CN110834032B - Method and device for tracking temperature of casting blank in continuous casting and rolling temperature field - Google Patents
Method and device for tracking temperature of casting blank in continuous casting and rolling temperature field Download PDFInfo
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- CN110834032B CN110834032B CN201910958259.XA CN201910958259A CN110834032B CN 110834032 B CN110834032 B CN 110834032B CN 201910958259 A CN201910958259 A CN 201910958259A CN 110834032 B CN110834032 B CN 110834032B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
- B21B1/466—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a non-continuous process, i.e. the cast being cut before rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B38/00—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product
- B21B38/006—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product for measuring temperature
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for tracking the temperature of a casting blank in a continuous casting and rolling temperature field, which comprises the following steps: dividing the casting blank production from continuous casting to rolled steel into a plurality of areas, wherein the plurality of areas comprise a continuous casting cutting area and a conveying track; adopting a mode of converting temperature and enthalpy, counting the change of solidification latent heat and specific heat along with the temperature, and constructing a temperature field model by considering the change of heat conductivity coefficient along with the temperature; the heat transfer boundary of the billet is a regional heat exchange boundary, and the tracking of the temperature field of a plurality of regions from continuous casting to rolled steel is realized in a billet mode. The method and the device give the result of the temperature field from the surface to the inside and from the head to the tail of the billet continuously cast to each position of rolled steel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of continuous casting, in particular to a method and a device for tracking the temperature of a casting blank in a continuous casting and rolling temperature field.
Background
In the connection mode from continuous casting to steel rolling, at present, five types are roughly divided, namely direct continuous casting billet rolling (type I), hot continuous casting billet rolling (type II), direct continuous casting billet hot charging rolling (type III), hot continuous casting billet rolling (type IV) and post-heating rolling (type V) of a continuous casting billet cold charging furnace, and the process descriptions are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1
At present, a casting blank temperature online calculation model is adopted in continuous casting, a heating furnace is also provided with a temperature calculation prediction model, but no relation exists between two regions, the initial temperature of a casting blank in the heating furnace is the measured surface temperature, and no error exists for a V mode and an IV mode, because the internal temperature and the external temperature of the casting blank are basically the same after long-time cooling or heat preservation and slow cooling, the measured surface temperature is the temperature of each part of the casting blank and is used as the initial temperature of the casting blank in the heating furnace, but for a III mode, a hot blank directly enters the heating furnace after the continuous casting blank is cut, the temperature difference between the surface and the interior exists in the casting blank, the surface temperature is used as the initial temperature of each part of the casting blank in the heating furnace, and errors can be brought;
in addition, the temperature of the casting blank reaching the initial rolling is obtained only through a temperature measuring point in front of a delivery roll so as to determine the rolling process in the prior art, in the mode of V type, IV type and III type, because the temperature of the casting blank is basically uniform after the casting blank passes through a heating furnace, and the measured surface temperature is basically equal to the temperature of all parts of the casting blank when the casting blank reaches the initial rolling position, the error is basically small, and in the mode of I type, II type and the currently popular bar and wire rod heating-free direct delivery rolling process, the continuous casting hot blank directly reaches the initial rolling without heating, the temperature fields of the surface temperature and the central temperature of the casting blank always exist, and the surface temperature is used as the rolling process, so that the large error exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for tracking the temperature of a cast slab in a continuous casting and rolling temperature field, which gives the results of temperature fields from the head to the tail of the slab from the surface to the inside of the cast slab continuously cast to various positions of rolled steel.
According to one aspect of the invention, a method for tracking the temperature of a casting blank by a continuous casting and rolling temperature field is provided, which comprises the following steps:
dividing the casting blank production from continuous casting to rolled steel into a plurality of areas, wherein the plurality of areas comprise a continuous casting cutting area and a conveying track;
the method comprises the steps of adopting a mode of converting temperature and enthalpy, counting the change of solidification latent heat and specific heat along with the temperature, considering the change of heat conductivity coefficient along with the temperature, and constructing a temperature field model through the following formula
Wherein rho is casting blank density, t is heat transfer time, and lambda0Is the reference temperature T0The thermal conductivity of the alloy is lower than that of the alloy,
h is the conversion temperature, H is the conversion enthalpy, x is the thickness direction coordinate, y is the width direction coordinate, lambda (T) is the thermal conductivity at the temperature T of the casting blank, H0For reference enthalpy, L is the latent heat of solidification, cp(τ) is the specific heat at temperature τ, fsThe solid phase ratio;
the heat transfer boundary of the billet is a regional heat exchange boundary, and the tracking of the temperature field of a plurality of regions from continuous casting to rolled steel is realized in a billet mode.
Preferably, the boundary heat exchange conditions of the compact are of a third type, which is constructed by the following formula
Wherein n is the direction of the outer normal of the surface of the cast slab, T∞Is ambient temperature; h is the heat transfer coefficient between the surface of the casting blank and the surrounding environment,
the first derivative of the transition temperature.
Further preferably, the heat transfer coefficient between the surface of the casting blank and the surrounding environment under the third type of boundary condition includes a relative radiation heat transfer coefficient and an additional heat transfer coefficient, the relative radiation heat transfer coefficient is a non-total radiation heat transfer coefficient between continuous casting and rolled steel, and the additional heat transfer coefficient is a heat transfer coefficient of conduction and convection heat transfer modes.
