CN110855138B - Dead zone compensation method for three-level converter - Google Patents

Dead zone compensation method for three-level converter Download PDF

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CN110855138B
CN110855138B CN201911025004.4A CN201911025004A CN110855138B CN 110855138 B CN110855138 B CN 110855138B CN 201911025004 A CN201911025004 A CN 201911025004A CN 110855138 B CN110855138 B CN 110855138B
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duty ratio
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compensation
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CN110855138A (en
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沈敏泉
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Xi'an E Btla Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/38—Means for preventing simultaneous conduction of switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0025—Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/38—Means for preventing simultaneous conduction of switches
    • H02M1/385—Means for preventing simultaneous conduction of switches with means for correcting output voltage deviations introduced by the dead time

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of converters, and discloses a dead zone compensation method for a three-level converter, which comprises the following steps: measuring three-phase inductive current of the three-level converter, filtering current veins of the three-phase inductive current to obtain three-phase alternating current, and judging the direction of the three-phase inductive current according to the three-phase alternating current value; judging the sign of the compensation quantity according to the direction of the inductive current; recording the sign of the current duty ratio of the three-level converter, correcting the current duty ratio through the compensation amount to obtain the corrected duty ratio, limiting the amplitude of the corrected duty ratio to be less than zero if the sign of the duty ratio before correction is negative, and limiting the amplitude of the corrected duty ratio to be more than zero if the sign of the duty ratio before correction is positive to complete dead zone compensation. By carrying out amplitude limiting processing on the duty ratio after compensation quantity correction, the problem that the polarity of the output duty ratio of the three-level circuit is changed after dead zone compensation can be solved, and the T-type three-level circuit and the I-type three-level circuit can be used.

