CN110840671A

CN110840671A - Nursing bed system based on distributed sensing array

Info

Publication number: CN110840671A
Application number: CN201910898679.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁进方
Original assignee: TIANJIN AIWEI METAL PRODUCTS CO Ltd
Current assignee: TIANJIN AIWEI METAL PRODUCTS CO Ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-23
Filing date: 2019-09-23
Publication date: 2020-02-28

Abstract

A nursing bed system based on a distributed sensing array. The product comprises a bed frame, wherein the front of the bed frame is connected with a group of front supporting plates, the back of the bed frame is connected with a group of back supporting plates, the bed plate is supported between the front supporting plates and the back supporting plates, the front of the bed frame and the front of the bed plate are limited by a front pressing plate, the front of the bed frame and the front pressing plate are fixed by screws, the back of the bed frame and the back of the bed plate are limited by a back pressing plate, the back of the bed frame and the back pressing plate are fixed by screws, a circuit board is embedded in the bed plate, the circuit board is connected with a sensor, the circuit board is provided with 96 acquisition points, and the acquisition points are connected with comb electrodes. The invention is used for a nursing bed system.

Description

Nursing bed system based on distributed sensing array

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to a nursing bed system based on a distributed sensing array.

Background art:

with the gradual entering of China into the aging society, the demand for medical instruments is gradually increased, and the nursing bed is the most common and common in the medical instruments. Usually, one third or one fourth of the time is in bed, especially for patients who need to stay in bed for a long time, most of the time of the patients is spent in the nursing bed, so the quality of the nursing bed is very important for the patients. In addition, for the paralyzed patient, because of the inconvenience of turning over, the patient lies in bed in a certain sleeping posture for a long time, and the local skin of the body can be damaged due to long-time compression, thereby generating pressure sores. Pressure sores, also known as Pressure Ulcers (PU), are the pathological process of tissue intersection and necrosis due to continuous local tissue compression, hypoxia, ischemia, and nutrient supply failure. Pressure sores are one of the common clinical complications, the incidence rate of the pressure sores is 3% -14%, the economic burden of families of patients is increased, the life quality of the patients is affected, a large amount of medical resources are consumed, and the lives of the patients are threatened in severe cases. The formation reasons of pressure sores are complex, and the mainstream view is that the pressure sores are caused by the combined action of a plurality of risk factors mainly including pressure, and the risk factors are mainly divided into self factors and external factors.

The self-factors include age, sex, and maintaining a posture for a long time. The external factors mainly include pressure, shearing force, friction force, iatrogenic factors and the like. Pressure is an important factor generated by pressure sores, pressure is concentrated on bone protrusions, the skin diffuses pressure from shallow to deep, local blood circulation and lymphatic return are blocked, and metabolic dysfunction causes tissue degeneration and necrosis; the shearing force can make the tissues generate relative displacement, and the phenomenon of insufficient blood supply can occur to a larger area of tissues, thereby affecting the metabolic function of the tissues. The friction force is generated by the actions of turning over and moving the patient on the bed, and the like, and acts on epithelial tissues to damage keratinized skin, so that pressure sores are easily caused. Iatrogenic is a condition in which some patients are seriously inadvisable to change posture. In conclusion, the factors causing pressure sores are really many, but the most important factor is pressure, so if the pressure sores can be prevented from being pressed on local skin tissues for a long time when a patient lies in bed, the incidence rate of the pressure sores of the patient can be greatly reduced, and the simplest and most effective method for preventing the pressure sores at present is to help the patient turn over every 2 hours. With the rapid development of robotics and information technology, particularly, the progress of information technology represented by communication, sensors, and automatic control, humans are beginning to enter an information, networking, and intelligent era. For the patients who need to lie in bed for a long time and are inconvenient to move, if the nursing bed with the automatic turnover assisting function can be used for turning over at regular time, the incidence rate of pressure sores can be reduced, the blood circulation of the patients can be enhanced, the physique of the patients can be enhanced, and the immunity can be improved. Meanwhile, the physiological signal parameters of the human body such as the body temperature, the heart rate, the blood pressure, the blood oxygen content and the like of the patient can be transmitted to the monitoring center by utilizing a network communication technology, so that the remote monitoring of the patient can be realized, and the patient can be rescued in time when an emergency occurs.

Domestic research on intelligent nursing beds mainly focuses on scientific research institutes and hospitals, and most of research is more inclined to integrate the conventional functions of the nursing beds based on embedded systems. The system has an expert system database, obtains a pressure-time safety zone curve according to clinical data, and can automatically control the turnover bed to assist the patient to turn over to change the pressed position if the pressure data obtained by measurement exceeds the pressure. The research on the nursing bed in China is relatively extensive, and related research works are carried out in related scientific research institutes and hospitals, but the research is relatively less in pertinence, most of the research is limited to monitoring the physiological state of a patient by utilizing a sensor technology, a network information technology and the like, and particularly, the research on the nursing bed for preventing pressure sores is less, so that the nursing bed has certain limitations.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to provide a nursing bed system based on a distributed sensing array, which has a good using effect.

