CN110861180A - Antique building Fraxinus mandshurica surface antiquing technology - Google Patents
Antique building Fraxinus mandshurica surface antiquing technology Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/007—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process employing compositions comprising nanoparticles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/003—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 by using electromagnetic radiation or mechanical waves
- B27K5/0055—Radio-waves, e.g. microwaves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/04—Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D167/08—Polyesters modified with higher fatty oils or their acids, or with natural resins or resin acids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/50—Ageing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface antiquing process of a water yeast willow for an antique building, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-55 parts of open paint, 50-70 parts of modification liquid, 15-20 parts of gelatin, 2-3 parts of citric acid, 2.5-4.0 parts of sodium acetate, 15-20 parts of triethanolamine, 2.0-2.2 parts of calcium chloride and 250 parts of deionized water with 200 percent of organic solvent; when the open paint prepared by the invention is sprayed on the surface of the ash, the open paint has excellent adhesive force and gloss retention performance, is high in glossiness and can be formed into a film at one time, so that the open paint can be better compounded with the ash, the requirement of spraying under various conditions can be met, and the technical problems that the existing nitro-lacquer is high in viscosity, only used for spraying and cannot be formed into a film at one time, and when the nitro-lacquer is sprayed on the surface of the ash, the glossiness is low, the film cannot be formed at one time, and the bonding capacity with the ash is poor are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of surface treatment of wooden products, and particularly relates to a process for antique finishing of the surface of Fraxinus mandshurica for an archaized building.
Background
The following problems also exist when the surface of the wooden product is used at present: the process is complex, the antique effect is not good enough, the requirement on the quality of wood is high, and the number of common wood is small; the northeast China and other places. It is yellowish white (sapwood) or brown and slightly yellowish (heartwood). The annual rings are obvious and uneven, the wood structure is thick, the texture is straight, the patterns are straight, the luster is not good, and the hardness is low. The fraxinus mandshurica has the characteristics of good elasticity and toughness, wear resistance, moisture resistance and the like. However, drying is difficult and warping is easy. The processing performance is good, but tearing is prevented, but the fraxinus mandshurica wood is easy to turn yellow when being worn, and the evaporation of water in the fraxinus mandshurica can cause the swelling and cracking of a surface paint film;
the Chinese invention patent CN106217549B discloses a wood antique finishing process for ancient buildings, which has the technical scheme key points that: a wood antique finishing process for ancient buildings comprises the following steps: s1, cleaning and airing the surface of the wood; s2, waxing the part of the wood needing to be worn, and standing until the wax is solidified and formed; s3, applying preservative to the rest of the antique wood in the step S2; s4, performing wax removal treatment on the distressed parts of the wood in the step S3 until the distressed parts of the wood are exposed to the air; s5, immersing the wood in the step S4 in pit mud solution for soaking treatment for 20 min; then taking out, cleaning the pit mud solution on the surface of the wood by using a sodium bicarbonate solution, and cleaning the surface of the wood by using clear water; and S6, treating the wood in the step S5 at high temperature for 2-3h, and then rapidly cooling and standing to obtain the product.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides a process for antique building Fraxinus mandshurica surface antiquing.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
(1) the fraxinus mandshurica has a thick wood structure, but no luster and small hardness, and the fraxinus mandshurica is easy to turn yellow when being used for antiquing, and the evaporation of water in the fraxinus mandshurica can cause the swelling and cracking of a surface paint film when being used for antiquing paint spraying;
(2) the existing nitrolacquer has high viscosity, is only used for spraying and cannot form a film once, and when the nitrolacquer is sprayed on the surface of the ash tree, the glossiness is low, so that the film cannot be formed once, and the bonding capability with the ash tree is poor.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a technology for antique building-used water-marked willow surface antiquing comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-55 parts of open paint, 50-70 parts of modification liquid, 15-20 parts of gelatin, 2-3 parts of citric acid, 2.5-4.0 parts of sodium acetate, 15-20 parts of triethanolamine, 2.0-2.2 parts of calcium chloride and 250 parts of deionized water with 200 percent of organic solvent;
mixing gelatin, citric acid, sodium acetate, triethanolamine, calcium chloride and deionized water, heating in a water bath at 35 ℃ and stirring for 30min to obtain a penetrating fluid;
step three, sanding the surface of the water willow, removing dust on the surface, soaking the water willow in the penetrating fluid prepared in the step two, drying the water willow at 40-45 ℃ for 5-6 hours, performing microwave treatment, controlling the microwave frequency to be 20-30MHz, the treatment temperature to be 80-90 ℃, treating for 2-3min, taking out the water willow, standing for 1h, transferring the water willow to a modification solution, treating the water willow at 45 ℃ for 15-20min, taking out the water willow, washing the surface of the water willow three times by using clear water, and drying the water willow in a drying oven at 60-70 ℃ until the water content is 1-5;
and step four, spraying open paint on the surface of the dried water willow, controlling the spraying thickness to be 15-25 microns, spraying varnish after air drying, controlling the spraying thickness to be 6-10 microns, drawing wires by using 400-mesh sand paper after air drying, controlling the drawing thickness to be 4-6 microns, and finally adjusting the color correction.
