CN110877182B - Welding tool for assembling and welding pantograph mounting seat and welding method for pantograph mounting seat - Google Patents

Welding tool for assembling and welding pantograph mounting seat and welding method for pantograph mounting seat Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110877182B
CN110877182B CN201911287332.1A CN201911287332A CN110877182B CN 110877182 B CN110877182 B CN 110877182B CN 201911287332 A CN201911287332 A CN 201911287332A CN 110877182 B CN110877182 B CN 110877182B
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pantograph
welding
tool
positioning
plate
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CN110877182A (en
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周强
阳绪文
李灏
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Hunan Lince Rolling Stock Equipment Co Ltd
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Hunan Lince Rolling Stock Equipment Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K37/04Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
    • B23K37/0426Fixtures for other work
    • B23K37/0435Clamps
    • B23K37/0443Jigs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K31/00Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
    • B23K31/003Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to controlling of welding distortion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K37/00Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pantograph installation, and discloses a welding tool for welding a pantograph installation seat set and a welding method for the pantograph installation seat, which comprise a tool frame, and a flatness control unit and a height positioning unit which are installed on the tool frame, wherein the flatness control unit comprises a plurality of positioning plates which are arranged according to the number, the size and the relative positions of pantograph installation seats of a city train; the height positioning unit comprises a plurality of positioning columns which are arranged on the tool framework in the same direction as the positioning plates, the heights of the positioning columns are larger than the thickness of the positioning plates, and the height difference is equal to the distance difference between the upper surface of the pantograph mounting seat and the surface of the pantograph plate. The flatness control unit and the height positioning unit are combined, so that the flatness between the upper surfaces of the pantograph mounting seats is effectively ensured to meet requirements.

Description

Welding tool for assembling and welding pantograph mounting seat and welding method for pantograph mounting seat
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pantograph installation, in particular to a welding tool for welding a pantograph installation seat assembly and a welding method for the pantograph installation seat.
Background
With the accelerated development of urbanization in China, cities show a multi-center or radial development trend, meanwhile, a large number of satellite cities rise, so that a large amount of commuting traffic is generated inside city regions, at the periphery of central urban areas and in specific directions (between suburb new cities or airports and the central urban areas), the traffic jam problem becomes a bottleneck restricting the further development of urbanization, and the bottleneck is thoroughly broken through by the generation of urban fast rail trains.
The urban fast rail train adopts a pantograph with a double power supply system and has a dynamic automatic switching function. However, the height of the pantograph insulator of the urban train is three times as high as that of the insulator of the urban rail vehicle, which means that the requirement on the flatness between the upper surfaces of pantograph installation seats on the aluminum alloy vehicle body framework is extremely high when the pantograph is installed on the urban train.
The pantograph mounting seats of the urban train are three in number and are mounted in the central position of the pantograph mounting plate with the size of about 60x1800x3600mm, the mounting heights, the relative position sizes and the flatness between the upper surfaces of the three mounting seats have high design requirements, and the production process is difficult. And because the insulator is higher, the fluctuation of the flatness of the upper surface of the pantograph installation seat can be greatly amplified through angle factors, and the installation of the pantograph is influenced finally.
In order to ensure the successful assembly of the pantograph, the flatness value between the upper surfaces of pantograph installation seats on an aluminum alloy vehicle body framework must be reduced as much as possible, but since a train in the city is born soon, no special tool is provided at present for effectively controlling the flatness between the welded upper surfaces of the pantograph installation seats.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the welding tool for assembly welding, which has a simple structure and can ensure that the flatness between the upper surfaces of the pantograph installation seats of the trains in the urban area meets the assembly requirements of the pantograph.
The invention also provides a welding method of the pantograph mounting seat, which ensures the welding effect of the pantograph plate and the pantograph mounting seat.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a welding tool for assembling and welding pantograph mounting seats of city trains comprises a tool frame, and a flatness control unit and a height positioning unit which are arranged on the tool frame, wherein the flatness control unit comprises a plurality of positioning plates which are arranged according to the number, the size and the relative positions of the pantograph mounting seats of the city trains; the height positioning unit comprises a plurality of positioning columns which are arranged on the tool framework in the same direction as the positioning plates, the heights of the positioning columns are larger than the thickness of the positioning plates, and the height difference is equal to the distance difference between the upper surface of the pantograph mounting seat and the surface of the pantograph plate.
Furthermore, the positioning plate is a disc, and the flatness of the surface, attached to the pantograph mounting base, of the positioning plate is less than or equal to 0.5.