The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:

a nursing bed system based on a distributed sensing array comprises a bed frame, wherein the front of the bed frame is connected with a group of front supporting plates, the back of the bed frame is connected with a group of back supporting plates, a bed plate is supported between the front supporting plates and the back supporting plates, the front of the bed frame and the front of the bed plate are limited through a front pressing plate, the front of the bed frame and the front pressing plate are fixed through screws, the back of the bed frame and the back of the bed plate are limited through a back pressing plate, the back of the bed frame and the back pressing plate are fixed through screws, the bed plate is embedded with a circuit board, the circuit board is connected with a sensor, the circuit board is provided with 96 collecting points, and the collecting points are connected with comb electrodes.

The nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array is characterized in that the sensor is provided with a CD4067 chip, the number of the CD4067 chips is 6, and the CD4067 chip is connected with a 74HCl38 chip.

Nursing bed system based on distributed sensing array, the sensor control unit Arduino has, control unit Arduino have serial ports, FC communication interface, SPI communication interface, serial ports connection between two equipment, be used as both way communication, FC communication interface with SPI communication interface connect between a set of equipment, be used as principal and subordinate communication.

According to the nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array, the transmission speed of the SPI communication interface is higher than that of the FC communication interface, the FC communication interface is composed of a data line SDA and a clock line SCL and is a serial bus, the serial bus is connected with a group of devices in parallel, and the devices are a master controller or a slave controller, a transmitter or a receiver.

Nursing bed system based on distributed sensing array, the bed board be located the position installation 3 pressure distributed that the upper half body was lain the sensor, one of them is host computer Arduino, another two for following computer Arduino A and following computer Arduino B, host computer Arduino connect slave computer Arduino A with follow computer Arduino B, host computer Arduino connect the serial ports, serial ports connection raspberry group.

The nursing bed system based on distributed sensing array, the bed board including play backplate, left side turn over board, right side and turn over board, bent leg board, play the backplate with the left side turn over the board the right side turn over between the board through hinge connection, the left side turn over the board with the right side turn over between the board through hinge connection, the right side turn over board contact linear electric motor, linear electric motor pass through remote controller control, the left side turn over the board with the right side turn over the board and pass through a linear electric motor of actuating lever connection, play the backplate and connect a linear electric motor, bent leg board connect at a linear electric motor, last linear electric motor control bedpan the switch, 4 linear electric motor adjustment nursing bed's gesture.

Nursing bed system based on distributed sensing array, 4 equal connection director of linear electric motor, the controller include singlechip AT89C5l, singlechip AT89C5l connect relay and wired remote controller, wired remote controller have the back of the body control button, the flat control button of the back of the body, the left side is turned over control button, the right side is turned over control button, is bent leg control button, the flat control button of leg, bedpan on control button, bedpan off control button, wired remote controller total 4 signal lines and singlechip AT89C5l P2.4 pin, P2.5 pin, P2.6 pin and P2.7 pin are connected.

In the nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array, the wired remote controller is provided with an external control unit Arduino UNO, and an external direct-current power supply of the external control unit Arduino UNO supplies power through a power interface; the power supply is directly connected with VIN and GND pins of the power supply connector; the power is directly supplied through a USB interface, and the external control unit Arduino UNO is connected with a serial port, an IIC communication interface and an SPI communication interface.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the product.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the comb-shaped electrode arrangement of the product.

Figure 3 is a pin diagram of CD4067 of the product.

Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a pressure distributed sensor of the present product.

Fig. 5 is a front view of an embodiment of the product.

Fig. 6 is a back view of an object of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a wiring diagram of the Fc bus of the present product.

FIG. 8 is a physical diagram of an inertial navigation module JY-901 of the product.

FIG. 9 is a calibration wiring diagram of module JY-901 of the present product.

Fig. 10 is a block diagram of the intelligent nursing bed system of the product.

Fig. 11 is a real figure of the linear motor of the product.

Fig. 12 is a physical diagram of a wired remote controller of the product.

Fig. 13 is a physical diagram of the controller of the product.

FIG. 14 is a pictorial view of the product Arduino UNO.

Fig. 15 is an analog control signal isolation circuit diagram of the present product.

FIG. 16 is a raspberry pie chart of the product.

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of a bed frame of the product.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention.

