CN110863212A

CN110863212A - Water electrolysis oxygen generation system and air quality control system of closed space

Info

Publication number: CN110863212A
Application number: CN201911102514.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Shanghai Juna New Material Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Juna New Material Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-12
Filing date: 2019-11-12
Publication date: 2020-03-06

Abstract

The invention provides an oxygen production system by electrolyzing water and an air quality control system in a closed space.A cathode tank adopts a high valence state ion solution of variable valence ions which have stronger oxidizing property than hydrogen and weaker oxidizing property than oxygen as electrolyte, under the condition that a cathode is electrified, the cathode reduces the high valence state ions into low valence state elements, such as simple substance or ions, and H gathered on the surface of the cathode⁺Can not be reduced to form hydrogen, thereby realizing the purpose that the electrolyzed water only generates oxygen, and the oxygen generation system has simple structure and low cost and is suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Water electrolysis oxygen generation system and air quality control system of closed space

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water electrolysis oxygen generation, in particular to a water electrolysis oxygen generation system and an air quality control system in a closed space.

Background

The existing water electrolysis device has the disadvantages of low water electrolysis efficiency due to large distance between two electrodes, complex structure, difficult assembly and disassembly and limited application range. Furthermore, the use of asbestos paper as a membrane generally reduces the purity of hydrogen and oxygen; the integration degree of the separation of the gas path and the electrolytic bath of some electrolytic devices is low, and an electrolyte circulation system and the like are not available.

In addition, the water electrolysis oxygen production technology refers to a technology for producing oxygen and hydrogen by using a water electrolysis method. Oxygen generated by the electrolysis of water is used for production and living applications, and hydrogen generated by the electrolysis of water is recycled. Since hydrogen is a flammable and explosive hazardous gas, it cannot be discharged directly into the surrounding environment. And adopt the storage bottle to retrieve hydrogen, because the storage bottle is bulky, lead to whole oxygenerator's occupation volume great, it is inconvenient to use.

Therefore, the research on the oxygen generation system by electrolysis is continued, the system not only has the advantages of high electrolysis efficiency, wide application range, simple disassembly, flexible use and the like, but also can inhibit the electrolyzed water from only generating oxygen but not hydrogen, thereby avoiding the adoption of additional equipment or processes such as a hydrogen recovery device and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention aims to provide an oxygen system by electrolyzing water, which only generates oxygen and does not generate hydrogen, thereby eliminating a hydrogen recovery apparatus or process.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an oxygen generation system by electrolyzing water, comprising:

the electrolytic bath comprises an anode bath, a cathode bath and an ion exchange membrane which is positioned between the anode bath and the cathode bath and separates the anode bath and the cathode bath;

the cathode is positioned in the cathode groove and used for gathering hydrogen ions; the cathode cell adopts a high valence state ion solution of variable valence ions which are stronger than the oxidizing property of hydrogen and weaker than the oxidizing property of oxygen as electrolyte;

the anode is positioned in the anode tank, and the cathode is used for gathering oxygen ions; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

when current is applied to the cathode and anode, water molecules in the electrolytic cell are ionized to form H⁺And OH^-Ions, OH^-Gather to the anode, release electrons, and oxidize to form O₂Gas of said H⁺Moving to the cathode for aggregation, and in the cathode tank, the high valence state ions are aggregated to the cathode to absorb electrons of the cathode and reduced into low valence state elements, H⁺Can not be reduced to form H₂A gas.

In some embodiments, the variable valency ion is one or more of a group III ion, a group IV ion, a group VII ion, a transition group metal ion, a lanthanide ion.

In some embodiments, the transition group metal ion is one or more of subgroups I, II, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII.

In some embodiments, the variable priceThe high valence state of the ion is Pd²⁺,Br⁰,Tl³⁺，Ti⁴⁺,V⁴⁺,Cr⁶⁺,Mn⁷⁺,Fe³⁺,Mo⁶⁺,Bi³⁺,Cu²⁺,Zn²⁺,Ce⁴⁺,Ge⁴⁺,Au³⁺,Pt²⁺,Ag⁺One or more of (a).

In some embodiments, the lower valent element is Pd⁰,Br^-,Tl⁰，Ti³⁺,V³⁺,Cr³⁺,Mn³⁺,Fe²⁺,Mo⁰,Bi⁰,Cu⁰,Zn⁰,Ce³⁺,Ge⁰,Au⁰,Pt⁰,Ag⁰One or more of (a).

