CN110860949A - Detection device and detection method for numerical control tool rest positioning precision and repeated positioning precision - Google Patents
Detection device and detection method for numerical control tool rest positioning precision and repeated positioning precision Download PDFInfo
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- CN110860949A CN110860949A CN201911313882.6A CN201911313882A CN110860949A CN 110860949 A CN110860949 A CN 110860949A CN 201911313882 A CN201911313882 A CN 201911313882A CN 110860949 A CN110860949 A CN 110860949A
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/22—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring existing or desired position of tool or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/006—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating the presence of a work or tool in its holder
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection device and a detection method for positioning accuracy and repeated positioning accuracy of a numerical control tool rest. The method comprises the following steps: step one, mounting a pre-positioning plate on a cutter head; step two, mounting the clamping rod on the cutter head; step three, mounting a detection frame; step four, the twenty-four prism basal planes correspond to corresponding tool bit numbers; step five, mounting a detection table; sixthly, enabling the base surface to face the autocollimator; seventhly, the radial circular runout is less than 15 microns; step eight, detecting corresponding precision; step nine, rotating each test five groups positively and negatively; step ten, calculating corresponding precision; has the advantages that: and the rapid on-line detection of corresponding precision is carried out, so that the use convenience is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a detection device and a detection method for positioning accuracy and repeated positioning accuracy, in particular to a detection device and a detection method for the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of a numerical control tool rest.
Background
At present, a numerical control tool rest is taken as one of key functional parts of a numerical control machine tool, and precision indexes directly influence the precision of a machined workpiece. In the national standard GB/T20960-2007, a series of precision detection indexes of the numerical control tool rest are specified, wherein the positioning precision and the repeated positioning precision are precision indexes which are very important for a manufacturer of the numerical control tool rest, the tool rest needs to be detected before leaving a factory, and the tool rest is also an important reference item for a user when the numerical control tool rest is selected.
For the detection method of the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy, the national standard GB/T20960-2007 requires that the detection is carried out by using a test rod under the condition of no cutter head. However, the reassembling of the cutter head after the measurement by the detection means is finished is difficult to ensure the assembling precision, the subsequent use is influenced, and the requirement of detecting the degradation conditions of the positioning precision and the repeated positioning precision of the numerical control cutter frame after a user uses the numerical control cutter frame for a period of time is very difficult. In addition, in the national standard GB/T20960-2007, a detection method and a detection device are not specified for detection of the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy, and the detection device does not have real operability.
The methods proposed in the prior patents and documents require that the numerical control tool post is detached from the machine tool and placed on a ground flat iron or a test bed for measurement, and the methods mainly include a method for measuring by matching a laser interferometer and a reflecting mirror, a method for measuring by matching an encoder and a synchronous shaft, and a method for measuring by matching a metal regular polygon prism and a photoelectric autocollimator. Aiming at the method for coaxially fixing the metal regular polygonal prism on the cutter head and adjusting the coaxiality, the adjusting method provided by the patent with the application number ZL201710165016.1 can only be a blind adjustment method, the blind adjustment precision of a product with the tolerance of 4 arc seconds is not high, three groups of fixing bolts are required to be completely loosened and adjusted again when the method provided by the patent with the application number 2018102343095 is adjusted each time, and the actual operation is too difficult and the speed is extremely slow. In conclusion, the existing method is difficult to popularize in actual detection.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the existing numerical control tool rest detection device and detection method in the using process, and provides the detection device and detection method for the positioning precision and the repeated positioning precision of the numerical control tool rest.
The invention provides a detection device for the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of a numerical control tool rest, which comprises a detection table and a detection frame, wherein the detection table is assembled on a bed body of the numerical control machine tool, the detection frame is assembled on a cutter head of the tool rest to be detected, an autocollimator is assembled on the detection table, a twenty-four-surface prism is assembled on the detection frame, and the autocollimator corresponds to the twenty-four-surface prism.
The lathe bed of digit control machine tool is the inclined plane, and the angle of inclination of inclined plane is 30 or 45 or 60.
