CN110846194A - Method for improving quality of white spirit by using carbon-based solid acid - Google Patents
Method for improving quality of white spirit by using carbon-based solid acid Download PDFInfo
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- CN110846194A CN110846194A CN201911149789.6A CN201911149789A CN110846194A CN 110846194 A CN110846194 A CN 110846194A CN 201911149789 A CN201911149789 A CN 201911149789A CN 110846194 A CN110846194 A CN 110846194A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019633 pungent taste Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosulfonic acid Substances OS(Cl)(=O)=O XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrate;hydrochloride Chemical compound O.Cl DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007171 acid catalysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000014101 wine Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035943 smell Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006237 Beckmann rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013124 brewing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000020097 white wine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
- C12H1/00—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages
- C12H1/12—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages without precipitation
- C12H1/14—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages without precipitation with non-precipitating compounds, e.g. sulfiting; Sequestration, e.g. with chelate-producing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
- C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
- C12G3/04—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs
- C12G3/06—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs with flavouring ingredients
- C12G3/07—Flavouring with wood extracts, e.g. generated by contact with wood; Wood pretreatment therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12H—PASTEURISATION, STERILISATION, PRESERVATION, PURIFICATION, CLARIFICATION OR AGEING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; METHODS FOR ALTERING THE ALCOHOL CONTENT OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS OR ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
- C12H1/00—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages
- C12H1/02—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material
- C12H1/04—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of ion-exchange material or inert clarification material, e.g. adsorption material
- C12H1/0408—Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of ion-exchange material or inert clarification material, e.g. adsorption material with the aid of inorganic added material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of liquor processing, and particularly relates to a method for improving liquor quality by using carbon-based solid acid. The method for improving the quality of the white spirit by using the carbon-based solid acid has the advantages of low cost of materials, easy separation from the white spirit, dual advantages of acid catalysis esterification and adsorption impurity removal, capability of endowing the white spirit with certain special flavor, remarkable improvement of the quality of the white spirit, shortening of aging time, reduction of a large number of facilities occupied in natural aging of the white spirit, and improvement of equipment utilization rate and capital turnover rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of white spirit processing, and particularly relates to a method for improving the quality of white spirit by using carbon-based solid acid, in particular to a method for shortening the aging time of the white spirit and improving the quality of the white spirit by using the carbon-based solid acid as an aging accelerator and an adsorbent and catalyzing the esterification of the white spirit, removing foreign flavors and endowing the white spirit with certain special flavors.
Background
White spirit is a special traditional wine variety in China and is distilled liquor which is reputed to the world, is one of seven distilled liquors in the world, and has a long history and a long source. The production of traditional white spirit not only determines the product quality by the unique traditional fermentation brewing process, but also the storage of white spirit is an indispensable important link for improving the quality of base wine. The newly distilled white spirit (also called base wine) has peculiar smell, has pungent and pungent taste, is not soft in taste, is not prominent in fragrance, contains unpleasant smells such as certain sulfides, is rough in taste but not mellow after drinking, can be stored for a period of time to eliminate the peculiar smell, is increased in fragrance, is mellow and soft in body and is harmonious in taste.
The storage is one of the most important production processes for ensuring the quality of distilled liquor products, and the storage period is different according to the flavor type and quality grade of the distilled liquor, and usually reaches several months to several years. During the storage process, a series of complex chemical and physical changes, such as association of alcohol molecules and water molecules, esterification of acid and alcohol, condensation of aldehyde or ketone and alcohol, volatilization of volatile components and the like, occur, and the process is also called aging of white spirit. Among them, the esterification reaction of acid and alcohol, the condensation reaction of aldehyde or ketone and alcohol, etc. are all acid catalytic reactions, and under the condition of natural temperature without catalyst, the reaction speed is slow, and it usually needs a long time, which is one of the main reasons for long storage period of white spirit. The aging process of the white spirit is also a reflecting process of the value of the white spirit, the pungency and the pungency of the aged white spirit are obviously reduced, the taste becomes mellow and soft, the flavor of the aroma is improved, and the quality and the price are obviously improved. The existing method for aging the white spirit mainly comprises the steps of naturally aging in a pottery container or accelerating aging by adopting ultraviolet treatment, ultrasonic treatment and the like. However, the natural aging time is long, and the ultraviolet ray and ultrasonic treatment have limited effect on accelerating the chemical reaction, so that the storage period of the white spirit cannot be shortened obviously. Therefore, how to accelerate the aging of the white spirit, shorten the production period and promote the mellow flavor of the white spirit is a difficult problem for white spirit manufacturers, and obvious economic and social benefits are achieved when the problem is solved.
