CN110839368A - Plant growth bag device for slope ecological restoration, protective structure and construction method - Google Patents
Plant growth bag device for slope ecological restoration, protective structure and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110839368A CN110839368A CN201910872234.8A CN201910872234A CN110839368A CN 110839368 A CN110839368 A CN 110839368A CN 201910872234 A CN201910872234 A CN 201910872234A CN 110839368 A CN110839368 A CN 110839368A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/04—Arranging seed on carriers, e.g. on tapes, on cords ; Carrier compositions
- A01C1/046—Carrier compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0006—Plastics
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0026—Metals
- E02D2300/0029—Steel; Iron
- E02D2300/0034—Steel; Iron in wire form
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0045—Composites
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
A plant biological bag device for slope ecological restoration, a protective structure and a construction method are provided, the plant biological bag device comprises a plant biological bag body, wood pulp paper, a seed layer, a coconut fiber net and a bag sewing line or a self-locking type tying belt, the plant biological bag body is made of hemp material; the construction method comprises the following steps: compacting and flattening the slope; loading the plants into a plant growth bag device; laying the plant growth bag device on the slope; drilling holes at the toe foundation and the slope top shoulder protector, and embedding expansion bolts with hooks in the holes; laying a steel wire mesh on the outer surface of the plant-growing bag device, and tensioning and fixing the steel wire mesh on a slope body; and a plurality of plant growth bag devices are anchored on the slope body by anchor rods. The plant growth bag device has high stability on the side slope and large meshes, and is favorable for the germination and growth of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous herbaceous plants; meanwhile, the material and size of the hemp plant biological bag are improved, the single-cavity or double-cavity hemp plant biological bag is adopted, and a protective structure and a construction method based on the plant biological bag device are improved, so that the manual construction efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of slope ecological restoration, in particular to a plant biological bag device for slope ecological restoration, a protective structure and a construction method.
Background
When slope protection is carried out, the protection effect of the slope cannot be ensured only by depending on physical engineering, and the application of ecological restoration measures is also emphasized, so that the quality of the ecological environment of the slope is improved, and the visual effect of the slope landscape engineering is improved. The application of the ecological restoration technology can not only play a good role in protection, improve the quality of engineering environment, coordinate the slope protection with the environmental protection, but also reduce the economic cost of slope protection treatment. In the ecological restoration of the side slope, the concepts of respecting the nature and restoring the ecology are established, and the self-supporting, self-organizing and self-restoration of the ecological protection engineering are realized. The greening construction of the high-speed railway base slope is an important content of a green railway, and the current main technical trend is to reduce the using amount of reinforced concrete and increase the plant protection content on the premise of ensuring the structure safety.
The vegetation bag slope vegetation restoration system is characterized in that vegetation soil is filled in vegetation bags, and the vegetation bags, connecting buckles, anchor rods, reinforced grids and other members are connected with one another according to a certain rule to form a stable soft slope, so that the slope can be stabilized, and plants can grow rapidly. The planting soil in the plant growing bag can provide a soil environment for various herbaceous and woody plants to grow well, is not easy to lose, is simple and easy to construct, is piled into any shape fitting a slope body, is suitable for stabilizing slope soil slopes with the slope not greater than 1:1.5, and has ideal vegetation growth condition. The existing plant growing bags are made of non-woven geotextile of plastic products, so that the cost is high, the degradation speed is slow, a certain influence is caused on the ecological environment, the texture of the existing non-woven plant growing bag is dense, the germination of internal seeds is not facilitated, and particularly dicotyledonous herbaceous plants are difficult to grow. With the development of economy, the construction requirements and efficiency of the plant growth bag device are higher and higher.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a plant biological bag device, a protective structure and a construction method for slope ecological restoration. The bag body of the plant biological bag is made of hemp materials to form the hemp plant biological bag, the hemp materials are environment-friendly materials, and have the advantages of high strength, small elongation, wear resistance, antibiosis, moisture absorption, ventilation and the like, the friction coefficient of the hemp plant biological bag and a side slope soil body is large (not less than 0.59), the stability on the side slope is high, and meshes are large, so that the germination and growth of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous herbaceous plants are facilitated; meanwhile, the material and size of the hemp plant biological bag are improved, the single-cavity or double-cavity hemp plant biological bag is adopted, and a protective structure and a construction method based on the plant biological bag device are improved, so that the manual construction efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a plant biological bag device for slope ecological restoration, which comprises a plant biological bag body, wood pulp paper, a seed layer, a coconut fiber net and a bag sewing line or a self-locking tying belt;
the bag body of the plant growth bag is made of hemp material;
adhering wood pulp paper on any surface inside the bag body of the plant growth bag, adhering a seed layer on the wood pulp paper, and adhering a coconut fiber net on the seed layer;
the bag opening of the plant growth bag body is sealed by a bag sewing line or a self-locking tying belt.
