CN110863675A

CN110863675A - Passive solar house

Info

Publication number: CN110863675A
Application number: CN201911212423.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高锐
Original assignee: Sichuan Yugao Construction Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Yugao Construction Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-02
Filing date: 2019-12-02
Publication date: 2020-03-06

Abstract

The invention discloses a passive solar house, and belongs to the technical field of house construction. A passive solar house, comprising: the building comprises a plurality of floors, wherein outer walls are arranged on the periphery of each floor, and a partition plate is arranged at the bottom end of each floor; the outer wall body comprises a heated wall body; in the adjacent floors, a heat transfer pipe group is arranged in the heated wall body of the floor positioned below and the partition plate of the floor positioned above; the heat transfer pipe group comprises a heated pipe, a steam pipe, a condensing pipe and a return pipe which are sequentially communicated end to end; the heated pipe and the return pipe are arranged in the heated wall body; the steam pipe and the condensing pipe are positioned in the clapboard. The passive solar house can heat the indoor from bottom to top, has temperature gradient in the vertical direction, realizes 'foot hot head cooling', improves comfort level, and can fully exchange heat with cold flow by virtue of the fact that heat flow rises from bottom to top, thereby improving heat utilization rate.

Description

Passive solar house

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of house construction, in particular to a passive solar house.

Background

The passive solar building is designed to fully utilize solar radiation heat for heating in winter, and heat loss caused by maintenance of the structure and ventilation and permeation is reduced as much as possible; in summer, heat caused by solar radiation and heat dissipation of indoor personnel equipment is reduced as much as possible, on the premise that no mechanical equipment is used, the shielding function of the building is completely enhanced, and the purpose of comfort of the indoor environment is achieved by a construction method. The passive building can ensure that the indoor building meets the requirement of comfort level by using no disposable energy or using as little disposable energy as possible, and can reduce the dependence of the building on active energy supply.

At present, a common passive solar building is provided with a heat absorption layer and a reflection layer on a wall surface which is illuminated by light. In winter and daytime, the temperature of the wall body is increased through solar energy, so that the indoor environment is heated through convection and radiation, and the indoor environment has certain comfort level; at night in winter, the residual temperature of the wall body continuously raises the temperature of the indoor environment through convection and radiation; in summer, the cavity is prevented from being directly irradiated by arranging the reflecting layer on the wall, the temperature of the wall is reduced, and the indoor ventilation is carried out, so that the indoor temperature is correspondingly reduced, and the indoor comfort level is ensured.

The wall absorbs heat to heat up the existing passive solar building, so that the room has a certain temperature in winter, but when the wall and the room exchange heat, the hot air rises, the cold air falls, the temperature of the room is enabled to be 'cold from top to bottom', the comfort level is reduced, and meanwhile, the heat utilization rate is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a passive solar house, which aims to solve the problems of low indoor heat utilization rate and low comfort level of the conventional passive solar building.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a passive solar house, comprising: the building comprises a plurality of floors, wherein outer walls are arranged on the periphery of each floor, and a partition plate is arranged at the bottom end of each floor; the outer wall body comprises a heated wall body; in the adjacent floors, a heat transfer pipe group is arranged in the heated wall body of the floor positioned below and the partition plate of the floor positioned above; the heat transfer pipe group comprises a heated pipe, a steam pipe, a condensing pipe and a return pipe which are sequentially communicated end to end; the heated pipe and the return pipe are arranged in the heated wall body, the bottom end of the heated pipe is communicated with the bottom end of the return pipe, and the heated pipe and the return pipe are respectively close to the outer side wall and the inner side wall of the heated wall body; the steam pipe and the condensation pipe are located in the partition plate, and the steam pipe and the condensation pipe are respectively close to the top wall and the bottom wall of the partition plate.

The passive solar house can be heated by taking the heated wall body of the floor below as the floor above, and when the temperature is raised, the partition board of the floor above and the indoor space exchange heat and radiate heat, so that the heat rises from bottom to top, a temperature gradient in the vertical direction is realized, and a foot heating head is cooled, thereby improving the comfort level, and the heat flow rises from bottom to top, so that the heat exchange can be fully carried out with cold flow, and the utilization rate of the heat is improved. Meanwhile, all rooms on the same floor can be heated through the partition plates, all rooms on the same floor have certain comfort level, and transverse temperature gradient cannot occur in the rooms, so that the comfort level is improved.