Example 1:

a nursing bed system based on a distributed sensing array comprises a bed frame 1, wherein the front of the bed frame is connected with a group of front supporting plates 2, the rear of the bed frame is connected with a group of rear supporting plates 3, a bed plate 4 is supported between the front supporting plates and the rear supporting plates, the front of the bed frame and the front of the bed plate are limited through a front pressing plate 5, the front of the bed frame and the front pressing plate are fixed through screws, the rear of the bed frame and the rear of the bed plate are limited through a rear pressing plate 6, the rear of the bed frame and the rear pressing plate are fixed through screws, the bed plate is embedded with a circuit board, the circuit board is connected with a sensor, the circuit board is provided with 96 collecting points, and the collecting points are connected with comb electrodes.

The bed frame connect front supporting leg 7 and back supporting leg 8, the preceding head of a bed 9 of connecting of bed frame, the back of bed frame connect tailstock 10, the bed frame connect left guardrail board 11 and right guardrail board 12.

Example 2:

the system for a nursing bed based on a distributed sensing array described in embodiment 1, wherein the sensor comprises a CD4067 chip (16-way analog switch), the number of the CD4067 chips is 6, and the CD4067 chip is connected with a 74HCl38 chip (3-8 decoder).

Example 3:

embodiment 2 nursing bed system based on distributed sensing array, the sensor control unit Arduino has, control unit Arduino have serial ports, FC communication interface, SPI communication interface, serial port connect between two equipment, be used as both way communication, FC communication interface with SPI communication interface connect between a set of equipment, be used as master-slave communication.

Example 4:

the distributed sensing array-based nursing bed system of embodiment 3, wherein the transmission speed of the SPI communication interface is greater than that of the FC communication interface, the FC communication interface is a serial bus consisting of a data line SDA and a clock line SCL, the serial bus is connected in parallel with a set of devices, and the devices are a master controller or a slave controller, a transmitter or a receiver.

Example 5:

embodiment 3 based on distributed sensing array's nursing bed system, the bed board be located the position installation 3 pressure distributed that the upper half body was lain the sensor, one of them is host computer Arduino, another two are for following machine Arduino A and follow machine Arduino B, host computer Arduino connect slave machine Arduino A with follow machine Arduino B, host computer Arduino connect the serial ports, serial ports connection raspberry group. The host collects pressure data M of a sensor of the host, collects pressure data A and pressure data B of two slave machines through a 12C bus, and finally transmits the collected pressure data to the raspberry pie through a serial port to complete the collection of the whole pressure data.

Example 6:

embodiment 1 a nursing bed system based on distributed sensor array, the bed board including play backplate 13, left side turn over 14, right side turn over 15, bend leg board 16, play the backplate with the left side turn over the board the right side turn over and pass through hinge connection between the board, the left side turn over the board with the right side turn over and pass through hinge connection between the board, the right side turn over board contact linear electric motor, linear electric motor pass through remote controller control, the left side turn over the board with the right side turn over the board and pass through a linear electric motor of actuating lever connection, play the backplate and connect a linear electric motor, bend leg board connect at a linear electric motor, last linear electric motor control bedpan switch, 4 linear electric motor adjust the gesture of nursing bed.

Example 7:

embodiment 6 a nursing bed system based on distributed sensing array, 4 linear electric motor all connect the controller, the controller include singlechip AT89C5l, singlechip AT89C5l connect relay and wired remote controller, wired remote controller have play back control button, flat control button of the back, the left side is turned over control button, the right side is turned over control button, is bent leg control button, flat control button of leg, bedpan on control button, bedpan off control button, wired remote controller total 4 signal lines and singlechip AT89C5l P2.4 pin, P2.5 pin, P2.6 pin and P2.7 pin are connected.

Example 9:

the distributed sensing array based care bed system of embodiment 7, wherein the wired remote controller has an external control unit Arduino UNO, and an external dc power supply of the external control unit Arduino UNO is powered through a power interface; the power supply is directly connected with VIN and GND pins of the power supply connector; the power is directly supplied through a USB interface, and the external control unit Arduino UNO is connected with a serial port, an IIC communication interface and an SPI communication interface.

Example 10:

according to the nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array, aiming at the pressure distribution data acquisition of a patient on the nursing bed, the pressure distributed sensor based on the piezoelectric material is designed, the multichannel data signal acquisition of a single sensor and the data communication among a plurality of sensors are completed, and the posture of the nursing bed is measured by using the inertial sensor; aiming at the turning-over bed developed by a project early-stage cooperation company, a networking monitoring transformation scheme is provided on the basis, so that the remote control and monitoring of the nursing bed are realized; and completing the identification feature extraction of the acquired original pressure distribution data, and preparing for the subsequent feature identification. And researching an identification characteristic acquisition method of various sleeping posture modes based on pressure distribution. Analyzing common pattern recognition algorithms, selecting a most appropriate recognition algorithm, designing a classifier and verifying the recognition effect of the pattern recognition algorithms through an off-line experiment.