Further, the plant growth bag device is a single-cavity plant growth bag device or a double-cavity plant growth bag device;
the hemp material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of polypropylene, 10-30 parts of flax, 6-18 parts of plastic anti-aging agent, 3-19 parts of curing agent, 5-17 parts of plastic reinforcing agent and 6-20 parts of pentaerythritol phosphate;
the wood pulp paper is latticed wood pulp paper, and a seed layer is adhered to grid lines of the wood pulp paper;
the coconut fiber net is made of coconut shells and latex, and is soaked in plant nutrient solution for 36-48 hours before use.
Further, the hemp material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of polypropylene, 25 parts of flax, 7 parts of plastic anti-aging agent, 5 parts of curing agent, 6 parts of plastic reinforcing agent and 9 parts of pentaerythritol phosphate;
the surface density of the hemp material is not less than 250g/m2The longitudinal and transverse breaking strength is not less than 15kN/m, the longitudinal and transverse breaking elongation is 5-20%, the CBR bursting strength is not less than 1.4kN, the longitudinal and transverse tearing strength is not less than 0.2kN, the equivalent pore diameter O95 is 0.20-0.50 m, and the density of the seed layer surface is less than 50g/m2。
The uvioresistant capability of the plant growth bag body, the bag sewing line and the self-locking type tying belt is as follows: the tensile strength retention rate is not less than 85 percent when the film is irradiated by ultraviolet rays for 500 hours.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a protective structure for plant growth bags for slope ecological restoration, in which the plant growth bag device is applied, and the protective structure comprises: the plant-growing bag device comprises a slope body, a plant-growing bag device, a steel wire mesh, an expansion bolt with a hook and an anchor rod;
the slope body comprises a slope surface, a framework, a slope toe foundation, a slope top shoulder protector and a water retaining edge;
the plant growth bag devices are tightly attached to the slope surface and are transversely and uniformly stacked in multiple rows;
the steel wire mesh is laid on the outer surfaces of the plant growth bag devices and is fixed on the toe foundation and the slope top shoulder protector through the hook expansion bolts;
the steel wire mesh and the plant-growing bag devices are fixed on the other positions of the slope body except the slope toe foundation and the slope top shoulder protector through a plurality of anchor rods.
Furthermore, holes are formed in the toe base and the top shoulder protector, and a plurality of expansion bolts with hooks are embedded in the holes;
and a plurality of anchor rods are embedded in a plurality of holes at other positions of the slope toe removing foundation and the slope top shoulder protecting shoulder of the slope body.
Further, a solid slurry layer is poured in the holes of the toe foundation and the toe shoulder protector and the holes of the other positions of the toe foundation and the toe shoulder protector of the slope body.
Furthermore, the deviation of the flatness of the slope surface of the slope body is not more than 30mm/3m, and the height of the framework is 5-8 cm.
Further, the two adjacent transverse rows of plant growth bag devices are alternately laid on the slope surface or each plant growth bag device of a higher layer in the two adjacent transverse rows of plant growth bag devices is partially overlapped and placed on each plant growth bag device of a corresponding lower layer;
any inner side of the adhesive wood pulp paper and the seed layer of the plant growth bag device faces upwards.
Furthermore, the steel wire mesh is a galvanized steel wire mesh, the galvanizing grade is not lower than the AB grade, the diameter of the steel wire is not less than 2.5mm, and the mesh diameter of the steel wire mesh is 5cm multiplied by 5 cm-6 cm multiplied by 6 cm.
Furthermore, the anchor rods are made of HRB400 phi 20 steel bars, the distance between every two adjacent anchor rods is 1-2 m, the length of each anchor rod is not less than 1.5m, the diameters phi of holes in other positions of the slope removing foot foundation and the slope top shoulder protector of the slope body are 46-52 mm, and the hole depths of the holes in other positions of the slope removing foot foundation and the slope top shoulder protector of the slope body are 5-8 cm deeper than the corresponding anchoring depths.