Furthermore, the whole tool framework is of a triangular structure and comprises three side long sections, wherein two side long sections are connected by adopting a straight section at the position close to the vertex angle of the triangular structure; the locating plate quantity is three, and two locating plates set up respectively on two apex angles of frock frame, and a locating plate setting is on straight section.
Furthermore, the number of the positioning columns is four, and every two positioning columns are distributed at two ends of the edge long section connected with two ends of the straight section.
Still further, reference column terminal surface edge has the chamfer.
Furthermore, a lifting lug convenient to lift is further arranged on the tool frame.
Still further, the lug quantity is three and distributes respectively at two summits of frock frame and straight section department.
Still further, the tool frame is made of a square pipe with the wall thickness of 5-7 mm, the width of the square pipe is 23-28 mm, and the height of the square pipe is 48-52 mm.
A method for welding a pantograph mounting seat by adopting the welding tool for assembling and welding the pantograph mounting seats of the urban trains comprises the following steps:
s1, assembling a pantograph mounting base with a steel screw sleeve, pre-installing the steel screw sleeve on a through hole of a positioning plate, and pre-tightening a group of through holes in diagonal positions on the positioning plate by using a connecting piece through one pantograph mounting base;
s2, hoisting the welding tool by using a lifting appliance, preheating the position to be welded of the pantograph mounting seat, then hoisting the welding tool to the pantograph plate, and adjusting the direction to enable the pantograph mounting seat to be arranged in the corresponding hole position of the pantograph plate;
s3, loosening the lifting appliance to enable the height positioning unit to bear the whole welding tool, and tightly twisting the connecting piece at the pre-tightening position of the through hole with 18-25N of force to enable the pantograph mounting seat to be welded to the pantograph plate;
and S4, unloading the welding tool after the welding seam is cooled.
Further, the welding tool needs to perform flame straightening and aging treatment before the positioning plate is subjected to flatness processing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the flatness control unit and the height positioning unit are combined, the flatness of each positioning plate is controlled so as to ensure that the flatness control unit is integrally matched with the size and position layout of each pantograph installation seat, and after each pantograph installation seat is installed and matched with the welding tool, the flatness between the upper surfaces of the pantograph installation seats can be effectively ensured to meet the requirements;
2) the height positioning unit is arranged at the position closest to the flatness control unit, so that errors caused by deflection of the pantograph plate in the width direction to the mounting height of the pantograph mounting seat are avoided, and the mounting height size of the pantograph mounting seat can be accurately ensured;
3) the tool frame is designed in a triangular mode, so that the welding tool is endowed with high overall stability, and the tool frame is made of square tubes, so that the self weight of the tool frame is remarkably reduced, and meanwhile, the bending deformation caused by fatigue can be avoided;
4) because this welding frock is to the limiting displacement of pantograph mount pad, can guarantee that pantograph mount pad and pantograph board do not produce welding deformation basically in welding process, the upper surface plane degree can be guaranteed within 1mm between the pantograph mount pad behind the uninstallation welding frock, satisfies design and follow-up assembly requirement completely.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a welding tool for welding pantograph mount assemblies of a city train according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a welding fixture for assembling and welding pantograph mounts of a city train according to embodiment 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the pantograph mount and the positioning plate according to embodiment 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description, wherein the drawings are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be limiting; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a welding tool for assembling and welding 160KW pantograph mounts of a train in the urban area is provided to ensure that the flatness between the upper surfaces of the pantograph mounts meets the assembly requirements of the pantograph, and the welding tool comprises a tool frame 1, a flatness control unit and a height positioning unit, wherein the flatness control unit comprises three positioning plates 2 arranged according to the number, the size and the relative positions of the pantograph mounts of the train in the urban area, each pantograph mount a is correspondingly attached with one positioning plate 2, the flatness of the surfaces, attached with the pantograph mounts, of the positioning plates is less than or equal to 0.5, the overall flatness of the flatness control unit is adapted to the pantograph mounts, and through holes 21 are formed in the positioning plates 2 for the pantograph mounts a; the height positioning unit comprises a plurality of positioning columns 3 which are arranged on the tool framework 1 in the same direction as the positioning plate 2, the height of each positioning column 3 is larger than the thickness of the corresponding positioning plate 2, and the height difference between the positioning columns and the positioning plate is equal to the distance difference between the upper surface of the pantograph mounting seat and the surface of the pantograph plate.
