CN110866668A - Battery changing station service capability assessment method and battery changing station service resource scheduling system - Google Patents

Battery changing station service capability assessment method and battery changing station service resource scheduling system Download PDF

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CN110866668A
CN110866668A CN201810986260.9A CN201810986260A CN110866668A CN 110866668 A CN110866668 A CN 110866668A CN 201810986260 A CN201810986260 A CN 201810986260A CN 110866668 A CN110866668 A CN 110866668A
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order
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CN110866668B (en
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冯文中
薛畅
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NIO Holding Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a service capability evaluation method for a power change station, which comprises the following steps: receiving a first batch of at least one order; determining a second batch of at least one order; determining whether the first order can obtain the battery replacement service; the first order is any order in the first batch of at least one order; and scheduling a first time period for the first order, so that the service resources corresponding to the first order during the first time period do not occupy the service resources corresponding to the second at least one order during the first time period. The granularity of the evaluation method is finer, so that the use experience of the battery replacement user is improved, and the service resources of the battery replacement station can be scheduled more reasonably.

Description

Battery changing station service capability assessment method and battery changing station service resource scheduling system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric automobiles, in particular to a power conversion station service capability assessment method and a power conversion station service resource scheduling system.
Background
The power conversion station is a novel service station for serving the electric automobile. The low-power battery of the electric automobile is replaced by a mechanical device, the low-power battery is placed in a battery jar for charging, and then the fully charged battery stored in the station is installed on the electric automobile. The service mode can provide quick and convenient battery replacement service for the electric automobile.
In the order placing process of the battery replacement service, the preferred service scheme is generally determined by calculating the service capacity and the available service time of the battery replacement station. Compared with a conventional service scheme, the optimal service scheme can remarkably improve the service capability of the battery replacement station, so that limited service resources can provide battery replacement service for electric automobiles as much as possible, and therefore calculation of the service capability of the battery replacement station is the basis for providing the optimal service scheme.
However, the existing method for calculating the service capability of the power conversion station usually focuses on the current service resources and the statistical analysis of the service capability of the service personnel, and the service resources occupied by the existing order in a period of time in the future are not fully considered. In other words, in the aspect of service resource scheduling, the time granularity on which the swapping station service resource scheduling system is based when scheduling resources is relatively coarse, and general consideration or forward-looking evaluation is not provided for the occupation situation of the service resources within a period of time in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a service capability evaluation method for a power conversion station, which can evaluate the service capability of the power conversion station with finer time granularity.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a technical scheme as follows:
a method for evaluating service capability of a power swapping station comprises the following steps: a) receiving a first batch of at least one order; the first batch of at least one order is a set of orders applying for the battery replacement service to the battery replacement station; b) determining a second batch of at least one order; the second batch of at least one order is a set of orders for providing the battery replacement service for the battery replacement station; and c), determining whether the first order can obtain the battery replacement service; the first order is any order in the first batch of at least one order; wherein step c) comprises: and scheduling a first time period for the first order, so that the service resources corresponding to the first order during the first time period do not occupy the service resources corresponding to the second at least one order during the first time period.
Preferably, the method further comprises step d): and c) respectively executing step c) for each order in the first batch of at least one order to evaluate the service capability of the power exchange station.
Preferably, the service resources comprise at least one of: battery replacement equipment; a charging device; working time periods of staff in the power change station; and parking spaces.
Preferably, scheduling the first time period for the first order comprises: determining a second time period according to the expected battery replacement service time of the first order; wherein the second time period comprises a plurality of planning time periods that are consecutive to each other; determining the occupation degree of service resources in a second time period; the first time period is determined based on a second time period in which the occupancy level of the service resource is lowest or below a respective threshold.
Preferably, step c) further comprises: and rejecting the first order if the service resources corresponding to the first order during the first time period occupy at least a part of the service resources corresponding to the second at least one order during the first time period.