The third aspect of the invention provides a construction method of a plant growth bag protection structure, which comprises the following steps:
removing sundries and weeds on the slope body, compacting and flattening;
mixing organic chemical fertilizer, water-retaining agent and soil conditioner into planting soil, uniformly mixing the planting soil with the organic chemical fertilizer, the water-retaining agent and the soil conditioner, loading the mixture into a plant growth bag device, and sealing the plant growth bag device;
constructing a framework on the slope surface of the slope body and pouring concrete;
laying a plant growth bag device filled with uniformly mixed planting soil, organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and soil conditioner on the slope surface of the slope body, and tamping the top and the side of the plant growth bag device;
constructing slope top shoulder protectors and water retaining edges;
drilling holes at a toe base and a top shoulder pad, embedding expansion bolts with hooks in the holes at the toe base and the top shoulder pad, drilling holes at other positions of the toe base and the top shoulder pad of the slope body, and pouring solid slurry layers in the holes at the toe base and the top shoulder pad and in the holes at other positions of the toe base and the top shoulder pad;
laying steel wire meshes on the outer surfaces of the plurality of plant-growing bag devices after the laying, and tensioning and fixing the steel wire meshes on a slope toe foundation and a slope top shoulder protector of the slope body by using the expansion bolts with the hooks;
anchoring the plant-growing bag devices and the steel wire mesh on the slope body by using anchor rods, and embedding the anchor rods into holes in other positions of a slope base and a slope top shoulder protector of the slope body, wherein a slurry layer is poured;
and (5) checking the natural settlement and compaction condition of the plant growth bag device and the plant growth condition.
Further, the plant-growing bag device that will adorn even mix planting soil and organic chemical fertilizer, water-retaining agent, soil amendment is laid on the domatic of slope body to the step of ramming the top and the side of beating plant-growing bag device includes:
tightly attaching plant bag devices filled with uniformly mixed planting soil, organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and soil conditioner to a slope surface, uniformly stacking the plant bag devices on the slope surface from low to high, tamping the top and the side surfaces of the plant bag devices after stacking a transverse row of plant bag devices, compacting the stacked plant bag devices, and continuously stacking the transverse next row;
and alternately laying two adjacent transverse rows of plant growth bag devices or partially overlapping each plant growth bag device of a higher layer in the two adjacent transverse rows of plant growth bag devices on each plant growth bag device of a lower layer correspondingly, and enabling any one surface of the inner parts of the adhesive wood pulp paper and the seed layer to face upwards.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the bag body of the plant biological bag is made of hemp materials to form the hemp plant biological bag, the hemp materials are environment-friendly materials, the friction coefficient of the hemp plant biological bag and the side slope is large (not less than 0.59), the stability on the side slope is high, and the meshes are large, so that the germination and growth of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous herbaceous plants are facilitated; meanwhile, the material and size of the hemp plant biological bag are improved, the single-cavity or double-cavity hemp plant biological bag is adopted, and a protective structure and a construction method based on the plant biological bag device are improved, so that the manual construction efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the plant growth bag device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the single-chamber plant growth bag apparatus of the present invention prior to loading soil;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the single-chamber plant-growing bag device after loading soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the dual chamber plant growth bag prior to loading soil of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the double-chamber plant-growing bag device after loading soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the plant growth bag protection structure for slope restoration of the present invention;
fig. 7(a) is a cross-sectional view of two adjacent transverse rows of plant growth bag devices of the plant growth bag protection structure for slope restoration of the invention alternately laid on a slope surface;
fig. 7(b) is a cross-sectional view of each plant growth bag device of one higher layer in two adjacent transverse rows of plant growth bag devices of the plant growth bag protective structure for slope restoration according to the present invention partially overlapped on each plant growth bag device of the corresponding lower layer;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of a method of constructing the plant growth bag device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plant growth bag device for slope ecological restoration, as shown in fig. 1, the plant growth bag device 100 includes a plant growth bag body 110, wood pulp paper 120, a seed layer 130, a coconut fiber net 140, and a bag sewing line or a self-locking tying band.
The bag body 110 of the plant growth bag is made of hemp materials, and the hemp materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of polypropylene, 10-30 parts of flax, 6-18 parts of plastic anti-aging agent, 3-19 parts of curing agent, 5-17 parts of plastic reinforcing agent and 6-20 parts of pentaerythritol phosphate.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the plant growth bag device can be configured as a single-cavity plant growth bag device; it can also be provided as a double-cavity, double-cavity plant-growing bag device, as shown in fig. 4 and 5. The wood pulp paper 120 is adhered to any surface inside the plant biological bag body 110, the seed layer 130 is adhered to the wood pulp paper 120, and the coconut fiber net 140 is adhered to the seed layer 130. The coconut fiber net 140 is made of coconut shell and latex, and the coconut fiber net 140 is soaked in the plant nutrient solution for 36-48 hours before use.
The coconut fiber net 140 is made of coconut shells and latex, and by utilizing the characteristic of strong water absorption of the coconut fiber net 140, the coconut fiber net 140 is soaked in the plant nutrient solution for 36-48 hours before use, and then the coconut fiber net 140 is taken out, so that the plant nutrient solution is wrapped on the coconut fiber net 140, and therefore the plant nutrient solution on the coconut fiber net 140 is placed between the seed layer 130 and the planting soil, and the better growth of the seeds is facilitated.
Preferably, the hemp material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of polypropylene, 25 parts of flax, 7 parts of plastic anti-aging agent, 5 parts of curing agent, 6 parts of plastic reinforcing agent and 9 parts of pentaerythritol phosphate.