The acid catalyst is widely applied to various modern chemical industry fields such as pharmacy, petrochemical industry, polymer chemical industry and the like. However, the common liquid acid catalyst not only has the problems of large corrosion to equipment, difficult reuse, poor production safety and the like, but also is difficult to separate from the product and difficult to apply to the food industry, particularly the esterification ripening of the white spirit industry. The solid acid catalyst has the advantages of low price, easy obtaining, no environmental pollution, easy recovery, reutilization, mild catalytic reaction conditions, high yield and selectivity, simple and convenient post-treatment and the like, can not be replaced by the liquid acid catalyst, and is widely applied to various organic reaction catalysts. Since inorganic oxide solid acids (e.g., zeolites, niobic acid) have a low effective acid center density, they do not exhibit their performance sufficiently in acid-catalyzed reactions (e.g., esterification, hydrolysis, hydration) in the presence of water, and thus cannot replace homogeneous protonic acid catalysts. And are also difficult to apply in the food industry due to toxicity problems. Since 2004, japanese scholars Hara successfully synthesized a carbon-based solid acid catalyst by partial carbonization and sulfonation with concentrated sulfuric acid using naphthalene and pitch as carbon sources, the novel catalyst has attracted extensive attention from researchers in various countries due to the advantages of wide raw material sources, low cost, high density of acid active centers, stable structure, excellent catalytic and stabilizing properties, and the like. In recent years, biomass materials such as various agricultural and forestry wastes or household garbage, and organic polymer materials discarded therefrom have been widely used as carbon sources for carbon-based solid acids, and carbon-based solid acids obtained by incomplete carbonization or sulfonic acid have been widely used in reaction processes such as biodiesel synthesis, Beckmann rearrangement, hydrolysis, furfural conversion, and alkylation.
Disclosure of Invention
The carbon-based solid acid with large specific surface area prepared by adopting the biomass material as the raw material not only has the advantages of wide raw material source, low cost, high acid catalytic activity, simple separation and no toxicity, but also has the characteristic similar to activated carbon, can absorb and remove some foreign flavors in the white spirit, and can endow the wine body with certain special flavor if special raw materials such as carbon-based solid prepared from oak are adopted, thereby further improving the quality of the white spirit or obtaining products with special style.
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the quality of white spirit by using carbon-based solid acid, which takes the carbon-based solid acid as an acid catalyst and an impurity adsorbent to catalyze reactions such as white spirit esterification and acetalation (ketonization), increase ester content, reduce irritation and pungency, remove foreign flavor, improve taste and aroma, obviously shorten aging time of the white spirit and improve the quality of the white spirit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for improving the quality of white spirit by using carbon-based solid acid uses carbon-based solid acid as ageing accelerator and adsorbent, and includes such steps as adding carbon-based solid acid (0.05-0.25 wt.%) to white spirit, sealing, storing at room temp for more than 1 month, and filtering to obtain white spirit with less irritation and hot sense, improved taste and fragrance, and high ester content.
In the method for improving the quality of the white spirit by using the carbon-based solid acid, the preparation method of the carbon-based solid acid comprises the following steps: dissolving an activating agent in a proper amount of water according to the mass ratio of the activating agent to the biomass material of 1-3: 1 by taking the biomass material as a carbon source, adding the biomass material, uniformly stirring and soaking for 4-6 h, drying at 110 ℃ (the added water amount is proper for a small amount of solution at the bottom of a container), and heating at 350-550 ℃ for incomplete carbonization and activation for 1-3 h; and cooling to room temperature, soaking the obtained material with water/dilute hydrochloric acid overnight, carrying out suction filtration and washing, drying the obtained carbon material at 110 ℃, carrying out sulfonation reaction at 120-180 ℃ for 2-8 h with a sulfonating agent, and carrying out sufficient washing and drying to obtain the carbon-based solid acid with sulfonic groups.