Preferably, step d) comprises: and evaluating the service capacity of the battery replacement station in the third time period based on the proportion of the number of the orders capable of obtaining the battery replacement service in the third time period in the first batch of at least one order to the total number of the first batch of at least one order.
Preferably, step d) comprises: and evaluating the service capacity based on each order of the first at least one order capable of obtaining the battery replacement service in the third time period and the corresponding urgency weight.
Preferably, step c) further comprises: and adding the first order capable of obtaining the battery replacement service into the second batch of at least one order, and/or excluding the first batch of at least one order.
The invention also discloses a system for scheduling the service resources of the battery changing station, which comprises the following steps: the order receiving unit is used for receiving a first batch of at least one order; the first batch of at least one order is a set of orders applying for the battery replacement service to the battery replacement station; the order query unit is used for determining at least one order of the second batch; the second batch of at least one order is a set of orders for providing the battery replacement service for the battery replacement station; the order processing unit is respectively coupled with the order receiving unit and the order query unit and is used for determining whether the first order can obtain the battery replacement service; the first order is any order in the first batch of at least one order; wherein the order processing unit is configured to: and scheduling a first time period for the first order, so that the service resources corresponding to the first order during the first time period do not occupy the service resources corresponding to the second at least one order during the first time period.
Preferably, the system further comprises a capacity evaluation unit coupled to the order processing unit for evaluating the service capacity of the power conversion station.
Preferably, the capacity evaluation unit calculates a weighted sum of the urgency degrees of the orders of the first batch of at least one order capable of obtaining the battery replacement service in the third time period to determine the service capacity of the battery replacement station in the third time period.
The method for evaluating the service capacity of the battery changing station, provided by the invention, takes various service resources involved in the battery changing service into consideration, so that the granularity of evaluation is finer, the method can also schedule a most appropriate service time period for a newly-entered order according to the occupation degree of the service resources, and the methods not only improve the use experience of a battery changing user, but also can more reasonably schedule the service resources of the battery changing station, and are favorable for the efficient utilization of the service resources.
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Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for evaluating a service capability of a power swapping station according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a power swapping station service resource scheduling system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In the present invention, specific numerical references such as "first element", "second device", and the like may be made. However, specific numerical references should not be construed as necessarily subject to their literal order, but rather construed as "first element" as opposed to "second element".
The specific details set forth herein are merely exemplary and may be varied while remaining within the spirit and scope of the invention. The term "coupled" is defined to mean either directly connected to a component or indirectly connected to the component via another component.
Preferred embodiments of methods, systems and devices suitable for implementing the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although embodiments are described with respect to a single combination of elements, it is to be understood that the invention includes all possible combinations of the disclosed elements. Thus, if one embodiment includes elements A, B and C, while a second embodiment includes elements B and D, the invention should also be considered to include A, B, C or the other remaining combinations of D, even if not explicitly disclosed.
As shown in fig. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a power swapping station service capability evaluation method, which includes the following three steps.
And step S10, receiving a first batch of at least one order.
Here, the first batch of at least one order form represents a set of order forms for applying for the battery replacement service from the battery replacement station. For convenience of explanation, the following illustrates a case where the first batch of at least one order includes a first order and a second order, and the first order and the second order are issued to the battery replacement station by different electric vehicle drivers. After receiving the first order and the second order, the power change station provides power change service for the 2 orders as much as possible through reasonable scheduling of service resources, and under the condition that the available service resources cannot meet the requirements, the power change station can refuse to take one of the first order and the second order. Alternatively, after obtaining the consent of the user (electric vehicle driver), the power station may delay the corresponding order for a period of time (possibly beyond the user's expectations) to be processed.
The basic element of the battery replacement service is a fully charged battery, and the battery replacement service can be provided only if a battery replacement station can provide the fully charged battery for the vehicle. However, due to the structural particularity of the power conversion station and the cost of the batteries, the service energy storage of the power conversion station is more limited than that of the traditional endurance supply station (such as a gas station), and one power conversion station can only store a plurality of batteries at the same time. Therefore, the service capability of the power change station cannot be determined by determining whether the power change station has an empty parking space.