Still further preferably, the relative radiative heat transfer coefficient is obtained by the following formula
Wherein alpha is relative radiation coefficient and takes the value of (0-1)]Epsilon is the blackness coefficient of the material, and 0.85, sigma is taken0Is a Stefan-Boltzman constant with a value of 5.67X 10-8W/(m2·K4)。
In addition, preferably, the relative radiation heat exchange coefficient of the continuous casting cutting area is 1, and the additional heat exchange coefficient takes any value within the range of 15-40; on the conveying roller way, the relative radiation heat exchange coefficient takes any value within the range of 0.6-1.0, the additional heat exchange coefficient takes any value within the range of 5-50,
when the plurality of areas comprise the turnover cooling bed area, the relative radiation heat exchange coefficient takes any value within the range of 0.5-0.95, and the additional heat exchange coefficient takes any value within the range of 5-25.
Preferably, the heat transfer boundary of the billet is a zone heat exchange boundary, and the step of tracking the temperature field of a plurality of zones from continuous casting to rolled steel in the form of billets comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a virtual fixed length is generated after a casting blank is cut in a continuous casting cutting area, the length of the virtual fixed length is the same as that of the cut fixed length casting blank, and each virtual fixed length corresponds to each fixed length casting blank;
virtual sizing corresponding to a sized casting blank in a casting flow of a continuous casting machine forms a virtual sizing queue, and the virtual sizing queue is used for managing;
and when the fixed-length casting blank tracked by the virtual fixed length enters the turnover cooling bed or the rolling mill, popping the virtual fixed length from the virtual fixed length queue.
Further, preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and setting a trigger condition generated by virtual sizing in each area from continuous casting to steel rolling, wherein the end of triggering of the last area is the start of the area, the trigger condition of the continuous casting cutting area is the start of cutting, and the trigger condition of the conveying track is the completion of cutting.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and after the fire cut point of the casting billet is finished, continuously increasing billets with reserved length, wherein the reserved length is larger than the total length of the product of the fixed length and the fixed length from the fire cut point to the rolling roller way.
According to another aspect of the invention, a device for tracking the temperature of a casting blank by a continuous casting and rolling temperature field comprises:
the device comprises a dividing module, a control module and a control module, wherein the dividing module divides casting blank production from continuous casting to rolled steel into a plurality of areas, and the areas comprise a continuous casting cutting area and a conveying track;
the model building module adopts a mode of converting temperature and enthalpy, takes the change of solidification latent heat and specific heat along with the temperature into account, considers the change of heat conductivity coefficient along with the temperature, and builds a temperature field model through the following formula
Wherein rho is casting blank density, t is heat transfer time, and lambda0Is the reference temperature T0The thermal conductivity of the alloy is lower than that of the alloy,
h is the conversion enthalpy, x is the thickness direction coordinate, y is the width direction coordinate, and lambda (T) is the heat conduction of the casting blank at the temperature TCoefficient of H0For reference enthalpy, L is the latent heat of solidification, cp(τ) is the specific heat at temperature τ, fsThe solid phase ratio;
and the temperature tracking module is used for tracking the temperature fields of a plurality of areas from continuous casting to rolled steel in a billet mode by taking the heat transfer boundary of the billet as a regional heat exchange boundary.
Preferably, the temperature tracking module comprises:
the virtual scale generating unit is used for generating virtual scales after the casting blank is cut by the continuous casting cutting area, the virtual scales are the same as the lengths of the cut scale casting blanks, and each virtual scale corresponds to each scale casting blank;
the system comprises a sequence construction unit, a virtual fixed length queue and a control unit, wherein the virtual fixed length corresponding to a fixed length casting blank in a casting flow of a continuous casting machine forms the virtual fixed length queue and is managed by the virtual fixed length queue;
and the popping unit pops the virtual scale from the virtual scale queue after the scale casting blank tracked by the virtual scale enters the turnover cooling bed or the rolling mill.
The method and the device for tracking the temperature of the casting blank by the continuous casting and rolling temperature field develop a casting blank temperature field model, and various boundary heat exchange details from continuous casting to steel rolling can be considered. The cut casting blank is generated after cutting, once the cut casting blank is generated, the cut casting blank exists all the time, different boundaries are loaded along with the change of the area where the cut casting blank exists to obtain an accurate temperature result, the result of a temperature field from the surface to the inside of the casting blank at each position of continuous casting to steel rolling and from the head to the tail of the casting blank can be given, and the cut casting blank is not tracked after entering the steel rolling or being put on an overturning cooling bed.