And designing a real-time identification method, and verifying the effect of the designed system and the proposed feedback control strategy through an online experiment to ensure that all parts of the system can meet the design requirements.

Example 11:

the nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array according to the above embodiments,

⑴ chamfer processing equipment of desk and chair plate and its processing method existing desk and chair are made more and adopt manual operation, the labor cost is greater, and production efficiency is not high, especially the chamfer operation of desk and chair plate, usually adopt the manual cutting of hand tool to form, the chamfer quality is difficult to the standardized control and consume the cost is higher.

⑵ mattress with spring and its curling method traditional mattress is heavy, large, need expend manpower and other costs in transportation and handling, and it is inconvenient, and these costs will eventually raise the selling price of mattress, and aggravate consumer's burden.

⑶ chair back quilting process the traditional chair back is sewn by a knitting machine, the sewing process of the chair back is not fine and compact enough, the product has low aesthetic degree, company puts the chair back on a quilting machine for quilting at present, the back is fine after quilting, the appearance of the product has high aesthetic degree, the specific method is that 5mm-6.5mm leather is selected as the raw material of the chair back, wax paper is used for quilting, the chair back is put on the quilting machine for quilting, artificial silk thread is selected for being used as embroidery thread for quilting, the quilting needle is 8-10 needles, the presser foot spring is 1800 and 2000g, the distance between the presser foot and the needle plate is 1.5-2 mm, the rotating speed of the needle is 500 and 580 turns.

Example 12:

in the nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array according to the embodiment, because the pressure distributed sensor is applied to the nursing bed, the sensor is not suitable to be too small, the measurement range is limited due to too small sensor, the sensor is not suitable to be too large, the manufacturing cost of too large circuit board is too high, the circuit board specification of the sensor is designed to be 154mm × 16196mm, 96 collecting points are provided, and the arrangement schematic diagram of the comb-shaped electrode is as shown in fig. 2: the total number of the acquisition points in a pressure distributed sensor is 96, and the number of the analog input ports of the ArduinoUNO is only 6, so that the voltage signals of the comb electrodes cannot be directly input to the analog input 12 of the Arduino. The channel selection circuit needs to use a CD4067 chip, as shown in FIG. 2, the CD4067 is a 16-way analog switch, and has 16 input ports, 1 output port, 1 chip select port, and 4 bit select ports, wherein the chip select port is equivalent to a switch of the whole chip, and the chip can only work when the port is at a low level; the 4 bit selects determine which of the 16 ways to turn on, the truth table for which is shown in table 2.1. It can be seen that CD4067 changes the 16 signal channels into 1 signal channel output, which greatly reduces the occupation of the Arduino port.

Table 2.1 truth table of CD 4067.

The chip is a 16-way analog switch, the pressure distributed sensor has 96 collecting points, so the whole sensor needs 6 CD4067 chips, if Arduino is directly used for chip selection of 6 CD4067 chips, 6 digital IO ports are needed, 5 digital 10 ports are already used in the function of controlling the posture of the nursing bed, in order to reduce the use of the digital IO ports and enhance the expandability of the system, 74HCl38 chips are used for chip selection of the CD4067 chips, 74HCl38 chips are 3-8 decoders, 8 output ports can be controlled through 3 input ports, and therefore chip selection control of the 6 CD4067 chips can be achieved through 3 digital IO ports of the Arduino. In summary, the schematic circuit diagram of the designed pressure distributed sensor is shown in fig. 4, as shown in fig. 5 (real object front view) and fig. 6 (real object back view).

Example 13:

in the nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array according to the embodiment, the plurality of pressure distributed sensors are used for communicating, the pressure distributed sensors are used for measuring the pressure distribution of the upper body of the human body on the nursing bed, the width of the nursing bed is more than lm, and in order to make the pressure measurement range as large as possible, the plurality of pressure distributed sensors are used, so that the problem of data communication among the plurality of pressure distributed sensors needs to be solved. Because each pressure distributed sensor is controlled by a separate Arduino, communication between sensors is also known as communication between multiple arduinos. Arduino has three kinds of common communication interfaces such as serial ports, FC and SPI, and wherein the serial ports can only be used for the two-way communication between two equipment, can not use the condition more than two equipment simultaneously, has the communication of introducing Arduino and raspberry group in the second chapter moreover and has adopted serial communication, consequently can not use serial communication again. 12C and SPI can be applied to master-slave communication among a plurality of devices, the transmission speed of SPI is faster than that of FC, but the use of FC communication is simpler, and no special high requirement is made on the transmission speed in the project, so 12C communication is selected. Fc is a serial bus consisting of a data line SDA and a clock line SCL, which can implement bidirectional data transmission with a maximum transfer rate of 100 kbps. The various devices are connected in parallel on a bus, each device having a unique address, and each device on the bus may be either a master (or slave) or a transmitter (or receiver). A diagram of Fc bus wiring between multiple devices is shown in fig. 7. In the project, the pressure of the upper half of the human body is mainly measured, so that 3 pressure distributed sensors are installed at the position where the upper half of the nursing bed lies, one Arduino serves as a main machine, the other two Arduino serve as slave machines A and B, the main machine collects the pressure data M of the sensor, the pressure data A and B of the two slave machines are collected through a 12C bus, and finally the collected pressure data are transmitted to a raspberry group through a serial port to complete the collection of the whole pressure data.

Example 14:

in the nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array according to the embodiment, in order to realize automatic assistance of turning over of a human body, the posture detection of the nursing bed needs to obtain the real-time posture angle of the nursing bed, in the item, the posture of the nursing bed is measured by using the inertial sensor, the high-precision inertial navigation module JY 901 is selected, as shown in fig. 8, and the functions of all pins are shown in table 6.1. The module integrates a gyroscope, an accelerometer and a geomagnetic field sensor, and a high-performance microprocessor and a Kalman dynamic filtering algorithm are adopted, so that the real-time motion attitude of the module can be rapidly calculated, the attitude measurement precision is 0.1 degree, the stability is extremely high, and the performance is even superior to that of some professional inclinometers. The module working voltage is 3 v-6 v, the pin level is compatible with the embedded system of 3.3W 5V, and the connection is convenient. Two digital interfaces of a serial port and an Fc are supported, and the optimal connection mode is conveniently selected.

Table 6.1 function table of each pin of inertial navigation module JY-901.

Example 15:

in the nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array, because the convenience and expandability of wiring are considered, the angle information of the single Arduino acquisition module JY-901 is selected to be used, the final angle information needs to be fed back to the Arduino connected with the nursing bed controller, the acquired angle information can be directly sent to the host Arduino through the parallel Fc interface, and serial port communication can be adopted for communication between the modules JY-901 and the Arduino. At present, the posture of the back area of the nursing bed is mainly considered, the posture comprises three posture adjustments of back lifting, left side turning and right side turning, the designed area consists of areas 1, 2 and 3, and the area 2 is an area which can move during the three posture adjustments, so that the real-time posture angle of the back area of the nursing bed can be detected by installing the inertia module in the area 2. The angle of the rollover is represented by the angle of rotation around the Y axis, wherein positive values represent right rollover, and negative values represent left rollover; the angles of back lift and lie are indicated by the angle of rotation about the X axis, where negative values indicate back lift and zero indicates lie. Before use, the inertial sensor needs to be calibrated, and the inertial sensor is connected with a computer by adopting a USB-to-TTL module and then calibrated by using an upper computer, as shown in figure 9.

Example 16:

in the nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array according to the embodiment, the overall block diagram of the intelligent nursing bed human-computer interaction system is designed as shown in fig. 10, the turning bed is arranged on the right half of the system, the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer is used as a processor, the effect of adjusting the posture of the nursing bed is achieved by controlling the linear motor through the remote controller, and the nursing bed system is the basis of the whole nursing bed system. The left half part comprises a local area network system consisting of a router, a raspberry group and a server, an image monitoring system consisting of a camera and the raspberry group, and a sleeping posture identification automatic feedback control system consisting of a pressure distributed sensor, an inertial sensor, an Arduino, the raspberry group and a nursing bed.

Example 17:

the movement of each area of the bed board is completed by a linear motor driving link mechanism, the used linear motors are shown in the attached figure 11, the whole electric nursing bed has 4 linear motors, the linear motors drive the link mechanism to move through the extension and retraction of the driving rod, the left side turning and the right side turning are driven by one linear motor, the back lifting and leg bending actions are respectively driven by one linear motor, and the linear motor controls the opening and closing of the bed pan. Therefore, the posture of the nursing bed can be adjusted at will by controlling the 4 linear motors.

The operation of the linear motor is completed by the driving of the controller, the controller mainly comprises a single chip microcomputer, a relay and a wired remote controller, the model of the single chip microcomputer is AT89C5l, the wired remote controller mainly comprises 8 control keys such as a back lifting key, a back leveling key, a left side turning key, a right side turning key, a leg bending key, a leg leveling key, a bed pan opening key and a bed pan closing key, when the posture of the nursing bed needs to be adjusted, a certain function key can be pressed all the time through the remote controller, the corresponding linear motor can drive the corresponding bed surface to move, when the keys are loosened, the linear motor can stop operating, the posture of the nursing bed can be kept in the current state, the physical diagram of the remote controller is shown in attached figure 12, and the physical diagram of.

