CN110880820A - Two-phase direct current bias current vernier reluctance motor - Google Patents
Two-phase direct current bias current vernier reluctance motor Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/18—Windings for salient poles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/08—Reluctance motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/08—Reluctance motors
- H02P25/092—Converters specially adapted for controlling reluctance motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a two-phase direct-current bias current vernier reluctance motor, and belongs to the technical field of motors. The motor of the invention comprises a stator and a rotor; the stator and the rotor both adopt a double salient pole structure, the stator is sleeved at the periphery of the rotor, and an air gap is arranged between the stator and the rotor; the stator comprises a stator yoke part, a stator end part and a stator winding, and a plurality of stator teeth are uniformly distributed at the stator end part; the stator windings are connected in a fractional slot non-overlapping concentration mode and are alternately connected to half of the stator teeth; the stator winding is powered by two-phase composite current, the two-phase composite current is direct current superposed with alternating current, and the phase difference of the introduced alternating current is 90 degrees. The composite current of direct current superposed with alternating current is introduced into the stator winding, and the performance of the existing two-phase motor is improved on the basis of the working principle by applying the magnetic field modulation principle; the strength of the excitation magnetic field is improved by applying the magnetic field modulation principle, and the torque density and the high efficiency can be ensured under the condition of no permanent magnet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and particularly relates to a two-phase direct-current bias current vernier reluctance motor.
Background
At present, the permanent magnet motor has obvious advantages in the indexes such as torque density, efficiency, power factor and the like, and is widely applied to occasions such as electric automobiles, numerical control machines, wind power generation, servo drive and the like. The permanent magnet motor becomes a focus of attention of researchers, various permanent magnet motors with excellent topological structures and performances are proposed and deeply researched, and particularly, the three-phase permanent magnet motor is widely applied to practical application. However, the permanent magnet motor has the problem that the field loss and short circuit faults cannot be deactivated. In addition, the price of the permanent magnet material is expensive, and the application of the permanent magnet motor in the occasions sensitive to the cost is limited. Although the traditional switched reluctance motor has simple structure and low cost, the specific operation mode of the traditional switched reluctance motor determines that the noise and the vibration of the motor are large and the torque ripple is also large. These drawbacks affect the application of switched reluctance machines. In order to combine the advantages of both motors, three-phase dc-biased vernier reluctance motors have been proposed by researchers in recent years. However, the three-phase dc offset vernier motor requires an excessive number of power switching devices, and the cost of the motor system is still high.
In order to eliminate the demagnetization risk and the high price disadvantage of the permanent magnet, patent document CN201947146U discloses a two-phase direct current magnetic motor, which is characterized in that: the stator magnetic pole is provided with a winding, one side of the top of the magnetic pole of the rotor is provided with a magnetic guiding sheet which extends along the same direction as the rotation direction of the rotor, so that a larger acting force exists between the stator magnetic pole and the adjacent rotor magnetic pole at the moment of phase change and electrification of the winding, and the motor is suitable for high-speed operation with load. The advantage is that precious rare earth permanent magnet material or other permanent magnet material is saved, so the structure is simple and the manufacturing cost is low. The motor adopts a two-phase structure; the cost is greatly reduced and the reliability is improved. The motor has the following defects: the motor essentially belongs to the category of reluctance motors, and the reluctance motors inevitably have the disadvantages of large torque pulsation and high vibration noise; meanwhile, as the direct current is directly introduced, the excitation field is only a static magnetic field generated by single direct current, and the torque is low due to the weak magnetic field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of weaker magnetic field and lower torque of a two-phase direct-current magnetic motor and provides a two-phase direct-current bias current vernier reluctance motor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a two-phase DC bias current vernier reluctance motor comprises a stator and a rotor;
the stator and the rotor both adopt a double salient pole structure, the stator is sleeved at the periphery of the rotor, and an air gap is arranged between the stator and the rotor;
the stator comprises a stator yoke part, a stator end part and a stator winding, and a plurality of stator teeth are uniformly distributed at the stator end part; the stator windings are connected in a fractional slot non-overlapping concentration mode and are alternately connected to half of the stator teeth;
the stator winding is powered by two-phase composite current, the two-phase composite current is direct current superposed with alternating current, and the phase difference of the introduced alternating current is 90 degrees.