Further, the open paint is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of drying oil, 15-20 parts of phthalic anhydride, 8-15 parts of neopentyl glycol, 5-10 parts of trimethylolpropane, 5-8 parts of nitrocotton, 12-16 parts of n-butanol, 5-8 parts of ethyl acetate and 20-25 parts of acetone.
Further, the open paint is prepared by the following method:
step S1, mixing the drying oil, the neopentyl glycol and the trimethylolpropane, heating to 180-200 ℃, adding an alkaline catalyst, reacting for 1 hour at the temperature, adding phthalic anhydride, heating to 200-210 ℃, adding the phthalic anhydride again, magnetically stirring and reacting for 4 hours to obtain transparent resin, wherein the weight ratio of the two additions of the phthalic anhydride is controlled to be 1: 2-2.5;
and S2, adding ethyl acetate and acetone into a beaker, heating in a water bath at 40-45 ℃, adding nitrocotton, magnetically stirring until the nitrocotton is completely dissolved, adding n-butanol, heating to 60 ℃, adding the transparent resin prepared in the step S1, magnetically stirring and reacting for 4 hours to prepare the open paint.
In the step S1, dry oil, neopentyl glycol and trimethylolpropane are subjected to alcoholysis reaction under the action of an alkaline catalyst, the trimethylolpropane has a plurality of propyl groups and low polarity, the trimethylolpropane has three hydroxyl groups, phthalic anhydride is added twice, the weight ratio of the two addition amounts is 1: 2-2.5, phthalic anhydride is added for the first time for alcoholysis reaction, phthalic anhydride is added for the second time for esterification reaction, the hydroxyl groups in the trimethylolpropane can promote the esterification reaction to be complete, a transparent resin is finally prepared, unsaturated bonds are arranged on the side chain of the transparent resin, ethyl acetate and acetone are mixed in the step S2 to prepare an organic solvent, nitrocotton is added for dissolution, the transparent resin and the nitrocotton are mixed for crosslinking and curing, so that the performances of the finally prepared open paint, such as adhesive force, gloss retention and the like, can be improved, the prepared open paint is a nitropaint, the viscosity of the existing nitropaint is high, the nitropaint is only used for spraying, and a film cannot be formed at one time.
Further, the alkaline catalyst in step S1 is one or both of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate.
Further, the modifying solution is prepared by the following method:
(1) heating phenol at 45 ℃ until the phenol is completely melted, adding a 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution by mass fraction, preserving the heat for 15min at the temperature, adding a formaldehyde solution, heating to 65 ℃, reacting for 20min, heating to 85-90 ℃, refluxing for 30min, cooling to 75 ℃, and performing vacuum dehydration to prepare the phenolic resin, wherein the weight ratio of the phenol to the 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to the formaldehyde solution is controlled to be 10: 0.07-0.08: 1.2-1.3;
(2) adding polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water into a three-neck flask, heating in a water bath at 50 ℃ and stirring for 30min to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, then adding the phenolic resin prepared in the step (1), heating to 60 ℃, and stirring at a rotating speed of 250r/min for 15min to prepare a modified phenolic resin solution, wherein the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the deionized water to the phenolic resin is controlled to be 10: 1: 90-100;
(3) adding nano silicon dioxide, boric acid solution with the mass fraction of 3% and tributyl phosphate into the modified phenolic resin solution prepared in the step (2), heating in water bath at 40 ℃, magnetically stirring for 15min, adding acetone, and continuously stirring for 10min to prepare modified solution, wherein the weight ratio of the modified phenolic resin solution, the nano silicon dioxide, the boric acid solution with the mass fraction of 3%, the tributyl phosphate and the acetone is controlled to be 2: 0.03-0.05: 1.2-1.5: 1: 2.
