CN110854538A

CN110854538A - Microwave metamaterial

Info

Publication number: CN110854538A
Application number: CN201910998247.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赖耘; 褚宏晨
Original assignee: Nanjing Xingyin Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Xingyin Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-21
Filing date: 2019-10-21
Publication date: 2020-02-28
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-21
Also published as: CN110854538B

Abstract

The application relates to a microwave metamaterial, which comprises a substrate, wherein the substrate comprises a plurality of first wave-transmitting areas and a plurality of second wave-transmitting areas, the first wave-transmitting areas and the second wave-transmitting areas are the same and are respectively provided with a microwave incidence part and a microwave emergence part, and the microwave incidence part is provided with a microwave incidence surface; the first group of main metal patterns are arranged on the microwave incidence surfaces of the first wave-transmitting areas and comprise a plurality of main metal patterns, and each main metal pattern corresponds to one first wave-transmitting area to form a first wave-transmitting unit; the second group of main metal patterns are arranged on the microwave emergent surface of the second wave-transmitting areas and comprise a plurality of main metal patterns, and each main metal pattern corresponds to one second wave-transmitting area to form a second wave-transmitting unit; the second wave-transparent unit and the first wave-transparent unit are distributed in disorder and are symmetrical about the mirror plane parallel to the microwave incidence plane. The microwave metamaterial can achieve the independent regulation and control effect on microwave reflected waves. The application also relates to an antenna housing, an antenna device, a coating and a movable device.

Description

Microwave metamaterial

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of microwave materials, in particular to a microwave metamaterial, an antenna housing, an antenna device, a coating and a movable tool.

Background

Meta-materials refer to a class of man-made materials with special properties that are not found in nature. They possess special properties such as allowing light, electromagnetic waves to change their general properties, which cannot be achieved by conventional materials. The components of metamaterials are not particularly specific, and their extraordinary properties result from their precise geometry and size. The microstructure in the metamaterial, whose size scale is generally smaller than the wavelength at which it acts, can thus exert an influence on the wave.

The microwave metamaterial can flexibly and effectively regulate and control the characteristics of microwave such as polarization, amplitude, phase, polarization mode, propagation mode and the like. Particularly, after a gradient change transflective phase is introduced on the surface of the microwave metamaterial, the microwave metamaterial can freely control the wave front of the transflective microwave, so that microwave deflection, electromagnetic wave convergence, radar scattering cross section reduction and the like are realized.

However, the inventor finds that when the wavefront of the reflected wave of the microwave is regulated and controlled by using the conventional microwave metamaterial, the wavefront of the transmitted wave is also disturbed correspondingly, so that the wavefront information of the incident wave cannot be maintained by the transmitted wave.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, there is a need to provide an improved microwave metamaterial for solving the problem that the conventional microwave metamaterial is difficult to independently regulate the wave front of the microwave reflected wave.

A microwave metamaterial, comprising:

the substrate comprises a plurality of first wave-transmitting areas and a plurality of second wave-transmitting areas, wherein the first wave-transmitting areas and the second wave-transmitting areas are respectively provided with a microwave incidence part and a microwave emergence part;

the first group of main metal patterns are arranged at the microwave incidence parts of the plurality of first wave-transmitting areas, each main metal pattern comprises a plurality of main metal patterns, and each main metal pattern corresponds to one first wave-transmitting area to form a first wave-transmitting unit; and the number of the first and second groups,

the second group of main metal patterns are arranged at the microwave emergent parts of the plurality of second wave-transmitting areas, each main metal pattern comprises a plurality of main metal patterns, and each main metal pattern corresponds to one second wave-transmitting area to form a second wave-transmitting unit;

the second wave-transparent unit and the first wave-transparent unit are distributed in a disordered mode and are symmetrical about a mirror plane parallel to the incident plane of the microwave metamaterial.

