CN110878774A - Hydraulic control system and control method for full-automatic hydraulic oil press - Google Patents
Hydraulic control system and control method for full-automatic hydraulic oil press Download PDFInfo
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- CN110878774A CN110878774A CN201911180144.9A CN201911180144A CN110878774A CN 110878774 A CN110878774 A CN 110878774A CN 201911180144 A CN201911180144 A CN 201911180144A CN 110878774 A CN110878774 A CN 110878774A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/16—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors
- F15B11/20—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with two or more servomotors controlling several interacting or sequentially-operating members
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/16—Control arrangements for fluid-driven presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/06—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors
- F15B13/07—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with two or more servomotors in distinct sequence
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/02—Servomotor systems with programme control derived from a store or timing device; Control devices therefor
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Control Of Presses (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a hydraulic control system and a hydraulic control method for a full-automatic hydraulic oil press.A hydraulic pump outlet of a hydraulic station is connected with a first switching valve, and the first switching valve is respectively connected with a first reversing valve and a second reversing valve through pipelines; the second reversing valve is connected with a cavity for lifting the lifting hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline, a pipeline for overflowing is arranged on the pipeline between the second reversing valve and the first reversing valve, a second overflow valve is arranged on the overflowing pipeline, and a pipeline for returning oil is arranged on the second reversing valve; the first reversing valve is respectively connected with the two end cavities of the main hydraulic cylinder through two pipelines, and the first reversing valve is provided with a pipeline for returning oil; and a first overflow valve is arranged at the outlet of the hydraulic pump. By adopting the scheme, the full-automatic oil pressing operation of the vertical oil press can be realized. Greatly reduces the mechanical labor of operators, improves the production efficiency and is particularly suitable for forming an automatic production line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of manufacturing of oil pressing equipment, in particular to a hydraulic control system and a control method of a full-automatic hydraulic oil press.
Background
Currently, most vertical hydraulic oil presses on the market are small-sized and manual, and there are relatively few fully automatic vertical hydraulic oil presses, such as a vertical high-efficiency oil press described in chinese patent document CN 207657241U and a hydraulic vertical oil press described in CN 102649320B. But the existing oil press is not convenient for taking out pressed cakes, and the labor intensity is higher. The existing hydraulic control usually adopts manual control, the operation of workers is easy to make mistakes, and the labor intensity is high, Chinese patent document CN203063145U discloses a disc type hydraulic vertical oil press which adopts a scheme of a high-low pressure overflow combination valve and a manual reversing valve to realize automatic control, but the high-low pressure overflow combination valve in the scheme is an unusual device, and the corresponding hydraulic control chart is not recorded in the document, so that the scheme is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a hydraulic control system and a control method for a full-automatic hydraulic oil press, which can realize full-automatic oil press control of the hydraulic oil press, and can realize automatic feeding and discharging in a preferred scheme.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a hydraulic control system of a full-automatic hydraulic oil press is characterized in that an outlet of a hydraulic pump of a hydraulic station is connected with a first switching valve, and the first switching valve is respectively connected with a first reversing valve and a second reversing valve through pipelines;
the second reversing valve is connected with a cavity for lifting the lifting hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline, a pipeline for overflowing is arranged on the pipeline between the second reversing valve and the first reversing valve, a second overflow valve is arranged on the overflowing pipeline, and a pipeline for returning oil is arranged on the second reversing valve;
the first reversing valve is respectively connected with the two end cavities of the main hydraulic cylinder through two pipelines, and the first reversing valve is provided with a pipeline for returning oil;
and a first overflow valve is arranged at the outlet of the hydraulic pump.
In a preferred embodiment, the relief pressure of the first relief valve is greater than the relief pressure of the second relief valve.
In a preferred scheme, the first switching valve is a 2-position switching valve;
the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off.
In a preferred scheme, a squeezing pipeline between the first reversing valve and the main hydraulic cylinder is also connected with an overflow pipeline, and a second switching valve and a third overflow valve are sequentially arranged on the overflow pipeline along an overflow path;
the second switching valve is a two-position valve and is respectively a cut-off position and a conducting position;
the relief pressure of the third relief valve is smaller than that of the first relief valve.