In the preparation method of the carbon-based solid acid, the biomass material comprises crop straws, agricultural and forestry product processing leftovers, residues and leftover materials in forest cultivation and processing and the like; such as wood flour, bagasse, tapioca flour, tapioca residue, alkali lignin, fruit shell, fruit peel, bark, etc.
In the above preparation method of the carbon-based solid acid, the activating agent is one or more of phosphoric acid, zinc chloride, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate.
In the preparation method of the carbon-based solid acid, the sulfonating agent is concentrated sulfuric acid, fuming sulfuric acid or chlorosulfonic acid, and the dosage of the sulfonating agent is 5-25ml per gram of the carbon material.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention takes the carbon-based solid acid as the aging accelerator for the white spirit, can obviously accelerate the chemical reactions of esterification, acetal (ketone) and the like in the white spirit, and can greatly reduce the irritation and the spicy feeling, improve the taste, enhance the aroma of the white spirit and improve the ester content of the white spirit after more than 1 month of storage at room temperature. The method for improving the quality of the white spirit by using the carbon-based solid acid can obviously shorten the natural aging time of the white spirit, reduce storage places and equipment, accelerate capital circulation and improve the economic benefit of enterprises.
2. According to the method for improving the quality of the white spirit by using the carbon-based solid acid, the prepared carbon-based solid acid has developed micropore and mesoporous structures, large specific surface area which is up to more than 400m2/g, strong acid catalysis and adsorption capacities, and total acid and sulfonic acid values which are respectively up to more than 4.3 mmol/g and 0.9mmol/g, can effectively adsorb and remove foreign flavors in the white spirit, has the functions of an ordinary activated carbon besides the function of an acid catalyst, and removes precipitates, foreign flavors and bitter flavors in low-alcohol wine.
3. If the carbon-based solid acid prepared by using the special raw materials such as residues in oak cultivation and processing as the carbon source is used for preparing the carbon-based solid acid, the carbon-based solid acid can also endow certain special flavor to the liquor body when the liquor quality is improved, and further improve the liquor quality or obtain products with special styles.
4. The carbon-based solid acid prepared by the method is odorless, tasteless and pollution-free, has the advantages of good aging effect and easy separation for white wine, has the characteristics of wide raw material source, simple preparation and low cost, can be widely used for waste biomass resources generated in production and life and residues in forest cultivation and processing, such as crop straws, shells, fruit peels, residues and leftover materials in wood cultivation and processing, and realizes resource utilization of waste biomass.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a carbon-based solid acid prepared by using phosphoric acid as an activator according to the method for preparing a carbon-based solid acid of the present invention, wherein a and B are scanning electron microscope images at different magnifications;
fig. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of a carbon-based solid acid prepared by using potassium hydroxide as an activator according to the method for preparing a carbon-based solid acid of the present invention, wherein C and D are scanning electron microscope images at different magnifications;
as can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, the carbon-based solid acid prepared by the method for preparing a carbon-based solid acid according to the present invention has a developed microporous and mesoporous structure.
The invention will be further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the method comprises the steps of taking tree branches or wood flour processed from wastes in wood processing as a raw material, dissolving 50g of phosphoric acid in 100mL of water according to the mass ratio of phosphoric acid to wood flour of 1:1, adding 50g of wood flour, stirring and soaking for 4h, drying at 110 ℃, heating at 350 ℃ for carbonization/activation for 3h, cooling to room temperature, soaking with water overnight, carrying out suction filtration and washing, drying the obtained carbon material at 110 ℃, carrying out sulfonation reaction for 8h at 170 ℃ with 300mL of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98%, fully washing with water, and drying to obtain the carbon-based solid acid with the specific surface area of 890 m 2/g. The carbon-based solid acid accounting for 0.05 percent of the mass percent of the white spirit is put into the white spirit, sealed, stored for more than 2 months at room temperature and filtered to obtain the white spirit with the total ester content improved by 22.5 percent, the irritation and the pungency are obviously reduced, the taste and the aroma are improved, and the quality is obviously improved.