Drawings
Other objects and results of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flow chart of a method for tracking the temperature of a casting blank by using a continuous casting and rolling temperature field according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention employing virtual scale zone temperature field tracking;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a block diagram of a device for tracking the temperature of a casting blank in a continuous casting and rolling temperature field according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 5a-5c are schematic diagrams of temperature points for another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a comparison of different temperature tracking methods according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. It may be evident, however, that such embodiment(s) may be practiced without these specific details. Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flowchart of a method for tracking a temperature of a casting blank by a continuous casting and rolling temperature field according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the method for tracking a temperature of a casting blank by a continuous casting and rolling temperature field includes:
step S1, dividing the casting blank production from continuous casting to rolled steel into a plurality of areas, wherein the areas comprise a continuous casting cutting area and a conveying track;
step S2, adopting a mode of converting temperature and enthalpy, taking into account the change of solidification latent heat and specific heat along with temperature, considering the change of heat conductivity coefficient along with temperature, and constructing a temperature field model through the following formulas (1) to (3)
Wherein rho is casting blank density, t is heat transfer time, and lambda0Is the reference temperature T0The thermal conductivity of the alloy is lower than that of the alloy,
h is the conversion temperature, H is the conversion enthalpy, x is the thickness direction coordinate, y is the width direction coordinate, lambda (T) is the thermal conductivity at the temperature T of the casting blank, H0For reference enthalpy, L is the latent heat of solidification, cp(τ) is the specific heat at temperature τ, fsThe solid phase ratio;
and step S3, the heat transfer boundary of the billet is a zone heat exchange boundary, and the tracking of the temperature fields of a plurality of zones from continuous casting to rolled steel is realized in a billet mode.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
and setting a trigger condition generated by virtual sizing in each area from continuous casting to steel rolling, wherein the end of triggering of the last area is the start of the area, the trigger condition of the continuous casting cutting area is the start of cutting, and the trigger condition of the conveying track is the completion of cutting.
In step S3, the boundary heat exchange conditions of the compact are boundary conditions of the third type, which are constructed by the following equation (4)
Wherein n is the direction of the outer normal of the surface of the cast slab, T∞Is ambient temperature; h is the heat transfer coefficient between the surface of the casting blank and the surrounding environment, and the unit KW m-2·℃-1，
The first derivative of the transition temperature.
Preferably, the heat transfer coefficient between the surface of the casting blank and the surrounding environment under the third type of boundary condition includes a relative radiation heat transfer coefficient and an additional heat transfer coefficient, the relative radiation heat transfer coefficient is a non-total radiation heat transfer coefficient between continuous casting and rolled steel, and the additional heat transfer coefficient is a heat transfer coefficient of conduction and convection heat transfer modes, that is:
h＝hRRC+hAdd (5)
wherein h isRRCIs the relative radiative heat transfer coefficient, hAddFor additional heat transfer coefficients.
In one embodiment, the relative radiative heat transfer coefficient and the additional heat transfer coefficient may be set values, the relative radiative heat transfer coefficient of the continuous casting cutting area is 1, and the additional heat transfer coefficient takes any value within a range of 15-40; on the rollgang, the relative radiation heat transfer coefficient takes any value within the range of 0.6-1.0, and the additional heat transfer coefficient takes any value within the range of 5-50, wherein when a plurality of areas also comprise an overturning cooling bed area, the relative radiation heat transfer coefficient takes any value within the range of 0.5-0.95, and the additional heat transfer coefficient takes any value within the range of 5-25.
In another embodiment, the relative radiant heat transfer coefficient and the additional heat transfer coefficient may be values obtained by training according to historical data of casting blank production.
In a preferred embodiment, in order to ensure the accuracy of temperature tracking, especially when a spray cooling device or a heating device is arranged on the conveying roller way, additional heat exchange coefficients are mainly considered in each area; the heat preservation equipment considers the relative radiation heat exchange coefficient, namely different weights can be set for the relative radiation heat exchange coefficient and the additional heat exchange coefficient in the formula (5), the relative radiation heat exchange coefficient and the additional heat exchange coefficient are multiplied by the respective weights and then added to obtain a heat transfer coefficient, when a spraying cooling device or heating equipment is arranged on the conveying roller way, the weight of the additional heat exchange coefficient is greater than that of the relative radiation heat exchange coefficient, and even the weight of the relative radiation heat exchange coefficient can be 0; when the heat preservation device is used, the weight of the relative radiation heat exchange coefficient is larger than that of the additional heat exchange coefficient, even the weight of the additional heat exchange coefficient can be zero,
wherein the above-mentioned relative radiation heat transfer coefficient is obtained by the following formula (6)
Wherein alpha is relative radiation coefficient and takes the value of (0 to up to1]Epsilon is the blackness coefficient of the material, and 0.85, sigma is taken0Is a Stefan-Boltzman constant with a value of 5.67X 10-8W/(m2·K4)。
The above embodiment shows different methods for obtaining the relative radiative heat transfer coefficient and the additional heat transfer coefficient, but the present invention is not limited to this, and any combination of the three methods may be adopted, for example, in the region where the temperature of the casting blank changes slowly, the coefficient after setting or historical training is adopted, and in the region where the temperature of the casting blank changes severely, the relative radiative heat transfer coefficient is obtained by using the formula (6), and the slow change and the severe change can be evaluated according to the temperature change threshold.
According to the method for tracking the temperature of the casting blank by the continuous casting and rolling temperature field, the relative radiation heat transfer coefficient and the additional heat transfer coefficient are introduced on the boundary of the temperature field model, three basic heat transfer modes of radiation, convection and heat conduction are considered, all heat transfer details which influence the temperature change of the casting blank after continuous casting and secondary cooling are described, and the prediction requirements of hot delivery, direct delivery and direct rolling and the temperature drop of the casting blank of the turning cooling bed are met.
