CN110853479A - Experiment teaching device for automobile electronic throttle valve - Google Patents
Experiment teaching device for automobile electronic throttle valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN110853479A CN110853479A CN201911038785.0A CN201911038785A CN110853479A CN 110853479 A CN110853479 A CN 110853479A CN 201911038785 A CN201911038785 A CN 201911038785A CN 110853479 A CN110853479 A CN 110853479A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
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- Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental teaching device for an automobile electronic throttle valve, which comprises a power module, a throttle valve actuating motor driver, an electronic throttle valve body, a data acquisition board card, a computer, a human-computer interaction panel and an accelerator pedal which are sequentially connected, wherein the data acquisition board card is respectively connected with the throttle valve actuating motor driver, an accelerator pedal position sensor and a throttle valve position sensor, the power module is also respectively connected with the electronic throttle valve body, the data acquisition board card, the accelerator pedal position sensor and the throttle valve position sensor, and the throttle valve actuating motor driver is connected with a motor drive board card. Compared with the prior art, the invention can facilitate the operator to set the opening value of the target throttle valve through the human-computer interaction panel, read the data such as the opening of the throttle valve, the power supply voltage and the like in real time and observe the action condition of the throttle valve; the teaching aid is simple in structure, strong in practicability, and capable of achieving visual demonstration effect and well meeting teaching and scientific research requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of teaching aids, in particular to an experimental teaching device for an automobile electronic throttle valve.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of the automobile industry in China, more and more schools for setting up automobile major are provided. No matter the school is middle-time school, high-time school or the colleges and universities, in order to facilitate the study of students on the professional knowledge of automobiles, it is indispensable to develop a plurality of professional teaching aids for automobiles. However, most of the teaching aids and articles for vehicle engineering professional teaching on the market are teaching boards or racks formed by combining some real objects with schematic diagrams. Although the teaching aid adopts related real objects of automobile parts, the teaching aid mainly demonstrates, lacks the practical opportunity of manual debugging of students and is difficult for teachers to teach. Simultaneously domestic automobile engineering specialty teaching aid is mostly the automobile structure teaching aid, relates to the real-time simulation teaching aid of automatic control class very little, and this situation has not only caused very big obstacle to the teaching of current automobile engineering specialty, has been difficult to adapt to electrified, intelligent and the requirement that integrates of current automobile engineering subject development in addition. At present, a real-time simulation teaching aid related to an electronic throttle valve is blank at home.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide an experimental teaching device for an automobile electronic throttle valve.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an automotive electronics air throttle experiment teaching device, actuates motor driver, the electron air throttle body, data acquisition integrated circuit board, computer, human-computer interaction panel, accelerator pedal including power module, the air throttle that connects gradually, the data acquisition integrated circuit board actuates motor driver, accelerator pedal position sensor and air throttle position sensor with the air throttle respectively and is connected, power module still is connected with the electron air throttle body, data acquisition integrated circuit board, accelerator pedal position sensor and air throttle position sensor respectively, the air throttle actuates motor driver and passes through the motor drive integrated circuit board and be connected with the computer.
Preferably, the electronic throttle body comprises a throttle valve, an actuating motor, a return spring and a reduction gear set, wherein the actuating motor adjusts the opening degree of the throttle valve through the reduction gear set.
Preferably, the man-machine interaction panel is provided with a throttle opening indicator, a power indicator, an input signal knob and a signal input interface.
Preferably, the signal input interface includes: the power supply voltage interface of the first throttle position sensor, the power supply voltage interface of the second throttle position sensor, the motor voltage interface, the signal ground interface, the +5V input interface and the power ground interface.
Preferably, the throttle opening degree indication table and the power supply indication table are both voltage tables.
Preferably, the electronic throttle body further comprises a shell, the human-computer interaction panel is arranged on the front face of the shell, and a window with an opening facing the electronic throttle body is further arranged on the front face of the shell.
Preferably, a plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed in the shell.
Preferably, the back of the housing is provided with: the device comprises a pedal power input interface, a pedal input signal interface, a pedal power ground interface, a digital output interface, a digital input interface, a digital ground interface, a data acquisition card socket, a power switch and a power socket, wherein the power socket is connected with a power module.
Preferably, the computer is provided with a throttle control program based on Real-Time Windows Target technology and Matlab/Simulink/RTW software platform, and the throttle control program comprises an input information processing module, a position servo control module and a motor driving module.