Example 2:
taking alkali lignin as a raw material, and mixing the alkali lignin with potassium hydroxide in a mass ratio: dissolving 100g of potassium hydroxide in 80mL of water according to the ratio of 2:1, adding 50g of lignin, stirring and soaking for 5h, wherein the added water is a small amount of solution at the bottom of a container, drying at 110 ℃, heating at 400 ℃ for carbonization/activation for 3h, cooling to room temperature, soaking with dilute hydrochloric acid overnight, carrying out suction filtration and water washing, drying the obtained carbon material at 110 ℃, carrying out sulfonation reaction for 8h at 180 ℃ with 300mL of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid, and carrying out sufficient water washing and drying to obtain the carbon-based solid acid with the specific surface area of 400.6 m 2/g. The carbon-based solid acid accounting for 0.1 percent of the mass percent of the white spirit is put into the white spirit, sealed and stored for more than 2 months at room temperature, and filtered, so that the content of the total esters of the obtained white spirit is improved by 20.3 percent, the irritation and the spicy feeling are obviously reduced, the taste and the aroma are improved, and the quality is obviously improved.
Example 3:
dissolving 150g of phosphoric acid in 100mL of water according to the mass ratio of phosphoric acid to wood powder of 3:1 by taking eucalyptus powder as a raw material, adding 50g of eucalyptus powder, stirring and soaking for 4h, drying at 110 ℃, heating and carbonizing/activating for 3h at 350 ℃, cooling to room temperature, soaking overnight in water, carrying out suction filtration and washing, drying the obtained carbon material at 110 ℃, carrying out sulfonation reaction for 4h at 140 ℃ by using 250mL of fuming sulfuric acid, and carrying out full water washing and drying to obtain the carbon-based solid acid with the specific surface area of more than 1200 m 2/g. The carbon-based solid acid accounting for 0.25 percent of the mass percent of the white spirit is put into the white spirit, sealed and stored for 1 month at room temperature, and filtered, so that the content of the total esters of the obtained white spirit is improved by 18.7 percent, the irritation and the spicy feeling are obviously reduced, the taste and the aroma are improved, and the quality is obviously improved.
Example 4:
taking bagasse as a raw material, and mixing potassium carbonate: dissolving potassium carbonate in 80mL of water according to the ratio of 2.5:1, adding 50g of bagasse, stirring and soaking for 5h, drying at 110 ℃, heating and carbonizing/activating for 2h at 450 ℃, cooling to room temperature, soaking with dilute hydrochloric acid overnight, carrying out suction filtration and water washing, drying the obtained carbon material at 110 ℃, carrying out sulfonation reaction for 3h at 150 ℃ with 250mL of fuming sulfuric acid, and carrying out full water washing and drying to obtain the carbon-based solid acid. The carbon-based solid acid accounting for 0.2 percent of the mass percent of the white spirit is put into the white spirit, sealed and stored for 2 months at room temperature, and then filtered, so that the content of the total esters of the obtained white spirit is improved by 21.9 percent, the irritation and the spicy feeling are obviously reduced, the taste and the aroma are improved, and the quality is obviously improved.
Example 5:
taking dry cassava dregs after starch extraction as a raw material, dissolving sodium carbonate in 80mL of water according to the mass ratio of 3:1 of sodium carbonate to cassava dregs, adding 50g of cassava dregs, stirring and soaking for 6h, drying at 110 ℃, heating at 550 ℃, carbonizing/activating for 1h, cooling to room temperature, soaking overnight with dilute hydrochloric acid, carrying out suction filtration and washing, drying the obtained carbon material at 110 ℃, carrying out sulfonation reaction at 120 ℃ with 250mL of chlorosulfonic acid for 2h, and fully washing and drying to obtain the carbon-based solid acid. The carbon-based solid acid accounting for 0.2 percent of the mass percent of the white spirit is put into the white spirit, sealed and stored for more than 2 months at room temperature, and filtered, so that the content of the total esters of the obtained white spirit is improved by 24.8 percent, the irritation and the spicy feeling are obviously reduced, the taste and the aroma are improved, and the quality is obviously improved.