The planting bag body 110 is filled with planting soil to provide a plant growth substrate. Specifically, the planting soil suitable for plant growth is mixed with an organic fertilizer, a water-retaining agent and a soil conditioner, uniformly mixed and filled into a planting bag, and the planting soil does not contain weathered rocks.
The bag mouth of the plant biological bag body 110 is sealed by a bag sewing thread or a self-locking tying belt, and the ultraviolet resistance of the bag sewing thread or the self-locking tying belt is as follows: the tensile strength retention rate is not less than 85 percent when the film is irradiated by ultraviolet rays for 500 hours.
In particular toThe surface density of the hemp material used for the plant growth bag body 110 is not less than 250g/m2The longitudinal and transverse breaking strength is not less than 15kN/m, the longitudinal and transverse breaking elongation is 5-20%, the CBR bursting strength is not less than 1.4kN, the longitudinal and transverse tearing strength is not less than 0.2kN, the equivalent pore diameter O95 is 0.20-0.50 m, and the density of the seed layer surface is less than 50g/m2The anti-ultraviolet capability of the hemp material is as follows: the tensile strength retention rate is not less than 85 percent when the film is irradiated by ultraviolet rays for 500 hours.
The seed layer 130 of the plant growth bag device 100 has good water permeability and surface density less than 50g/m2. The length of the single-cavity plant-growing bag device before soil loading is 70 cm-90 cm, and the width is 50 cm-70 cm; the thickness of the single-cavity plant-growing bag device 100 after soil filling is 10 cm-20 cm, as shown in fig. 3. The length of the double-cavity plant biological bag body before filling soil is 70 cm-90 cm, and the width is 60 cm-80 cm; the double-cavity plant growth bag body is 10-20 cm thick after being filled with soil, and is shown in figure 5.
In conclusion, the present invention provides a detailed description of a plant growth bag device for ecological restoration of a side slope.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a plant growth bag protection structure for ecological restoration of a side slope, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, comprising: the plant-growing bag device 100, the slope body 200, the expansion bolt with hook 300, the anchor rod 400 and the steel wire mesh 500.
The slope body 200 comprises a slope surface 210, a slope toe foundation 220, a slope top shoulder protector 230, a water retaining edge 240 and a framework 250;
the plurality of plant growth bag devices 100 are tightly attached to the slope surface and are uniformly stacked into a plurality of transverse rows of plant growth bag devices, as shown in fig. 7(a), two adjacent rows of plant growth bag devices 100 are alternatively laid on the slope surface 210, or as shown in fig. 7(b), each plant growth bag device of a higher layer of the two adjacent rows of plant growth bag devices 100 is partially overlapped and placed on each plant growth bag device of a corresponding lower layer; the inner sides of the adhesive wood pulp paper 120 and the seed layer 130 face upwards, so that the seeds can germinate and grow conveniently; the bag mouth of the plant-growing bag device 100 with the sewed bag line or the self-locking tying belt faces the inner side of the slope surface of the side slope;
holes are arranged at the slope toe foundation 220 and the slope top shoulder protector 230, and expansion bolts 300 with hooks are embedded in the holes; a plurality of holes are also formed in other positions of the toe removal foundation 220 and the top shoulder protector 230 of the slope body 200, and a plurality of anchor rods 400 are embedded in the holes in other positions of the toe removal foundation 220 and the top shoulder protector 230 of the slope body 200; and pouring a solid slurry layer in all the holes.
The steel wire mesh 500 is laid on the outer surfaces of the plant-growing bag devices 100, and the steel wire mesh 500 is fixed on the toe base 220 and the top shoulder protector 230 by the expansion bolts 300 with hooks.
The anchor rods 400 are used for fixing the plant biological bag devices 100 and the steel wire meshes 500 on other positions of the toe removal foundation 220 and the slope top shoulder protector 230 of the slope body 200, and the anchor rods 400 are buried in holes in other positions of the toe removal foundation 220 and the slope top shoulder protector 230 of the slope body 200 in which the solid cement layer is poured.
Specifically, the deviation of the flatness of the slope surface of the slope body is not more than 30mm/3m, and the height of the framework is 5-8 cm.
Specifically, the hooked expansion bolt 300 is an M8 hooked expansion bolt (phi 8 rebar).
Specifically, the steel wire mesh is a galvanized steel wire mesh, the galvanizing grade is not lower than the AB grade, the diameter of the steel wire is not smaller than 2.5mm, the diameter of meshes of the steel wire mesh is 5cm multiplied by 5 cm-6 cm multiplied by 6cm, and the connecting points between the meshes of the steel wire mesh are in three-hinged connection.