Preferably, the throttle position sensor is a two-potentiometer type sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. at present, the utilization rate of teaching aids related to automobile automatic control courses is not high, and particularly the expandability of the teaching aids directly oriented to teaching is not high, the invention designs an automobile electronic throttle teaching aid, which comprises an electronic throttle body, a throttle actuation motor driver, a power supply module, a human-computer interaction panel and a shell; the throttle valve body integrates a throttle valve, an actuating motor, a reduction gear set, a reset spring, a throttle valve position sensor and the like, and the power supply module is responsible for supplying power to the sensor and a throttle valve actuating motor driver; the opening value of the target throttle can be conveniently set by an operator through the man-machine interaction panel, data such as the opening of the throttle, power supply voltage and the like can be read in real time, and the action condition of the throttle can be observed; this teaching aid simple structure, the practicality is strong, and has audio-visual demonstration effect, can satisfy teaching and scientific research demand simultaneously betterly, utilizes this teaching aid, can further realize rapid prototyping control and embedded target design.
2. The invention can realize real-time control of the electronic throttle valve by using a computer based on Matlab/Simulink/RTW control software programming and a code generation mechanism, greatly reduces the cost and simultaneously realizes good teaching effect compared with an industrial rapid prototype controller, and can guide scientific research personnel to rapidly carry out controller design and parameter matching work.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an electronic throttle body;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the simulation experiment principle of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a front panel of the housing of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a back panel of the housing of the apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an electrical schematic of the device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Examples
The application provides an automotive electronics air throttle experiment teaching device, including the power module who connects gradually, the motor drive is actuated to the air throttle, the electron air throttle body, the data acquisition integrated circuit board, a computer, the human-computer interaction panel, accelerator pedal, the motor drive is actuated with the air throttle respectively to the data acquisition integrated circuit board, accelerator pedal position sensor and air throttle position sensor are connected, power module still respectively with the electron air throttle body, the data acquisition integrated circuit board, accelerator pedal position sensor and air throttle position sensor are connected, the air throttle actuates the motor drive and passes through the motor drive integrated circuit board and be connected with the computer. The computer sets the target throttle opening through the man-machine interaction panel, the throttle position servo control is carried out according to the actual throttle opening fed back by the throttle position sensor, the duty ratio of the steering and PWM signals of the throttle actuating motor is determined, the throttle actuating motor driver controls the output torque of the throttle actuating motor according to the computer control signal, the output torque overcomes the resistance torque of the reset spring through the reduction gear set, the throttle valve is driven to rotate to the corresponding opening, and the motion state of the electronic throttle body can be fed back to an operator through the man-machine interaction panel.
As shown in fig. 1, the electronic throttle body includes a throttle flap of the valve, an actuator motor, a return spring, and a reduction gear set. The throttle valve flap has a certain thickness, so that in order to avoid the throttle valve flap from being clamped in the air inlet pipeline when in a fully closed position, the fully closed angle (the included angle between the throttle valve and the air inlet flow in the vertical direction) of the throttle valve is not 0 degrees, but has an included angle of 2 degrees, the shape of the throttle valve flap is correspondingly designed to be elliptical, and the opening degree range of the throttle valve is 0-88 degrees. The throttle valve is not completely closed in a static state, the opening degree of the throttle valve is kept at 9 degrees by a return spring, and when the electronic throttle valve control system fails, the throttle valve can return to the opening degree of 9 degrees according to the return spring so as to ensure that the engine can still continue to operate and achieve the purpose of safe driving; when the throttle opening is theta, the effective area is the projection area of the throttle in the direction perpendicular to the air flow direction. The actuating motor generally selects a stepping motor or a direct current motor, and the actuating motor adjusts the opening of the throttle valve through a two-stage reduction gear set. The return spring is a mechanical protection device introduced by the electronic throttle control system. The reduction gear set enables the motor to be placed in parallel with the rotating shaft of the throttle valve, so that the size of the throttle valve is reduced, and the structure is more compact. When the output torque of the motor is balanced with the torque of the return spring, the throttle valve is stabilized at a target opening degree, the output torque of the motor is in direct proportion to the duty ratio of a driving signal, when the duty ratio is increased, the driving torque of the motor is larger than the resisting torque of the return spring, and the opening degree of the throttle valve is increased; when the duty ratio is reduced, the driving torque of the motor is smaller than the resistance torque of the return spring, and the opening degree of the throttle valve is reduced.
The Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) is used for collecting Throttle opening signals in real time and feeding back the Position of closed-loop control, is the only detection element of the Throttle state, the electronic Throttle is required to have high reliability, the Position Sensor adopts a redundancy design, is a high-precision double-potentiometer type Sensor, and the Throttle Position information is fed back to the controller through the Position Sensor to realize the closed-loop control.
The computer is provided with a throttle control program based on Real-Time Windows Target technology and Matlab/Simulink/RTW software platform, in the embodiment, code generation is based on a Simulink/RTWT (Real-Time Windows Target) function module, and the program comprises an input information processing module, a position servo control module and a motor driving module. The input information processing module is responsible for processing, analyzing and judging a target throttle opening setting signal (or an accelerator pedal angular displacement signal) and a throttle angular displacement signal to obtain a throttle opening deviation signal, the position servo control module implements a corresponding position servo control algorithm based on the deviation signal, and the motor driving module determines the steering ratio of a throttle valve actuating motor and the duty ratio of a PWM signal according to the output of the position servo control module and sends a corresponding Pulse (PWM) control signal to the driving motor module.
The device simulates a common computer into a host machine and a target machine on the basis of MATLAB/RTWT to realize the semi-physical real-time simulation of the electronic throttle valve, as shown in figure 2. In this embodiment, the data acquisition board card adopts PCI-1711, plays a role of a/D and D/a, and is responsible for converting analog voltage signals of the throttle position sensor into digital signals after being acquired, and converting digital signals of input voltage of the driver into analog voltage signals. Signals exchanged by the data acquisition board card and the computer are digital signals and indicated by a suffix [ D ], and signals exchanged by the board card, the motor driving system and the electronic throttle valve are analog signals and indicated by a suffix [ A ]. In the embodiment, the motor driving board card adopts a NISI ASD-04 direct current motor driving board card, the PWM duty ratio is controlled through input voltage, so that the real-time power supply voltage of the motor is controlled, wherein the input voltage is 0-2.4V positive rotation, 2.4V-2.6V stop rotation and 2.6V-5.0V negative rotation, and the system PWM carrier frequency is selected to be 12KHz in consideration of the noise problem during motor driving.
The device comprises a shell, the shape of which is a cuboid metal box, in the embodiment, the shape size is about 338mm multiplied by 174mm multiplied by 280mm, and a human-computer interaction panel is arranged on the front surface of the shell. As shown in figure 3, the front of the engine can be divided into two parts, the left side of the front is provided with a window with the size of 135mm multiplied by 130mm and installed with organic glass, and the rear part is provided with an electronic throttle body, and the throttle position change can be clearly seen through the window. The right side is a man-machine interaction panel, and a throttle opening indicator, a power indicator, an input signal knob and a signal input interface are arranged on the man-machine interaction panel. The signal input interface includes: the power supply voltage interface of the first throttle position sensor, the power supply voltage interface of the second throttle position sensor, the motor voltage interface, the signal ground interface, the +5V input interface and the power ground interface. The man-machine interaction panel is provided with two square empty slots for installing the voltmeter, a circular empty slot for installing the signal input knob, six universal quick connector interfaces and a power indicator lamp hole. In the embodiment, two square empty slots of 45mm × 45mm are respectively embedded with a throttle opening indicator and a 12V power indicator; the input signal knob is used for setting the signal size of the target throttle opening; the six universal quick connector interfaces correspond to the six signal input interfaces. The power indicator lamp is a 5V power indicator lamp.
A rectangular handle is respectively distributed on the left side and the right side of the shell, so that the electronic throttle valve experimental device is convenient to move. The side surface of the shell is provided with a plurality of rectangular heat dissipation holes so as to achieve the purpose of heat dissipation of the instrument.
The back of casing is equipped with: the device comprises a pedal power input interface, a pedal input signal interface, a pedal power ground interface, a digital output interface, a digital input interface, a digital ground interface, a data acquisition card socket, a power switch and a power socket, wherein the power socket is connected with a power module. As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, the lower left corner of the back surface of the housing is the power switch and the power three-pin socket, the lower right corner is the NI-PCI 6221 board card interface, and six universal quick connector interfaces are distributed in a rectangular shape in the middle: the system comprises an accelerator pedal power supply +5V interface, an accelerator pedal position sensor signal input interface, an accelerator pedal power supply ground interface, a digital output 1 interface, a digital input 1 interface and a digital ground interface.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the electrical principle of the device, wherein a 220V power supply is introduced through a three-pin hole on a rear panel, and is respectively converted into 5V and 12V through two AC/DC transformers to respectively supply power to an actuating motor driver, a sensor on an electronic throttle valve and a data acquisition board card. The throttle opening indicator and the 12V power indicator on the front panel are two voltmeters, and the voltage of the electronic throttle sensor and the power supply voltage are measured through 6 universal quick connectors which are turned out by a 6-core connector.