Melting phenol at 45 ℃, and then reacting with formaldehyde to prepare a phenolic resin, mixing the phenolic resin with polyvinyl alcohol in step (2), modifying the phenolic resin through the polyvinyl alcohol, wherein microphase separation is generated in the modification process, a high-molecular long chain part in the phenolic resin is separated out, the polyvinyl alcohol can be dispersed in the phenolic resin as a disperse phase and can cause stress concentration to cause a silver streak phenomenon, so that the strength and toughness of a system are improved, and mixing the prepared modified phenolic resin liquid with nano silicon dioxide, a 3% boric acid solution and the like in step (3) to prepare a modified liquid, wherein when the modified liquid is used on the surface of the northeast china ash, wooden cells in the northeast China ash can be contracted, so that the density of the northeast china ash is increased, and the stability of the northwest china ash is improved; therefore, when the modified liquid and the open paint are used for the water willow, the adhesive force of the open paint to the water willow can be improved, and the open paint is prevented from falling off under the influence of factors such as temperature and the like.
Further, the varnish in the fourth step is water-based transparent varnish, and the type of the varnish is one or two of ZW42015 or YBW 3606.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention relates to a process for antique building Fraxinus mandshurica surface antiquing, which comprises the steps of preparing a constantly open paint in the antique process, wherein when the open paint is prepared, dry oil, neopentyl glycol and trimethylolpropane in step S1 are subjected to alcoholysis reaction under the action of an alkaline catalyst, the trimethylolpropane has a plurality of propyl groups and low polarity, and the trimethylolpropane has three hydroxyl groups, then phthalic anhydride is added twice, the weight ratio of the two additions is 1: 2-2.5, the phthalic anhydride is added for the alcoholysis reaction for the first time, the esterification reaction is added for the second time, the plurality of hydroxyl groups in the trimethylolpropane can promote the esterification reaction to be complete, finally, preparing a transparent resin, the transparent resin has unsaturated bonds on the side chain, and ethyl acetate and acetone are mixed in step S2 to prepare an organic solvent, then adding nitrocotton for dissolution, mixing the transparent resin and the nitrocotton for crosslinking and curing, improving the properties of the finally prepared open paint such as adhesive force, gloss retention and the like, the prepared open paint is a nitropaint, the viscosity of the existing nitropaint is high, the nitropaint is only used for spraying, and a film cannot be formed at one time, when the open paint prepared by the invention is sprayed on the surface of the fraxinus mandshurica, because the adhesive has excellent adhesive force and gloss retention performance and high glossiness, and can form a film once, so that the lacquer can be better compounded with the water-logging willow wood, can meet the requirement of spraying under various conditions, solves the problems that the prior nitrolacquer has high viscosity and is only used for spraying, and the lacquer can not form a film once, and when the lacquer is sprayed on the surface of the ash tree, the glossiness is low, so that the lacquer can not form a film once and has poor adhesive capacity with the ash tree.