The tool frame 1 is used for connecting the flatness control unit and the height positioning unit in series and connecting the flatness control unit and the height positioning unit, is of a triangular structure as a whole to ensure the structural stability of the welding tool, and specifically comprises three side long sections, wherein two side long sections are connected by adopting a straight section 12 at the position close to the vertex angle of the triangular structure; two of the three positioning plates are respectively arranged on two vertex angles 11 of the tool framework, and the other positioning plate is arranged on the straight section 12.
The tool frame 1 is made of a square pipe with the wall thickness of 6mm, the square pipe is 25mm wide and 50mm high, the square pipe with the width-to-height ratio can improve the strength to the maximum extent, the problem that the flatness of the lower surface of a flatness control unit is invalid due to self weight and transfer storage of a welding tool in the using process is avoided, and the square pipe can effectively reduce the self weight of the welding tool while the strength is met.
The positioning plates 2 are stainless steel discs with the thickness of 25mm, the outer edge structures of the three positioning plates are welded on a tool frame according to the size and the relative position of the pantograph installation seats, after welding, the three positioning plates are integrally machined by a numerical control milling machine according to the actual size and the relative position of the three pantograph installation seats, the flatness control unit is ensured to be completely matched with the size and the position layout of the three pantograph installation seats, through holes in the three positioning plates are in one-to-one correspondence with hole positions on the pantograph installation seats, and the diameter of each through hole is larger than the outer diameter of a steel screw sleeve on the pantograph installation seats.
The 3 quantity of reference columns are four, arrange respectively in the corner of frock frame according to the structural strength requirement, specifically, every two reference columns distribute at the both ends with the limit long section that straight section both ends meet. The height positioning unit is arranged at the position closest to the flatness control unit, so that errors caused by deflection of the pantograph plate in the width direction are avoided, and the installation height size of the pantograph installation seat is conveniently and accurately ensured.
The setting process of the positioning column is as follows: four round rods with the length of 50mm are welded to the tool frame according to the position requirement, then the height distance from the lower surface of the height positioning unit (namely the lower end face of the positioning column) to the lower surface of the flatness control unit is processed in a whole numerical control mode as a parameter according to the installation distance from the upper surface of the pantograph mounting seat to the surface of the pantograph plate, and the end face edge of the positioning column needs to be rounded for avoiding the fact that the height positioning unit presses the pantograph plate when bearing the weight of the whole tool frame.
In addition, for the welding of the pantograph mount pad of light going on, still be equipped with the lug 4 of the handling of being convenient for on the frock frame 1 and be convenient for transport, lug quantity is three and distributes respectively in two summits 11 and straight section 12 departments of frock frame to evenly lift by crane the welding frock.
Example 2
A method for welding a pantograph mounting seat by adopting the welding tool for assembling and welding the pantograph mounting seats of the urban trains comprises the following steps:
s1, assembling a pantograph mounting seat A with a steel threaded sleeve, pre-installing the steel threaded sleeve on through holes of a positioning plate 2, and pre-tightening a group of through holes in diagonal positions on the positioning plate by using a connecting piece 5 of the pantograph mounting seat, wherein the through holes are shown in figure 3;
s2, hoisting the welding tool by using a universal hoisting tool, preheating positions to be welded of three pantograph installation bases, hoisting the preheated positions to the pantograph plates, and adjusting the direction to enable the pantograph installation bases to be installed in corresponding hole positions of the pantograph plates;
s3, loosening the lifting appliance to enable the height positioning unit to bear the whole welding tool, tightly twisting the connecting piece at the pre-tightening position of the through hole by 18N-25N force, preferably 20N force, and enabling the pantograph mounting seat to be welded to the pantograph plate;
and S4, after welding is finished, unloading the welding tool after the to-be-welded joint is cooled, lifting away the welding tool, storing according to process requirements, and waiting for starting of a next vehicle. Because the limiting effect of welding frock in the pantograph mount pad welding process, can not produce welding deformation basically, the upper surface plane degree also can be guaranteed within 1mm between the pantograph mount pad behind the uninstallation welding frock, satisfies design and follow-up assembly requirement completely.
Specifically, the auxiliary operation time from preheating in S2 to formal welding in S3 is not more than three minutes, the preheating temperature is easy to control, and the process requirement of the special welding procedure can be met and the welding quality can be ensured.