Specifically, the anchor rods 400 are made of HRB400 phi 20 steel bars, the distance between every two adjacent anchor rods 400 is 1-2 m, the length of each anchor rod 400 is not less than 2m, the diameter phi of holes in other positions of the slope removing foot foundation and the slope top shoulder protector on the slope body is 46-52 mm, and the depth of the holes in other positions of the slope removing foot foundation and the slope top shoulder protector on the slope body is 5-8 cm deeper than the corresponding anchoring depth.
The exposed parts of the expansion bolt with hook 300 and the anchor rod 400 are subjected to rust prevention treatment by coating antirust paint on the outside.
In conclusion, the invention provides a detailed description of a plant growth bag protection structure for slope ecological restoration.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a method for constructing a plant growth bag device for slope ecological restoration, as shown in fig. 8, the method comprising the steps of:
and S100, removing sundries and weeds on the slope body, compacting and leveling.
The slope surface of the side slope constructed by the plant-growing bag device is smooth, and the deviation of the flatness of the slope surface is not more than 30mm/3 m.
Step S200, organic chemical fertilizer, water-retaining agent and soil conditioner are mixed into planting soil, the organic chemical fertilizer, the water-retaining agent and the soil conditioner are uniformly mixed, the mixture is loaded into a plant growth bag device, and the plant growth bag device is sealed.
In particular, the planting soil cannot be weathered rock.
And S300, constructing a framework on the slope surface of the slope body and pouring concrete.
Specifically, the height of the framework is 5-8 cm.
And S400, paving the plant growth bag device filled with the uniformly mixed planting soil, the organic fertilizer, the water-retaining agent and the soil conditioner on the slope surface of the slope body, and tamping the top and the side of the plant growth bag device.
Specifically, plant biological bag devices filled with uniformly mixed plant soil, organic chemical fertilizer, water-retaining agent and soil conditioner are tightly attached to a slope surface, the plant biological bag devices are uniformly stacked from low to high on the slope surface, the top and the side surfaces of the plant biological bag devices are tamped after a row of transverse plant biological bag devices are stacked, the stacked plant biological bag devices are compacted, and then the row of transverse plant biological bag devices is continuously stacked;
specifically, two adjacent transverse rows of plant growth bag devices are alternately laid or each plant growth bag device of a higher layer in the two adjacent transverse rows of plant growth bag devices is partially overlapped and placed on each plant growth bag device of a corresponding lower layer, and any one surface of the inner part of the adhesive wood pulp paper and the seed layer is upward, so that the germination and growth of seeds are facilitated;
the bag opening of the plant-growing bag device with the sewed bag line or the self-locking tying belt faces the inner side of the slope;
when the plant growth bag device is laid in the framework, the stability of the plant growth bag device is ensured, and the plant growth bag device does not collapse or bulge.
And S500, constructing slope top shoulder protectors and water retaining edges.
Step S600, drilling holes in the toe and the top of the slope, embedding expansion bolts with hooks in the holes in the toe and the top of the slope, drilling holes in other positions of the toe and the top of the slope, and pouring solid slurry layers in the holes in the toe and the top of the slope and in other positions of the toe and the top of the slope.
Specifically, the expansion bolt with the hook is an M8 expansion bolt with the hook (phi 8 steel bar), and the exposed part of the M8 expansion bolt with the hook (phi 8 steel bar) is subjected to rust prevention treatment by adopting an external anti-rust paint.
And S700, paving steel wire meshes on the outer surfaces of the plurality of plant-growing bag devices after the paving, and tensioning and fixing the steel wire meshes on a slope toe foundation and a slope top shoulder pad of the slope body by using the expansion bolts with the hooks.
Specifically, the steel wire mesh is a galvanized steel wire mesh, the galvanizing grade is not lower than the AB grade, the diameter of the steel wire is not smaller than 2.5mm, the diameter of meshes of the steel wire mesh is 5cm multiplied by 5 cm-6 cm multiplied by 6cm, and the connecting points between the meshes of the steel wire mesh are in three-hinged connection.
And S800, anchoring the plant-growing bag devices and the steel wire mesh on the slope body by using anchor rods, and embedding the anchor rods into holes in other positions of a slope toe removing foundation and a slope top shoulder protector of the slope body, wherein a slurry fixing layer is poured.
Specifically, the anchor rods are made of HRB400 phi 20 steel bars, the distance between every two adjacent anchor rods is 1-2 m, the length of each anchor rod is not less than 2m, the diameter phi of holes in other positions of the slope toe removing foundation and the slope top shoulder protector on the slope body is 46-52 mm, and the hole depth of the holes in other positions of the slope toe removing foundation and the slope top shoulder protector of the slope body is 5-8 cm deeper than the anchoring depth. The exposed part of the anchor rod is subjected to rust prevention treatment by adopting outer coating of rust-proof paint.
Thereby achieving the anchoring protection of the plurality of plant growth bag devices.