In one embodiment, step S3 includes:
the method comprises the steps of cutting a casting blank through a continuous casting cutting area to generate a virtual scale, wherein the virtual scale is the same as the length of the cut-to-length casting blank, each virtual scale corresponds to each cut-to-length casting blank, as shown in figure 2, the casting blank 7 forms a plurality of billets after passing through a fire cutting point 8, the virtual scale 10 is a management unit of independent cut-to-length scale, the virtual scale is (i, j), wherein i is a casting stream number and represents which stream scale, j is a scale number and represents a virtual scale queue 11 generated by the set stream, the virtual scale is a management concept corresponding to the actual scale, namely the virtual scale is the same as the actual scale in length, the heat exchange boundary corresponds, the virtual scale is in a certain area, the heat transfer boundary of all the billets in the virtual scale is an area heat exchange boundary, although the actual scale is not connected on an actual roller way, and the billets 9 corresponding to the virtual scale are continuous, continuity of temperature field calculation is satisfied; the temperature of all the briquettes in the virtual scale is the temperature detail of the position where the actual scale is located;
virtual scale corresponding to a scaled casting blank in a casting flow of a continuous casting machine forms a virtual scale queue, which is managed by the virtual scale queue, namely, the virtual scale queue is related to the flow, the casting machine has several flows and has several virtual scale queues, and each virtual scale convection only manages the virtual scale of the main flow;
when a fixed-length casting blank tracked by the virtual fixed length enters an overturning cooling bed or a rolling mill, the virtual fixed length is popped up from a virtual fixed-length queue, namely, after a cutting completion signal is received, a new virtual fixed length is formed, the contained billet is a billet starting from a fire cutting point to the last virtual fixed length, and the new virtual fixed length is pressed into the virtual fixed-length queue from the tail part of the virtual fixed-length queue for management; and when the virtual scale exits the tracking area (enters a turnover cooling bed or enters a rolling mill), the corresponding virtual scale is popped out from the head of the virtual scale queue.
The method for tracking the temperature of the casting blank in the continuous casting and rolling temperature field establishes a concept of virtual sizing, the virtual sizing corresponds to the actual sizing, the virtual sizing is a management concept of temperature calculation boundary, and the boundary heat exchange conditions of all billets in the virtual sizing are loaded according to the heat exchange of the region where the virtual sizing corresponds to the actual sizing; establishing a virtual fixed-length queue, and managing serialized virtual fixed lengths, so that a plurality of casting stream fixed lengths can exist on a roller way before rolling from a flame cut point; after the flame cutting is finished, a new virtual fixed length is established, and the contained billets are billets corresponding to the last virtual fixed length from the end of the flame cutting point; and when the actual scale corresponding to the virtual scale is out of the tracking area, popping the virtual scale from the billet head of the virtual scale queue, and not performing temperature tracking calculation.
In one embodiment, the slab is continuously added after the hot spot at the end of the cast slab for a reserve length greater than the total length of the product of the fixed length and the fixed length existing simultaneously on the rolling table from the hot spot, that is, after the hot spot at the end of the cast slab, the slab is continuously added for the reserve length for the continuity of the temperature field calculation, the reserve length having to be greater than the total length of the fixed length existing simultaneously on the rolling table from the hot spot.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a block diagram of a device for tracking the temperature of a casting blank in a continuous casting and rolling temperature field according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 3, the device for tracking the temperature of the casting blank in the continuous casting and rolling temperature field includes:
a division module 100 dividing a slab production from continuous casting to rolled steel into a plurality of zones including a continuous casting cutting zone and a conveying rail;
the model building module 200 adopts a mode of converting temperature and enthalpy, includes the changes of solidification latent heat and specific heat along with temperature, considers the changes of heat conductivity coefficient along with temperature by using the change relation of temperature and conversion temperature, considers the changes of physical parameters of steel types along with temperature, and builds a temperature field model through the following formulas (1) to (3)
Wherein rho is casting blank density, t is heat transfer time, and lambda0Is the reference temperature T0The thermal conductivity of the alloy is lower than that of the alloy,
h is the conversion temperature, H is the conversion enthalpy, x is the thickness direction coordinate, y is the width direction coordinate, lambda (T) is the thermal conductivity at the temperature T of the casting blank, H0For reference enthalpy, L is the latent heat of solidification, cp(τ) is the specific heat at temperature τ, fsThe solid phase ratio;
the temperature tracking module 300 is used for tracking the temperature field of a plurality of areas from continuous casting to rolled steel in a billet mode, wherein the heat transfer boundary of the billet is a regional heat exchange boundary.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
a reserved module for continuously increasing the billets with a reserved length after the fire cut point of the casting billets is finished, wherein the reserved length is greater than the total length of the product of the fixed length and the fixed length existing from the fire cut point to the rolling roller way at the same time
Preferably, the temperature tracking module 300 includes:
a virtual scale generating unit 310, which generates virtual scales after the casting blank is cut by the continuous casting cutting area, wherein the virtual scales are the same as the lengths of the cut scale casting blanks, and each virtual scale corresponds to each scale casting blank;
the sequence construction unit 320 is used for constructing a virtual fixed-length queue by virtual fixed lengths corresponding to fixed-length casting blanks in a casting flow of the continuous casting machine, and the virtual fixed-length queue is used for managing;
and the popping unit 330 pops the virtual scale from the virtual scale queue after the scale casting blank tracked by the virtual scale enters the turnover cooling bed or the rolling mill.
The temperature tracking module 300 may further include:
a heat transfer boundary setting unit 340, the boundary heat exchange condition of the compact being a third type boundary condition, the third type boundary condition being constructed by the following equation (4)
Wherein n is the direction of the outer normal of the surface of the cast slab, T∞Is ambient temperature; h is the heat transfer coefficient between the surface of the casting blank and the surrounding environment,
the first derivative of the transition temperature.
