CN110831867A

CN110831867A - Tamper-evident closure and container provided therewith

Info

Publication number: CN110831867A
Application number: CN201880044683.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: I·卡塞里奥卢; F·J·克纳彭; J·M·P·L·韦雷杰肯
Original assignee: FrieslandCampina Nederland BV
Current assignee: FrieslandCampina Nederland BV
Priority date: 2017-07-06
Filing date: 2018-06-13
Publication date: 2020-02-21
Also published as: WO2019007653A1; EP3649055A1; RU2020101940A; RU2020101940A3

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tamper-evident closure (1) for a container (2), comprising a circumferential body (4) and a lid (6), wherein the circumferential body (4) is attachable to the container (2) and the lid (6) is arranged for providing a closable access to the container (2) through the circumferential body (4), wherein the closure (1) comprises a skirt (8) connected to the circumferential body (4) and arranged to extend beyond an externally extending rim (18) of the container (2), wherein the skirt (8) comprises: which, when mounted to the container (2), has an inner perimeter smaller than the outer perimeter of the rim (18); wherein the skirt (8) comprises at least one tamper indicating frangible connection (10); wherein the closure (1) further comprises means for increasing the inner circumference of the skirt (8) when the closure (1) is moved in a direction to remove it from the container (2); and wherein the skirt (8) is configured to deform as its inner circumference increases such that the at least one tamper indicating frangible connection (10) breaks or tears.

Description

Tamper-evident closure and container provided therewith

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a tamper-evident (tamper-evident) closure for a container and a tamper-evident package comprising the closure.

Background

Tamper evident closures for containers are generally known in the art. The use of tamper-indicating closures has found widespread acceptance in the packaging of consumer products. Many product packages or closures include some type of tamper-evident mechanism for visually indicating whether the package has been opened in the past, which obviously allows the producer of the product within the package to ensure quality to some extent. One of the simplest forms of tamper evident closures is obtained by using a cap and a tamper indicating lower ring or band, wherein the two parts are joined together in an axial direction by a weakened frangible portion which breaks upon opening of the container. Such simple tamper-evident closures are widely used in the packaging industry in plastic caps, for example beverage bottles.

Some packages include a container, such as a tubular tin can, having an opening at the top that is typically sealed with a foil. Above the foil, a cap, for example made of plastic, is arranged on the container, wherein the cap usually has a rim and a lid hingedly attached to the rim. The rim of the cap may be arranged to snap onto the container by a snap-fit connection for attachment. The product in the container can be removed by opening the lid. Thereafter, the cover may be closed again, for example for storage until the next use. Disposable caps are also possible. One of the known tamper activities includes removing the entire cap to access the contents of the container, for example, to steal at least a portion of the contents of the package, to add other contents to the package, to mix the contents with other products in order to obtain more contents, to at least partially change the contents of the package, and the like. By replacing the cap on the container, the tamper can be concealed because the container is conventionally accessed through the lid of the cap which can remain unbreakable.

Prevention of such tampering is particularly important with containers containing demanding products, such as infant formula packaging (including powdered infant formula, for example), pharmaceuticals, food products, and the like.

It is desirable to employ packaging that is both efficient and economical. There is a need for a tamper-evident package or closure that meets this requirement. Further, it is desirable that the closure is structurally simple, while being able to demonstrate the fact that the contents of the container have been accessed without permission.

There is a need for a packaging system having a closure that is effective in preventing fraud or that clearly provides an indication to the intended person when fraud has occurred.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a tamper-evident closure which obviates at least one of the above-mentioned disadvantages.

Alternatively, or in addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved tamper evident closure.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a tamper-evident closure for a container, the tamper-evident closure comprising a circumferential body and a lid, wherein the circumferential body is attachable to the container and the lid is arranged to provide a closable access to the container through the circumferential body;

wherein the closure comprises a skirt connected to the circumferential body and arranged to extend beyond an externally extending rim of the container;

wherein, this skirt portion includes following part: the portion having an inner perimeter less than an outer perimeter of the rim when mounted to the container;

wherein the skirt comprises at least one tamper indicating frangible connection;

wherein the closure further comprises means for increasing the inner perimeter of the skirt as the closure is moved in a direction to remove it from the container; and is

Wherein the skirt is configured to deform as its inner circumference increases such that the at least one tamper-indicating frangible connection ruptures or tears.

By using the arrangement depicted herein, the skirt provides a clear tamper indication for the closure through the frangible connection(s), which allows the user to note whether the package containing such a closure has been opened prior to the intended time. Such tamper-indicating functionality would likewise include anti-counterfeiting measures and indeed any kind of manipulation or attempted manipulation of the package comprising the closure of the present invention. Accordingly, it can also be noted whether an attempt has been made to open the package by removing the closure from the package. The closure comprises at least one frangible connection which may form a segmented weakened portion arranged to rupture or tear upon separation of the closure from the container of the package. For example, a deformed and/or visibly missing portion on the closure may clearly provide an indication that the package has been opened. Thus, whenever reference is made to "tamper-indicating" or similar language with respect to the frangible connection(s) included in the closure of the present invention, it is intended to refer to the function of such frangible connection(s) as a means for indicating any kind of manipulation, attempted manipulation, or unauthorized duplication of a package including the closure of the present invention by way of counterfeiting or otherwise.

