environment parameter information to the collecting node, the collecting node is used for transmitting the collected indoor environment parameter information to the environment monitoring center, the environment monitoring center is used for receiving and storing the environment parameter information, comparing the received environment parameter information with a preset safety threshold, and giving an alarm if the environment parameter information exceeds the safety threshold, and the mobile user terminal is connected with the environment monitoring center through the communication module and used for accessing the indoor environment parameter information stored in the environment monitoring center in real time;
dividing sensor nodes in a monitoring area into a plurality of clusters, wherein the sensor nodes in the clusters are used for collecting environmental parameter information in the monitoring area, the cluster head nodes pack the indoor environmental parameter information collected by the sensor nodes and the collected monitoring information of the sensor nodes in the clusters, the packed environmental monitoring data packets are transmitted to a collecting node, and the collecting node forwards the environmental monitoring data packets to an environmental monitoring center;
when the cluster head node transmits the environment monitoring data packet, defining a benefit function corresponding to the environment monitoring data packet s transmitted by the cluster head node i as Cost (i, s), wherein the expression of the Cost (i, s) is as follows:
Figure FDA0004152652450000011
when the benefit function Cost (i, s)<And when 0, the cluster head node i gives up forwarding the environment monitoring data packet s, otherwise, the cluster head node i selects the next-hop cluster head node from the neighbor cluster head node set to carry out multi-hop transmission on the environment monitoring data packet s, wherein T is as follows 0 (s) is the trusted duration of the set environmental monitoring data packet s, t(s) is the duration consumed by the transmission of the environmental monitoring data packet s, r i Representing the communication radius of the cluster head node i, D (i, h) representing the distance from the cluster head node i to the sink node, D(s) representing the size of the environmental monitoring data packet s, K max (i) Represents the maximum bandwidth of cluster head node i, and k (i) represents the used bandwidth of cluster head node i.
2. The environment monitoring system based on the internet of things according to claim 1, wherein when a benefit function corresponding to an environment monitoring data packet s sent by a cluster head node i is smaller than 0, the cluster head node i gives up to transmit the environment monitoring data packet s, when the benefit function corresponding to the environment monitoring data packet s sent by the cluster head node i is larger than or equal to 0, the cluster head node i selects a next-hop cluster head node from a neighbor cluster head node set to forward the environment monitoring data packet s, and sets L i A neighbor cluster head node set of cluster head node i, a pair set L i Traversing the neighbor cluster head nodes in the tree node, and defining a traversing threshold T 1 (i):
Figure FDA0004152652450000021
Where d (s, h) is the distance from the environmental monitoring packet s to the sink node, d max (i, h) is the maximum value of the distances from the neighboring cluster head nodes of the cluster head node i to the aggregation nodes, T(s) represents the time period consumed by the transmission of the environment monitoring data packet s, and T 0 (s) is the trusted duration of the set environmental monitoring data packet s, and x is set as a set L i When the cluster head node x satisfies the following conditions
Figure FDA0004152652450000022
And->
Figure FDA0004152652450000023
When the cluster head node x participates in the next-hop cluster head node of the competing cluster head node i, wherein d (i, h) represents the distance from the cluster head node i to the collecting node, d (x, h) represents the distance from the cluster head node x to the collecting node, and r i Represents the communication radius of the cluster head node i, and d (x, i) represents the distance between the cluster head node x and the cluster head node i.
3. The environment monitoring system based on the internet of things according to claim 2, wherein a competition function of a cluster head node x participating in a next hop cluster head node of a competition cluster head node i is defined as f (x, i), and a calculation formula of f (x, i) is as follows:
Figure FDA0004152652450000024
where Tim (x, i) represents the transmission delay between cluster head node x and cluster head node i, tim (Y, i) represents the transmission delay between cluster head node Y and cluster head node i participating in the contention, Y i The cluster head node number of the cluster head node of the next hop of the cluster head node i participating in the competition is represented, d (s, h) represents the distance from the environment monitoring data packet s to the collecting node, T(s) represents the time period consumed by the transmission of the environment monitoring data packet s, and T 0 (s) is the trusted duration of the set environmental monitoring data packet s, e x Representing the residual energy value, e, of the cluster head node x v Representation ofThe residual energy value of the cluster head node v, wherein the cluster head node v is a cluster head node participating in the competition of the cluster head node i for the next hop of the cluster head node;
and selecting the cluster head node with the maximum value from the competition function of the cluster head nodes participating in the competition of the cluster head nodes i for the next hop as the cluster head node of the next hop for forwarding the environment monitoring data packet s.
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