The device for tracking the temperature of the casting blank in the continuous casting and rolling temperature field increases the concept of regional queues on the basis of considering various boundary heat exchange details from continuous casting to steel rolling, sequence relations exist among the regions, the queues of the fixed-length casting blanks are used as independent calculation control, and after entering a certain region, boundary conditions are loaded as boundary parameters of the region, so that the continuity of the region and the continuity of the temperature field of the fixed-length casting blanks are in relation.
The heat transfer modes after the casting blank is cut are various, and the heat transfer modes of various forms of radiation, conduction and convection need not to be considered simultaneously like a crystallizer and secondary cooling which are mainly based on a certain heat transfer mode, so the heat transfer coefficient in the boundary heat exchange condition of the billet is relative to the radiation heat transfer coefficient and the additional heat transfer coefficient, namely:
h＝hRRC+hAdd (5)
wherein h isAddFor additional heat transfer coefficient, conduction and convection heat transfer modes can be described, such as convection heat transfer caused by air convection (including at least wind caused by poor plant sealing performance, blowing for auxiliary cooling, air flow caused by high-temperature casting blank and the like), water spray cooling, water spray type or water tank type surface quenching, contact heat transfer of a conveying roller or a turnover cooling bed and the casting blank and the like; h isRRCThe relative radiation heat transfer coefficient is different from the radiation coefficient, the non-complete radiation coefficient such as a heat preservation cover, a turnover cooling bed or a stack, and obviously, the relative radiation heat transfer coefficient is 1, which represents the complete radiation coefficient, and the relative radiation heat transfer coefficient is less than 1, which represents the non-complete radiation coefficient, namely the radiation is broken.
Preferably, the relative radiative heat transfer coefficient is obtained by equation (6).
In the above embodiments, the continuous casting to the rolled steel can be divided into infinite zones, but based on practical situations and control theories, in a preferred embodiment, the zones divided from the continuous casting to the rolled steel comprise a continuous casting cutting zone, a knockout roller way, a transition track, a conveying roller way, a spray cooling device, a heating and heat preservation device and the like, if the continuous casting production adopts direct rolling, the heating and heat preservation device is not used, and if the continuous casting production does not adopt hot rolling, the turning and cooling bed zone and the like are available.
Setting triggering conditions at the entrance of each area, wherein the triggering conditions comprise cutting ending, cogging roller finishing, transition roller finishing, blooming starting and the like, after a cutting ending signal is triggered, a set flow corresponding to a virtual scale is generated and enters a virtual scale queue, and a corresponding virtual scale heat transfer boundary is set according to the cogging roller until a cogging roller ending signal generates and reloads a heat transfer boundary of the next area; in the areas of cutting end and ejection roller way end, the virtual scale is positioned on the roller way corresponding to the casting flow, and the transition roller way corresponds the casting blanks with different flows to different rolling line tracks according to actual requirements, so that the transition from the casting blank scale roller way to the rolling mill conveying roller way is completed, wherein the transition can be from multi-flow casting blanks to one-flow rolling lines or from multi-flow casting blanks to two-flow rolling lines, so that one multi-flow casting machine tracks the temperature of a plurality of rolling mills in real time, and one-to-many casting machines to the rolling mills is realized; once the transition roller way is finished, the casting blank enters the conveying roller way, and the heat exchange boundary needing to be loaded for a certain virtual scale of a certain flow can be judged only through the virtual scale numbers (i, j); and when the virtual scale (i, j) reaches the initial rolling starting position, popping up the corresponding virtual scale from a virtual scale queue of a certain flow, and not tracking any more.
Corresponding tracking areas can be established in special areas, such as N heat preservation cover areas, heat supplementing areas, spraying areas and the like, corresponding trigger signals are provided on equipment, once a specified size area enters the area, the heat transfer boundary of a billet corresponding to virtual specified size is loaded to be the heat exchange boundary of the corresponding area (the additional heat exchange coefficient and the relative radiation heat exchange coefficient of the corresponding area corresponding to actual specified size are loaded by the virtual specified size), and therefore fine area temperature tracking calculation is achieved.
In order to realize global simulation of temperature, the temperature field is tracked in a billet mode, if global temperature tracking is not available, the end position of a billet is ended to a fire cut point, if global temperature tracking is to be realized, the end position of the whole billet needs to be reserved after the fire cut point, and the reserved length meets the requirement of the fixed-length number of the single-flow roller way in a tracking area before continuous casting to steel rolling. For example, 4 fixed lengths can coexist in a single flow on the roller way from after cutting to before rolling, and the length of each fixed length is 10m, so that the reserved length must be more than 40 m.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the 6-stream (casting stream 1-casting stream 6) small billet corresponds to two rolling mills to realize the temperature tracking sequence of the rod and wire direct-feeding and direct-rolling heating-free process, as shown in fig. 4:
the continuous casting blank is 155mm in shape, the steel grade is HRB400E, the continuous casting drawing speed is 4.2m/min, the length of the fixed length is 10m, the distance from the fire cutting point 8 to the liquid level of the crystallizer is 30m, and the casting blank is directly conveyed and directly rolled without entering a turnover cooling bed.