Example 18:

in order to realize the remote and automatic control of the nursing bed, the nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array in the above embodiment must know the specific control instruction in the controller, and simulate the control signal of the wired remote control through the external signal to realize the posture adjustment of the nursing bed. Under the unknown condition of a specific control instruction, the circuit of a controller circuit board and the voltage change condition of each pin of the single chip microcomputer after each key is pressed are detected through the universal meter, the specific control 26 instruction for controlling the posture of the nursing bed by the wired remote controller is obtained, the wired remote controller has 4 signal lines which are connected with the pins P2.4, P2.5, P2.6 and P2.7 of the single chip microcomputer, when the control key of the remote controller is pressed, the 4 signal lines can generate different high and low level signals, and then the single chip microcomputer controls the on-off of the corresponding relay by detecting the high and low level of the 4 pins connected with the single chip microcomputer so as to control the operation of the linear motor. Specific control instructions for controlling the linear motor are shown in table 8.5, where 1 and 0 in table 8.5 represent a high level and a low level, respectively, and taking the back-up function as an example, when a back-up key is pressed, the levels of 4 signal lines of the remote controller are respectively a low level, a high level and a high level, that is, represent the 0111 instruction in table 8.5, and after the single chip detects the levels of four pins P2.4, P2.5, P2.6 and P2.7, the back-up operation is realized by turning on a relay for controlling the back-up linear motor, and other functions are similar.

Table 8.5 pin signal table of each functional single chip microcomputer.

Example 19:

in the nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array in the embodiment, after the control instruction of each function of the nursing bed is known, the control signal can be simulated through the external signal to realize the control of the posture of the nursing bed. Select for use Arduino as external control unit in this project for the attitude control signal of simulation nursing bed. Arduino is a convenient and flexible open-source electronic platform, and has the following advantages: cross-platform, its IDE can be used on mainstream operating systems; the method is simple and clear, and the operation is simple and flexible; openness, all data of Arduino are open source; the development period is short. Based on the advantages of Arduino, the Arduino is selected as the external control unit of the nursing bed in the project because the requirement on hardware resources is not very high, the selected model is the most common Arduino UNO, the appearance entity diagram is shown in FIG. 14, the core processor of the Arduino UNO is ATmega328, and the Arduino UNO is provided with 14 DIGITAL I/O ports (DIGITAL 0-13, wherein 6 paths can be used as PWM output) and 6 analog input ports (Ao-A6). There are three power supply modes for Arduino UNO, which are respectively: an external direct current power supply supplies power through a power interface; the power supply is directly connected with VIN and GND pins of the power supply connector; the USB interface is used for directly supplying power, a power supply mode can be automatically selected, the USB interface is used for directly supplying power in a general code debugging stage, most of the power interfaces or pins are selected for supplying power in practical application, the power interfaces or the pins are selected for supplying power according to specific conditions, the pins are selected for supplying power in the project, and specific reasons will be explained later. The Arduino UNO has three communication interfaces including a serial port, an IIC interface and an SPI interface, and can realize serial port communication with the outside through digital ports 0 (IIX) and 1 (TX); IIC communication with an external implementation can be achieved through A0(SDA) and Al (SCL); the SPI communication can also be realized externally through 10(SS), 11(MOSI), 12(MISO), 13 (SCK). The appropriate communication mode can be selected according to different communication requirements.

Example 20:

because the working voltage of the AT89C51 singlechip pin and the digital IO port of the Arduino UNO used in the nursing bed controller is 5V, in order to simulate the control signal of the remote controller, the digital IO port of the Arduino UNO can be directly used for simulation, and the digital IO lZ/10, 11, 12 and 13 are used for correspondingly connecting the four pins P2.4, P2.5, P2.6 and P2.7 of the singlechip in the controller, so that the control of the linear motor by the external control unit can be realized through experimental verification, but a problem still exists that the remote controller fails when the digital IO port of the Arduino is directly connected with the singlechip pin in the controller, because the digital IO port of the Arduino is in an initial state when the external control unit does not work, and the initial state of the port is in a high level, at the moment, when the control signal of the remote controller is transmitted to the singlechip in the controller, the four signal lines are bound to have low-level signals, but the Arduino port is at a high level at the moment, and two levels of the same port are in an OR relationship, so that the control signal of the remote controller is failed. 29 to solve this problem, the analog control signal of Arduino is isolated from the original remote control signal, and an isolation circuit is designed for this purpose, as shown in fig. 15.