The heat transfer principle of the invention is as follows: when the heated wall body is directly irradiated by the sun, the heated tubes in the heat transfer tube group are heated under the action of the solar energy to evaporate liquid in the heated tubes, steam enters the steam tubes upwards along the heated tubes, so that the partition plate is heated, all rooms are heated by the partition plate in a radiation and convection mode, and heat flow is heated from bottom to top and fully exchanges heat with cold flow, so that the utilization rate of heat is improved. After the heat in the steam is dissipated, the heat can be condensed into liquid in the steam pipe or the condensation pipe, so that the heat is generated through phase change, the temperature of the partition plate is raised, and heat is further provided for the partition plate or the indoor space. The condensed liquid flows into the return pipe and the heated pipe to realize the circulation of the liquid.

Further, the heated wall body sequentially comprises a structural layer, an installation layer and a transparent layer from inside to outside, and the heated pipe and the return pipe are arranged in the installation layer.

In order to ensure the stability of the heated wall structure, the mounting layer for mounting the heated pipe and the return pipe is arranged on the outer side of the structural layer on the premise of not damaging the structural layer, and the transparent layer can not only protect the mounting layer, but also ensure that sunlight can directly irradiate the mounting layer.

Furthermore, a heat absorbing layer is arranged on the outer side of the mounting layer.

The heat absorption layer has low reflectivity, can improve the utilization rate of solar energy, and can quickly heat the heated tube.

Furthermore, an electric roller shutter is arranged between the heat absorption layer and the transparent layer, and the switch of the electric roller shutter is positioned in the floor above.

The electric roller shutter is used for shielding the heat absorption layer in summer, so that the heat absorption layer is prevented from being heated to heat a room. Because the heated wall body of the floor below is heated for the floor above, the switch of the electric roller shutter is arranged in the floor above, so that the user in the floor above can conveniently control the temperature in the room through the electric roller shutter.

Furthermore, a reflecting layer is arranged on the outer side of the electric roller shutter.

The reflecting layer has high reflectivity, so that the influence on the comfort level caused by overhigh temperature of liquid in the heating pipe to cause overhigh temperature in a room can be avoided in summer.

Further, the transparent layer is a glass layer.

Further, the clapboard sequentially comprises a laminate, a heat insulation layer and a heat preservation layer from bottom to top; the steam pipe and the condensing pipe are positioned in the heat-insulating layer.

The laminated plate is a structural layer of a floor member, and the heat insulation layer can prevent temperature from losing to the floor positioned below. The heat transferred by the steam pipe and the condensing pipe partially enters the room and is partially stored in the heat-insulating layer, and the heat is provided for the room by the heat-insulating layer at night in winter, so that the room is kept at a certain temperature.

Furthermore, one end of the steam pipe communicated with the heated pipe is positioned at a position higher than one end of the steam pipe communicated with the condensing pipe; the position of one end of the condensing pipe communicated with the steam pipe is higher than that of one end of the condensing pipe communicated with the return pipe.

The steam pipe and the condensing pipe are both in an inclined state, so that condensed liquid can conveniently flow back to the return pipe and the heated pipe, and the circulation of the liquid is realized.

Further, the floor is a ground floor.

Since the house includes ground floors and underground floors, only the ground floors are directly irradiated by the sun, the floors of the present invention are only indicated as the ground floors, and obviously, in the house structure, the underground floors and other conventional house structures can be included.

Further, the floor comprises a heated bottom layer, a heated top layer and a plurality of heated middle layers positioned between the heated bottom layer and the heated top layer; the heated bottom layer is the first layer which can be directly irradiated by the sun.

Due to the shielding between the buildings, in a city, only the upper floors of the buildings are provided with heated walls, and the heated bottom layer is not the bottommost layer of the buildings or the first floor on the ground but the first floor which can be irradiated by the sun. If the sun can irradiate each floor on the ground of the building, at the moment, only extra heating measures need to be taken for the first floor on the ground, and other floors are heated through solar energy, so that the dependence of the building on active energy supply is reduced. Similarly, if the sun can only irradiate partial floors, most floors where the sun can directly irradiate can be heated by solar energy, and dependence of the building on active energy supply can be reduced.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the passive solar house can heat the indoor from bottom to top, has temperature gradient in the vertical direction, realizes 'foot hot head cooling', improves comfort level, and can fully exchange heat with cold flow by virtue of the fact that heat flow rises from bottom to top, thereby improving heat utilization rate.