Example 6
Taking wood powder processed from wastes in wood processing as a raw material, mixing an activating agent, namely a mixture obtained by mixing potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide according to a mass ratio of 1:1 and wood powder according to any weight ratio, dissolving the activating agent in a proper amount of water, adding the wood powder, uniformly stirring, soaking for 5 hours, drying at 110 ℃, heating at 350 ℃, and performing incomplete carbonization and activation for 3 hours; cooling to room temperature, soaking the obtained material with dilute hydrochloric acid overnight, carrying out suction filtration and washing, drying the obtained carbon material at 110 ℃, then carrying out sulfonation reaction with fuming sulfuric acid serving as a sulfonating agent at 120 ℃ for 8 hours, and then fully washing and drying to obtain the carbon-based solid acid with sulfonic groups, wherein the using amount of the fuming sulfuric acid is 10ml per gram of the carbon material. Carbon-based solid acid is used as an aging accelerant and an adsorbent, the carbon-based solid acid accounting for 0.25 percent of the mass percent of the white spirit is added into the white spirit, sealed and stored at room temperature for 3 months, and filtered to obtain the white spirit with obviously reduced irritation and pungency, improved taste and aroma and improved ester content.
Example 7
Dissolving bagasse as a raw material in a proper amount of water according to a mass ratio of sodium carbonate to bagasse of 3:1, adding the bagasse, uniformly stirring, soaking for 6 hours, drying at 110 ℃, heating at 450 ℃, and performing incomplete carbonization and activation for 1.5 hours; cooling to room temperature, soaking the obtained material with water overnight, carrying out suction filtration and washing, drying the obtained carbon material at 110 ℃, then carrying out sulfonation reaction for 5 hours at 140 ℃ with a sulfonating agent (98% concentrated sulfuric acid), and carrying out sufficient washing and drying to obtain the carbon-based solid acid with sulfonic groups; the amount of sulfonating agent used was 25ml per gram of carbon material. Carbon-based solid acid is used as an aging accelerant and an adsorbent, the carbon-based solid acid accounting for 0.15 percent of the mass percent of the white spirit is added into the white spirit, the white spirit is sealed and stored for more than 1 month at room temperature, and the white spirit is filtered to obtain the white spirit with obviously reduced irritation and pungency, improved taste and aroma and improved ester content.
Claims (5)
1. A method for improving the quality of white spirit by using carbon-based solid acid is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of taking carbon-based solid acid as an aging accelerant and an adsorbent, putting the carbon-based solid acid accounting for 0.05-0.25% of the mass percent of the white spirit into the white spirit, sealing, storing at room temperature for more than 1 month, and filtering to obtain the white spirit with obviously reduced irritation and pungency, improved taste and aroma and improved ester content, the quality of the white spirit is improved, and the natural aging time of the white spirit is obviously shortened.
2. The method for improving the quality of the white spirit by using the carbon-based solid acid as claimed in claim I, wherein the carbon-based solid acid is selected from the group consisting of: the preparation method of the carbon-based solid acid comprises the following steps: dissolving an activating agent in a proper amount of water by taking a biomass material as a carbon source according to the mass ratio of the activating agent to the biomass material of 1-3: 1, adding the biomass material, uniformly stirring, soaking for 4-6 h, drying at 110 ℃, heating at 350-550 ℃, and performing incomplete carbonization and activation for 1-3 h; and cooling to room temperature, soaking the obtained material with water/dilute hydrochloric acid overnight, carrying out suction filtration and washing, drying the obtained carbon material at 110 ℃, then carrying out sulfonation reaction for 2-8 h at 120-180 ℃ with a sulfonating agent, and carrying out sufficient washing and drying to obtain the carbon-based solid acid.
3. The method for improving the quality of the white spirit by using the carbon-based solid acid as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the biomass material comprises crop straws, agricultural and forestry product processing leftovers, residues and leftover materials in forest cultivation and processing.
4. The method for improving the quality of the white spirit by using the carbon-based solid acid as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the activating agent is one or more of phosphoric acid, zinc chloride, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate.
5. The method for improving the quality of the white spirit by using the carbon-based solid acid as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sulfonating agent is concentrated sulfuric acid, fuming sulfuric acid or chlorosulfonic acid, and the dosage of the sulfonating agent is 5-25ml per gram of the carbon material.
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