(2) The invention also provides a modified liquid, in the preparation process, the phenol is melted at 45 ℃ in the step (1), then the modified liquid reacts with formaldehyde to prepare phenolic resin, the phenolic resin is mixed with polyvinyl alcohol in the step (2), the phenolic resin is modified by polyvinyl alcohol, microphase separation is generated in the modification process, a high molecular long chain part in the phenolic resin is separated out, the polyvinyl alcohol can be dispersed in the phenolic resin as a disperse phase and can cause stress concentration to cause a silver streak phenomenon, further improving the strength and toughness of the system, mixing the prepared modified phenolic resin liquid with nano silicon dioxide, 3% boric acid solution and the like in the step (3) to prepare a modified liquid, when the modified solution is used on the surface of the ash tree, the wooden cells in the ash tree can be contracted, so that the density of the wood can be increased, and the stability of the ash tree can be improved; therefore, when the modifying solution and the open paint are used for the northeast China ash tree, the adhesive force of the open paint to the northeast China ash tree can be improved, the open paint is prevented from falling off under the influence of factors such as temperature, and the technical problems that the northeast China ash tree is thick in wood structure, dull, low in hardness, prone to yellowing during antiquing, and the surface paint film bulges and cracks due to evaporation of water in the northeast China ash tree during antiquing paint spraying are solved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A technology for antique building-used water-marked willow surface antiquing comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of open paint, 50 parts of modified liquid, 15 parts of gelatin, 2 parts of citric acid, 2.5 parts of sodium acetate, 15 parts of triethanolamine, 2.0 parts of calcium chloride and 200 parts of deionized water;
mixing gelatin, citric acid, sodium acetate, triethanolamine, calcium chloride and deionized water, heating in a water bath at 35 ℃ and stirring for 30min to obtain a penetrating fluid;
step three, sanding the surface of the water willow, removing surface dust, soaking the water willow in the penetrating fluid prepared in the step two, drying the water willow at 45 ℃ for 5 hours, performing microwave treatment, controlling the microwave frequency to be 20MHz, the treatment temperature to be 80 ℃, treating the water willow for 2 minutes, taking out the water willow, standing the water willow for 1 hour, transferring the water willow to a modification solution, treating the water willow at 45 ℃ for 15 minutes, taking out the water willow, washing the surface of the water willow with clear water for three times, and drying the water willow in a 60 ℃ drying oven until;
and step four, spraying open paint on the surface of the dried water willow, controlling the spraying thickness to be 20 microns, spraying varnish after air drying, controlling the spraying thickness to be 8 microns, drawing the wire with 400-mesh abrasive paper after air drying, controlling the drawing thickness to be 4 microns, and finally adjusting the color repairing.
The adjustment is repaiied look and is adopted aqueous paint to repair look, and the model is FT47232, and thickness is 2-4 um.
The varnish in the fourth step is water-based transparent varnish, and the model is ZW 42015.
The open paint is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of drying oil, 15 parts of phthalic anhydride, 8 parts of neopentyl glycol, 5 parts of trimethylolpropane, 5 parts of nitrocotton, 12 parts of n-butanol, 5 parts of ethyl acetate and 20 parts of acetone.
The drying oil is tung oil.
The open paint is prepared by the following method:
step S1, mixing the drying oil, the neopentyl glycol and the trimethylolpropane, heating to 180 ℃, adding an alkaline catalyst, reacting for 1 hour at the temperature, adding phthalic anhydride, heating to 200 ℃, adding the phthalic anhydride again, magnetically stirring and reacting for 4 hours to obtain transparent resin, and controlling the weight ratio of the two addition amounts of the phthalic anhydride to be 1: 2;
and S2, adding ethyl acetate and acetone into a beaker, heating in a water bath at 40 ℃, adding nitrocotton, magnetically stirring until the nitrocotton is completely dissolved, adding n-butanol, heating to 60 ℃, adding the transparent resin prepared in the step S1, magnetically stirring and reacting for 4 hours to prepare the open paint.
The modified liquid is prepared by the following method:
(1) heating phenol at 45 ℃ until the phenol is completely melted, adding 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, preserving heat for 15min at the temperature, adding formaldehyde solution, heating to 65 ℃, reacting for 20min, heating to 85 ℃, refluxing for 30min, cooling to 75 ℃, and performing vacuum dehydration to prepare phenolic resin, wherein the weight ratio of the phenol to the 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to the formaldehyde solution is controlled to be 10: 0.07: 1.2;
(2) adding polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water into a three-neck flask, heating in a water bath at 50 ℃ and stirring for 30min to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, then adding the phenolic resin prepared in the step (1), heating to 60 ℃, and stirring at a rotating speed of 250r/min for 15min to prepare a modified phenolic resin solution, wherein the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the deionized water to the phenolic resin is controlled to be 10: 1: 90;
(3) adding nano silicon dioxide, 3% boric acid solution and tributyl phosphate into the modified phenolic resin solution prepared in the step (2), heating in water bath at 40 ℃, magnetically stirring for 15min, adding acetone, and continuously stirring for 10min to prepare the modified solution, wherein the weight ratio of the modified phenolic resin solution, the nano silicon dioxide, the 3% boric acid solution, the tributyl phosphate and the acetone is controlled to be 2: 0.03: 1.2-1: 2.