In a preferable scheme, a first flow sensor is arranged at an overflow port of the second overflow valve;
a second flow sensor is arranged at an overflow port of the first overflow valve;
and a third flow sensor is arranged at an overflow port of the third overflow valve.
In a preferred scheme, the second overflow valve, the first overflow valve and the third overflow valve are electrically connected with the input end of the PLC, or the first flow sensor, the second flow sensor and the third flow sensor are electrically connected with the input end of the PLC;
the output end of the PLC is electrically connected with the motor so as to control the starting, stopping and rotating speed of the motor;
the output end of the PLC is electrically connected with the first switching valve, the first reversing valve, the second reversing valve and the second switching valve.
In a preferred scheme, the first switching valve is a 3-position switching valve;
the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off;
the first switching valve is also connected with a third switching valve through a pipeline;
the third switching valve is connected with a third reversing valve, a fourth reversing valve and a fifth reversing valve through pipelines, the third reversing valve, the fourth reversing valve and the fifth reversing valve are connected with an oil return pipe, pipelines for overflowing are arranged on the pipelines between the third switching valve and the third reversing valve as well as between the fourth reversing valve and the fifth reversing valve, and a fourth overflow valve is arranged on the overflowing pipeline;
the third reversing valve is connected with the discharging driving cylinder;
the fourth reversing valve is connected with the feed chute driving cylinder
The fifth reversing valve is connected with the flashboard driving cylinder;
the third reversing valve, the fourth reversing valve and the fifth reversing valve are all three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off.
In a preferred scheme, a fourth flow sensor is arranged at an overflow port of the fourth overflow valve.
In a preferable scheme, the fourth overflow valve or the fourth flow sensor is electrically connected with the input end of the PLC, and the output end of the PLC is electrically connected with the third reversing valve, the fourth reversing valve and the fifth reversing valve.
An automatic control method adopting the hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press comprises the following steps:
s01, controlling the first switching valve to supply oil to the first switching valve, and switching the first switching valve to supply oil to the cavity below the main hydraulic cylinder so as to lift the pressure head;
s02, the first switching valve switches to supply oil to the third switching valve, the third switching valve is opened, the fourth switching valve is directly communicated, a piston rod of a feed chute driving cylinder extends out, so that the rotary feed chute rotates to the position above the charging bucket, and the fourth switching valve reaches a cut-off position;
a fifth reversing valve is directly connected, so that a piston rod of the flashboard driving cylinder extends out, and the flashboard is opened, so that the material to be squeezed enters the charging bucket, and automatic feeding is realized;
s03, when the weight signal acquired by the weighing sensor reaches a preset value, reversing the fifth reversing valve to close the gate plate, and reversing the fourth reversing valve to enable the rotary feeding chute to leave from the upper part of the charging bucket, so that the feeding process is completed;
in the control process, the strokes of the feed chute driving cylinder and the flashboard driving cylinder are controlled through the acquired overflow signal of the fourth overflow valve;
s04, the first switching valve switches to supply oil to the first switching valve, the second switching valve is conducted, and a pressure head of the main hydraulic cylinder is pressed down;
s05, until the third overflow valve overflows, acquiring an overflow signal to stop the second switching valve, and continuously pressing down the pressure head of the main hydraulic cylinder;
s06, until the first overflow valve overflows, acquiring an overflow signal, reversing the first reversing valve, and lifting a pressure head of the main hydraulic cylinder;
s07, the first switching valve switches to supply oil to the second switching valve, so that the lifting hydraulic cylinder lifts the charging basket until the second overflow valve overflows, an overflow signal is acquired, the second switching valve also has a stop position, and the second switching valve is switched to the stop position holding state;
s08, the first switching valve switches to supply oil to the third switching valve, the third switching valve is straight, a piston rod of the discharging driving cylinder extends out to drive the oil receiving disc to slide along the base sliding chute until the oil receiving disc inclines under the action of gravity, the slag cake is discharged in an inclined mode, and preferably, the slag cake falls onto a slag cake conveying belt on one side and is conveyed to the next procedure for centralized processing;
s09, reversing by a third reversing valve, driving the oil receiving disc to reset and slide along the base sliding groove until the oil receiving disc returns to the horizontal state under the action of gravity, and completing the resetting action of the unloaded oil receiving disc; the whole unloading action is completed;
s10, the first switching valve switches to supply oil to the second switching valve, the second switching valve switches to enable the lifting hydraulic cylinder to lower the charging bucket to the oil receiving disc, and the next squeezing operation is waited;
the full-automatic control of feeding, prepressing, squeezing and discharging is realized through the steps.