According to the microwave metamaterial, the first wave-transmitting unit and the second wave-transmitting unit are distributed in a disordered manner, so that reflected waves interfere with each other when microwaves are incident to the microwave metamaterial, the wave fronts of the reflected waves are changed, the energy of the reflected waves is distributed in various directions of the space on the reflection side of the microwave metamaterial in a disordered manner, the wave fronts of transmitted waves are not changed, and the energy of the transmitted waves is concentrated in one direction of the space on the transmission side of the microwave metamaterial, so that the effect of independently regulating and controlling the wave fronts of the reflected waves of the microwaves is realized.

In one embodiment, the microwave incident part has a microwave incident surface, and the first group of main metal patterns is arranged on the microwave incident surface or inside the microwave incident part; the microwave emitting part is provided with a microwave emitting surface, and the second group of main metal patterns are arranged on the microwave emitting surface or inside the microwave emitting part.

In one embodiment, the main metal pattern comprises metal lines and/or metal sheets.

In one embodiment, the main metal wire is bendable.

In one embodiment, the main metal wires are connected end to end.

In one embodiment, a side of each first wave-transmitting region and a side of each second wave-transmitting region, which are far away from the main metal pattern, are provided with auxiliary metal patterns; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the main metal pattern, the first wave-transmitting area and the auxiliary metal pattern form an asymmetric structure, and the main metal pattern, the second wave-transmitting area and the auxiliary metal pattern form an asymmetric structure; and/or the main metal pattern and the auxiliary metal pattern are made of different materials.

In one embodiment, the substrate comprises an insulating dielectric sheet.

A radome comprising a microwave metamaterial as previously described.

Above-mentioned antenna house can make the echo that comes from the object of being surveyed still can keep original information after passing through this antenna house, and this antenna house still has lower radar scattering cross-section to can realize stealthy to the equipment of laying in this antenna house.

An antenna arrangement comprising a radome as described above and an antenna system provided within the radome.

The antenna device can effectively receive echo information from a detected object, and meanwhile, position information of the antenna device can not be exposed to the outside.

A coating comprising a microwave metamaterial as previously described.

The coating can be coated on the surface of the microwave detection device, so that the microwave detection device can acquire the position information of the detected object through microwaves without exposing the position information of the microwave detection device.

In one embodiment, the thickness of the microwave metamaterial along the normal direction of the incidence surface is less than or equal to fifteen times of the wavelength of the incident microwave.

A movable tool comprising a body and a coating as described above overlying a surface of the body.

The movable tool has a lower microwave scattering cross section, so that detection by microwave detection devices such as radars and the like can be prevented on land or in the air, and a better stealth effect is realized.

Drawings

FIGS. 1(a) - (c) are schematic transmission and reflection diagrams of a uniform layered structure, a gradient electromagnetic super-surface, and an independently regulated reflected wave front microwave metamaterial, respectively;

fig. 2(a) - (c) are a front view, a top view and a side view of a first wave-transparent unit 11 according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a front view of a second wave-transparent unit 12 according to the embodiment of fig. 2;

fig. 4(a) - (c) are a front view, a top view and a bottom view of a first wave-transparent unit 21 according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a front view of a second wave-transparent unit 22 according to the embodiment of fig. 4;

fig. 6(a) - (d) are respectively a microwave transmission phase curve, a reflection phase curve, a transmittance curve and a reflectance curve when the microwave is incident on the first wave-transparent unit 21 and the second wave-transparent unit 22 of the embodiment shown in fig. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a disordered arrangement of the embodiment of FIG. 4;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a uniform material composed of only the first wave-transparent unit 21;

FIG. 9 is a far field radiation pattern of microwaves at normal incidence to the homogeneous material of FIG. 8;

fig. 10 is a far field radiation pattern when microwaves are incident on the embodiment of fig. 7 at normal incidence.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. As used herein, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "circumferential," and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings for ease of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the present invention.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

In the conventional technology, the microwave can be regulated and controlled by the following structures:

(1) homogeneous layer structure

When the microwaves are incident on the uniform layered structure, the microwaves will be reflected at a plurality of interfaces of the structure, as shown in fig. 1 (a). The microwaves reflected at the plurality of interfaces interfere with each other to cause interference increase or interference cancellation, and as a result, the transmission/reflection ratio of the microwaves fluctuates with frequency. The frequency range of the transflective peak-valley can be adjusted by changing the refractive index or/and the thickness of the layered structure. For example, the traditional quarter-wave uniform medium antireflection film realizes the antireflection effect by the destructive interference of reflected waves;

(2) frequency Selective Surface (FSS) is a two-dimensional periodic array structure, and has the function of selecting electromagnetic waves with specific frequencies. The FSS and the electromagnetic wave interact to show obvious band-pass or band-stop filter characteristics. Since the lattice constant of the periodically arranged structural units in the FSS is sub-wavelength, the surface is uniform for the electromagnetic wave, and can also be regarded as a uniform layered structure, so that, with continuing reference to fig. 1(a), the FSS has frequency selectivity only for transmission and reflection of the incident electromagnetic wave, and the transflective direction of the electromagnetic wave still satisfies the traditional snell's law;

(3) gradient electromagnetic super surface

As shown in fig. 1(b), the wavefront of the transflective microwave can be effectively cut by the gradient electromagnetic super-surface, so that the wavefront of the transflective microwave can be effectively controlled, and microwave deflection, microwave convergence and the like can be realized.

However, the structures (1) and (2) do not have the function of regulating and controlling the wavefront of the transflective microwave, and when the structure (3) applies a phase gradient to the transmitted wave or the reflected wave, the corresponding wavefront of the reflected wave or the transmitted wave is disturbed accordingly, i.e., it is difficult to independently regulate and control the wavefront of the transflective microwave.

The defects existing in the above solutions are the results obtained after the inventor has practiced and studied carefully, so the discovery process of the above problems and the solutions proposed by the following embodiments of the present application for the above problems should be the contribution of the inventor to the present application in the process of the present application.

Referring to fig. 1(c), the present application provides a microwave metamaterial capable of independently controlling the wave front of reflected microwaves without disturbing the wave front of transmitted microwaves. When the microwave is incident to the microwave metamaterial, the wave front of the reflected microwave on the reflection side can be changed to form diffuse reflection, and the transmitted microwave can still keep the wave front information of the incident microwave, namely the wave front of the transmitted microwave cannot be influenced by the microwave metamaterial.

Referring to fig. 2(a) - (c) and fig. 3, an embodiment of the present application provides a microwave metamaterial, which includes a substrate, a first set of main metal patterns 112 and a second set of main metal patterns 122 disposed on a surface of the substrate.

The substrate includes a plurality of first wave-transmitting regions 111 and a plurality of second wave-transmitting regions 121, wherein each of the first wave-transmitting regions 111 and each of the second wave-transmitting regions 121 has a microwave incident portion and a microwave exit portion. The plurality of first wave-transparent regions 111 and the plurality of second wave-transparent regions 121 may be combined to form the substrate or to form a part of the substrate.

Specifically, the microwave incident portions of the first wave-transmitting region 111 and the second wave-transmitting region 121 each have a microwave incident surface. For example, when the first wave-transmitting region 111 and the second wave-transmitting region 121 are square bodies, the microwave incident surface may be one side surface on the first wave-transmitting region 111 and the second wave-transmitting region 121; when the first transmission unit 111 and the second transmission unit 121 are spheres, the microwave incident plane may be a tangent plane of the incident portion of the microwave in the first wave-transparent region 111 and the second wave-transparent region 121; when the first wave-transparent region 111 and the second wave-transparent region 121 are shaped bodies, the microwave incident surface may be a tangent plane to the incident portion of the microwaves of the first wave-transparent region 111 and the second wave-transparent region 121. Correspondingly, the microwave emitting portions of the first wave-transmitting region 111 and the second wave-transmitting region 121 both have microwave emitting surfaces, and the forming manner of the microwave emitting surfaces is similar to that of the microwave incident surfaces, so that the description is omitted.