In the tracking model, the thickness of the billets is 0.02m, 3000 billets 9 are totally divided along the billet drawing direction, 1500 billets are calculated for a casting temperature field, the rest 1500 billets are billets corresponding to the reserved length, and just 3 fixed length lengths can be reserved, namely 3 actual fixed lengths 17 exist on the track from the hot cut to the front of the rolling mill in sequence at the same time.
In fig. 4, from the flame cut point 8 to the front of the rolling mill, the device is divided into a cogging roller zone 12, a transition roller zone 13, a rolling mill rollgang zone 14, a roller heat compensation zone 15 and finally to a rolling mill start position 16, and the device includes signals of a cutting end signal, a cogging roller end signal, a transition roller end signal, a heat compensation zone start signal, a heat compensation zone end signal and a rolling mill start signal.
In fig. 4, taking casting 1 as an example, at the corresponding time in fig. 4, two scales exist in the whole tracking area at the same time, one is located at the ejection roller and the other is located at the delivery roller (just before reaching the rolling mill), and the serial numbers of the corresponding virtual scales 10 are virtual scales (1,1) and (1,2), respectively, where the former 1 is the casting serial number, and the latter 1 and 2 are the specific casting serial numbers; at the moment, the virtual scale (1,1) corresponds to the head of the virtual scale queue of the casting flow 1, and the virtual scale (1,2) is positioned at the tail of the queue; the heat transfer boundary corresponding to the blank in the virtual scale (1,1) is 1 relative radiation heat exchange coefficient and 25 additional heat exchange coefficient, the heat transfer boundary corresponding to the blank in the virtual scale (1,2) is 1 relative radiation heat exchange coefficient and 20 additional heat exchange coefficient. In fig. 4, by tracking calculation, the temperature details of the virtual scale (1,1) and the actual scale corresponding to the virtual scale (1,2) can be obtained in real time, so as to provide data support for the overall process formulation.
At the next moment corresponding to fig. 4, when the fixed length close to the starting position of the rolling mill 1 reaches the rolling starting moment of the rolling mill, the temperature details of the virtual fixed length (1,1) are the temperatures corresponding to the actual fixed length, and can be used for making the rolling process; meanwhile, once rolling is performed, the virtual scale (1,1) is ejected from the slab head of the virtual scale queue 11 corresponding to the casting 1, and tracking calculation is not performed any more.
In another embodiment of the present invention, in order to illustrate the technical effect of the temperature tracking of the present invention, the verification was performed on a continuous casting machine producing 180 × 180mm billets in a certain domestic steel mill, and the continuous casting production parameters were as follows: the production of steel grade SAE1018, the superheat degree is 35 deg.C, the drawing speed is 1.6m/min, and the water quantities of the four secondary cooling zones are 6.27, 6.51, 4.04 and 2.18m respectively3·h-1And the cut casting blank passes through a section of conveying roller way and steel pushing according to the fixed length, enters a front collecting rack of the turnover cooling bed for about 2min, and then enters the turnover cooling bed. A specific temperature measuring point, as shown in fig. 5a, measures the temperature at the end point of the metallurgical length of continuous casting before the cutting starts; as shown in fig. 5b, the temperature is measured at the instant the cutting is completed; as shown in fig. 5c, the temperature measurements were taken at different locations of the inverted cooling bed.
Because, the design time of the conticaster in this embodiment is longer, and the plant layout is relatively laggard, and on the one hand the continuous casting area of coming out is narrower and small, and the air permeability is not good, does not possess the heat and send the overall arrangement in addition, and all casting blanks pass through the upset cooling bed slow cooling, and production process upset cooling bed is gone up every tooth and all has the casting blank. After a large amount of temperature measurement, the described conditions are found to have a significant influence on the temperature drop of the casting blank.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the comparison between the temperature tracked by the temperature tracking method of the present application (after calibration for short) and the measured temperature, using the set relative radiant heat transfer coefficient and the additional heat transfer coefficient, and the obtained additional heat transfer coefficient according to equation (5), using the set relative radiant heat transfer coefficient and the additional heat transfer coefficient, Table 2 shows the results of the parameter adjustment before and after calibration,
TABLE 2
As can be seen from fig. 6 and table 2, before and after calibration, the casting blank is in the cutting area and the roller conveyor area, the casting blank is in an open state, the radiation is complete radiation, the relative radiation heat transfer coefficient is 1, meanwhile, the casting blank has a certain relative speed due to high temperature, and can cause the occurrence of air convection heat transfer, and when the additional heat transfer coefficient is taken to be 20, the calculation result is completely matched with the temperature measurement result;
as can be seen from fig. 6 and table 2, after entering the turnover cooling bed, if the relative radiative heat transfer coefficient before calibration is 1 and the additional heat transfer coefficient is 20, the difference between the calculation result and the actual measurement result is large, and the position of the last actual measurement point is 120 ℃ lower than the actual measurement value. On the one hand, the relative speed of the casting blank per se on the turnover cooling bed is basically 0 along with the reduction of the temperature, so that the value of the additional heat exchange coefficient caused by air convection is reduced, on the other hand, adjacent casting blanks are arranged on the turnover cooling bed at the front and the back of the casting blank, the temperature is basically the same as the temperature per se, the two surfaces are basically not radiated, namely, only the two surfaces of the casting blank are radiated, so that the radiation is greatly reduced. After the relative radiation heat transfer coefficient is 0.57 and the additional heat transfer coefficient is 5 according to the table 2, the calculation result is matched with the actual measurement result, and the effect is better than that of the heat preservation cover because the temperature of the hot surface of the heat preservation cover cannot be equal to the surface temperature of the casting blank certainly.