By adopting the scheme, the hydraulic control system and the control method of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press can realize the full-automatic oil pressing operation of the vertical oil press. In the preferred scheme, the branch circuit where the second switching valve and the third overflow valve are arranged realizes automatic switching between automatic pre-pressing and automatic oil pressing modes by setting different pressures. The flow sensor can accurately judge the overflow signal, avoid misjudgment, is not influenced by sealing and pressure-resistant requirements, and has low cost and high reliability. The third reversing valve, the fourth reversing valve and the fifth reversing valve are matched with the third switching valve and the fourth overflow valve, so that automatic feeding and automatic discharging can be realized. The hydraulic control system and the control method of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press can realize automatic oil pressing production, greatly reduce the mechanical labor of operators, improve the production efficiency, and are particularly suitable for forming an automatic production line.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
fig. 1 is a hydraulic control schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the present invention with a feeding device.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the discharging driving cylinder in the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the discharging cylinder in the discharging operation of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a top view of the present invention with a discharge device.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an automatic control structure according to the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a frame 1, a boom 2, a lifting hydraulic cylinder 3, a boom 4, a main hydraulic cylinder 5, a touch screen 6, a pressure head 7, a hydraulic station 8, a charging basket 9, an oil receiving pan 10, a motor 11, a hydraulic pump 12, a first switching valve 13, a first reversing valve 14, a second reversing valve 15, a first overflow valve 16, a second overflow valve 17, a third overflow valve 18, a fourth overflow valve 19, a second switching valve 20, a third reversing valve 21, a fourth reversing valve 22, a fifth reversing valve 23, a first flow sensor 24, a second flow sensor 25, a third flow sensor 26, a discharging driving cylinder 27, a feeding chute driving cylinder 28, a gate plate driving cylinder 29, a weighing hopper 30, a weighing sensor 31, a rotary material opening 32, a base sliding chute 33, a limiting block 331, a rotary feeding chute 34, a slag cake conveyer belt 35, a PLC36, a fourth flow sensor 37, a support 38, a squeezing pipeline 39 and a third switching valve 40.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 2 to 7, a full-automatic hydraulic oil press has the following structure: the oil press comprises a frame 1, wherein a main hydraulic cylinder 5 which is vertically installed is arranged in the frame 1, a charging basket 9 with a through structure is arranged below the main hydraulic cylinder 5, a pressure head 7 which slides along the inner wall of the charging basket 9 is arranged in the charging basket 9, the pressure head 7 is connected with the main hydraulic cylinder 5, an oil receiving disc 10 is arranged at the bottom of the charging basket 9, a lifting hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixedly arranged on the frame 1, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected with the charging basket 9 through a hanging rod 4 so as to lift the charging basket 9 after oil pressing is finished and take out cakes conveniently;
the oil receiving disc 10 is connected with the base sliding groove 33 in a sliding mode, the discharging driving cylinder 27 is arranged between the base sliding groove 33 and the oil receiving disc 10, and the discharging driving cylinder 27 is used for driving the oil receiving disc 10 to slide along the base sliding groove 33 to discharge squeezed cakes. From this structure, can utilize lifting hydraulic cylinder 3 to promote charging bucket 9 after accomplishing the operation of extracting oil, press the cake and then stay on connecing the food tray, connect food tray 10 roll-off through the drive of the driving cylinder 27 drive of unloading to the convenient cake of pressing of taking out reduces intensity of labour by a wide margin.