Further, according to the anticlockwise or clockwise direction, the current led into the stator winding is i in sequenceA+、iB-、iA-And iB+The expression is as follows:
wherein, IacIs the effective value of the AC component, IdcIs the mean value of the DC component, weIs the electrical angular frequency, and a is the initial phase angle.
Further, the number of stator slots NsNumber of modulated pole pairs N of rotorrPole pair number P of fundamental magnetomotive force generated by alternating current component of stator winding currentaAnd the pole pair number P of the fundamental magnetomotive force generated by the DC component of the stator winding currentdcThe following relationship is satisfied:
NS4k, wherein k is an integer;
Pa＝|Nr±Pdc|。
further, the stator is 8/7 in cooperation with the slot poles of the rotor.
Further, the stator and rotor slot poles are fitted at 8/9.
Furthermore, an inverter topology structure of the current control circuit adopts a 4-phase bridge type inversion structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the stator and the rotor of the two-phase direct current bias current vernier reluctance motor adopt a double-salient-pole structure, the structure is simple, the industrial processing is easy, no winding or magnetic steel is arranged on the rotor, the robustness of an iron core structure is strong, and the two-phase direct current bias current vernier reluctance motor is suitable for high-speed operation; on the other hand, the composite current of direct current superposed with alternating current is introduced into the stator winding, and the performance of the existing two-phase motor is improved on the basis of the working principle through the application of the magnetic field modulation principle; by applying the magnetic field modulation principle, the strength of an excitation magnetic field is improved, and the torque density and the high efficiency can be ensured under the condition of no permanent magnet; the stator winding adopts a fractional slot non-overlapping concentrated winding mode, has the characteristics of short end part, no overlapping and high end part reliability, is easy to realize industrialized offline and saves the time; the motor loss of the invention is mainly concentrated on the stator side, which is beneficial to the design of a cooling structure, thereby improving the overall heat load.
Furthermore, the slot poles of the stator and the rotor of the motor are combined to be 8/7, a rotating magnetic field with 5 pairs of poles is generated by two-phase alternating current in a stator winding, and a static magnetic potential with 2 pairs of poles is generated by direct current; after the static magnetic field of 2 pairs of poles is subjected to magnetic field modulation action, 5 pairs of pole rotating magnetic fields are generated to be coupled with the armature rotating magnetic field, and stable high torque is generated.
Furthermore, the slot poles of the stator and the rotor of the motor are combined into 8/9, two-phase alternating current in a stator winding generates a rotating magnetic field with 5 pairs of poles, and the difference of the combination with 8/7 is that the direct current direction is reconstructed at the moment, and the direct current generates static magnetic potential with 4 pairs of poles; the static magnetic potential of 4 pairs of poles generates a rotating magnetic field of 5 pairs of poles after the magnetic field modulation effect is carried out, and the rotating magnetic field is coupled with the armature rotating magnetic field to generate stable high torque.