1N4148 used in the circuit of FIG. 15 is a high speed switching diode widely used for unidirectional conduction isolation. Wherein 4 10K resistors are mainly used for voltage reduction, lO, 11, 12 and 13 represent 4 digital IO ports corresponding to Arduino, and P2.4, P2.5, P2.6 and P2.7 correspond to pins corresponding to a single chip in the controller. The circuit mainly utilizes the unidirectional conductivity of the diode, and also takes the control signal of the back starting action as an example to describe the working principle, the control instruction of the back starting action is 011l, namely the level corresponding to the ports P2.4-2.7 is high and low. When the external control unit does not work, namely the digital IO port of the Arduino is at an initial high level, due to the unidirectional conductivity of the diode, the high level of the digital IO port of the Arduino has no influence on the P2.4-2.7 ports, when the remote controller is not pressed down, the P2.4-2.7 ports are at a high level, when a back-up key of the remote controller is pressed down, 4 signal lines of the remote controller send out level signals of Olll, namely the signal line connected with the P2.4 is at a low level, the other signal lines are at high levels, 5V voltage is at a low level after being reduced by a 10K resistor, so that the P2.4 port 30 is at a low level, the P2.5-P2.7 ports are at a high level, and the controller controls the back-up action at the moment. Besides, in the testing process, the controller can automatically enter a sleep state under the condition that no operation is carried out within 3 minutes, at the moment, the linear motor cannot be controlled through an external control unit, the universal meter detects that when the remote controller is used for operating, except that the level of 4 signal lines changes, a signal line triggering the single chip microcomputer to work can be changed from a low level to a high level, but the voltage of the high level is 33V, and the signal line is triggered through an Arduino digital port in an optical coupling isolation mode, so that the sleep is awakened. The linear motor can be directly controlled through the Arduino analog control signal, but remote control is realized, the function of the Arduino UNO is far from meeting the requirement, because the Arduino UNO has no network interface, an upper computer which has stronger computing capability and can realize network communication is also needed, the upper computer is selected from various types and mainly comprises a general microcomputer (PC), an industrial personal computer, embedded equipment and the like, and the microcomputer comprises a common desktop computer, a notebook computer and the like, has rich resources and strong computing capability, but has larger volume and higher price; the industrial personal computer is mainly used for complex industrial control and is expensive; the embedded computer has the common functions of a microcomputer, has slightly poor computing capability, but has small volume and low price, is widely applied to embedded products, and can meet the performance requirement by selecting the embedded computer in the project. The embedded computer is mainly based on an ARM chip at present, and the power consumption is low. The system used in the embedded computer has an open source Linux system and an android system, and the Linux operating system is widely used due to the open source, community support and other factors. 31 in embedded computers, Raspberry Pi and Beaglebone Black are now popular open source single board embedded Linux computers. The raspberry pie is popular with many foreign researchers due to the factors of low price, rich development data and the like, the development community is active, and the development difficulty is small. The raspberry pie is based on an ARMll chip, can be connected with an external HDMI 12 to be connected with a display, and can be directly changed into a microcomputer. The power consumption is very low, and is only 0.5W by using a 5V power supply. The raspberry group provides rich GPIO resources, and a serial bus of hardware is connected with I: 1, including serial port, 12C and SPI communication interface. The raspberry group can use a Linux system, support high-level development languages such as Python language and the like, and can directly use Python programming to operate bottom GPIO resources and each serial interface to receive and transmit data in real time. The Beaglebone black is based on ARM Cortex-A8 and provides a plurality of GPIO interfaces. The performance is stronger than that of a raspberry group, the operation speed is high, a plurality of peripheral interfaces are provided, and the method is widely applied to the fields of robot control and the like. However, BeagleboneBlack is expensive, complicated to use, relatively few in number of people and few in development data. Therefore, the raspberry pie selected in the project can meet the requirement of computing performance. The model selected here is 2 generation B type, which is a micro computer mainboard based on ARM, uses MicroSD card as memory hard disk, has 4 USB interfaces and 10/100 Ethernet interface, and has all the basic functions of PC. Unlike a common computer, the computer has 40 GPIO pins besides the common USB and network cable interfaces, and can be directly operated by a program, wherein the GPIO pin includes three common communication interfaces, such as a serial port, an FC, and an SPI, and the GPIO pin can communicate with external devices through the interfaces 12. In order to realize remote control, the control signal of the raspberry group must transmit Arduino, so a reliable communication must be established between the Arduino and the raspberry group, a common communication mode between the Arduino and the raspberry group comprises a USB (universal serial bus) and a serial port, the USB mode uses a USB line to connect the Arduino and a USB interface of the raspberry group, wiring is simple and convenient, but the mode is generally used for programming the Arduino by the raspberry group and is rarely used for communication in normal working, and the connection between the Arduino and the raspberry group is not compact enough. Therefore, serial port communication is used between the Arduino and the raspberry pi, but because the working voltage of the Arduino port is 5V, the working voltage of the raspberry pi port is 3.3V, and the working voltages are different, the serial port TX and the serial port RX cannot be directly connected.