In a preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 6, the base sliding chute 33 limits the two sides of the oil receiving pan 10, one end of the discharging driving cylinder 27 is hinged with the oil receiving pan 10, the other end of the discharging driving cylinder 27 is hinged with the base sliding chute 33, the length of the base sliding chute 33 and the stroke of the discharging driving cylinder 27 are set to enable the oil receiving pan 10 to rotate for inclined discharging at an angle under the action of gravity after a piston rod of the discharging driving cylinder 27 is completely extended. Preferably, a slag cake conveyer belt 35 is arranged below the discharging position of the oil receiving pan 10, and more preferably, the slag cake conveyer belt 35 is arranged in the ground groove and conveys slag cakes to the next process for unified treatment. When the piston rod of the discharging driving cylinder 27 is completely retracted, the oil receiving tray 10 falls on the base sliding groove 33 under the action of gravity and is reset in a sliding manner. The oil receiving disc 10 reciprocates in the base sliding groove 33 in a teeterboard mode, and the discharging operation is realized by skillfully utilizing a driving mechanism. Specifically, the length of the base chute 33 is set such that when the piston rod of the discharge drive cylinder 27 is fully extended, the center of gravity of the drip pan 10 is pushed out of the end of the base chute 33. Thereby tilting the drip pan 10. And the discharge drive cylinder 27 can rotate therewith. Preferably, a structure for preventing collision is provided at the bottom of the oil pan 10, and stoppers for preventing the oil pan 10 from being separated from the base chute 33 are provided at both sides of the base chute 33.
In a preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 2-4, the frame 1 is a portal structure, and a cylinder body of a main hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected with the lower part of the top of the frame 1;
a piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected with a pressure head 7;
an oil passing hole for oil outlet is formed in the side wall of the charging bucket 9;
an edge for blocking oil is arranged around the oil receiving disc 10, an opening for oil outlet is arranged on the edge, and the charging basket 9 is movably arranged on the oil receiving disc 10; with this structure, installation and debugging are facilitated.
The lifting hydraulic cylinder 3 is arranged above the top of the frame 1, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected with the middle of the suspension arm 2, two ends of the suspension arm 2 are connected with the suspension rod 4, and the suspension rod 4 penetrates through the top of the frame 1 and is connected with the charging bucket 9. With the structure, the installation of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 3 is convenient, and after the charging basket 9 is lifted, no redundant shielding object is arranged around the cake squeezing, so that the operation of taking out the cake squeezing is convenient.
In a preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 4 and 7, a weighing hopper 30 is further arranged on one side of the rack 1, the weighing hopper 30 is in the prior art, as shown in fig. 4, a plurality of weighing sensors 31 are arranged on a bracket 38, and the weight of the materials in the weighing hopper 30 is weighed in a weightless manner through the weighing sensors 31, so that accurate feeding is realized.
The bottom of the weighing hopper 30 is provided with a rotary material opening 32, the rotary material opening 32 is connected with a rotary material inlet groove 34, and a material inlet groove driving cylinder 28 is arranged between the weighing hopper 30 and the rotary material inlet groove 34 so that the rotary material inlet groove 34 can move to the top position of the material barrel 9 or move away from the top position of the material barrel 9;
the bottom of the weighing hopper 30 is also provided with a gate plate, and a gate plate driving cylinder 29 is connected with the gate plate to drive the gate plate to open and close. When the material weighing device is used, the piston rod of the feed chute driving cylinder 28 extends out, the material opening of the rotary feed chute 34 is moved to the edge above the top opening of the material barrel 9, then the piston rod of the gate plate driving cylinder 29 extends out, the gate plate is opened, materials enter the material barrel 9 along the rotary feed chute 34, automatic feeding is achieved, when the weighing hopper 30 weighs the feeding weight, the feeding weight meets the set weight, the piston rod of the PLC driving gate plate driving cylinder 29 retracts, the gate plate is closed, the piston rod of the feed chute driving cylinder 28 retracts, the material opening of the rotary feed chute 34 is moved away from the top of the material barrel 9, and interference to the pressure head 7 is avoided. The ram drive cylinder 29 and the feed chute drive cylinder 28 in this example are hydraulic cylinders.