Example 2
A technology for antique building-used water-marked willow surface antiquing comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of open paint, 55 parts of modified liquid, 16 parts of gelatin, 2 parts of citric acid, 2.8 parts of sodium acetate, 18 parts of triethanolamine, 2.0 parts of calcium chloride and 220 parts of deionized water;
mixing gelatin, citric acid, sodium acetate, triethanolamine, calcium chloride and deionized water, heating in a water bath at 35 ℃ and stirring for 30min to obtain a penetrating fluid;
step three, sanding the surface of the water willow, removing surface dust, soaking the water willow in the penetrating fluid prepared in the step two, drying the water willow at 45 ℃ for 5 hours, performing microwave treatment, controlling the microwave frequency to be 20MHz, the treatment temperature to be 80 ℃, treating the water willow for 2 minutes, taking out the water willow, standing the water willow for 1 hour, transferring the water willow to a modification solution, treating the water willow at 45 ℃ for 15 minutes, taking out the water willow, washing the surface of the water willow with clear water for three times, and drying the water willow in a 60 ℃ drying oven until;
and step four, spraying open paint on the surface of the dried water willow, controlling the spraying thickness to be 20 microns, spraying varnish after air drying, controlling the spraying thickness to be 8 microns, drawing the wire with 400-mesh abrasive paper after air drying, controlling the drawing thickness to be 4 microns, and finally adjusting the color repairing.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 3
A technology for antique building-used water-marked willow surface antiquing comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of open paint, 65 parts of modified liquid, 18 parts of gelatin, 3 parts of citric acid, 3.5 parts of sodium acetate, 18 parts of triethanolamine, 2.1 parts of calcium chloride and 240 parts of deionized water;
mixing gelatin, citric acid, sodium acetate, triethanolamine, calcium chloride and deionized water, heating in a water bath at 35 ℃ and stirring for 30min to obtain a penetrating fluid;
step three, sanding the surface of the water willow, removing surface dust, soaking the water willow in the penetrating fluid prepared in the step two, drying the water willow at 45 ℃ for 5 hours, performing microwave treatment, controlling the microwave frequency to be 20MHz, the treatment temperature to be 80 ℃, treating the water willow for 2 minutes, taking out the water willow, standing the water willow for 1 hour, transferring the water willow to a modification solution, treating the water willow at 45 ℃ for 15 minutes, taking out the water willow, washing the surface of the water willow with clear water for three times, and drying the water willow in a 60 ℃ drying oven until;
and step four, spraying open paint on the surface of the dried water willow, controlling the spraying thickness to be 20 microns, spraying varnish after air drying, controlling the spraying thickness to be 8 microns, drawing the wire with 400-mesh abrasive paper after air drying, controlling the drawing thickness to be 4 microns, and finally adjusting the color repairing.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Example 4
A technology for antique building-used water-marked willow surface antiquing comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of open paint, 70 parts of modified liquid, 20 parts of gelatin, 3 parts of citric acid, 4.0 parts of sodium acetate, 20 parts of triethanolamine, 2.2 parts of calcium chloride and 250 parts of deionized water;
mixing gelatin, citric acid, sodium acetate, triethanolamine, calcium chloride and deionized water, heating in a water bath at 35 ℃ and stirring for 30min to obtain a penetrating fluid;
step three, sanding the surface of the water willow, removing surface dust, soaking the water willow in the penetrating fluid prepared in the step two, drying the water willow at 45 ℃ for 5 hours, performing microwave treatment, controlling the microwave frequency to be 20MHz, the treatment temperature to be 80 ℃, treating the water willow for 2 minutes, taking out the water willow, standing the water willow for 1 hour, transferring the water willow to a modification solution, treating the water willow at 45 ℃ for 15 minutes, taking out the water willow, washing the surface of the water willow with clear water for three times, and drying the water willow in a 60 ℃ drying oven until;
and step four, spraying open paint on the surface of the dried water willow, controlling the spraying thickness to be 20 microns, spraying varnish after air drying, controlling the spraying thickness to be 8 microns, drawing the wire with 400-mesh abrasive paper after air drying, controlling the drawing thickness to be 4 microns, and finally adjusting the color repairing.
The rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 1
In comparison with example 1, this comparative example, in which the open lacquer according to the invention was replaced by the lacquer TH-Q01-1, was prepared as follows:
step one, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of TH-Q01-1, 50 parts of modified liquid, 15 parts of gelatin, 2 parts of citric acid, 2.5 parts of sodium acetate, 15 parts of triethanolamine, 2.0 parts of calcium chloride and 200 parts of deionized water;
mixing gelatin, citric acid, sodium acetate, triethanolamine, calcium chloride and deionized water, heating in a water bath at 35 ℃ and stirring for 30min to obtain a penetrating fluid;
step three, sanding the surface of the water willow, removing surface dust, soaking the water willow in the penetrating fluid prepared in the step two, drying the water willow at 45 ℃ for 5 hours, performing microwave treatment, controlling the microwave frequency to be 20MHz, the treatment temperature to be 80 ℃, treating the water willow for 2 minutes, taking out the water willow, standing the water willow for 1 hour, transferring the water willow to a modification solution, treating the water willow at 45 ℃ for 15 minutes, taking out the water willow, washing the surface of the water willow with clear water for three times, and drying the water willow in a 60 ℃ drying oven until;
and step four, spraying open paint on the surface of the dried water willow, controlling the spraying thickness to be 20 microns, spraying varnish after air drying, controlling the spraying thickness to be 8 microns, drawing the wire with 400-mesh abrasive paper after air drying, controlling the drawing thickness to be 4 microns, and finally adjusting the color repairing.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example was prepared as follows, without treatment with a modifying solution, as compared to example 1:
step one, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of open paint, 15 parts of gelatin, 2 parts of citric acid, 2.5 parts of sodium acetate, 15 parts of triethanolamine, 2.0 parts of calcium chloride and 200 parts of deionized water;
mixing gelatin, citric acid, sodium acetate, triethanolamine, calcium chloride and deionized water, heating in a water bath at 35 ℃ and stirring for 30min to obtain a penetrating fluid;
step three, sanding the surface of the water willow, removing dust on the surface, soaking the water willow in the penetrating fluid prepared in the step two, drying the water willow at 45 ℃ for 5 hours, performing microwave treatment, controlling the microwave frequency to be 20MHz, the treatment temperature to be 80 ℃, treating for 2min, taking out the water willow, standing the water willow for 1 hour, washing the surface three times by using clear water, and drying the water willow in a 60 ℃ oven until the water content is 2%;
and step four, spraying open paint on the surface of the dried water willow, controlling the spraying thickness to be 20 microns, spraying varnish after air drying, controlling the spraying thickness to be 8 microns, drawing the wire with 400-mesh abrasive paper after air drying, controlling the drawing thickness to be 4 microns, and finally adjusting the color repairing.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is a distressing method in the market.
The test was carried out after the open paints of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were sprayed on the surface of the wood of a water willow, and the results are shown in the following table;
| paint film adhesion | Hardness of paint film (H) | Abrasion value (g/100r) | |
| Example 1 | 1 | 4 | 0.025 |
| Practice ofExample 2 | 1 | 4 | 0.025 |
| Example 3 | 1 | 4 | 0.023 |
| Example 4 | 1 | 5 | 0.022 |
| Comparative example 1 | 3 | 3 | 0.056 |
| Comparative example 2 | 2 | 2 | 0.050 |
| Comparative example 3 | 3 | 2 | 0.058 |
As can be seen from the above table, the paint films of examples 1-4 have an adhesion of 1, a paint film hardness of 4-5H, and a wear value of 0.022-0.025g/100 r; comparative examples 1 to 3 have a paint film adhesion of 2 to 3, a paint film hardness of 2 to 3H and a wear value of 0.050 to 0.058g/100 r. When the open paint prepared by the invention is sprayed on the surface of the ash, the open paint has excellent adhesive force and gloss retention performance, has high glossiness and can form a film at one time, so that the open paint can be better compounded with the ash, can meet the requirement of spraying under various conditions, and solves the technical problems that the existing nitropaint has high viscosity, is only used for spraying and cannot form a film at one time, and when the nitropaint is sprayed on the surface of the ash, the glossiness is low, the film cannot be formed at one time, and the bonding capability with the ash is poor.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The technology for antiquing the surface of the Fraxinus mandshurica for the archaized building is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-55 parts of open paint, 50-70 parts of modification liquid, 15-20 parts of gelatin, 2-3 parts of citric acid, 2.5-4.0 parts of sodium acetate, 15-20 parts of triethanolamine, 2.0-2.2 parts of calcium chloride and 250 parts of deionized water with 200 percent of organic solvent;