Specifically, the plant growth bag device does not need anchoring when the laying height is below 3m, and one layer of anchoring system is added for every 3 m.
The slope with a slow slope (the slope ratio is not more than 1:1.5) does not need anchoring, and for the slope with a steep slope (the slope ratio is more than or equal to 1:1.5), the stability of the planted biological bag device after stacking can be better ensured by anchor rod anchoring.
And S900, checking the natural settling and compacting condition of the plant growth bag device and the plant growth condition.
Specifically, after the plant biological bag device is laid for a period of time, if a settlement gap is found between the top of the framework and the plant biological bag device, the plant biological bag device is timely filled to enable the protective structure to be compact, and when the gap area is less than the area of one plant biological bag device, the plant biological bag device is filled in the plant biological bag device with the corresponding gap area according to the actual situation on site; after the slope is formed, if the seedling shortage phenomenon is found, replanting and reseeding are carried out in time.
The hemp plant biological bag for slope ecological restoration and the construction method of the invention are specifically described in the following with a specific embodiment.
The double-cavity plant-growing bag device is made of hemp materials, the two cavities are separated by the hemp materials, and the hemp materials for separating the two cavities are sewn on the body of the plant-growing bag by sewing threads. Adhering wood pulp paper on any surface inside the plant growth bag body, adhering a seed layer on the wood pulp paper, adhering a coconut fiber net on the seed layer, uniformly mixing the planting soil suitable for plant growth with organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and soil conditioner, and filling the mixture into a double-cavity plant growth bag device, wherein the bag opening of the double-cavity plant growth bag device is sealed by adopting a bag sewing line.
The hemp material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of polypropylene, 45 parts of flax, 7 parts of plastic anti-aging agent, 3 parts of curing agent, 6 parts of plastic reinforcing agent and 9 parts of pentaerythritol phosphate.
The surface density of hemp material used for the bag body of the plant growth bag is 260g/m2The longitudinal and transverse breaking strength is 16kN/m, the longitudinal and transverse breaking elongation is 16%, the CBR bursting strength is 1.5kN, the longitudinal and transverse tearing strength is 0.23kN, the equivalent pore diameter O95 is 0.25m, and the ultraviolet resistance of the hemp material is as follows: the tensile strength retention rate is 89% after the ultraviolet irradiation for 500 hours. The coconut fiber net 140 is made of coconut shell and latex, and the coconut fiber net 140 is soaked in the plant nutrient solution for 42 hours before use.
The density of the seed layer of the double-cavity plant growth bag device is 39g/m2The length of the double-cavity plant biological bag body before filling soil is 76cm, and the width is 69 cm; the thickness of the double-cavity plant biological bag body is 15cm after soil is filled in the double-cavity plant biological bag body.
The double-cavity plant-growing bag device is applied to slope ecological restoration construction.
Compacting and flattening the side slope and removing sundry weeds, wherein the deviation of the flatness of the side slope is 22mm/3 m; mixing organic chemical fertilizer, water-retaining agent and soil conditioner in planting soil, uniformly mixing the planting soil, the organic chemical fertilizer, the water-retaining agent and the soil conditioner, loading the mixture into a double-cavity plant growth bag device, and sealing the double-cavity plant growth bag device; constructing a framework on the slope surface and pouring concrete, wherein the height of the framework is 6 cm; the double-cavity plant-growth bag devices are tightly attached to the slope surface and are uniformly stacked from low to high, the top and the side surfaces of the double-cavity plant-growth bag devices are tamped after a row of transverse double-cavity plant-growth bag devices are stacked, the stacked double-cavity plant-growth bag devices are compacted, a next row of transverse double-cavity plant-growth bag devices are stacked continuously, the two rows of adjacent transverse double-cavity plant-growth bag devices are paved in a staggered mode or each plant-growth bag device of a higher layer in the two rows of adjacent transverse double-cavity plant-growth bag devices is partially overlapped on each plant-growth bag device of a lower layer, any one side of the inner parts of the adhesive wood pulp paper and the seed layer is upward, and the bag openings of the double-cavity plant-growth bag devices with the sewed bags; constructing slope top shoulder protectors and water retaining edges; drilling holes at the toe foundation and the top shoulder protector, drilling holes at other positions of the toe foundation and the top shoulder protector on the slope body, and pouring a solid slurry layer in the holes; laying a steel wire mesh on the outer surfaces of a plurality of plant biological bag devices after laying, wherein the steel wire mesh is a galvanized steel wire mesh, the galvanizing grade is AB grade, the diameter of the steel wire is 2.6mm, the mesh diameter of the steel wire mesh is 5cm multiplied by 5cm, hooked expansion bolts are embedded in holes at a toe foundation and a slope top shoulder protector, the steel wire mesh is tensioned and fixed on the toe foundation and the slope top shoulder protector by the hooked expansion bolts, then the plant biological bag devices and the steel wire mesh anchors are fixed in holes at other positions of the toe foundation and the slope top shoulder protector on a slope body by anchor rods, the anchor rods are embedded in holes at other positions of the toe foundation and the slope top shoulder protector on the slope body in which a solid slurry layer is poured, the hooked expansion bolts are M8 hooked expansion bolts (phi 8), the anchor rods are HRB400 phi 20 steel bars, the distance between every two adjacent anchor rods is 2M, the length of the anchor rods is 1.5M, and the diameter of the holes at other positions of the toe foundation and the slope top shoulder protector on the slope body is 49mm, the hole depths of the slope removing foot base and the slope top shoulder protector on the slope body are 5cm deeper than the corresponding anchoring depths. Thereby realizing the anchoring protection of a plurality of plant growth bag devices.