Further, as shown in fig. 2(a) - (c) for example, the first wave-transparent region 111 is a rectangular parallelepiped with a square upper and lower (i.e. z-direction) bottom surfaces, wherein the microwave incident surface and the microwave exit surface are parallel to each other, and the microwave exit surface is located on the-z direction side of the microwave incident surface. It is understood that the shape of the substrate may be various, for example, the substrate may have a certain curvature or the edge thereof is bent inward, and thus the microwave incident surface and the microwave exit surface of the first wave-transparent region 111 may be correspondingly curved or bent inward. Further, the material, shape, and size of the first wave-transmitting region 111 and the second wave-transmitting region 121 may be partially the same, or may be all the same.

The first group of main metal patterns are disposed at the microwave incident portions of the plurality of first wave-transparent regions 111. Specifically, the first group of main metal patterns may be disposed on a microwave incident surface of the microwave incident part. And further. The first group of main metal patterns are embedded inside the microwave incident part to prevent the first group of main metal patterns from being worn and oxidized. The first group of main metal patterns includes a plurality of main metal patterns 112, and each main metal pattern 112 corresponds to one first wave-transparent region 111 to form the first wave-transparent unit 11. As shown in fig. 2(b), the microwave incident surface is parallel to the x-y plane, and the main metal pattern 112 is disposed on the microwave incident surface. In some embodiments, the substrate may be an insulating dielectric plate, and thus the first metal pattern 112 may be formed on the microwave incident surface of the first wave-transparent region 111 by printing, thereby facilitating shape adjustment of the metal pattern. The insulating dielectric plate may be an epoxy glass fiber cloth bonding sheet, epoxy resin or an organic dielectric plate filled with a ceramic material.

As shown in fig. 3, the second group of main metal patterns are disposed at the microwave emitting portions of the plurality of second wave-transmitting regions 121. Specifically, the second group of main metal patterns may also be correspondingly disposed on the microwave emitting surface of the microwave emitting portion or embedded inside the microwave emitting portion. The second group of main metal patterns includes a plurality of main metal patterns 122, and each main metal pattern 122 corresponds to one second wave-transmitting region 121 to form a second wave-transmitting unit 12. As shown in fig. 3, the microwave exit surface is parallel to the x-y plane, and the main metal pattern 122 is disposed on the microwave exit surface. It is noted that the main metal pattern 122 and the main metal pattern 112 are substantially the same type of metal pattern, i.e., the material, shape and length of the main metal pattern 122 and the main metal pattern 112 are the same. In addition, since the first wave-transmitting region 111 and the second wave-transmitting region 121 do not overlap each other, the first wave-transmitting element 11 and the second wave-transmitting element 12 may be adjacent to each other or may have a gap therebetween.

The second wave-transparent unit 12 and the first wave-transparent unit 11 are distributed in a non-sequential manner and are symmetrical about a mirror plane parallel to the incident plane of the microwave metamaterial. Specifically, the incident surface of the microwave metamaterial is formed by arranging microwave incident surfaces of a plurality of first wave-transparent areas 111 and a plurality of second wave-transparent areas 121, and correspondingly, the exit surface of the microwave metamaterial is formed by arranging microwave exit surfaces of a plurality of first wave-transparent areas 111 and a plurality of second wave-transparent areas 121. The disordered distribution is random distribution, and the mirror symmetry means that the second wave-transparent unit 12 can be overlapped with the first wave-transparent unit 11 after being turned 180 degrees along the normal direction of the microwave incidence plane. Specifically, the size of the first wave-transparent unit 11 and the second wave-transparent unit 12 may be the same as or similar to the wavelength of the incident microwave, that is, the size may be set to be in the wavelength order or in the sub-wavelength order. Of course, when the size of the first wave-transmitting unit 11 and the second wave-transmitting unit 12 is of the sub-wavelength order, the effect of the microwave metamaterial for independently regulating and controlling the wave front of the reflected wave is better.