The device takes the automobile electronic throttle valve as a controlled object, aims at an experimental device for vehicle engineering subject control theory teaching, can be matched with automatic control courses, takes the electronic throttle valve as a research object, and integrates modeling, simulation and a controller of the electronic throttle valve, so that a student system can master the control theory, better exercise the practical ability, and the understanding and learning of the knowledge related to the automobile and the engine are enhanced. The method can be used for experimental teaching of time domain analysis (including steady-state error and stability analysis), frequency domain analysis, system series correction (including PID control), digital controller design and the like of an automatic control theory course. On one hand, the application of the device can lead the classroom teaching to be more visual and vivid and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of students; on the other hand, the practical ability of the students can be improved, and the culture level of the innovation ability is improved. Meanwhile, the device can also be used as a debugging platform for scientific research personnel to carry out throttle valve development and design so as to carry out system simulation tests and further determine related control parameters.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automotive electronics throttle valve experiment teaching device, its characterized in that actuates motor driver, the electron throttle body, data acquisition integrated circuit board, computer, human-computer interaction panel, accelerator pedal including power module, the throttle valve that connects gradually, the data acquisition integrated circuit board actuates motor driver, accelerator pedal position sensor and throttle valve position sensor with the throttle valve respectively and is connected, power module still is connected with the electron throttle body, data acquisition integrated circuit board, accelerator pedal position sensor and throttle valve position sensor respectively, the throttle valve actuates motor driver and passes through the motor drive integrated circuit board and be connected with the computer.
2. The experimental teaching device for the automotive electronic throttle valve according to claim 1, wherein the electronic throttle valve body comprises a throttle valve, an actuating motor, a return spring and a reduction gear set, and the actuating motor adjusts the opening degree of the throttle valve through the reduction gear set.
3. The experimental teaching device for the automobile electronic throttle valve according to claim 1, wherein the man-machine interaction panel is provided with a throttle opening indicating gauge, a power indicating gauge, an input signal knob and a signal input interface.
4. The automotive electronic throttle experiment teaching device according to claim 3, wherein the signal input interface comprises: the power supply voltage interface of the first throttle position sensor, the power supply voltage interface of the second throttle position sensor, the motor voltage interface, the signal ground interface, the +5V input interface and the power ground interface.
5. The experimental teaching device for the automobile electronic throttle valve according to claim 3, wherein the throttle opening indicating gauge and the power indicating gauge are both voltmeters.
6. The experimental teaching device for the automobile electronic throttle valve according to claim 1, further comprising a housing, wherein the human-computer interaction panel is disposed on a front surface of the housing, and the front surface of the housing is further provided with a window with an opening facing the electronic throttle valve body.
7. The experimental teaching device for the automobile electronic throttle valve according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of heat dissipation holes are formed in the housing.
8. The experimental teaching device for the automobile electronic throttle valve according to claim 6, wherein the back of the housing is provided with: the device comprises a pedal power input interface, a pedal input signal interface, a pedal power ground interface, a digital output interface, a digital input interface, a digital ground interface, a data acquisition card socket, a power switch and a power socket, wherein the power socket is connected with a power module.
9. The experimental teaching device for the automobile electronic throttle valve according to claim 1, wherein a throttle valve control program based on Real-Time Windows Target technology and Matlab/Simulink/RTW software platform is arranged in the computer, and comprises an input information processing module, a position servo control module and a motor driving module.
10. The automotive electronic throttle valve experiment teaching device according to claim 1, wherein the throttle valve position sensor is a two-potentiometer type sensor.
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CN201911038785.0A CN110853479A (en) | 2019-10-29 | 2019-10-29 | Experiment teaching device for automobile electronic throttle valve |
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Cited By (3)
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CN112233490A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-01-15 | 上海电子信息职业技术学院 | Visual teaching system |
CN113146230A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-23 | 程倍勇 | Throttle valve assembly assembling system for correcting output signal error and correcting method |
CN117555222A (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-02-13 | 深圳风向标教育资源股份有限公司 | PID parameter calibration teaching device and system for electronic throttle valve |
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