When the plant biological bag device is laid for 30 days, the condition that a settlement gap is formed between the top of the framework and the plant biological bag device is checked, the place where the settlement gap is formed is few, and the plant biological bag device is timely filled at the place where the gap is formed so that the protective structure is compact; the plant growth condition is good, and the replanting is carried out on the part with the seedling shortage phenomenon; for a side slope with a steep slope (the slope ratio is more than or equal to 1:1.5), the stability of the piled plant biological bag device can be better ensured.
In conclusion, the invention provides a plant-growing bag device for slope ecological restoration, a protective structure and a construction method, wherein the plant-growing bag device comprises a plant-growing bag body, wood pulp paper, a seed layer, a coconut fiber net and a bag sewing line or a self-locking tying belt, and the plant-growing bag body is made of hemp materials; the construction method comprises the following steps: compacting and flattening the slope; loading the plants into a plant growth bag device; laying the plant biological bag device on the slope, and tamping the top and the side of the plant biological bag device; drilling holes at the toe foundation and the slope top shoulder protector, and embedding expansion bolts with hooks in the holes; laying a steel wire mesh on the outer surface of the plant-growing bag device, and tensioning and fixing the steel wire mesh on a slope body; and a plurality of plant growth bag devices are anchored on the slope body by anchor rods. The plant growth bag device has high stability on the side slope and large meshes, and is favorable for the germination and growth of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous herbaceous plants; meanwhile, the material and size of the hemp plant biological bag are improved, the single-cavity or double-cavity hemp plant biological bag is adopted, and a protective structure and a construction method based on the plant biological bag device are improved, so that the manual construction efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or illustrative of the principles of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a side slope ecological remediation's plant biological bagging apparatus which characterized in that: the plant biological bag device comprises a plant biological bag body, wood pulp paper, a seed layer, a coconut fiber net and a bag sewing line or a self-locking tying belt;
the bag body of the plant growth bag is made of hemp material;
adhering wood pulp paper on any surface inside the bag body of the plant growth bag, adhering a seed layer on the wood pulp paper, and adhering a coconut fiber net on the seed layer;
the bag opening of the plant growth bag body is sealed by a bag sewing line or a self-locking tying belt.
2. A plant growth bag apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the plant-growing bag device is a single-cavity plant-growing bag device or a double-cavity plant-growing bag device;
the hemp material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-70 parts of polypropylene, 10-30 parts of flax, 6-18 parts of plastic anti-aging agent, 3-19 parts of curing agent, 5-17 parts of plastic reinforcing agent and 6-20 parts of pentaerythritol phosphate;
the wood pulp paper is latticed wood pulp paper, and a seed layer is adhered to grid lines of the wood pulp paper;
the coconut fiber net is made of coconut shells and latex, and is soaked in plant nutrient solution for 36-48 hours before use.
3. A plant growth bag apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the hemp material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts of polypropylene, 25 parts of flax, 7 parts of plastic anti-aging agent, 5 parts of curing agent, 6 parts of plastic reinforcing agent and 9 parts of pentaerythritol phosphate;
the surface density of the hemp material is not less than 250g/m2The longitudinal and transverse breaking strength is not less than 15kN/m, the longitudinal and transverse breaking elongation is 5-20%, the CBR bursting strength is not less than 1.4kN, the longitudinal and transverse tearing strength is not less than 0.2kN, the equivalent pore diameter O95 is 0.20-0.50 m, and the density of the seed layer surface is less than 50g/m2；
The uvioresistant capability of the plant growth bag body, the bag sewing line and the self-locking type tying belt is as follows: the tensile strength retention rate is not less than 85 percent when the film is irradiated by ultraviolet rays for 500 hours.