Example 21:

in the nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array according to the embodiment, the main function of the nursing bed posture remote control program is to transmit the image data collected by the camera to the server through the UDP protocol, and it should be noted that the port of the server is not changed, but the corresponding terminals lZ/of different services are different. First, also create Socket, the 2 nd parameter of the instantiation of a UDP Socket is datagram (Socket. Socket DGRAM), the rest of the parameters are the same as the TCP Socket. Secondly, because the picture data is binary data, the binary data of the image is firstly coded into a character string through Base64 coding, then is converted into an ison format through a dumps () method, and is sent to the server through a send () method of Socket communication, so that Socket communication is completed. The server receives the image data, then restores the image data into original binary data through Base64 decoding, and displays the original binary data through a Web end.

Claims

1. A nursing bed system based on a distributed sensing array comprises a bed frame and is characterized in that a group of front supporting plates are connected to the front of the bed frame, a group of rear supporting plates are connected to the rear of the bed frame, a bed board is supported between the front supporting plates and the rear supporting plates, the front of the bed frame and the front of the bed board are limited through a front pressing plate, the front of the bed frame and the front pressing plate are fixed through screws, the rear of the bed frame and the rear of the bed board are limited through a rear pressing plate, the rear of the bed frame and the rear pressing plate are fixed through screws, a circuit board is embedded in the bed board and connected with a sensor, the circuit board is provided with 96 collecting points, and the collecting points are connected with comb-shaped electrodes.

2. The nursing bed system based on distributed sensing array as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sensors have CD4067 chips, the number of the CD4067 chips is 6, and the CD4067 chips are connected with 74HCl38 chips.

3. The nursing bed system based on distributed sensing arrays as claimed in claim 2, wherein the sensor has a control unit Arduino, the control unit Arduino has an Arduino serial port, an FC communication interface and an SPI communication interface, the serial port is connected between two devices for bidirectional communication, and the FC communication interface and the SPI communication interface are connected between a set of devices for master-slave communication.

4. The nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array as claimed in claim 3, wherein the transmission speed of the SPI communication interface is higher than that of the FC communication interface, the FC communication interface is a serial bus consisting of a data line SDA and a clock line SCL, the serial bus is connected in parallel with a group of devices, and the devices are a master controller or a slave controller, a transmitter or a receiver.

5. The nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array as claimed in claim 3, wherein the bed board is provided with 3 pressure distributed sensors at the position where the upper half of the body lies, one of the sensors is a master Arduino, the other two sensors are a slave Arduino A and a slave Arduino B, the master Arduino is connected with the slave Arduino A and the slave Arduino B, the master Arduino is connected with a serial port, and the serial port is connected with a raspberry.

6. The nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array according to claim 1, wherein the bed board comprises a back-raising board, a left turning board, a right turning board and a leg bending board, the back-raising board is connected with the left turning board and the right turning board through hinges, the left turning board is connected with the right turning board through hinges, the right turning board is in contact with a linear motor, the linear motor is controlled through a remote controller, the left turning board is connected with the right turning board through a driving rod to form a linear motor, the back-raising board is connected with a linear motor, the leg bending board is connected with a linear motor, the last linear motor controls the opening and closing of the bed pan, and 4 linear motors adjust the posture of the nursing bed.

7. The nursing bed system based on the distributed sensing array as claimed in claim 6, wherein 4 linear motors are all connected with a controller, the controller comprises a single chip microcomputer AT89C5l, the single chip microcomputer AT89C5l is connected with a relay and a wired remote controller, the wired remote controller is provided with a back lifting control key, a back leveling control key, a left side turning control key, a right side turning control key, a leg bending control key, a leg leveling control key, a bedpan opening control key and a bedpan closing control key, and the wired remote controller has 4 signal lines which are connected with a P2.4 pin, a P2.5 pin, a P2.6 pin and a P2.7 pin of the single chip microcomputer AT89C5 l.

8. The system as claimed in claim 7, wherein the wired remote controller has an external control unit Arduino UNO, and an external DC power supply of the external control unit Arduino UNO supplies power through a power interface; the power supply is directly connected with VIN and GND pins of the power supply connector; the power is directly supplied through a USB interface, and the external control unit Arduino UNO is connected with a serial port, an IIC communication interface and an SPI communication interface.