The detection platform consists of a magnetic base, a fixing frame, a lifting screw rod and an autocollimator, wherein the magnetic base is assembled on a bed body of the numerical control machine tool, the fixing frame is arranged on the magnetic base, the lifting screw rod is pivoted on a base of the fixing frame, the autocollimator is in threaded connection with the lifting screw rod through the lifting block, a driving hand wheel is assembled at the top end of the lifting screw rod, and the lifting block can drive the autocollimator to move up and down along the lifting screw rod by shaking the driving hand wheel.
The autocollimator is model number STD-3032.
The side surface of the magnetic base is provided with a magnetic switch, and the magnetic switch controls the magnetic property of the magnetic base.
The detection frame is including twenty four sides arriss, prepositioning base and cross slip table, wherein twenty four sides arriss pass through the arris body installation axle to be fixed on the slider on the cross slip table, the cross slip table is fixed on the prepositioning base, the rear portion of prepositioning base is provided with three prepositioning boards, the prepositioning groove has all been seted up on every prepositioning board, three prepositioning boards superpose the back and are formed with the prepositioning hole of hexagonal in prepositioning groove department, the locating pin at prepositioning base rear portion is inserted and is established in the prepositioning downthehole, the central point that the position of prepositioning hole corresponds the blade disc puts, the tip of every prepositioning board all is provided with several rows of fixed orificess, every prepositioning board passes through the fixed orifices and connects in the sword inslot of blade disc.
The cross sliding table is composed of a bottom plate, a horizontal moving plate and a sliding block, wherein the bottom plate is fixedly connected to a pre-positioning base, a vertical screw rod is pivoted on the bottom plate, the horizontal moving plate is in threaded connection with the vertical screw rod, a first adjusting wheel is arranged at the top end of the vertical screw rod, the horizontal moving plate can be driven to move up and down along the vertical screw rod through rotation of the first adjusting wheel, a horizontal screw rod is pivoted on the horizontal moving plate, the sliding block is in threaded connection with the horizontal screw rod, a second adjusting wheel is arranged at one end of the horizontal screw rod, and the sliding block can be driven to move left and right along the horizontal.
The border of the twenty-four-face prism is provided with twenty-four metal mirror surfaces, the light that every metal mirror surface can send the autocollimator of assembly on the detection platform carries out specular reflection, the centre of the twenty-four-face prism is equipped with a centre bore, pass the centre bore of the twenty-four-face prism during installation and install the axle and lean on the shaft shoulder of prism installation axle with the prism installation axle, prism installation axle is a step axle, the front end of prism installation axle is provided with the screw thread, the position department spiro union of screw thread has the compact heap, the epaxial parallel key that is provided with of prism installation, the front portion of prism installation axle still overlaps and is equipped with the sleeve, the keyway has been seted up to the position department that the sleeve corresponds the parallel key, the rear end of prism installation axle is fixed on the slider of cross slip table, the concentricity of the twenty-four-face prism and blade disc.
The invention provides a method for detecting the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of a numerical control tool rest, which comprises the following steps:
step one, mounting three pre-positioning plates on a cutter head of a measured cutter frame;
step two, mounting the three clamping rods on a pre-positioning base, adjusting the position of the pre-positioning base, placing a positioning pin at the rear part of the pre-positioning base in a pre-positioning hole formed by superposing the three pre-positioning plates, and then mounting the clamping rods on a cutter head in an actual cutter clamping manner;
step three, mounting a cross sliding table, a prism mounting shaft, a twenty-four-sided prism, a sleeve and a pressing block;
step four, manually rotating the twenty-four prisms to enable the base planes of the twenty-four prisms to correspond to the corresponding tool bit numbers, and screwing the pressing blocks;
mounting a detection table, and enabling an autocollimator on the detection table to face the base plane of the twenty-four-sided prism;
adjusting the horizontal position of the measured tool rest by adjusting the numerical value of the Z axis of the numerical control machine tool, and adjusting the height of the autocollimator by adjusting the lifting block to ensure that the base surface of the twenty-four prisms is opposite to the autocollimator;
seventhly, detecting the radial circular runout of the prism mounting shaft by a meter printing method, changing the position of a sliding block on the cross sliding table by matching and adjusting a first adjusting wheel and a second adjusting wheel on the cross sliding table, driving the twenty-four prisms to change the positions and further finely adjusting the coaxiality, and enabling the radial circular runout of the prism mounting shaft to be smaller than 15 microns;
step eight, utilizing a fine adjustment device of the autocollimator to adjust the left-right swing angle and the pitch angle of the autocollimator, so that after the autocollimator and the corresponding surfaces of the twenty-four prisms are in focus, the positioning accuracy and repeated positioning accuracy detection is started;