In some embodiments, the high-valence ionic solution of variable-valence ions is one or more of sulfate, phosphate, hypochlorite, variable-valence metalate, or nitrate.

In some embodiments, a direct current power source is applied between the anode and the cathode.

In some embodiments, the ion exchange membrane is a proton exchange membrane.

The oxygen production system by electrolyzing water adopts high valence state ion solution of variable valence ion which is stronger than the oxidizing property of hydrogen and weaker than the oxidizing property of oxygen as electrolyte in a cathode groove, and under the condition that a cathode is electrified, the cathode reduces the high valence state ion into low valence state element, such as simple substance or ion, and H gathered on the surface of the cathode⁺Can not be reduced to form hydrogen, thereby realizing the purpose that the electrolyzed water only generates oxygen, and the oxygen generation system has simple structure and low cost and is suitable for large-scale production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an oxygen production system by electrolyzing water according to an embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a microporous member according to an embodiment of the present invention

Detailed Description

In order to make the disclosure of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is further described with reference to the following embodiments. The invention is of course not limited to this particular embodiment, and general alternatives known to those skilled in the art are also covered by the scope of the invention.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings 1 to 2.

Referring to fig. 1, the system for generating oxygen by electrolyzing water of the present embodiment includes:

the electrolytic bath 00 comprises an anode bath 01, a cathode bath 02 and an ion exchange membrane 03 which is positioned between the anode bath 01 and the cathode bath 02 and separates the anode bath 01 and the cathode bath 02; the ion exchange membrane 03 herein may be a proton exchange membrane.

The cathode A is positioned in the cathode groove 01 and used for gathering hydrogen ions; the cathode cell 01 uses a high valence state ion solution of variable valence ions which are stronger in oxidizing property than hydrogen and weaker in oxidizing property than oxygen as an electrolyte;

the anode B is positioned in the anode tank 02 and is used for gathering oxygen ions;

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

when current is applied to the anode A and the cathode B, water molecules in the electrolytic cell are ionized to form H⁺And OH^-Ions, OH^-Gather to the anode A, release electrons, and be oxidized to form O₂Gas, H⁺Moves to the cathode B for aggregation, and meanwhile, in the cathode tank 02, ions with high valence state are aggregated to the cathode B, absorb electrons of the cathode B and are reduced into elements with low valence state, H⁺Can not be reduced to form H₂A gas; at the same time, oxygen and H in solution₂O reoxidizes the lower valency elements to the higher valency ions.

With reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in addition, in this embodiment, a gas input pipe 04 may be further disposed in the cathode chamber 02, and the gas input pipe 04 extends into the cathode chamber 02 and is used for introducing oxygen into the cathode chamber 02; specifically, mechanical pump 07 is connected to the one end of gas input pipeline 04, and the other end is located the bottom in negative pole groove 02 to make the gas that lets in negative pole groove 02 float from the bottom is upwards, increase gas and electrolyte area of contact and contact uniformity, make the reaction more abundant. Further, the other end of the gas input pipeline 04 is connected with a microporous part 05, and the microporous part 05 is provided with a plurality of pores; the other end of the gas input conduit 04 is inserted into the interior of the microporous member 05 so that the gas input conduit 04 communicates with the pores within the microporous member 05. Specifically, the microporous component 05 comprises a microporous structure 501 and a joint 502, wherein an air passage 503 is arranged inside the joint 502, and the other end of the plum of the gas input pipeline 04 is inserted into the air passage 503; the micropores of the microporous structure 501 communicate with the air passages 503. The gas enters the microporous part 05, is uniformly refined and then enters the cathode tank 02, so that the gas can be more fully combined with the electrolyte, and the reaction rate and the reaction effect are improved. Preferably, the microporous member 05 may be made of a microporous ceramic such as tourmaline.