The welding frock of this embodiment also probably produces welding deformation when welding by itself, consequently, send numerical control processing to behind the welding flatness control unit and the high positioning unit to the frock frame before need carry out flame correction, and should wholly do ageing treatment to eliminate the internal stress that arouses because the welding, paint treatment is carried out to the ageing treatment after the ageing treatment, guarantees product life, and paint must use high-quality lacquer, and paint must not have the granular sensation, and the gloss is suitable, does not flow and weighs down, brush mark. The site is cleaned during construction, and the dust-carrying processes such as the movement of personnel on the paint site are reduced as much as possible. And after the painting process is finished, the welding tool needs to be inspected by a laser inspection method, so that the precision of the welding tool is ensured.
The welding frock is welded in municipal train pantograph mount pad assembly welding of this embodiment utilizes the overall structure of high accuracy to control the position precision between each singleton through high goodness of fit global design thinking: according to the design size and the installation position of three pantograph installation bases, a flatness control unit is designed one by one, the flatness of the upper surface of each installation base is equal to the machining flatness of the lower surface of the flatness control unit after the pantograph installation bases are fastened to the flatness control unit through bolts, the whole structure is simple and novel, the parts are convenient to assemble during welding, the labor intensity can be effectively reduced, the operation efficiency is improved, and the welding deformation can be effectively reduced while the position precision of each welding part is ensured.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A welding tool for welding pantograph mounting seats is characterized by comprising a tool frame, and a flatness control unit and a height positioning unit which are arranged on the tool frame, wherein the flatness control unit comprises a plurality of positioning plates which are arranged according to the number, the size and the relative positions of pantograph mounting seats of a train in a city, each pantograph mounting seat is correspondingly attached with one positioning plate, the integral flatness of the flatness control unit is matched with the pantograph mounting seats, and through holes are formed in the positioning plates for mounting the pantograph mounting seats; the height positioning unit comprises a plurality of positioning columns which are arranged on the tool framework in the same direction as the positioning plate, the heights of the positioning columns are larger than the thickness of the positioning plate, and the height difference is equal to the distance difference between the upper surface of the pantograph mounting seat and the surface of the pantograph plate;
the whole tool framework is of a triangular structure and comprises three side long sections, wherein two side long sections are connected by adopting a straight section at the position close to the vertex angle of the triangular structure; the locating plate quantity is three, and two locating plates set up respectively on two apex angles of frock frame, and a locating plate setting is on straight section.
2. The welding tool for assembling and welding the pantograph mount according to claim 1, wherein the positioning plate is a circular disc, and the flatness of the surface of the positioning plate, which is attached to the pantograph mount, is less than or equal to 0.5.
3. The welding tool for assembling and welding the pantograph mount according to claim 1, wherein the number of the positioning posts is four, and two positioning posts are distributed at two ends of the side length section connected to two ends of the straight section.
4. The welding tool for assembling and welding the pantograph mount according to claim 3, wherein an edge of an end face of the positioning post is chamfered.
5. The welding tool for assembling and welding the pantograph mounts according to claim 1, wherein a lifting lug convenient to lift is further arranged on the tool frame.
6. The welding tool for welding the pantograph mount set of claim 5, wherein the number of the lifting lugs is three and the lifting lugs are respectively distributed at two vertexes and the straight section of the tool frame.
7. The welding tool for assembling and welding the pantograph mount according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the tool frame is made of a square tube with a wall thickness of 5 to 7mm, and the square tube has a width of 23 to 28mm and a height of 48 to 52 mm.
8. A method for welding a pantograph mount by using the welding tool for assembling and welding a pantograph mount according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the following steps:
s1, assembling a pantograph mounting base with a steel screw sleeve, pre-installing the steel screw sleeve on a through hole of a positioning plate, and pre-tightening a group of through holes in diagonal positions on the positioning plate by using a connecting piece through one pantograph mounting base;
s2, hoisting the welding tool by using a lifting appliance, preheating the position to be welded of the pantograph mounting seat, then hoisting the welding tool to the pantograph plate, and adjusting the direction to enable the pantograph mounting seat to be arranged in the corresponding hole position of the pantograph plate;
s3, loosening the lifting appliance to enable the height positioning unit to bear the whole welding tool, and tightly twisting the connecting piece at the pre-tightening position of the through hole with 18-25N of force to enable the pantograph mounting seat to be welded to the pantograph plate;
and S4, unloading the welding tool after the welding seam is cooled.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the welding tool is flame straightened and aged before the alignment plate is machined to provide flatness.
CN201911287332.1A 2019-12-14 2019-12-14 Welding tool for assembling and welding pantograph mounting seat and welding method for pantograph mounting seat Active CN110877182B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112797947B (en) * 2021-01-04 2023-01-24 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 Flatness detection tool and assembly method of rail vehicle body

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