Description

Dead zone compensation method for three-level converter
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of converters, and relates to a dead zone compensation method for a three-level converter.
Background
Because a certain delay exists in the action of the power switching devices in the three-level circuit, in order to prevent the main pipe and the auxiliary pipe from being simultaneously switched on, when a PWM driving signal is generated, the rising edge delay needs to be carried out on each switching device, so that a dead zone occurs, the insertion of the dead zone time causes the nonlinear error of phase voltage, and the low-order harmonic of network side current is increased.
The current dead zone compensation method is mostly realized in a two-level circuit, and because the duty ratio of the two-level circuit changes around 0.5 during operation, the compensation amount can be increased or decreased on the duty ratio by directly passing through the polarity of the phase current. The duty ratio of the three-level circuit changes in the range of-1 to 0 to 1 during work, so that if the compensation quantity is directly used, the output voltage polarity is wrong when the duty ratio is close to 0.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that when dead-zone compensation is carried out on a three-level circuit by directly using compensation quantity in the prior art, the polarity of output voltage is wrong when the duty ratio is close to 0, and provides a dead-zone compensation method for a three-level converter.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a dead-zone compensation method for a three-level converter comprises the following steps:
s1: measuring three-phase inductive current of the three-level converter, and filtering current ripples of the three-phase inductive current to obtain three-phase alternating current;
s2: judging the current direction of the three-phase inductor according to the three-phase alternating current value;
s3: judging the sign of the compensation quantity according to the direction of the inductive current;
s4: recording the sign of the current duty ratio of the three-level converter, and correcting the current duty ratio through the compensation quantity to obtain the corrected duty ratio so as to complete dead zone compensation;
when the symbol of the current duty ratio is positive, the value range of the compensation quantity is as follows: -alpha < beta < alphamax- α; when the sign of the current duty ratio is negative, the value range of the compensation quantity is as follows: alpha is alphamin- α < β < - α; wherein alpha is the current duty ratio, beta is the compensation quantity, alphamaxIs the current maximum value of the duty cycle, alphaminCurrent duty cycle minimum.
The invention further improves the following steps:
the specific method for measuring the three-phase inductive current of the three-level converter in the step S1 is as follows:
the three-phase inductive current is converted into corresponding three-phase inductive voltage through the Hall sensor, the three-phase inductive voltage is adjusted to 0-3V through the arithmetic circuit, the lifting circuit and the amplitude limiting circuit and is input into the DSP controller, and the three-phase inductive current is obtained through the DSP controller.
The specific method for filtering the current ripple of the three-phase inductor current in the step S1 to obtain the three-phase alternating current comprises the following steps:
and the three-phase inductive current is subjected to rotation coordinate transformation to obtain two-phase direct current, the two-phase direct current is filtered to remove current ripples, and then the three-phase alternating current is obtained through reverse rotation coordinate transformation.
The specific method for judging the current direction of the three-phase inductor through the three-phase alternating current value comprises the following steps:
when the three-phase alternating current value is greater than 0, the three-phase inductive current direction is positive; when the three-phase alternating current value is less than 0, the three-phase inductive current direction is negative; wherein, the positive direction represents that three-phase inductive current flows out of the alternating current side of the three-level converter.
The specific method for judging the sign of the compensation quantity through the three-phase induction current direction comprises the following steps:
when the direction of the three-phase induction current is positive, the sign of the compensation quantity is positive; when the direction of the three-phase inductive current is negative, the sign of the compensation quantity is negative; wherein, the positive direction represents that three-phase inductive current flows out of the alternating current side of the three-level converter.
The specific method of S4 is as follows:
recording the sign of the current duty ratio of the three-level converter, adding the current duty ratio and the compensation quantity to obtain the corrected duty ratio, and completing dead zone compensation;
when the symbol of the current duty ratio is positive, the value range of the compensation quantity is as follows: -alpha < beta < alphamax- α; when the sign of the current duty ratio is positive, the value range of the compensation quantity is as follows: alpha is alphamin- α < β < - α; wherein alpha is the current duty ratio, beta is the compensation quantity, alphamaxIs the current maximum value of the duty cycle, alphaminCurrent duty cycle minimum.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the three-phase current of the three-level converter is measured, then current ripples are filtered to obtain three-phase alternating current, the direction of the three-phase current of the three-phase inductor is judged according to the three-phase alternating current value, ripples exist in inductive current sampling, the current direction can be judged more accurately after the ripples are filtered, particularly, when the current crosses zero, if the ripples are not filtered, the direction of the three-phase current of the three-phase inductor can be judged incorrectly, and the correctness of the direction of the three-phase current of the three-phase inductor is further ensured; judging the positive and negative signs of the required compensation quantity by using the obtained three-phase induction current direction; the sign and the size of the current duty ratio of the three-level converter are further utilized to restrict the size of the required compensation quantity; and then compensating the current duty ratio through the compensation amount to obtain the corrected duty ratio, thereby completing the dead-zone compensation. The amplitude limiting processing is carried out on the compensation quantity through the sign and the size of the current duty ratio, the problem that the polarity of the output voltage of the three-level circuit is changed after dead zone compensation is effectively solved, and the T-type three-level circuit and the I-type three-level circuit can be used.
Further, the three-phase inductive current is subjected to rotation coordinate transformation to obtain two-phase direct current, the two-phase direct current is filtered to remove current ripples, and then three-phase alternating current is obtained through reverse rotation coordinate transformation; because the power grid current is an alternating current signal, if filtering processing is directly added, phase lag can be caused, the alternating current is converted into direct current through coordinate conversion, the direct current is filtered and then is inversely converted into the alternating current, and the phase lag caused by direct filtering can be avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the dead zone effect of the output voltage according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the dead-time compensation method for the three-level converter of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1: measuring three-phase inductive current of the three-level converter, and filtering current ripples of the three-phase inductive current to obtain three-phase alternating current; the specific method comprises the following steps: the three-phase inductive current is converted into corresponding three-phase inductive voltage through the Hall sensor, the three-phase inductive voltage is adjusted to 0-3V through the arithmetic circuit, the lifting circuit and the amplitude limiting circuit and is input into the DSP controller, and the three-phase inductive current is obtained through the DSP controller. And the three-phase inductive current is subjected to rotation coordinate transformation to obtain two-phase direct current, the two-phase direct current is filtered to remove current ripples, and then the three-phase alternating current is obtained through reverse rotation coordinate transformation.