Furthermore, the motor adopts two-phase current for power supply work, and the inverter topological structure of the current control circuit adopts a 4-phase bridge type inversion structure, so that compared with the inverter topological structure of the current control circuit of the three-phase current power supply vernier motor, switching devices of 1/3 are reduced, the controller is simpler in structure and easy to control, and meanwhile, the cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-phase dc bias current vernier reluctance motor according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stator structure of embodiment 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of a rotor structure of the motor of embodiment 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the stator winding arrangement of the motor of embodiment 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-phase dc bias current vernier reluctance motor according to embodiment 2;
fig. 6 is a topology structure of an inverter circuit, wherein fig. 6(a) is a topology structure of a current control inverter of a current vernier motor with three-phase current, and fig. 6(b) is a topology structure of a current control inverter suitable for the present invention;
FIG. 7 shows the DC current I of the motors of examples 1 and 2dcBack-emf waveform vs. figure when 14A was applied alone;
FIG. 8 shows the AC current I of the motors of examples 1 and 2ac14A, direct current IdcTorque comparison at 14A;
wherein: 1-a stator; 2-an air gap; 3-a rotor; 4-stator winding; 5-stator teeth.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example 1
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a two-phase dc bias current vernier reluctance motor of embodiment 1, which includes a stator 1, an air gap 2, and a rotor 3, wherein the stator 1 is sleeved on the periphery of the rotor 3, the air gap 2 is provided between the stator and the rotor, and both the stator and the rotor adopt a double salient pole structure; the stator 1 comprises a stator yoke part, a stator end part and a stator winding 4, wherein the stator end part is composed of a plurality of uniformly distributed stator teeth 5, the stator winding 4 is connected in a fractional slot non-overlapping concentration mode and is alternately connected to half of the stator teeth 5; the air gap 2 has a large influence on the performance of the motor, and needs a proper air gap length, wherein the air gap length is optimally selected to be 0.3 mm. In example 1, the stator has 8 slots, the rotor has 7 slots, the stator winding has 5 pairs of poles, and the number of pairs of dc excitation poles is 2.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator of embodiment 1, the stator 1 is a salient-pole tooth slot structure, the stator has 8 stator teeth, wherein the stator windings 4 are all connected in a fractional-slot non-overlapping concentrated winding manner, and are alternately connected to 4 stator teeth, and the 4 teeth are industrially off-line in a single-tooth winding concentrated winding manner.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic view of a rotor structure of embodiment 1; the rotor 3 is a salient pole tooth socket structure, the iron core is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, 7 teeth are arranged along the circumference, and the 7 teeth play a role in modulating a magnetic field. The rotor is simple in structure, no winding or magnetic steel is arranged on the rotor, the robustness of the iron core structure is strong, and the rotor is suitable for high-speed operation.
The stator and rotor slot poles in the motor of the embodiment 1 are combined to be 8/7, a two-phase alternating current in a stator winding 4 generates a rotating magnetic field with 5 pairs of poles, and a direct current generates a static magnetic field with 2 pairs of poles; after the static magnetic field of 2 pairs of poles is modulated by magnetic field, 5 pairs of poles are generated to couple with the rotating magnetic field of armature, so generating stable torque.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the stator windings of embodiment 1, where the stator windings 4 are sequentially i in the counterclockwise direction or the clockwise directionA+、iB-、iA-、iB+The signs in the figure represent the current passing direction of each stator winding, the positive sign represents the current flowing in, and the negative sign represents the current flowing out. The stator winding 4 is fed with a composite current which is a direct current and a superposed alternating current, and the phase difference of the fed alternating current90 DEG, and the expression of the two-phase current introduced is as follows:
ωe＝Nr*ωr
wherein, IacIs the effective value of the AC component, IdcIs the mean value of the DC component, weIs the electrical angular frequency, a is the initial phase angle, wrIs the mechanical angular velocity.
The motor current control inverter of embodiment 1 adopts a four-phase topology as shown in fig. 6(B), wherein the motor of embodiment 1 is powered and driven by two-phase current, but since each phase is superimposed with direct current, in order to provide a path for the direct current, phase a current requires two-phase inverter bridges for driving, i.e., phase a +, phase a-, and phase B similarly requires two-phase inverter bridges for driving, i.e., phase B +, phase B-. Compared with the current inverter circuit of the current three-phase dc bias current vernier motor, as shown in fig. 6(a), the inverter circuit of the current three-phase dc bias current vernier motor can be simplified by using the two-phase dc bias current vernier motor, and the application of the switching device of 1/3 is reduced.
The motor of the embodiment 2 is shown in fig. 5, and the motor structure is basically the same, except that the slot pole fitting and the direct current flowing direction are different. As shown in fig. 5, the motor also belongs to a two-phase dc bias current vernier reluctance motor, in which the stator is 8 slots, the rotor is 9 slots, the stator winding 4 is 5 pairs of poles, and the number of pairs of dc excitation poles is 4. The structure is added with 2 rotor slots compared with the embodiment of figure 1; the stator winding 4 is led in a counterclockwise or clockwise directionThe current is sequentially iA+、iB+、iA-And iB-The purpose of this is to reconstruct the direction of the dc current so that it meets the slot pole fit.