Since the first wave-transmitting unit 11 and the second wave-transmitting unit 12 are symmetrical with respect to a plane parallel to the microwave incidence plane, it can be inferred from the transmission matrix theory that the reflection coefficients of the first wave-transmitting unit 11 and the second wave-transmitting unit 12 are different, and the transmission coefficients are the same. Specifically, the reflection phases of the first wave-transparent unit 11 and the second wave-transparent unit 12 may be different, or the modes of the reflection coefficients of the first wave-transparent unit 11 and the second wave-transparent unit 12 and the reflection phases may be different.

The first wave-transmitting unit 11 and the second wave-transmitting unit 12 in the microwave metamaterial are distributed in a non-sequential manner, so that microwave reflected waves formed on an incident surface of the microwave metamaterial interfere with each other after the microwaves are incident on the microwave metamaterial, that is, interference is constructive or destructive, so that the energy distribution of the reflected waves is uneven, and diffuse scattering is formed, and the wave front of the reflected microwaves changes at the moment, and cannot keep the same wave front as that of the incident microwaves; the wave front of the transmitted wave is not changed, and the energy of the transmitted wave is concentrated in one direction of the space on the transmission side of the microwave metamaterial, so that the effect of independently regulating and controlling the wave front of the reflected wave of the microwave is realized.

In one embodiment, the

main metal patterns

112 and 122 include metal lines and/or metal sheets. Taking fig. 2(a) - (c) as an example, the metal pattern is set as a metal line, and electromagnetic resonance can be formed in the microwave metamaterial when the microwave is incident by adjusting the length of the metal line, so that the microwave can penetrate through the microwave metamaterial more, and further wavefront information of more incident microwaves can be obtained. It will be appreciated that the metal pattern may also be other shapes, such as metal circles, metal rings, and other regular or irregular patterns.

Further, the metal lines of the

main metal patterns

112 and 122 may be bent. Since the first and second wave-transmitting

regions

111 and 121 may be designed to have a size smaller than the resonance wavelength, the metal wire may be bent so that the main metal pattern can be disposed in the microwave incident surface of the corresponding wave-transmitting region. Further, the two ends of the metal wire can be connected end to further reduce the space occupation volume of the main metal pattern. Taking fig. 2(b) as an example, in the first wave-transparent unit 11, the ends of the metal lines of the main metal pattern 112 are connected to form a square, and each side of the square has an inward concave portion, so that the occupied space of the main metal pattern 112 can be effectively reduced. It should be noted that the bent shape of the metal wire is not limited in this embodiment.

In one embodiment, each wave-transparent region is further provided with a secondary metal pattern on the side away from the primary metal pattern. By arranging the auxiliary metal patterns, the degree of freedom for regulating the reflection phase and the transmission phase of the first wave-transmitting unit and the second wave-transmitting unit is increased, so that the effects that the reflection phase of the first wave-transmitting unit is different from that of the second wave-transmitting unit, and the transmission phase of the first wave-transmitting unit is the same (or similar) as that of the second wave-transmitting unit are favorably realized.

Specifically, fig. 4(a) - (c) respectively show a front view, a top view and a bottom view of the first wave-transparent unit 21, and fig. 4 shows a front view of the second wave-transparent unit 22. Here, the microwave incident surface of the first wave-transmitting region 211 is provided with the main metal pattern 212, and the microwave emitting surface is provided with the sub metal pattern 213, but the sub metal pattern 213 may be provided inside the microwave emitting portion of the first wave-transmitting region 211. The sub metal pattern 213 may be a metal line, and in this case, the main metal pattern 212, the first wave-transparent region 211, and the sub metal pattern 213 form an asymmetric structure, for example, the length and/or shape of the main metal pattern 212 may be different from those of the sub metal pattern 213, and for example, the main metal pattern 212 and the sub metal pattern 213 may be asymmetrically disposed on the microwave incident surface and the microwave exit surface of the first wave-transparent region 211. In another embodiment, the material of the main metal pattern and the sub metal pattern may be different. The second wave-transparent unit 22 has a main metal pattern 222, and the sub-metal pattern 223 is disposed in a manner similar to the sub-metal pattern 213 of the first wave-transparent unit 21, so that the description thereof is omitted. One or more combinations of the above manners can effectively regulate and control the reflection phase and the transmission phase of the first wave-transparent unit 21 and the second wave-transparent unit 22, so as to achieve the effect that the reflection phase is different and the transmission phase is the same (or similar) between the first wave-transparent unit 21 and the second wave-transparent unit 22.