rotating the measured tool rest by taking a station as a starting position, changing the tool bit by bit, recording the reading of each station, and rotating each test five groups forward and backward;
step ten, recording data and calculating the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of the measured tool rest by using the following calculation formula:
(1) and a positioning precision evaluation method:
xc (i, j) represents the j test value of the ith station in angular seconds, wherein j is 1,2, 5 represents a forward rotation test, j is 6,7, 10 represents a reverse rotation test, clockwise is defined as forward rotation, and anticlockwise is defined as reverse rotation, and the positioning precision of the j test is in angular seconds, and the positioning precision is as follows:
cla(j)cla(j)＝max(xc(i，j)-min(xc(i，j))，i＝1，2，...，imax
the positioning accuracy of the measured tool rest is represented by CLA, the unit is angular second, and the value is
CLA＝max(cla(i))，i＝1，2，...，imax
(2) And the repeated positioning precision evaluation method comprises the following steps:
cc (i, j) represents the j test value of the ith station in angular seconds, wherein j is 1,2, 5 represents the forward rotation test, j is 6,7, 10 represents the reverse rotation test, and the repeated positioning precision rcla (i) of the ith station is
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the positioning precision refers to the maximum rotation angle error of different cutter positions rotating to the positions participating in cutting, and the repeated positioning precision refers to the maximum rotation angle error of the same cutter position rotating to the positions participating in cutting for multiple times. The twenty-four-face prism in the detection device is used as a base plane, each cutter position of the measured cutter frame is provided with a surface of the twenty-four-face prism corresponding to the cutter position, the surface is adjusted to be parallel to the side face of the corresponding cutter position, during measurement, the autocollimator emits light rays to irradiate the metal mirror surface of the twenty-four-face prism and returns the light rays to be received by the autocollimator according to the reflection theorem, the autocollimator can read an actual deflection angle when the twenty-four-face prism rotates to a cutting position, the actual deflection angle and the error compensation of the own prism surface of the twenty-four-face prism are equal to the rotation angle error of the cutter position relative to the base plane at the moment, and the positioning precision and the repeated positioning precision of the measured cutter frame can be calculated according to the definition formula of the.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the rapid online detection device for the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of the numerical control tool rest can be installed in horizontal inclined-lathe-bed numerical control machines of different types, and rapid online detection of the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of universality can be performed rapidly, simply and conveniently under the condition that the tool rest to be detected is not detached from the machine tool and a cutter head is not detached.
The rapid online detection device for the positioning precision and the repeated positioning precision of the numerical control tool rest, provided by the invention, has a pre-positioning function, and then is combined with a meter printing method for fine adjustment, so that the adjustment is more rapid and accurate, and the adjustment time before measurement is effectively shortened. The three clamping rods are arranged and arranged at intervals of 90 degrees, so that the device can adapt to the measured tool holders with different tool bit numbers. The clamping rod in the detection device is independent from the pre-positioning base, and can adapt to the measured tool holders with different tool slot sizes by replacing clamping rods with different sizes; the pre-positioning plate can be opened with a plurality of groups of holes to adapt to different cutter slot threaded holes. The height of the autocollimator in the detection device can be quickly and conveniently adjusted through the lifting block, and the autocollimator is suitable for detected tool rests with different center heights and belongs to a detection device with universal geometric accuracy. The sleeve and the flat key with the key groove are arranged between the twenty-four-face prism body and the pressing block in the detection device, the pressing block is prevented from being screwed down and simultaneously driven to rotate with the twenty-four-face prism body with the adjusted position, and the use convenience is better guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the detecting device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the inspection table according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the magnetic base according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the detection frame and the cutter head according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an explosive structure of the detection frame according to the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a stacking structure of three prepositioned panels according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a combined structure of the pre-positioning plate and the pre-positioning base according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the sleeve and the prism mounting shaft according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the cross sliding table of the present invention.