By adopting the arrangement mode, on one hand, the expected number of pole pairs of the rotary fundamental wave magnetic field generated by the alternating current is ensured, on the other hand, the number of pole pairs of the static excitation magnetic field generated by the direct current is also ensured, and finally, the relation of the number of pole pairs, namely Pa＝|Nr±PdcL, wherein NrFor modulating the pole pair number, P, of the rotoraPole pair number, P, of fundamental magnetomotive force generated for alternating current component of stator winding currentdcThe pole pair number of the fundamental magnetomotive force generated for the dc component of the stator winding current.
To demonstrate the superior performance of the motor of the present invention, the back emf and torque were simulated and verified as shown in fig. 7 and 8. Fig. 7 is a waveform diagram of counter electromotive force under the action of direct current alone in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, and it can be seen that the introduction of direct current can increase the field magnetic field strength of the motor, generate counter electromotive force with considerable amplitude, and have positive effect on increasing the torque density of the motor. FIG. 8 shows the two slot pole combinations of the motors of examples 1 and 2, in the case of an alternating current Iac14A, direct current IdcThe torque comparison graph at 14A shows that the motor of the invention has high torque due to the matching structure of two slot poles. The 8/7/2/5 slot pole of example 1 matched more torque than the 8/9/4/5 slot pole of example 2, primarily due to the 8/7/2/5 slot pole matched having a greater pole ratio.
The invention utilizes two-phase direct current bias current to supply power to the vernier reluctance motor, thereby reducing the number of inverter switching tubes of the control circuit and reducing the cost of the motor; the application of the direct current bias current increases a direct current excitation magnetic field and ensures higher torque.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A two-phase direct current bias current vernier reluctance motor is characterized by comprising a stator (1) and a rotor (3);
the stator (1) and the rotor (3) both adopt a double-salient structure, the stator (1) is sleeved on the periphery of the rotor (3), and an air gap (2) is arranged between the stator and the rotor;
the stator (1) comprises a stator yoke, a stator end part and a stator winding (4), wherein a plurality of stator teeth (5) are uniformly distributed at the stator end part; the stator windings (4) are connected in a fractional slot non-overlapping concentration mode and are alternately connected to half of the stator teeth (5);
the stator winding (4) is powered by two-phase composite current, the two-phase composite current is direct current superposed with alternating current, and the phase difference of the introduced alternating current is 90 degrees.
2. Two-phase DC bias current vernier reluctance machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the stator winding (4) is fed with current i in sequence according to the counterclockwise or clockwise directionA+、iB-、iA-And iB+The expression is as follows:
wherein, IacIs the effective value of the AC component, IdcIs the mean value of the DC component, weIs the electrical angular frequency, and a is the initial phase angle.
3. The two-phase dc bias current vernier reluctance machine of claim 1 wherein the number of stator slots NsNumber of modulated pole pairs N of rotorrPole pair number P of fundamental magnetomotive force generated by alternating current component of stator winding currentaAnd the pole pair number P of the fundamental magnetomotive force generated by the DC component of the stator winding currentdcThe following relationship is satisfied:
NS4k, wherein k is an integer;
Pa＝|Nr±Pdc|。
4. two-phase dc-bias-current vernier reluctance machine according to claim 1, wherein the slot poles of the stator (1) and the rotor (3) are 8/7.
5. Two-phase dc-bias-current vernier reluctance machine according to claim 1, wherein the slot poles of the stator (1) and the rotor (3) are 8/9.
6. The two-phase dc bias current vernier reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein the inverter topology of the current control circuit is a 4-phase bridge inverter structure.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114552819A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-05-27 | 浙江大学 | Motor and method for measuring iron loss of motor |
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Application publication date: 20200313 |
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