In addition, a certain time is required for fully charging the batteries of the low-battery batteries exchanged from the vehicle, and if all the batteries are charged at a specific time, the battery exchange station cannot provide the battery exchange service at the time. In the invention, the state of each battery in the battery compartment is an important factor influencing the service capability of the power change station, and the battery states can be divided into the following types: 0: idle, 1: charging, 3: during battery replacement, and 4: and the charging is completed.
Moreover, whether the battery replacement station has proper battery replacement resources to receive a specific battery replacement order or not can be comprehensively judged by combining the position of a service staff, the initial position of a vehicle, the traffic condition of a road and route selection. The time length required for replacing the battery is usually an experimental value, and the charging time of the replaced battery is also calculated according to a specific charging time curve.
In the invention, in order to consider a plurality of factors related to the battery swapping service so as to carry out more reasonable resource scheduling and more detailed analysis and evaluation of granularity, the states of a plurality of service resources are tracked and monitored. The service resources include at least one or more of: battery replacement equipment; a charging device; working time periods of staff in the power change station; and parking spaces. Preferably, the service resource comprises a combination of the four items, so that the service capability of the power conversion station can be considered more comprehensively, and the service capability of the equipment and the service capability of the staff are also considered.
And step S12, determining a second batch of at least one order.
Here, the second batch of at least one order represents a set of orders to which the swap station provides swap service. In other words, the second at least one order is an order currently processed by the swap station, and the orders occupy certain service resources at the current time and in a future period of time until the orders are processed by the swap station. For simplicity, the following describes a case where the second at least one order includes a third order and a fourth order.
To determine the second batch of at least one order in the service state, the swap station can provide an order state tracking mechanism to query the state of each order and the expected completion (swap service completion) time in real time.
And step S14, determining whether the first order can obtain the battery replacement service.
Step S14 may be embodied as follows: and scheduling a first time period for the first order, wherein the scheduling aims to ensure that the service resources corresponding to (occupied by) the first order during the first time period do not occupy the service resources corresponding to the third order and the fourth order during the first time period.
As an example, the duration of the first time period is determined by the power swapping station according to the battery power information included in the first order and the expected time for the electric vehicle to arrive at the power swapping station. It is understood that the first order may also include other more specific information, such as the battery type, the battery swap time period desired by the user, and the like. On the one hand, in the case where the battery under replacement needs to be charged, different battery capacities necessarily affect the duration of the first time period. On the other hand, the expected time for the electric automobile to arrive at the power exchanging station is different, and the resource occupation conditions (or busy degree) of the power exchanging station are also different, which also affects the duration of the first time period.
After the preliminary determination of the duration of the first time period, according to the invention, a starting time of the first time period is further determined. As an example, the swapping station may select the first start time randomly, and add the first start time to the duration of the first time period to obtain the corresponding first end time. The power conversion station carries out scheduling analysis on the service resources so as to determine the service resources to be occupied by the first order in the time period from the first starting time to the first ending time, and further determine whether the service resources conflict with the service resources to be occupied by the third order or the fourth order in the same time period. If a conflict occurs (e.g., the first order and the fourth order are assigned to the same parking space), which indicates that the target order will affect the service of the existing order, the swap station will determine: the first start time is not available. If no conflict occurs, the first start time is one of the options for selection.
As an example, if a first order is assigned to occupy charging device number 3 (e.g., charging slot) for a first time period (e.g., 10:00-14:00) for charging, and in fact, charging device number 3 is in use, and in particular is servicing a third order (charging the swapped out battery corresponding to the third order) for some sub-time period (e.g., 11:30-12:00) within the first time period, then it may be determined that the service resources occupied by the first and third orders for the same time period (11:30-12:00) conflict.