As shown in fig. 1, in a hydraulic control system of a full-automatic hydraulic oil press, an outlet of a hydraulic pump 12 of a hydraulic station 8 is connected with a first switching valve 13, and the first switching valve 13 is respectively connected with a first reversing valve 14 and a second reversing valve 15 through pipelines;
the second reversing valve 15 is connected with a cavity for lifting of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 3 through a pipeline, a pipeline for overflow is arranged on the pipeline between the second reversing valve 15 and the first reversing valve 13, a second overflow valve 17 is arranged on the pipeline for overflow, and a pipeline for oil return is arranged on the second reversing valve 15;
the first reversing valve 14 is respectively connected with the two end cavities of the main hydraulic cylinder 5 through two pipelines, and the first reversing valve 14 is provided with a pipeline for returning oil;
the outlet of the hydraulic pump 12 is provided with a first relief valve 16. With this configuration, the master cylinder 5 and the lift cylinder 3 are automatically controlled.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the relief pressure of the first relief valve 16 is greater than the relief pressure of the second relief valve 17.
In a preferred embodiment, the first switching valve 13 is a 2-position switching valve;
the first reversing valve 14 and the second reversing valve 15 are three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off. With this configuration, the operation control and state maintenance of the master cylinder 5 and the lift cylinder 3 are realized.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the pressing pipeline 39 between the first direction changing valve 14 and the master cylinder 5 is further connected to an overflow pipeline, and the second switching valve 20 and the third overflow valve 18 are sequentially arranged on the overflow pipeline along an overflow path;
the second switching valve 20 is a two-position valve, which is a cut-off position and a conduction position, respectively;
the relief pressure of the third relief valve 18 is smaller than the relief pressure of the first relief valve 16. With this configuration, the master cylinder 5 is controlled by the pressure of the third relief valve 18 to perform the pre-compression operation with a small pressure. Then, the second switching valve 20 is switched to a higher pressure to perform the oil squeezing operation.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a first flow sensor 24 is provided at the overflow port of the second overflow valve 17;
a second flow sensor 25 is arranged at the overflow port of the first overflow valve 16;
a third flow sensor 26 is provided at the relief port of the third relief valve 18. In the prior art, a digital overflow valve is adopted, but the scheme is high in price and the reliability needs to be improved. Preferably, the flow sensor is used as an overflow signal, so that the overflow signal is low in price, high in reliability and not easy to damage.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 8, the second overflow valve 17, the first overflow valve 16 and the third overflow valve 18 are electrically connected with the input end of the PLC36, or the first flow sensor 24, the second flow sensor 25 and the third flow sensor 26 are electrically connected with the input end of the PLC 36;
the output end of the PLC36 is electrically connected with the motor 11 to control the start, stop and rotation speed of the motor 11;
the output of the PLC36 is electrically connected to the first switching valve 13, the first direction switching valve 14, the second direction switching valve 15, and the second switching valve 20. With the structure, the signal of the overflow valve or the flow sensor is used as the feedback of automatic control, thereby realizing automatic control.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 8, the first switching valve 13 is a 3-position switching valve;
the first reversing valve 14 and the second reversing valve 15 are three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off;
the first switching valve 13 is also connected to the third switching valve 40 through a pipeline;
the third switching valve 40 is connected with the third reversing valve 21, the fourth reversing valve 22 and the fifth reversing valve 23 through pipelines, the third reversing valve 21, the fourth reversing valve 22 and the fifth reversing valve 23 are connected with an oil return pipe, pipelines for overflowing are arranged on the pipelines between the third switching valve 40 and the third reversing valve 21, between the fourth reversing valve 22 and between the fifth reversing valve 23, and a fourth overflow valve 19 is arranged on the overflowing pipeline;
the third reversing valve 21 is connected with a discharging driving cylinder 27;
the fourth diverter valve 22 is connected to a feed chute drive cylinder 28
The fifth reversing valve 23 is connected with a shutter driving cylinder 29;
the third reversing valve 21, the fourth reversing valve 22 and the fifth reversing valve 23 are all three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off.