(2) The passive solar house can heat all rooms on the same floor, has certain comfort level, and does not have transverse temperature gradient, so that the comfort level is improved.

(3) The passive solar house can enable a multi-storey building to utilize solar energy to heat and supply heat, reduces the dependence of the building on active energy supply, and achieves the purposes of energy conservation and environmental protection.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a passive solar house according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a heated wall according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the separator of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a heat transfer tube group according to the present invention.

In the figure: 10-an outer wall body; 11-a heated wall; 12-a structural layer; 13-mounting layer; 14-a transparent layer; 15-a heat sink layer; 16-electric roller shutter; 20-a separator; 21-layer plate; 22-a thermally insulating layer; 23-an insulating layer; 30-heat transfer tube group; 31-a heated tube; 32-steam tubes; 33-a condenser tube; 34-a return pipe; 40-a heated bottom layer; 41-a heated top layer; 42-heated intermediate layer.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The "position above" and "position below" are both referred to adjacent floors in the following. The floor in this embodiment refers to the space of each floor of the house, and does not include partitions between adjacent floors. The exterior wall of this embodiment is based on the entire floor, rather than a single room.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1, a passive solar house includes: a plurality of floors located on the ground. The periphery of the floor is provided with the outer wall body 10, the outer wall body 10 comprises the heated wall body 11 which can be irradiated by the sun, and the house can be directly irradiated by the sun only by one or two surfaces, so that the number of the heated wall bodies 11 is 1 or 2 in the same floor, and in the embodiment, the heated wall bodies 11 with the number of 1 are used for structural description and principle description. The bottom of the floor is provided with a clapboard 20, namely, the adjacent floors are separated by the clapboard 20. Among the adjacent floors, the heat transfer tube group 30 is provided in the heat receiving wall 11 located at the lower floor and the partition plate 20 located at the upper floor. The floor comprises a heated bottom layer 40, a heated top layer 41 and a plurality of heated middle layers 42 positioned between the heated bottom layer 40 and the heated top layer 41, wherein the heated bottom layer 40 is a first layer which can be directly irradiated by the sun, and corresponding components of the heat transfer pipe groups 30 are not arranged in the partition plate 20 of the heated bottom layer 40 and the heated wall body 11 of the heated top layer 41.

Referring to fig. 2, the heated wall 11 includes a structural layer 12, an installation layer 13, and a transparent layer 14 in sequence from inside to outside. The structural layer 12 is a main layer of the heated wall 11, the mounting layer 13 is used for mounting the heat transfer tube set 30, and the transparent layer 14 is used for protecting the heat transfer tube set 30 and transmitting sunlight. The heat absorption layer 15 is arranged on the outer side of the mounting layer 13, the reflectivity of the heat absorption layer 15 is low, and the utilization rate of solar energy can be improved. An electric roller shutter 16 is arranged between the heat absorption layer 15 and the transparent layer 14, a reflection layer is arranged on the outer side of the electric roller shutter 16, the reflection rate of the reflection layer is high, and the indoor temperature is prevented from being high in summer. In the present embodiment, the switch of the motorized roller shade 16 is located in the floor above, and at this time, it is convenient for the user located in the floor above to control the temperature in the room through the motorized roller shade 16.

Referring to fig. 3, the partition 20 includes a laminate 21, a heat insulation layer 22 and a heat insulation layer 23 in sequence from bottom to top. The layer plate 21 is the main body layer of the separator 20, and the heat insulation layer 22 can prevent the heat in the heat insulation layer 23 from diffusing downwards.

Referring to fig. 4, the heat transfer tube group 30 includes a heat receiving tube 31, a steam tube 32, a condensing tube 33 and a return tube 34 which are sequentially connected end to end. The heated pipe 31 and the return pipe 34 are vertically arranged in the installation layer 13, the bottom end of the heated pipe 31 is communicated with the bottom end of the return pipe 34, the heated pipe 31 and the return pipe 34 are respectively close to the heat absorption layer 15 and the structural layer 12, and the heated pipe 31 can be fully heated to evaporate liquid in the heated pipe 31. The steam pipe 32 and the condensation pipe 33 are transversely disposed in the insulating layer 23, and the steam pipe 32 and the condensation pipe 33 are respectively adjacent to the top wall and the bottom wall of the insulating layer 23. In the present embodiment, the end of the steam pipe 32 communicating with the heated pipe 31 is located at a higher position than the end communicating with the condensation pipe 33; the end of the condensation pipe 33 communicating with the steam pipe 32 is located at a higher position than the end communicating with the return pipe 34. In other embodiments of the present invention, the heated tube 31, the steam tube 32, the condensing tube 33, and the return tube 34 may be capillary tubes.