Here, the variable valence ion is one or more of main group III ion, main group IV ion, main group VII ion, transition group metal ion, lanthanide ion, preferably, the transition group metal ion is one or more of sub-groups I, II, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII; for example, the higher valence of the variable valence ion is Pd²⁺,Br⁰,Tl³⁺，Ti⁴⁺,V⁴⁺,Cr⁶⁺,Mn⁷⁺,Fe³⁺,Mo⁶⁺,Bi³⁺,Cu²⁺,Zn²⁺,Ce⁴⁺,Ge⁴⁺,Au³⁺,Pt²⁺,Ag⁺One or more of (a) and (b), correspondingly, the element of lower valence is Pd⁰,Br^-,Tl⁰，Ti³⁺,V³⁺,Cr³⁺,Mn³⁺,Fe²⁺,Mo⁰,Bi⁰,Cu⁰,Zn⁰,Ce³⁺,Ge⁰,Au⁰,Pt⁰,Ag⁰One or more of (a). In addition, the high valency ionic solution of variable valency ions can be sulfate, phosphate, hypochlorite, variable valency metal acid, such as PtCl₄ ^2-，AuCl₄ ^-，MnO₄ ^-，VO₂ ⁺Etc., or nitrate radical.

Here, the process of generating oxygen in the electrolytic cell 00 will be described in detail. Wherein, with R^x+Represents a higher valence state of an element, R^y+Represents the lower valence state of the element, wherein x is a positive integer and y is a non-negative positive number.

Anode: h₂O＝O₂+ZH⁺+Ze^-；

Cathode: MR^x++Ze^-＝{(Mx-Z)/y}R^y+；

The general formula: h₂O+MR^x+＝{(Mx-Z)/y}R^y++O₂+ZH⁺。

When the anode A and the cathode B are energized, a DC power supply H is generally applied₂Electrolysis of O at anode A to produce H⁺And O₂、e^-，H⁺Moving the aggregate to the cathode B and passing through an ion exchange membrane; at R^x+Ions are gathered at the cathode B and are better than H⁺Rush to e^-Is reduced to R^y+Thereby inhibiting H⁺Generation of H₂. Therefore, air may be directly introduced into the gas inlet pipe 04. Air can supply oxygen into the cathode bath 02 and ensure a low oxygen concentration, which is advantageous for the cathode B reaction.

In addition, in this embodiment, still set up waterproof heating element 08 on negative pole groove 02, the preferred can set up on the lateral wall of negative pole groove 02 for electrolyte in negative pole groove 02 has certain temperature, thereby promotes the above-mentioned low valence state of the element that is reduced and oxidizes to the high valence state once more, realizes the cyclic utilization of material, avoids the process of constantly adding the electrolyte raw materials, greatly reduced the cost, practiced thrift the energy. Preferably, the waterproof heating part 08 includes a waterproof case and a heating wire disposed in the waterproof case. The heating wire is connected to a waterproof wire so that the waterproof heating part 08 can be completely placed in the electrolyte. Of course, the waterproof housing must be sealed. Note that the heating member 08 may be provided on the inner wall and/or the outer wall of the cathode tank 02.

In addition, the invention also provides an air quality control system of the closed space, which comprises the electrolyzed water oxygen production system.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, which are illustrated for the purpose of illustration only and not for the purpose of limitation, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electrolytic water oxygen generation system, comprising:

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the variable valence ions are one or more of group III ions, group IV ions, group VII ions, transition metal ions, lanthanide ions.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the transition group metal ions are one or more of subgroups I, II, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the multivalent ion has a valence of Pd² ⁺,Br⁰,Tl³⁺，Ti⁴⁺,V⁴⁺,Cr⁶⁺,Mn⁷⁺,Fe³⁺,Mo⁶⁺,Bi³⁺,Cu²⁺,Zn²⁺,Ce⁴⁺,Ge⁴⁺,Au³⁺,Pt²⁺,Ag⁺One or more of (a).

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the element in a lower valence state is Pd⁰,Br^-,Tl⁰，Ti³⁺,V³⁺,Cr³⁺,Mn³⁺,Fe²⁺,Mo⁰,Bi⁰,Cu⁰,Zn⁰,Ce³⁺,Ge⁰,Au⁰,Pt⁰,Ag⁰One or more of (a).

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the solution of higher valent ions of variable valent ions is one or more of sulfate, phosphate, hypochlorite, variable valent metallate, or nitrate.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein a direct current power source is applied between the anode and the cathode.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the ion exchange membrane is a proton exchange membrane.

9. An enclosed space air quality control system comprising the electrolyzed water oxygen production system of claim 1.