The labels in the above figures are as follows:
1. the device comprises a detection table 2, a detection frame 3, a numerical control machine tool 4, a detected tool rest 5, a cutter head 6, an autocollimator 7, a twenty-four prism 8, a magnetic base 9, a fixed frame 10, a lifting screw rod 11, a lifting block 12, a driving hand wheel 13, a magnetic switch 14, a pre-positioning base 15, a cross sliding table 16, a prism mounting shaft 17, a sliding block 18, a pre-positioning plate 19, a pre-positioning groove 20, a pre-positioning hole 21, a positioning pin 22, a fixing hole 23, a clamping rod 24, a bottom plate 25, a horizontal moving plate 27, a vertical screw rod 28, a first adjusting wheel 29, a horizontal screw rod 30, a second adjusting wheel 31, a metal mirror surface 32, a pressing block 33, a flat key 34.
Detailed Description
Please refer to fig. 1 to 9:
the invention provides a detection device for the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of a numerical control tool rest, which comprises a detection table 1 and a detection frame 2, wherein the detection table 1 is assembled on a machine body of a numerical control machine tool 3, the detection frame 2 is assembled on a cutter head 5 of a tool rest 4 to be detected, an autocollimator 6 is assembled on the detection table 1, a twenty-four-sided prism 7 is assembled on the detection frame 2, and the autocollimator 6 corresponds to the twenty-four-sided prism 7.
The lathe bed of digit control machine tool 3 is the inclined plane, and the angle of inclination of inclined plane is 30 or 45 or 60.
The detection table 1 is composed of a magnetic base 8, a fixing frame 9, a lifting screw rod 10 and an autocollimator 6, wherein the magnetic base 8 is assembled on a machine body of a numerical control machine tool 3, the fixing frame 9 is arranged on the magnetic base 8, the lifting screw rod 10 is pivoted on a base of the fixing frame 9, the autocollimator 6 is screwed on the lifting screw rod 10 through a lifting block 11, a driving hand wheel 12 is assembled at the top end of the lifting screw rod 10, and the lifting block 11 can drive the autocollimator 6 to move up and down along the lifting screw rod 10 by shaking the driving hand wheel 12.
The autocollimator 6 is model number STD-3032.
A magnetic switch 13 is arranged on the side surface of the magnetic base 8, and the magnetic switch 13 controls the magnetic property of the magnetic base 8.
The detection frame 2 comprises a twenty-four-face prism 7, a prepositioning base 14 and a cross sliding table 15, wherein the twenty-four-face prism 7 is fixed on a sliding block 17 on the cross sliding table 15 through a prism mounting shaft 16, the cross sliding table 15 is fixed on the prepositioning base 14, the rear part of the prepositioning base 14 is provided with three prepositioning plates 18, each prepositioning plate 18 is provided with a prepositioning groove 19, the three prepositioning plates 18 are superposed to form a hexagonal prepositioning hole 20 at the position of the prepositioning groove 19, a positioning pin 21 at the rear part of the prepositioning base 14 is inserted into the prepositioning hole 20, the position of the prepositioning hole 20 corresponds to the central position of the cutter head 5, the end part of each prepositioning plate 18 is provided with a plurality of rows of fixing holes 22, each prepositioning plate 18 is connected in a cutter groove of the cutter head 5 through the fixing holes 22, the clamping rod 23 is inserted in the cutter groove of the cutter head 5.
The cross sliding table 15 is composed of a bottom plate 24, a horizontal moving plate 25 and a sliding block 17, wherein the bottom plate 24 is fixedly connected to the prepositioning base 14, a vertical screw 27 is pivoted on the bottom plate 24, the horizontal moving plate 25 is in threaded connection with the vertical screw 27, a first adjusting wheel 28 is arranged at the top end of the vertical screw 27, the horizontal moving plate 25 can be driven to move up and down along the vertical screw 27 through rotation of the first adjusting wheel 28, a horizontal screw 29 is pivoted on the horizontal moving plate 25, the sliding block 17 is in threaded connection with the horizontal screw 29, a second adjusting wheel 30 is arranged at one end of the horizontal screw 29, and the sliding block 17 can be driven to move left and right along the horizontal screw 29 through rotation of the second adjusting.