S2: judging the current direction of the three-phase inductor according to the three-phase alternating current value; when the three-phase alternating current value is greater than 0, the three-phase inductive current direction is positive; when the three-phase alternating current value is less than 0, the three-phase inductive current direction is negative; wherein, the positive direction represents that three-phase inductive current flows out of the alternating current side of the three-level converter.
S3: judging the sign of the compensation quantity according to the direction of the inductive current; when the direction of the three-phase induction current is positive, the sign of the compensation quantity is positive; when the direction of the three-phase inductive current is negative, the sign of the compensation quantity is negative.
S4: calculating the current duty ratio of the three-level converter according to the voltage of the power grid and the active and reactive instruction values; recording the sign of the current duty ratio of the three-level converter, adding the current duty ratio and the compensation quantity to obtain the corrected duty ratio, and completing dead zone compensation; when the symbol of the current duty ratio is positive, the value range of the compensation quantity is as follows: -alpha < beta < alphamax- α; whenThe sign of the front duty ratio is positive, and the value range of the compensation quantity is as follows: alpha is alphamin- α < β < - α; wherein alpha is the current duty ratio, beta is the compensation quantity, alphamaxIs the current maximum value of the duty cycle, alphaminCurrent duty cycle minimum.
The following presents a detailed description of the principles of the invention in order to provide a clear understanding of the method of the invention.
The principle of dead zone compensation is to detect the polarity of current and judge the sign of compensation quantity to correct the duty ratio, thereby eliminating the hardware dead zone. The ripple waves are contained in the inductive current sampling, so that the judgment of the sign of the current can be influenced when the current is small, and the inductive current direction cannot be judged by directly using the inductive current sampling value. The method for judging the direction of the inductive current comprises the steps of firstly detecting the three-phase inductive current, carrying out rotation transformation on the three-phase inductive current to obtain direct current under a rotating coordinate system, and carrying out filtering processing on the direct current to filter out high-order ripples. And the filtered inductive current is subjected to reverse rotation conversion to obtain three-phase inductive current, and the inductive current does not contain ripples any more at the moment, so that the three-phase inductive current can be reliably used for judging the current direction.
Referring to FIG. 2, when phase current iaWhen the current value is more than 0, the actual conduction time of Q1 in one period is T in consideration of dead zone and switching delay of a switching tubeon＝DTs+toff-td-tonThe on-time of Q1 is changed by τ ═ DTs-Ton＝td+ton-toff. Current of current iaWhen the current value is less than 0, the actual conduction time of Q1 is T in one period by considering dead zone and switching delay of a switching tubeon＝DTs+td+ton-toffThe on-time of Q1 is changed by τ ═ DTs-Ton＝toff-td-ton(ii) a Wherein, TonIs the actual on-time of the switch tube, D is the duty ratio, toffFor the turn-off delay time of the switching tube, tonFor the turn-on delay time of the switching tube, tdFor dead time, TsIs the switching cycle time.
According to voltage-time areaEquivalent principle, average voltage error V caused by the above factors in one PWM cycleerror(difference between ideal output voltage and actual output voltage) is:
Figure GDA0002331829560000061
Figure GDA0002331829560000062
for a three-level circuit, after the duty ratio is corrected by using the compensation quantity, the sign of the duty ratio before correction needs to be judged, if the sign of the duty ratio before correction is positive, the amplitude limit of the duty ratio after correction needs to be larger than zero, so that the condition that the polarity of the duty ratio is changed into negative due to dead zone compensation is avoided; if the sign of the duty cycle before correction is negative, the duty cycle after correction needs to be clipped to be less than zero to avoid that the polarity of the duty cycle is modified to be positive due to dead-zone compensation.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. A dead-time compensation method for a three-level converter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: the method for measuring the three-phase inductive current of the three-level converter comprises the following steps: converting the three-phase inductive current into corresponding three-phase inductive voltage through a Hall sensor, adjusting the three-phase inductive voltage to 0-3V through an arithmetic circuit, a lifting circuit and an amplitude limiting circuit, inputting the three-phase inductive voltage into a DSP controller, and obtaining the three-phase inductive current through the DSP controller; filtering current ripples of the three-phase inductive current to obtain three-phase alternating current; the specific method comprises the following steps: converting the three-phase inductive current through a rotating coordinate to obtain two-phase direct current, filtering the two-phase direct current to remove current ripples, and converting the two-phase direct current through a reverse rotating coordinate to obtain three-phase alternating current;
s2: judging the current direction of the three-phase inductor according to the three-phase alternating current value;
s3: judging the sign of the compensation quantity according to the direction of the inductive current; the specific method comprises the following steps: when the direction of the three-phase induction current is positive, the sign of the compensation quantity is positive; when the direction of the three-phase inductive current is negative, the sign of the compensation quantity is negative; wherein, the positive direction represents that three-phase inductive current flows out of the alternating current side of the three-level converter;
s4: recording the sign of the current duty ratio of the three-level converter, adding the current duty ratio and the compensation quantity to obtain the corrected duty ratio, and completing dead zone compensation;
when the symbol of the current duty ratio is positive, the value range of the compensation quantity is as follows: -alpha < beta < alphamax- α; when the sign of the current duty ratio is negative, the value range of the compensation quantity is as follows: alpha is alphamin- α < β < - α; wherein alpha is the current duty ratio, beta is the compensation quantity, alphamaxIs the current maximum value of the duty cycle, alphaminCurrent duty cycle minimum.
2. The dead-zone compensation method of the three-level converter according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for judging the three-phase inductive current direction through the three-phase alternating current value is as follows:
when the three-phase alternating current value is greater than 0, the three-phase inductive current direction is positive; when the three-phase alternating current value is less than 0, the three-phase inductive current direction is negative; wherein, the positive direction represents that three-phase inductive current flows out of the alternating current side of the three-level converter.
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CN105827136A (en) * 2015-01-21 2016-08-03 福特全球技术公司 Power converter with selective dead-time insertion
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