As yet another example, if the first order is assigned to begin a swap operation at 13:00, the service person at the swap station should be ready to provide swap service at 12:50-13:10, but the service person can only complete the fourth order before processing the first order due to special circumstances until 13:10 has not been processed by the service person. In this case, it is also determined that the service resources occupied by the first order and the fourth order in the same time period conflict.
The swapping station may further randomly select a second starting time and a corresponding second ending time, and further determine whether the service resources occupied by the first order in the time period from the second starting time to the second ending time conflict with the service resources occupied by the third order and the fourth order in the same time period. If no conflict occurs, the second start time also becomes one of the options. It is understood that other start times can be selected by the swapping station to make a similar judgment.
As an optional implementation manner, in the case that both the first start time and the second start time are available, the swapping station may use the first start time to the first end time as the first time period finally scheduled to the first order, or may schedule the second start time to the second end time to the first order.
It should be understood that, when the first time period is scheduled, the duration of the first time period does not need to be determined first, but a time period of a predetermined or average amount (pre-allocation time period) may be directly allocated, and the power station then determines whether the first order can complete the service within the time period, and whether the service resources occupied by the first order conflict with the resources occupied by the third and fourth orders. When the first order fails to complete the service in the pre-allocation time period, prolonging the duration of the pre-allocation time period; and when the pre-distribution time period is too long for the first order, shortening the time length of the pre-distribution time period.
According to a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the first period of time is scheduled, the following is performed: A. and determining a second time period according to the expected battery replacement service time of the first order, wherein the second time period comprises a plurality of mutually continuous planning time periods. The planning time period is the minimum time unit for the power station to conveniently perform statistical analysis on the order state or the service resource occupation degree. B. And determining the occupation degree of the service resources in the second time period. Specifically, the occupation degrees of all the service resources are respectively counted in each planning time period in the system, so as to obtain the overall statistics of the occupation degrees of the service resources in the second time period. C. After the above steps a and B are performed a plurality of times, the second time period with the lowest occupancy level of the service resources or lower than the corresponding threshold is determined as the first time period finally scheduled to the first order.
As an example, the expected battery replacement service time of the first order is 10:00-12:00, a second alternative time period is determined in the time period, and assuming that the duration of each planning time period is 15 minutes, the second time period may be divided into 8 continuous planning time periods. Namely, the first planning time period is 10:00-10:15, the second planning time period is 10:15-10:30, the third planning time period is 10:30-10:45, and so on. And in the second time period (10:00-12:00), counting the occupancy degree of all the charging devices by taking the planning time period as a unit to obtain a first occupancy degree (for example, 35%). Next, a second time period is determined again, for example, 10:10-12:10, and is still divided into 8 consecutive planned time periods, and statistics are performed in the planned time periods to obtain a second occupancy level (for example, 30%) of the charging device. Similarly, a second time period is again determined to be 10:20-12:20, and still counted in units of the planned time period to obtain a third occupancy level (e.g., 40%) of the charging device. On the basis of the three statistics, the charging station matches the first order for a 10:10-12:10 time period to provide the charging service, considering that the occupancy degree of the charging equipment is the lowest in the specific second time period of 10:10-12: 10.
Because the preferred first time period is recommended according to the occupation degree of the service resources, the method can schedule the service time period which is most matched with the first order, not only can ensure that the first order can obtain the battery replacement service in time and improve the user experience, but also can more reasonably schedule the service resources of the battery replacement station and realize more efficient utilization of the service resources.
According to the invention, the first time period is specifically determined according to whether service resources respectively occupied by the first order and the second at least one order during the first time period conflict, and the determination of the first time period also indicates that the battery replacement station determines that the first order can obtain the battery replacement service. Otherwise, the first order cannot obtain the battery replacement service.
Preferably, the power conversion station adds the first order capable of obtaining the power conversion service into the second at least one order (indicating taking the order), and/or excludes the first at least one order.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a step S16 may be added after step S14: corresponding service time periods are also scheduled for other orders (such as a second order) in the first plurality of orders, and the service capability of the battery replacement station is comprehensively evaluated according to whether the battery replacement service can be obtained from the first order and other orders.