The temperature change of the casting blank calculated before and after calibration in the figure 6 can be obtained, if the temperature of the casting blank out of the turnover cooling bed is reduced, the casting blank is discontinuous on the turnover cooling bed and has enough distance, and the casting blank is ensured to be in a complete radiation state. Of course, it is obvious that doing so greatly reduces the knockout efficiency of the tumbling cold bed.
According to the calculated temperature and the actually measured temperature after calibration in the figure 6, the temperature drop rate of the casting blank before the fire cutting and the entering of the turnover cooling bed is about 15 ℃/min, and the cooling rate on the turnover cooling bed is about 5 ℃/min.
The method and the device for tracking the temperature of the casting blank by the continuous casting and rolling temperature field in each embodiment provide a global temperature tracking method from continuous casting to steel rolling, so that a continuous temperature method suitable for each area is realized, a continuous casting blank temperature field is obtained, the temperature calculation of each area is more in line with the actual situation, and a more accurate temperature basis for establishing a process is provided for initial rolling. The details of each zone can be fully considered, so that accurate temperature control can be achieved. The method can adapt to different field processes, is simple and stable to control, and is beneficial to field implementation. An initial temperature field, such as a heating furnace, such as a concurrent heating zone, such as a roughing temperature, can be given for each zone control, thereby providing a basis for the process parameters established for the zone control. The temperature of a plurality of rolling mills is tracked in real time by one multi-stream casting machine, and one-to-many casting machines to the rolling mills is realized.
In each of the above embodiments, preferably, the spray region is configured to eliminate temperature deviation between the head and the tail of the casting blank, and specifically, the spray region includes:
arranging a spraying area on the conveying track after the fixed-length cutting, wherein the spraying area comprises a plurality of nozzles, the interval of the nozzles enables water spots formed by adjacent nozzles to be overlapped, and the length of the spraying area is greater than that of a fixed-length casting blank;
setting a spraying initial position, and taking a water spot of a nearest nozzle at one side of a spray area, which is reached by a billet head of a fixed-length casting billet and faces a rolling mill, as the spraying initial position;
taking cooling water flow as output, taking data of casting blank influence factors of the fixed-length casting blank as input, and constructing a model in a weighting mode, wherein the casting blank temperature influence factors comprise the temperature difference between the blank head and the blank tail of the fixed-length casting blank, the steel type of the casting blank, the size of the casting blank, the running speed of the casting blank and the temperature of cooling water, and the cooling water flow enables the surface temperature of the blank tail not to be higher than the surface temperature of the blank head after the fixed-length casting blank is sprayed by a spraying region;
the data of casting blank temperature influence factors of a fixed-length casting blank which is sprayed by the spraying area to reach that the surface temperature of the tail of the blank is not higher than the surface temperature of the head of the blank and the cooling water flow of the nozzle are used as a training set, and the model is trained;
inputting the data of the casting blank influence factors of the new fixed-length casting blank into the trained model to obtain the cooling water flow of a new spraying area;
when the blank head of the fixed-length casting blank reaches the spraying initial position, the blank tail is also positioned in the spraying area, and all nozzles of the spraying area spray the fixed-length casting blank by adopting the fixed cooling water flow.
Preferably, the method for eliminating the temperature difference between the center temperature and the surface temperature of the casting blank further comprises the following steps:
obtaining the temperature difference between the central temperature and the surface temperature of the casting blank sprayed by the spraying area through a temperature field model;
obtaining the time required by the consistency of the central temperature and the surface temperature of the casting blank according to the temperature difference;
and setting the length of the conveying track between the spraying area and the rolling mill according to the running speed of the conveying track and the required time, wherein the length ensures that the time for the sprayed fixed-length casting blank to reach the rolling mill is not less than the required time.
While the foregoing disclosure shows illustrative embodiments of the invention, it should be noted that various changes and modifications could be made herein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The functions, steps and/or actions of the method claims in accordance with the inventive embodiments described herein need not be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although elements of the invention may be described or claimed in the singular, the plural is contemplated unless limitation to a single element is explicitly stated.
Claims (8)
1. A method for tracking the temperature of a casting blank in a continuous casting and rolling temperature field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dividing the casting blank production from continuous casting to rolled steel into a plurality of areas, wherein the plurality of areas comprise a continuous casting cutting area and a conveying track;
the method comprises the steps of adopting a mode of converting temperature and enthalpy, counting the change of solidification latent heat and specific heat along with the temperature, considering the change of heat conductivity coefficient along with the temperature, and constructing a temperature field model through the following formula
Wherein rho is casting blank density, t is heat transfer time, and lambda0Is the reference temperature T0The thermal conductivity of the alloy is lower than that of the alloy,
h is the conversion temperature, H is the conversion enthalpy, x is the thickness direction coordinate, y is the width direction coordinate, lambda (T) is the thermal conductivity at the temperature T of the casting blank, H0For reference enthalpy, L is the latent heat of solidification, cp(τ) is the specific heat at temperature τ, fsThe solid phase ratio;
the heat transfer boundary of the billet is a regional heat exchange boundary, and the tracking of the temperature fields of a plurality of regions from continuous casting to steel rolling is realized in a billet mode;
wherein the heat transfer boundary of the billet is a zone heat exchange boundary, and the step of tracking the temperature field of a plurality of zones from continuous casting to rolled steel in a billet mode comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that a virtual fixed length is generated after a casting blank is cut in a continuous casting cutting area, the length of the virtual fixed length is the same as that of the cut fixed length casting blank, and each virtual fixed length corresponds to each fixed length casting blank;
virtual sizing corresponding to a sized casting blank in a casting flow of a continuous casting machine forms a virtual sizing queue, and the virtual sizing queue is used for managing;
and when the fixed-length casting blank tracked by the virtual fixed length enters the turnover cooling bed or the rolling mill, popping the virtual fixed length from the virtual fixed length queue.