mixing gelatin, citric acid, sodium acetate, triethanolamine, calcium chloride and deionized water, heating in a water bath at 35 ℃ and stirring for 30min to obtain a penetrating fluid;
step three, sanding the surface of the water willow, removing dust on the surface, soaking the water willow in the penetrating fluid prepared in the step two, drying the water willow at 40-45 ℃ for 5-6 hours, performing microwave treatment, controlling the microwave frequency to be 20-30MHz, the treatment temperature to be 80-90 ℃, treating for 2-3min, taking out the water willow, standing for 1h, transferring the water willow to a modification solution, treating the water willow at 45 ℃ for 15-20min, taking out the water willow, washing the surface of the water willow three times by using clear water, and drying the water willow in a drying oven at 60-70 ℃ until the water content is 1-5;
and step four, spraying open paint on the surface of the dried water willow, controlling the spraying thickness to be 15-25 microns, spraying varnish after air drying, controlling the spraying thickness to be 6-10 microns, drawing wires by using 400-mesh sand paper after air drying, controlling the drawing thickness to be 4-6 microns, and finally adjusting the color correction.
2. The surface distressing process of the Fraxinus mandshurica for the antique building according to claim 1, wherein the open paint is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of drying oil, 15-20 parts of phthalic anhydride, 8-15 parts of neopentyl glycol, 5-10 parts of trimethylolpropane, 5-8 parts of nitrocotton, 12-16 parts of n-butanol, 5-8 parts of ethyl acetate and 20-25 parts of acetone.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein the open paint is prepared by the following method:
step S1, mixing the drying oil, the neopentyl glycol and the trimethylolpropane, heating to 180-200 ℃, adding an alkaline catalyst, reacting for 1 hour at the temperature, adding phthalic anhydride, heating to 200-210 ℃, adding the phthalic anhydride again, magnetically stirring and reacting for 4 hours to obtain transparent resin, wherein the weight ratio of the two additions of the phthalic anhydride is controlled to be 1: 2-2.5;
and S2, adding ethyl acetate and acetone into a beaker, heating in a water bath at 40-45 ℃, adding nitrocotton, magnetically stirring until the nitrocotton is completely dissolved, adding n-butanol, heating to 60 ℃, adding the transparent resin prepared in the step S1, magnetically stirring and reacting for 4 hours to prepare the open paint.
4. The process of claim 3, wherein the alkaline catalyst in step S1 is one or both of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein the modification solution is prepared by the following method:
(1) heating phenol at 45 ℃ until the phenol is completely melted, adding 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, preserving heat for 15min at the temperature, adding formaldehyde solution, heating to 65 ℃, reacting for 20min, heating to 85-90 ℃, refluxing for 30min, cooling to 75 ℃, and performing vacuum dehydration to prepare phenolic resin, wherein the weight ratio of the phenol to the 10% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to the formaldehyde solution is controlled to be 10: 0.07-0.08: 1.2-1.3;
(2) adding polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water into a three-neck flask, heating in a water bath at 50 ℃ and stirring for 30min to prepare a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, then adding the phenolic resin prepared in the step (1), heating to 60 ℃, and stirring at a rotating speed of 250r/min for 15min to prepare a modified phenolic resin solution, wherein the weight ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol to the deionized water to the phenolic resin is controlled to be 10: 1: 90-100;
(3) adding nano silicon dioxide, 3% boric acid solution and tributyl phosphate into the modified phenolic resin solution prepared in the step (2), heating in water bath at 40 ℃, magnetically stirring for 15min, adding acetone, and continuously stirring for 10min to prepare the modified solution, wherein the weight ratio of the modified phenolic resin solution, the nano silicon dioxide, the 3% boric acid solution, the tributyl phosphate and the acetone is controlled to be 2: 0.03-0.05: 1.2-1.5: 1: 2.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein the varnish in step four is a water-based transparent varnish, and the type of the varnish is one or two of ZW42015 or YBW 3606.
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