In a preferred embodiment, a fourth flow sensor 37 is provided at the overflow port of the fourth overflow valve 19.
In a preferred scheme, the fourth overflow valve 19 or the fourth flow sensor 37 is electrically connected with the input end of the PLC36, and the output end of the PLC36 is electrically connected with the third reversing valve 21, the fourth reversing valve 22 and the fifth reversing valve 23. By the structure, automatic feeding and discharging operations of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press are realized.
Example 2:
on the basis of embodiment 1, an automatic control method adopting the hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press comprises the following steps:
s01, controlling the first switching valve 13 to supply oil to the first reversing valve 14, and switching the first reversing valve 14 to supply oil to the cavity below the main hydraulic cylinder 5 so as to lift the pressure head 7; it is preferable that the second switching valve 20 is in a conducting state, and a non-conducting state is also possible.
S02, the first switching valve 13 switches to supply oil to the third switching valve 40, the third switching valve 40 is opened, the fourth switching valve 22 is directly communicated, the piston rod of the feed chute driving cylinder 28 extends out, the rotary feed chute 34 rotates to the position above the charging bucket 9, and the fourth switching valve 22 is at a stop position;
the fifth reversing valve 23 is directly communicated, so that a piston rod of the flashboard driving cylinder 29 extends out, and the flashboard is opened, so that the material to be squeezed enters the charging bucket 9, and automatic feeding is realized;
s03, when the weight signal acquired by the weighing sensor 31 reaches a preset value, the fifth reversing valve 23 reverses to close the gate plate, and the fourth reversing valve 22 reverses to enable the rotary feeding chute 34 to leave from the upper part of the charging bucket 9, so that the feeding process is completed;
in the control process, the strokes of the feed chute driving cylinder 28 and the gate plate driving cylinder 29 are controlled through the acquired overflow signal of the fourth overflow valve 19;
s04, the first switching valve 13 switches the supply of oil to the first switching valve 14, and the second switching valve 20 is turned on, and the ram 7 of the master cylinder 5 is pressed down;
s05, until the third overflow valve 18 overflows, acquiring an overflow signal to stop the second switching valve 20, and continuously pressing down the pressure head 7 of the main hydraulic cylinder 5;
s06, until the first overflow valve 16 overflows, acquiring an overflow signal, reversing the first reversing valve 14, and lifting the pressure head 7 of the main hydraulic cylinder 5;
s07, the first switching valve 13 switches to supply oil to the second switching valve 15, so that the lifting hydraulic cylinder 3 lifts the charging basket 9 until the second overflow valve 17 overflows and an overflow signal is acquired, the second switching valve 15 also has a stop position, and the second switching valve 15 is switched to the stop position to be kept;
s08, the first switching valve 13 switches to supply oil to the third switching valve 40, the third switching valve 21 is straight, the piston rod of the discharging driving cylinder 27 extends out to drive the oil receiving disc 10 to slide along the base sliding chute 33 until the oil receiving disc tilts under the action of gravity, the slag cake is discharged obliquely, and preferably, the slag cake falls onto the slag cake conveying belt 35 on one side and is conveyed to the next working procedure for centralized processing.
S09, reversing by the third reversing valve 21, driving the oil receiving disc 10 to reset and slide along the base sliding groove 33 until the oil receiving disc returns to the horizontal state under the action of gravity, and completing the resetting action of the unloaded oil receiving disc 10; and finishing the whole unloading action.