As a further improvement, when the service capability of the battery replacement station is evaluated, the service capability of the battery replacement station in the third time period is evaluated based on a ratio of the number of the orders, which can obtain the battery replacement service in the third time period, in the first batch of at least one order to the total number of the first batch of at least one order. The third time period is a specific time period for which service capability evaluation is required. For example, the third time period is the on-duty peak time period for the next workday, or any time period for the next legal holiday (e.g., 7:00-9: 00).
As another improvement, an index of urgency weight is introduced to the swap order, and as an example, a higher urgency weight is assigned to the swap order corresponding to the electric vehicle with a lower battery level. And further, evaluating the service capacity of the battery replacement station based on each order capable of obtaining the battery replacement service in the third time period in the first batch of at least one order and the corresponding urgency weight.
A specific application example of the above-described power conversion station service capability evaluation method is shown below.
Let TswapIs the minimum unit of the system time period, namely the planning time period, and the battery replacement service time is TchargeWhich is an integer multiple of the planned time period.
Setting the initial state of the swapping station as:
o the number of fully charged batteries is equal to the charge parallelism/the number of battery bins, and is P;
n orders are received in the o-conversion station, and the serial numbers are 1.. n respectively.
The battery replacement time period of the order i is Si,
The swap-out battery charging time period for order i is [ Ci-start, Ci-end ], Ci-start and Ci-end represent the first and last time slices within the charging time period.
The physical power conversion parallelism of the power conversion station is Q.
The service capability of the power swapping station is judged as follows:
then the judgment condition for judging whether the new order k can be placed in a certain time period is as follows:
A. the power change order i in any time period cannot exceed the physical power change parallelism of the power change station, namely: sigma Si≤Q
B. If order i satisfies the formula:
t _ (i-charge-start) ≦ T _ (k-swap-end) ≦ T _ (i-charge-end), then the number of all orders i that satisfy this condition is less than P.
I.e. whenTime segment SkAt least one of the available (fully charged) batteries is available for replacement.
C. For any existing order j, if T (k-charge-start) is less than or equal to T (j-swap-end) is less than or equal to T (k-charge-end), SjAt least one battery is required to be available.
That is, other scheduled power change orders cannot be affected by the newly inserted power change order.
The present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a collection of processor executable instructions which, when executed by a processor, will implement the method of the first embodiment described above.
A second embodiment of the present invention provides a service resource scheduling system for a power conversion station, which includes an order receiving unit 201, an order querying unit 202, an order processing unit 21, and an optional capability evaluating unit 220, as shown in fig. 2. As an example, each unit is provided in the power swapping station. As another example, the capability evaluation unit 220 is separately disposed in the cloud, and is capable of being networked with a plurality of power conversion stations to respectively evaluate the service capabilities of the power conversion stations.
Specifically, the order receiving unit 201 receives a first batch of at least one order, where the first batch of at least one order is a set of orders that apply for a swap service from a swap power station. The order query unit 202 determines a second batch of at least one order, which is a set of orders for which the power change station provides power change service.
The order processing unit 21 is coupled to the order receiving unit 201 and the order querying unit 202, respectively, and configured to determine whether a first order can obtain the swapping service, where the first order is any one of the first batch of at least one order. More specifically, the order processing unit attempts to schedule the first order for the first time period such that the service resources corresponding to the first order during the first time period do not occupy the service resources corresponding to the second at least one order during the first time period. When a proper first time period can be found, the power swapping station judges that the first order can obtain the power swapping service. Otherwise, the first order cannot obtain the battery replacement service.
Preferably, the service resource scheduling system of the battery swap station may further include a service resource tracking and monitoring unit (not shown in fig. 2) which provides the order processing unit 21 with real-time statuses of the plurality of service resources (including the battery swap device, the charging device, the work time period of the staff, and the parking space), and the order processing unit 21 compares or matches the existing order information provided by the order querying unit 202 with the status information of the plurality of service resources, so as to facilitate the determination process regarding the first time period.