4. The utility model provides a side slope ecological remediation's plant biological bag protective structure which characterized in that includes: a slope body, a steel wire mesh, an expansion bolt with a hook, an anchor rod and the plant growth bag device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3;
the slope body comprises a slope surface, a framework, a slope toe foundation, a slope top shoulder protector and a water retaining edge;
the plant growth bag devices are tightly attached to the slope surface and are transversely and uniformly stacked in multiple rows;
the steel wire mesh is laid on the outer surfaces of the plant growth bag devices and is fixed on the toe foundation and the slope top shoulder protector through the hook expansion bolts;
the steel wire mesh and the plant-growing bag devices are fixed on the other positions of the slope body except the slope toe foundation and the slope top shoulder protector through a plurality of anchor rods.
5. The vegetation bag protection structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein holes are provided at the toe base and the top shoulder protector, and a plurality of expansion bolts with hooks are embedded in the holes;
and a plurality of anchor rods are embedded in a plurality of holes at other positions of the slope toe removing foundation and the slope top shoulder protecting shoulder of the slope body.
6. The vegetation bag protective structure as claimed in claim 5, wherein a grout layer is poured into the holes of the toe and the crest shoulder protectors and the holes of the bodies except the toe and the crest shoulder protectors.
7. The plant growth bag protection structure according to claim 6, wherein two adjacent transverse rows of the plant growth bag devices are alternately laid on the slope surface or each plant growth bag device of one higher layer in the two adjacent transverse rows of the plant growth bag devices is partially overlapped on each plant growth bag device of the corresponding lower layer;
any inner side of the adhesive wood pulp paper and the seed layer of the plant growth bag device faces upwards.
8. A vegetation bag protection structure as claimed in claim 7, wherein the wire mesh is galvanized wire mesh, the galvanization level is not lower than AB level, the diameter of the wire is not less than 2.5mm, and the mesh diameter of the wire mesh is 5cm x 5 cm-6 cm x 6 cm.
The anchor rods are made of HRB400 phi 20 steel bars, the distance between every two adjacent anchor rods is 1-2 m, the length of each anchor rod is not less than 1.5m, the diameter phi of holes in other positions of the slope removing foot foundation and the slope top shoulder protector of the slope body is 46-52 mm, and the hole depth of the holes in other positions of the slope removing foot foundation and the slope top shoulder protector of the slope body is 5-8 cm deeper than the corresponding anchoring depth.
9. A construction method of a plant growth bag protection structure according to claims 4-8, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
removing sundries and weeds on the slope body, compacting and flattening;
mixing organic chemical fertilizer, water-retaining agent and soil conditioner into planting soil, uniformly mixing the planting soil with the organic chemical fertilizer, the water-retaining agent and the soil conditioner, loading the mixture into a plant growth bag device, and sealing the plant growth bag device;
constructing a framework on the slope surface of the slope body and pouring concrete;
laying a plant growth bag device filled with uniformly mixed planting soil, organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and soil conditioner on the slope surface of the slope body, and tamping the top and the side of the plant growth bag device;
constructing slope top shoulder protectors and water retaining edges;
drilling holes at a toe base and a top shoulder pad, embedding expansion bolts with hooks in the holes at the toe base and the top shoulder pad, drilling holes at other positions of the toe base and the top shoulder pad of the slope body, and pouring solid slurry layers in the holes at the toe base and the top shoulder pad and in the holes at other positions of the toe base and the top shoulder pad;
laying steel wire meshes on the outer surfaces of the plurality of plant-growing bag devices after the laying, and tensioning and fixing the steel wire meshes on a slope toe foundation and a slope top shoulder protector of the slope body by using the expansion bolts with the hooks;
anchoring the plant-growing bag devices and the steel wire mesh on the slope body by using anchor rods, and embedding the anchor rods into holes in other positions of a slope base and a slope top shoulder protector of the slope body, wherein a slurry layer is poured;
and (5) checking the natural settlement and compaction condition of the plant growth bag device and the plant growth condition.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of laying the plant growth bag device filled with the uniformly mixed plant soil, the organic fertilizer, the water retention agent and the soil conditioner on the slope surface of the slope body and tamping the top and the side surfaces of the plant growth bag device comprises:
tightly attaching plant bag devices filled with uniformly mixed planting soil, organic fertilizer, water-retaining agent and soil conditioner to a slope surface, uniformly stacking the plant bag devices on the slope surface from low to high, tamping the top and the side surfaces of the plant bag devices after stacking a transverse row of plant bag devices, compacting the stacked plant bag devices, and continuously stacking the transverse next row;
and alternately laying two adjacent transverse rows of plant growth bag devices or partially overlapping each plant growth bag device of a higher layer in the two adjacent transverse rows of plant growth bag devices on each plant growth bag device of a lower layer correspondingly, and enabling any one surface of the inner parts of the adhesive wood pulp paper and the seed layer to face upwards.
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| CN115637716A (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2023-01-24 | 中冶武勘工程技术有限公司 | Plant slope protection structure for treating highly inclined slope and construction method thereof |
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