2. The method for tracking temperature of a cast slab through a continuous casting and rolling temperature field according to claim 1, wherein the boundary heat exchange conditions of the slab are boundary conditions of a third kind, and the boundary conditions of the third kind are constructed by the following formula
Wherein n is a cast slabOuter normal direction of surface, T∞Is ambient temperature; h is the heat transfer coefficient between the surface of the casting blank and the surrounding environment,
the first derivative of the transition temperature.
3. The method for tracking the temperature of the casting blank through the continuous casting and rolling temperature field according to claim 2, wherein the heat transfer coefficient of the surface of the casting blank and the surrounding environment of the third type of boundary condition comprises a relative radiation heat transfer coefficient and an additional heat transfer coefficient, the relative radiation heat transfer coefficient is a non-total radiation heat transfer coefficient between continuous casting and rolled steel, and the additional heat transfer coefficient is a heat transfer coefficient of a conduction and convection heat transfer mode.
4. The method for tracking the temperature of the casting blank through the continuous casting and rolling temperature field according to claim 3, wherein the relative radiation heat transfer coefficient is obtained by the following formula
Wherein alpha is relative radiation coefficient and takes the value of (0-1)]Epsilon is the blackness coefficient of the material, and 0.85, sigma is taken0Is a Stefan-Boltzman constant with a value of 5.67X 10-8W/(m2·K4)。
5. The method for tracking the temperature of the casting blank by the continuous casting and rolling temperature field according to claim 1, which is characterized by further comprising the following steps:
and setting a trigger condition generated by virtual sizing in each area from continuous casting to steel rolling, wherein the end of triggering of the last area is the start of the area, the trigger condition of the continuous casting cutting area is the start of cutting, and the trigger condition of the conveying track is the completion of cutting.
6. The method for tracking the temperature of the casting blank by the continuous casting and rolling temperature field according to claim 1, which is characterized by further comprising the following steps:
and after the fire cut point of the casting billet is finished, continuously increasing billets with reserved length, wherein the reserved length is larger than the total length of the product of the fixed length and the fixed length from the fire cut point to the rolling roller way.
7. The method for tracking the temperature of the cast slab through the continuous casting and rolling temperature field according to claim 4,
the relative radiation heat exchange coefficient of the continuous casting cutting area is 1, and the additional heat exchange coefficient is any value within the range of 15-40; on the conveying track, the relative radiation heat exchange coefficient takes any value within the range of 0.6-1.0, the additional heat exchange coefficient takes any value within the range of 5-50,
when the plurality of areas comprise the turnover cooling bed area, the relative radiation heat exchange coefficient takes any value within the range of 0.5-0.95, and the additional heat exchange coefficient takes any value within the range of 5-25.
8. The utility model provides a device of continuous casting and rolling temperature field tracking casting blank temperature which characterized in that includes:
the device comprises a dividing module, a control module and a control module, wherein the dividing module divides casting blank production from continuous casting to rolled steel into a plurality of areas, and the areas comprise a continuous casting cutting area and a conveying track;
the model building module adopts a mode of converting temperature and enthalpy, takes the change of solidification latent heat and specific heat along with the temperature into account, considers the change of heat conductivity coefficient along with the temperature, and builds a temperature field model through the following formula
Wherein rho is casting blank density, t is heat transfer time, and lambda0Is the reference temperature T0The thermal conductivity of the alloy is lower than that of the alloy,
h is the conversion temperature, H is the conversion enthalpy, x is the thickness direction coordinate, y is the width direction coordinate, lambda (T) is the thermal conductivity at the temperature T of the casting blank, H0For reference enthalpy, L is the latent heat of solidification, cp(τ) is the specific heat at temperature τ, fsThe solid phase ratio;
the temperature tracking module is used for tracking the temperature fields of a plurality of areas from continuous casting to steel rolling in a billet mode, wherein the heat transfer boundary of the billet is a regional heat exchange boundary;
wherein the temperature tracking module comprises:
the virtual scale generating unit is used for generating virtual scales after the casting blank is cut by the continuous casting cutting area, the virtual scales are the same as the lengths of the cut scale casting blanks, and each virtual scale corresponds to each scale casting blank;
the system comprises a sequence construction unit, a virtual fixed length queue and a control unit, wherein the virtual fixed length corresponding to a fixed length casting blank in a casting flow of a continuous casting machine forms the virtual fixed length queue and is managed by the virtual fixed length queue;
and the popping unit pops the virtual scale from the virtual scale queue after the scale casting blank tracked by the virtual scale enters the turnover cooling bed or the rolling mill.
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