The periphery of twenty-four sides arris body 7 is provided with twenty-four metal mirror surfaces 31, every metal mirror surface 31 can carry out the specular reflection to the light that the autocollimator 6 of assembly sent on detecting platform 1, the centre of twenty-four sides arris body 7 is equipped with a centre bore, pass arris body installation axle 16 with the centre bore of twenty-four sides arris body 7 during the installation and lean on the shaft shoulder of arris body installation axle 16, arris body installation axle 16 is a step axle, the front end of arris body installation axle 16 is provided with the screw thread, the position spiro union of screw thread department has compact heap 32, be provided with parallel key 33 on the arris body installation axle 16, the front portion of arris body installation axle 16 still overlaps and is equipped with sleeve 34, sleeve 34 has seted up keyway 35 corresponding parallel key 33's position department, the rear end of arris body installation axle 16 is fixed on the slider 17 of cross sliding platform 15, the axiality of twenty-four sides arris body 7 and blade disc 5.
The invention provides a method for detecting the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of a numerical control tool rest, which comprises the following steps:
step one, mounting three pre-positioning plates 18 on a cutter head 5 of a measured cutter frame 4;
step two, mounting the three clamping rods 23 on the pre-positioning base 14, adjusting the position of the pre-positioning base 14, placing the positioning pin 21 at the rear part of the pre-positioning base 14 in a pre-positioning hole 20 formed by superposing the three pre-positioning plates 18, and then mounting the clamping rods 23 on the cutter head 5 in an actual cutter clamping manner;
step three, installing the cross sliding table 15, the prism installation shaft 16, the twenty-four prisms 7, the sleeve 34 and the pressing block 32;
step four, manually rotating the twenty-four prisms 7 to enable the base surfaces of the twenty-four prisms 7 to correspond to the corresponding tool bit numbers, and screwing the pressing blocks 32;
step five, mounting the detection table 1, and enabling the autocollimator 6 on the detection table 1 to be opposite to the base surface of the twenty-four-sided prism 7;
sixthly, adjusting the horizontal position of the measured tool rest 4 by adjusting the numerical value of the Z axis of the numerical control machine 3, and adjusting the height of the autocollimator 6 by adjusting the lifting block 11 to ensure that the base surface of the twenty-four prisms 7 is opposite to the autocollimator 6;
seventhly, detecting the radial circular runout of the prism mounting shaft 16 by a meter reading method, changing the position of a sliding block 17 on the cross sliding table 15 by matching and adjusting a first adjusting wheel 28 and a second adjusting wheel 30 on the cross sliding table 15, driving the twenty-four prisms 7 to change the position and further finely adjusting the coaxiality, and enabling the radial circular runout of the prism mounting shaft 16 to be smaller than 15 microns;
step eight, utilizing a fine adjustment device of the autocollimator 6 to adjust the left-right swing angle and the pitch angle of the autocollimator, so that after the autocollimator 6 and the twenty-four prisms 7 are correspondingly focused, the positioning accuracy and repeated positioning accuracy detection is started;
step nine, rotating the measured tool rest 4 by taking a station as a starting position, changing the tool bit by bit, recording the reading of each station, and rotating each test five groups forward and backward;
step ten, recording data and calculating the positioning precision and the repeated positioning precision of the measured tool rest 4 by using the following calculation formula:
(1) and a positioning precision evaluation method:
xc (i, j) represents the j test value of the ith station in angular seconds, wherein j is 1,2, 5 represents a forward rotation test, j is 6,7, 10 represents a reverse rotation test, clockwise is defined as forward rotation, and anticlockwise is defined as reverse rotation, and the positioning precision of the j test is in angular seconds, and the positioning precision is as follows:
cla9j)cla(j)＝max(xc(i，j))-min(xc(i，j))，i＝1，2，...，imax
the positioning accuracy of the measured tool rest is expressed by C L A, and the unit is angular second
CLA＝max(cla(i))，i＝1，2，...，imax
(2) And the repeated positioning precision evaluation method comprises the following steps:
c c (i, j) represents the j test value of the ith station in angular seconds, wherein j is 1,2, 5 represents the forward rotation test, j is 6,7, 10 represents the reverse rotation test, and the repeated positioning precision rcls (i) of the ith station is as follows