The simulation of incidence of microwaves will be performed for the first wave-transmitting unit 21 and the second wave-transmitting unit 22. Specifically, in the first wave-transparent unit 21, the main metal pattern 212 is a metal wire connected end to form a square, each edge of the metal wire is provided with a bending recess, wherein the side length of the square is 4.5mm, the opening size of the bending recess is 0.5mm, the shortest distance between the two bending recesses on the opposite side is 2mm, the wire diameter of the metal wire is 0.5mm, the auxiliary metal pattern 213 is also a metal wire connected end to form a square, the side length of the square is 6mm, and other parameters are the same as those of the main metal pattern 212. Correspondingly, the structural parameters of the second wave-transparent unit 22 can also be obtained from the aforementioned parameters, and are not described herein again.

Fig. 6(a) - (d) show the microwave transmission phase curve, reflection phase curve, transmittance curve and reflectance curve when the microwave is incident on the first wave-transparent unit 21 and the second wave-transparent unit 22, respectively, in which the transmission and reflection of the first wave-transparent unit 21 are shown by a gray broken line and the transmission and reflection of the second wave-transparent unit 22 are shown by a gray solid line. Specifically, the ordinate of fig. 6(a) and fig. 6(b) respectively represents the angles of the transmission phase and the reflection phase, and the abscissa represents the operating frequency, it can be seen that the transmission phases of the first wave-transmitting unit 21 and the second wave-transmitting unit 22 are substantially the same under different frequencies, and the reflection phases show a large difference under different frequencies, wherein the reflection phase difference between the two reaches 180 ° under the frequency of 9.8 GHz; the ordinate and abscissa of fig. 6(c) and 6(d) respectively represent the percentage of transmittance and reflectance, and the abscissa represents the operating frequency, and it can be seen that, in the case of the operating frequency of 9.8GHz, the reflectance ratio of the second wave-transmitting element 22 to the first wave-transmitting element 21 is about 0.98, and the ratio of the modes of the corresponding reflection coefficients is about 0.99.

Referring to fig. 7, the microwave metamaterial 200 of the present embodiment provides a disordered distribution manner of the first wave-transparent unit 21 and the second wave-transparent unit 22. As shown in fig. 7, the shaded square blocks represent the first wave-transparent units 21, and the unshaded square blocks represent the second wave-transparent units 22. Far-field radiation simulation is performed on the microwave metamaterial by using simulation software CST, wherein the frequency of an incident microwave is 9.8GHz, and as can be seen from fig. 6(a) - (d), the reflection phase difference of the first wave-transmitting unit 21 and the second wave-transmitting unit 22 is close to 180 ° under the microwave of the frequency.

First, as a comparison, fig. 9 was obtained by laying a uniform structure 200' (shown in fig. 8) composed of only the first wave-transparent unit 21 flat in the x-y plane and making the microwave normally incident in the z direction. It can be seen that the microwave has a larger energy concentration area on both the transmission side (i.e. z-direction half space) and the reflection side (i.e. z-direction half space), and at this time, both the reflected microwave and the transmitted microwave can maintain the wavefront information of the incident microwave; next, the microwave metamaterial 200 is laid flat in the x-y plane, and the microwave is normally incident to the microwave metamaterial 200 along the z direction, so as to obtain fig. 10. It can be seen that the transmitted microwaves still have a relatively large energy concentration area on the transmission side, and the reflected microwaves form disordered reflections on the reflection side, wherein the maximum value of far-field energy amplitude of the reflected microwaves of the microwave metamaterial 200 on the reflection side is reduced to 8% of the uniform structure 200', which indicates that the transmitted microwaves still can maintain the wavefront information of the incident microwaves, and the reflected microwaves interfere to form diffuse reflection, so that the wavefront information is changed, and thus, the independent control of the reflected microwave wavefronts is realized.