S10, the first switching valve 13 switches to supply oil to the second switching valve 15, the second switching valve 15 switches, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder 3 enables the charging bucket 9 to be placed on the oil receiving disc 10 to wait for the next squeezing operation.
The full-automatic control of feeding, prepressing, squeezing and discharging is realized through the steps.
The full-automatic hydraulic oil press has the advantages that: the hydraulic pressure is adjustable through a variable frequency motor; manual and automatic control can be freely switched through the touch screen 6; the stroke and the running frequency are both adjustable; reasonable in design, simple to use, easy maintenance. The production line is prepared, the production efficiency is high, and the one-time yield is large; one person can simultaneously operate the whole production line, so that the cost is reduced. In particular, the structure of the invention is very suitable for cold pressing production of woody oil.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a full-automatic hydraulic oil press hydraulic control system which characterized by: an outlet of a hydraulic pump (12) of the hydraulic station (8) is connected with a first switching valve (13), and the first switching valve (13) is respectively connected with a first reversing valve (14) and a second reversing valve (15) through pipelines;
the second reversing valve (15) is connected with a cavity for lifting of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (3) through a pipeline, a pipeline for overflowing is arranged on the pipeline between the second reversing valve (15) and the first reversing valve (13), a second overflow valve (17) is arranged on the overflowing pipeline, and a pipeline for returning oil is arranged on the second reversing valve (15);
the first reversing valve (14) is respectively connected with the cavities at the two ends of the main hydraulic cylinder (5) through two pipelines, and the first reversing valve (14) is provided with a pipeline for returning oil;
the outlet of the hydraulic pump (12) is provided with a first overflow valve (16).
2. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 1, wherein: the overflow pressure of the first overflow valve (16) is greater than that of the second overflow valve (17).
3. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 1, wherein: the first switching valve (13) is a 2-position switching valve;
the first reversing valve (14) and the second reversing valve (15) are three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off.
4. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 3, wherein: a squeezing pipeline (39) between the first reversing valve (14) and the main hydraulic cylinder (5) is also connected with an overflow pipeline, and a second switching valve (20) and a third overflow valve (18) are sequentially arranged on the overflow pipeline along an overflow path;
the second switching valve (20) is a two-position valve and is respectively a cut-off position and a conducting position;
the relief pressure of the third relief valve (18) is lower than the relief pressure of the first relief valve (16).
5. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 4, wherein: a first flow sensor (24) is arranged at an overflow port of the second overflow valve (17);
a second flow sensor (25) is arranged at an overflow port of the first overflow valve (16);
a third flow sensor (26) is provided at the overflow port of the third overflow valve (18).
6. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to any one of claims 3 and 4, characterized in that: the second overflow valve (17), the first overflow valve (16) and the third overflow valve (18) are electrically connected with the input end of the PLC (36), or the first flow sensor (24), the second flow sensor (25) and the third flow sensor (26) are electrically connected with the input end of the PLC (36);
the output end of the PLC (36) is electrically connected with the motor (11) to control the starting, stopping and rotating speed of the motor (11);
the output end of the PLC (36) is electrically connected with the first switching valve (13), the first reversing valve (14), the second reversing valve (15) and the second switching valve (20).
7. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 6, wherein: the first switching valve (13) is a 3-position switching valve;
the first reversing valve (14) and the second reversing valve (15) are three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off;
the first switching valve (13) is also connected with a third switching valve (40) through a pipeline;
the third switching valve (40) is connected with the third reversing valve (21), the fourth reversing valve (22) and the fifth reversing valve (23) through pipelines, the third reversing valve (21), the fourth reversing valve (22) and the fifth reversing valve (23) are connected with an oil return pipe, pipelines for overflowing are arranged on the pipelines between the third switching valve (40) and the third reversing valve (21), between the fourth reversing valve (22) and between the fifth reversing valve (23), and a fourth overflow valve (19) is arranged on the overflowing pipeline;
the third reversing valve (21) is connected with the discharging driving cylinder (27);
the fourth reversing valve (22) is connected with a feed chute driving cylinder (28)
The fifth reversing valve (23) is connected with a flashboard driving cylinder (29);
the third reversing valve (21), the fourth reversing valve (22) and the fifth reversing valve (23) are three-position valves, one position is straight, the other position is reversed, and the middle position is cut off.
8. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 7, wherein: and a fourth flow sensor (37) is arranged at an overflow port of the fourth overflow valve (19).
9. The hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: the fourth overflow valve (19) or the fourth flow sensor (37) is electrically connected with the input end of the PLC (36), and the output end of the PLC (36) is electrically connected with the third reversing valve (21), the fourth reversing valve (22) and the fifth reversing valve (23).
10. An automatic control method using the hydraulic control system of the full-automatic hydraulic oil press according to claim 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s01, controlling the first switching valve (13) to supply oil to the first reversing valve (14), and switching the first reversing valve (14) to supply oil to a cavity below the main hydraulic cylinder (5) so as to lift the pressure head (7);
s02, the first switching valve (13) switches to supply oil to the third switching valve (40), the third switching valve (40) is opened, the fourth switching valve (22) is straight, a piston rod of the feed chute driving cylinder (28) extends out, the rotary feed chute (34) rotates to the position above the charging bucket (9), and the fourth switching valve (22) is in a stop position;
the fifth reversing valve (23) is directly communicated, so that a piston rod of the flashboard driving cylinder (29) extends out, and the flashboard is opened, so that the material to be squeezed enters the charging basket (9), and automatic feeding is realized;
s03, when the weight signal acquired by the weighing sensor (31) reaches a preset value, the fifth reversing valve (23) reverses to close the gate plate, the fourth reversing valve (22) reverses to enable the rotary feeding chute (34) to leave from the upper part of the charging bucket (9), and the feeding process is completed;
in the control process, the strokes of a feed chute driving cylinder (28) and a gate plate driving cylinder (29) are controlled through the acquired overflow signal of the fourth overflow valve (19);
s04, the first switching valve (13) switches to supply oil to the first switching valve (14), the second switching valve (20) is conducted, and the pressure head (7) of the main hydraulic cylinder (5) is pressed downwards;
s05, until the third overflow valve (18) overflows, acquiring an overflow signal, stopping the second switching valve (20), and continuously pressing down the pressure head (7) of the main hydraulic cylinder (5);
s06, until the first overflow valve (16) overflows, acquiring an overflow signal, reversing the first reversing valve (14), and lifting a pressure head (7) of the main hydraulic cylinder (5);
s07, the first switching valve (13) switches to supply oil to the second switching valve (15), so that the lifting hydraulic cylinder (3) lifts the charging basket (9) until the second overflow valve (17) overflows, an overflow signal is acquired, the second switching valve (15) also has a stop position, and the second switching valve (15) is switched to the stop position holding state;
s08, the first switching valve (13) switches to supply oil to the third switching valve (40), the third switching valve (21) is straight, a piston rod of the discharging driving cylinder (27) extends out to drive the oil receiving disc (10) to slide along the base sliding chute (33) until the oil receiving disc tilts under the action of gravity, the slag cake is discharged obliquely, and preferably, the slag cake falls onto the slag cake conveying belt (35) on one side and is conveyed to the next procedure for centralized processing;
s09, reversing by a third reversing valve (21), driving the oil receiving disc (10) to reset and slide along the base sliding groove (33) until the oil receiving disc returns to the horizontal state under the action of gravity, and completing the reset action of the discharged oil receiving disc (10); the whole unloading action is completed;
s10, the first switching valve (13) switches to supply oil to the second switching valve (15), the second switching valve (15) switches, so that the lifting hydraulic cylinder (3) can lower the charging bucket (9) to the oil receiving disc (10) to wait for the next squeezing operation;
the full-automatic control of feeding, prepressing, squeezing and discharging is realized through the steps.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN111637111A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2020-09-08 | 徐州徐工矿业机械有限公司 | Get-off tensioning hydraulic system of super-tonnage excavator |
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| CN110878774B (en) | 2021-11-26 |
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