As a further improvement, the capacity evaluation unit 220 calculates a weighted sum of the urgency degrees of the orders of the first batch of at least one order which can obtain the battery replacement service in the third time period, so as to comprehensively evaluate the service capacity of the battery replacement station in the third time period.
In some embodiments of the invention, at least a portion of the system may be implemented using a distributed set of computing devices connected by a communications network, or may be implemented based on a "cloud". In such a system, multiple computing devices operate together to provide services by using their shared resources.
A "cloud" based implementation may provide one or more advantages, including: openness, flexibility and extensibility, centrally manageable, reliable, scalable, optimized for computing resources, having the ability to aggregate and analyze information across multiple users, connecting across multiple geographic areas, and the ability to use multiple mobile or data network operators for network connectivity.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention and the appended claims.

Claims (12)

1. A method for evaluating service capability of a power swapping station comprises the following steps:
a) receiving a first batch of at least one order; the first batch of at least one order is a set of orders applying for the battery replacement service from the battery replacement station;
b) determining a second batch of at least one order; the second batch of at least one order is a set of orders for which the battery replacement station provides battery replacement service; and
c) determining whether the first order can obtain the battery replacement service; wherein the first order is any order in the first batch of at least one order;
wherein the step c) comprises:
and scheduling a first time period for the first order, so that the service resources corresponding to the first order during the first time period do not occupy the service resources corresponding to the second at least one order during the first time period.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises step d):
and c) executing step c) for each order in the first batch of at least one order respectively to evaluate the service capability of the power exchange station.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the service resources comprise at least one of:
battery replacement equipment;
a charging device;
working time periods of staff in the power change station; and
and parking spaces.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein scheduling the first time period for the first order comprises:
determining a second time period according to the expected battery replacement service time of the first order; wherein the second time period comprises a plurality of planning time periods that are consecutive to each other;
determining the occupation degree of service resources in the second time period;
determining the first time period based on the second time period in which the serving resource is least occupied or below a respective threshold.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein step c) further comprises:
and if the service resources corresponding to the first order during the first time period occupy at least a part of the service resources corresponding to the second at least one order during the first time period, rejecting the first order.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein step d) comprises: and evaluating the service capacity of the battery replacement station in a third time period based on the proportion of the number of the orders capable of obtaining battery replacement service in the third time period in the first batch of at least one order to the total number of the first batch of at least one order.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein step d) comprises: evaluating the service capability based on each order of the first batch of at least one order capable of obtaining battery replacement service within the third time period and the corresponding urgency weight.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the step c) further comprises:
and adding the first order capable of obtaining the battery replacement service into the second batch of at least one order, and/or excluding the first batch of at least one order.
9. A system for scheduling battery swap station service resources, comprising:
the order receiving unit is used for receiving a first batch of at least one order; the first batch of at least one order is a set of orders applying for the battery replacement service from the battery replacement station;
the order query unit is used for determining at least one order of the second batch; the second batch of at least one order is a set of orders for which the battery replacement station provides battery replacement service;
the order processing unit is respectively coupled with the order receiving unit and the order query unit and is used for determining whether the first order can obtain the battery replacement service; wherein the first order is any order in the first batch of at least one order;
wherein the order processing unit is configured to:
and scheduling a first time period for the first order, so that the service resources corresponding to the first order during the first time period do not occupy the service resources corresponding to the second at least one order during the first time period.
10. The system of claim 9, further comprising a capacity evaluation unit coupled to the order processing unit for evaluating service capacity of the power conversion station.
11. The system of claim 10, wherein the capacity evaluation unit calculates a weighted sum of the urgency levels of the orders of the first at least one order that can receive a power swapping service within a third time period to determine the service capacity of the power swapping station within the third time period.
12. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon processor-executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the method of any of claims 1-8 above.
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