In the microwave metamaterial, the reflection phase difference and the transmission phase difference of the first wave-transmitting unit and the second wave-transmitting unit can also meet a certain range, but do not strictly meet the condition that the transmission phase differences are the same. For example, the absolute value of the reflection phase difference may take 0.6 π to 1.4 π, and the absolute value of the transmission phase difference may take 0 to 0.5 π. Further, when the above phase condition is satisfied, the ratio of the modes of the reflection coefficient may take 0.25 to 4. Therefore, the microwave metamaterial has a broadband effect on the function of independently regulating and controlling the wave front of the reflected wave.

It should be noted that when the microwave metamaterial with different disordered distribution modes achieves the effect of independently regulating and controlling the wavefront of the reflected wave, the corresponding transmission phase difference, reflection phase difference and the modulus of the reflection coefficient are different, and a technician can adjust the disordered distribution modes of the first wave transmitting unit and the second wave transmitting unit in the microwave metamaterial according to the actually required microwave transflective coefficient condition.

The application also provides a radome comprising the microwave metamaterial as described above.

The present application further provides a further antenna device, comprising the antenna housing as described above and an antenna system disposed in the antenna housing.

A coating comprising a microwave metamaterial as hereinbefore described.

The coating can be coated on the surface of the microwave detection device, so that the microwave detection device can acquire the position information of the detected object through microwaves without exposing the position information of the microwave detection device. Wherein the microwave detection device may be a radar.

In one embodiment, the thickness of the microwave metamaterial along the normal direction of the incidence surface is less than or equal to one-fifteenth of the wavelength of the incident microwave. Therefore, the coating can be made to be very thin in the mode, the manufacturability of a coated product is improved, and the occupied space volume is reduced.

The movable tool has a lower microwave scattering cross section, so that detection by microwave detection devices such as radars and the like can be prevented on land or in the air, and a better stealth effect is realized. In particular, the movable tool may be a vehicle, an airplane, or the like.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A microwave metamaterial, comprising:

2. A microwave metamaterial according to claim 1,

the microwave incidence part is provided with a microwave incidence surface, and the first group of main metal patterns are arranged on the microwave incidence surface or inside the microwave incidence part;

the microwave emitting part is provided with a microwave emitting surface, and the second group of main metal patterns are arranged on the microwave emitting surface or inside the microwave emitting part.

3. A microwave metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the primary metal pattern includes metal lines and/or metal sheets.

4. A microwave metamaterial according to claim 3, wherein the metal wire is bendable.

5. A microwave metamaterial according to claim 4, wherein the metal wires are connected end to end.

6. A microwave metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein a side of each first wave-transparent region and each second wave-transparent region away from the primary metal pattern is provided with a secondary metal pattern; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the main metal pattern, the first wave-transmitting area and the auxiliary metal pattern form an asymmetric structure, and the main metal pattern, the second wave-transmitting area and the auxiliary metal pattern form an asymmetric structure; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the main metal pattern and the auxiliary metal pattern are made of different materials.

7. A microwave metamaterial according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the substrate includes an insulating dielectric sheet.

8. A radome comprising the microwave metamaterial according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. An antenna arrangement comprising a radome of claim 8 and an antenna system disposed within the radome.

10. A coating comprising the microwave metamaterial according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

11. The coating of claim 10, wherein the thickness of the microwave metamaterial along the normal direction of the incidence surface is less than or equal to fifteen times of the wavelength of the incident microwave.

12. A movable tool comprising a body and a coating according to claim 10 or 11 applied to a surface of the body.