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the positioning precision refers to the maximum rotation angle error of different cutter positions rotating to the positions participating in cutting, and the repeated positioning precision refers to the maximum rotation angle error of the same cutter position rotating to the positions participating in cutting for multiple times. The twenty-four-face prism 7 in the detection device is used as a base surface, each cutter position of the measured cutter rest 4 is provided with a surface of the twenty-four-face prism 7 corresponding to the cutter position, the surface is adjusted to be parallel to the side surface of the corresponding cutter position, during measurement, the autocollimator 6 emits light rays to irradiate the metal mirror surface 31 of the twenty-four-face prism 7 and return to be received by the autocollimator 6 according to the reflection theorem, the autocollimator 6 can read an actual deflection angle when the twenty-four-face prism 7 rotates to a cutting position, the actual deflection angle and error compensation of the edge surface of the twenty-four-face prism 7 are equal to a rotation angle error of the cutter position relative to the base surface at the moment, and the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy can be calculated according to a definition formula of the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a detection apparatus for numerical control knife rest positioning accuracy and repeated positioning accuracy which characterized in that: the detection device comprises a detection table and a detection frame, wherein the detection table is assembled on a bed body of a numerical control machine tool, the detection frame is assembled on a cutter head of a detected cutter frame, an autocollimator is assembled on the detection table, a twenty-four-sided prism is assembled on the detection frame, and the autocollimator corresponds to the twenty-four-sided prism.
2. The device for detecting the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of the numerical control tool rest according to claim 1, wherein: the lathe bed of digit control machine tool be the inclined plane, the angle of inclination of inclined plane is 30 or 45 or 60.
3. The device for detecting the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of the numerical control tool rest according to claim 1, wherein: the detection platform comprises a magnetic base, a fixing frame, a lifting screw rod and an autocollimator, wherein the magnetic base is assembled on a bed body of the numerical control machine tool, the fixing frame is arranged on the magnetic base, the lifting screw rod is pivoted on a base of the fixing frame, the autocollimator is in threaded connection with the lifting screw rod through a lifting block, a driving hand wheel is assembled at the top end of the lifting screw rod, and the lifting block can drive the autocollimator to move up and down along the lifting screw rod by shaking the driving hand wheel.
4. A device for detecting the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of a numerically controlled tool rest according to claim 1 or 3, wherein: the autocollimator is STD-3032.
5. The device for detecting the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of the numerical control tool rest according to claim 3, wherein: and a magnetic switch is assembled on the side surface of the magnetic base, and the magnetic switch is used for controlling the magnetic property of the magnetic base.
6. The device for detecting the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of the numerical control tool rest according to claim 1, wherein: the detection frame including twenty four sides arriss, prepositioning base and cross slip table, wherein twenty four sides arriss pass through the arris body installation axle and fix on the slider on the cross slip table, the cross slip table is fixed on the prepositioning base, the rear portion of prepositioning base is provided with three prepositioning boards, all seted up the prepositioning groove on every prepositioning board, three prepositioning boards superpose the back and are formed with the prepositioning hole of hexagonal in prepositioning groove department, the locating pin at prepositioning base rear portion is inserted and is established in the prepositioning hole, the central point of the position correspondence blade disc of prepositioning hole puts, the tip of every prepositioning board all is provided with several rows of fixed orings, every prepositioning board passes through the fixed orifices and connects in the sword groove of blade disc, the rear portion of prepositioning base has still.
7. The device for detecting the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of the numerical control tool rest according to claim 6, wherein: the cross slip table constitute by bottom plate, horizontal migration board and slider, wherein the bottom plate links firmly on the prepositioning base, the pin joint has vertical screw on the bottom plate, horizontal migration board spiro union is on vertical screw, the top of vertical screw is provided with first regulating wheel, can order about horizontal migration board through the rotation of first regulating wheel and reciprocate along vertical screw, the pin joint has horizontal screw on the horizontal migration board, the slider spiro union is on horizontal screw, horizontal screw's one end is provided with the second regulating wheel, can order about the slider through the rotation of second regulating wheel and remove about horizontal screw is followed.