The working process of the passive solar house comprises the following steps:

(1) in winter: when the heated wall 11 is irradiated by the direct sun, the electric roller shutter 16 is opened, the heat absorbing layer 15 absorbs the solar heat to raise the temperature, and transfers the heat to the heated pipe 31, so that the liquid in the heated pipe 31 is evaporated, the steam enters the steam pipe 32 upwards along the heated pipe 31, so that the heat insulation layer 23 is raised, part of the heat enters the room through convection and radiation, and part of the heat is kept in the heat insulation layer 23. The thermal current rises from bottom to top indoor, and abundant and cold flow carry out the heat exchange, improve thermal utilization ratio, and simultaneously, the thermal current rises from bottom to top, can realize "the foot is hot and is cold" to improve the comfort level. After the heat in the steam is dissipated, the heat is condensed into liquid in the steam pipe 32 or the condensation pipe 33, so that heat is generated through phase change, and the heat is retained in the heat insulation layer 23, and further provides heat for the indoor or heat insulation layer 23. The condensed liquid flows into the return pipe 34 and the heated pipe 31, and the circulation of the liquid is realized.

(2) In winter and at night: the heat accumulated in the heat-insulating layer 23 continuously heats the indoor space, so that a certain indoor temperature is ensured, and the comfort level is improved.

(3) In summer: the electric roller shutter 16 is closed, and the sunlight is reflected by the reflecting layer, so that the temperature of the heated tube 31 is prevented from being too high, and the indoor temperature is prevented from being increased through the heat transfer tube group 30.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A passive solar house, comprising: the building comprises a plurality of floors, wherein outer walls (10) are arranged on the periphery of each floor, and partition plates (20) are arranged at the bottom ends of the floors; the outer wall body (10) comprises a heated wall body (11); in the adjacent floors, a heat transfer pipe group (30) is arranged in the heated wall (11) of the floor positioned below and the partition plate (20) of the floor positioned above; the heat transfer pipe group (30) comprises a heated pipe (31), a steam pipe (32), a condensing pipe (33) and a return pipe (34) which are sequentially communicated end to end; the heated pipe (31) and the return pipe (34) are arranged in the heated wall body (11), the bottom end of the heated pipe (31) is communicated with the bottom end of the return pipe (34), and the heated pipe (31) and the return pipe (34) are respectively close to the outer side wall and the inner side wall of the heated wall body (11); the steam pipe (32) and the condensation pipe (33) are located in the partition plate (20), and the steam pipe (32) and the condensation pipe (33) are respectively adjacent to the top wall and the bottom wall of the partition plate (20).

2. The passive solar house according to claim 1, characterized in that the heated wall (11) comprises, in order from the inside to the outside, a structural layer (12), an installation layer (13) and a transparent layer (14), the heated pipe (31) and the return pipe (34) being arranged in the installation layer (13).

3. The passive solar house according to claim 2, characterized in that the mounting layer (13) is provided with a heat absorbing layer (15) on the outside.

4. The passive solar house according to claim 3, characterized in that an electrically powered roller blind (16) is arranged between the heat absorbing layer (15) and the transparent layer (14), the switch of the electrically powered roller blind (16) being located in the upper storey.

5. The passive solar house according to claim 4, wherein the motorized roller shade (16) is provided with a reflective layer on the outside.

6. The passive solar house according to claim 5, wherein the transparent layer (14) is a glass layer.

7. The passive solar house according to claim 1, wherein the partition (20) comprises, from bottom to top, a laminate (21), a thermal insulation layer (22), and an insulation layer (23); the steam pipe (32) and the condensation pipe (33) are positioned in the heat insulation layer (23).

8. The passive solar house according to claim 7, wherein the end of the steam pipe (32) in communication with the heated pipe (31) is located at a higher position than the end in communication with the condensing pipe (33); the end of the condensation pipe (33) communicating with the steam pipe (32) is located at a higher position than the end communicating with the return pipe (34).

9. The passive solar house as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the floor is a ground floor.

10. The passive solar house according to claim 9, wherein the floors include a heated bottom floor (40), a heated top floor (41), and a plurality of heated intermediate floors (42) between the heated bottom floor (40) and the heated top floor (41); the heated bottom layer (40) is the first layer that can be directed directly by the sun.