8. The device for detecting the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of the numerical control tool rest according to claim 1 or 7, wherein: the border of twenty-four sides arris body be provided with twenty-four metallic mirror faces, every metallic mirror face can carry out the specular reflection to the light that the autocollimator who examines the test table and go up the assembly sent, the centre of twenty-four sides arris body is equipped with a centre bore, pass the centre bore of twenty-four sides arris body during installation arris body installation axle and lean on the shaft shoulder of arris body installation axle, arris body installation axle is a step axle, the front end of arris body installation axle is provided with the screw thread, threaded position department spiro union has the compact heap, the epaxial parallel key that is provided with of arris body installation, the anterior sleeve that still overlaps of arris body installation axle, the keyway has been seted up to the position department that the sleeve corresponds the parallel key, the rear end of arris body installation axle is fixed on the slider of cross slip table, the axiality of twenty-four sides arri.
9. A method for detecting the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of a numerical control tool rest is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, mounting three pre-positioning plates on a cutter head of a measured cutter frame;
step two, mounting the three clamping rods on a pre-positioning base, adjusting the position of the pre-positioning base, placing a positioning pin at the rear part of the pre-positioning base in a pre-positioning hole formed by superposing the three pre-positioning plates, and then mounting the clamping rods on a cutter head in an actual cutter clamping manner;
step three, mounting a cross sliding table, a prism mounting shaft, a twenty-four-sided prism, a sleeve and a pressing block;
step four, manually rotating the twenty-four prisms to enable the base planes of the twenty-four prisms to correspond to the corresponding tool bit numbers, and screwing the pressing blocks;
mounting a detection table, and enabling an autocollimator on the detection table to face the base plane of the twenty-four-sided prism;
adjusting the horizontal position of the measured tool rest by adjusting the numerical value of the Z axis of the numerical control machine tool, and adjusting the height of the autocollimator by adjusting the lifting block to ensure that the base surface of the twenty-four prisms is opposite to the autocollimator;
seventhly, detecting the radial circular runout of the prism mounting shaft by a meter printing method, changing the position of a sliding block on the cross sliding table by matching and adjusting a first adjusting wheel and a second adjusting wheel on the cross sliding table, driving the twenty-four prisms to change the positions and further finely adjusting the coaxiality, and enabling the radial circular runout of the prism mounting shaft to be smaller than 15 microns;
step eight, utilizing a fine adjustment device of the autocollimator to adjust the left-right swing angle and the pitch angle of the autocollimator, so that after the autocollimator and the corresponding surfaces of the twenty-four prisms are in focus, the positioning accuracy and repeated positioning accuracy detection is started;
rotating the measured tool rest by taking a station as a starting position, changing the tool bit by bit, recording the reading of each station, and rotating each test five groups forward and backward;
step ten, recording data and calculating the positioning accuracy and the repeated positioning accuracy of the measured tool rest by using the following calculation formula:
(1) and a positioning precision evaluation method:
xc (i, j) represents the j test value of the ith station in angular seconds, wherein j is 1,2, 5 represents a forward rotation test, j is 6,7, 10 represents a reverse rotation test, clockwise is defined as forward rotation, and anticlockwise is defined as reverse rotation, and the positioning precision of the j test is in angular seconds, and the positioning precision is as follows:
cla(j)cla(j)＝max(xc(i，j)-min(xc(i，j))，i＝1，2，...，imax
the positioning accuracy of the measured tool rest is represented by CLA, the unit is angular second, and the value is
CLA＝max(cla(i))，i＝1，2，...，imax
(2) And the repeated positioning precision evaluation method comprises the following steps:
cc (i, j) represents the j test value of the ith station in angular seconds, wherein j is 1,2, 5 represents the forward rotation test, j is 6,7, 10 represents the reverse rotation test, and the repeated positioning precision rcla (i) of the ith station is
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