The tamper-indicating frangible connection may be formed such that it is sufficiently strong that it does not tear or rupture during placement of the closure on the container. Placement may be performed using a special tool to prevent the frangible connection from tearing or breaking. An advantageous form of frangible connection may also be employed. The frangible connection is arranged to reliably rupture or tear when the package is handled and if the closure is first removed from the container, or when an attempt has been made to open the container by removing the closure in its entirety. Thus, it may be desirable to obtain a sensitive frangible connection that can be easily damaged in the event of attempted manipulation.

The circumferential body of the closure may be suitably shaped to fit over the container in a fitting manner. Removal of the closure from the container may be resisted or prevented by an externally extending rim of the container, which may be disposed on the neck of the container. A tamper-evident closure including one or more tamper-indicating frangible connections may be constructed and arranged to fit over an externally extending rim of a container, which may effectively retain the closure on the container. The closure may thus at least partly have a mating shape to easily fit on the container. However, it is preferred that the circumferential body of the closure has a fully mating shape. The peripheral body may be constructed and arranged to engage an externally extending rim of the container.

Naturally, the externally extending rim may be formed by a recess in the outer surface of the container, by suitable shaping. The recess may be surrounded by one or more protruding surfaces forming a rim on the container.

The closure can be easily manufactured and provides an effective indication of tampering or removal of the closure. The closure includes means for securely fastening the closure to the container. The closure may be arranged to snap and engage over at least a portion of the rim of the container. Preferably, the rim on the container is integral with the container. However, non-unitary containers may also be used.

The tamper indicating frangible connection may completely encircle the container or container neck, or alternatively extend over only a portion of the circumference of the container.

A plurality of frangible connections may be disposed about the skirt, wherein a rupture condition of one or more of the frangible connections may be observed, which may provide evidence of tampering with the closure.

Optionally, a tamper indicating frangible connection on the skirt is formed annularly.

Optionally, the skirt is made up of several segments formed as a unitary piece.

Optionally, the frangible connection comprises one or more bridge elements arranged in a circumferential direction of the skirt.

Optionally, the frangible connection comprises one or more weakened portions defining a fracture line.

Optionally, the at least one frangible connection is arranged in a circumferential direction of the skirt. The frangible connection arranged in the circumferential direction of the skirt is arranged to break upon a force in the circumferential direction of the skirt. Thus, when an attempt is made to remove the peripheral body from the container, the increase in the circumference of the skirt will cause the frangible connection or connections to break. The frangible connection in the circumferential direction may also form a connecting bridge which tears or ruptures to indicate opening when the closure is removed from the container.

Optionally, the skirt forms a closed loop arranged to enclose the container, wherein the closed loop comprises one or more frangible connections arranged in a circumferential direction of the skirt.

Alternatively, the closure is manufactured in one piece by an injection moulding process. Compression moulding may also be used to make the closure. A cutting tool such as a laser cutting tool may also be used to obtain the frangible connection on the skirt. Other ways for obtaining material weakening in the closure are also possible, for example by milling, welding of connecting bridges, etc.

The frangible connection may be formed by a relatively weak connecting bridge positioned in a gap in the circumferential direction of the skirt. The frangible connections may be arranged to break upon removal of the closure from the container neck by at least one of the frangible connections rupturing or tearing as a result of the skirt deforming to increase the inner circumference of the skirt. In this way, an effective tamper-evident means can be obtained around the periphery of the closure and the container.

Alternatively, the separation line at which the tamper indicating frangible connection tears may be vertical due to the circumferentially arranged frangible connection.

Optionally, the frangible connection comprises a non-frangible flap inserted in the frangible connection. The frangible connection may comprise a flap having a frangible bridge on both sides of the skirt in the circumferential direction.

The skirt may comprise weakened and non-weakened regions, wherein the weakened regions are adapted to define one or more frangible connections. The frangible connection may further comprise a non-frangible flap, tab, or plate connected to said non-weakened area of the skirt by a weakened frangible connection (e.g. a bridge) arranged in the circumferential direction. The diameter of the skirt may expand and/or the circumference of the skirt may increase upon removal of the closure from the container, such that the frangible bridge of the tamper-evident frangible connection may rupture or tear. Such non-frangible flaps may at least partially separate when the frangible connection on the skirt has broken, thereby improving the visual indication. In addition, in this way, for example, it is possible to prevent or make more difficult the hiding of a broken frangible connection. Optionally, a visual indication is provided behind the non-frangible flap to draw the user's attention.

An increase in the circumference of the skirt may cause an increase in the diameter of the skirt. The increased diameter of the skirt may also cause the circumference of the skirt to increase. In many cases, as the diameter increases, the circumference also increases, and vice versa. Thus, when reference is made in this specification to an increase in circumference, an increase in diameter may be implied and vice versa. The diameter is not to be interpreted in a strict sense as being only the diameter of a circle or the diameter of a cylinder. More generally, the diameter may be considered to be the cross-sectional distance between two points at the perimeter of the body (e.g., skirt), the distance along a line connecting two points at the perimeter of the body (where the line passes through the center of the surface enclosed by the body), the width of the body, or the chord length. Other known interpretations are also possible.

Optionally, the skirt forms a closed circumference with the at least one frangible connection. The frangible connection may thus effectively form the weakest link of the skirt in the circumferential direction.

Optionally, the frangible connection is arranged to break due to a circumferential force during removal of the closure.

Optionally, the at least one frangible connection comprises a frangible connection connecting the skirt to the circumferential body. Optionally, a frangible connection connects the skirt to the circumferential body in an axial direction of the circumferential body. The frangible connection arranged in the axial direction of the circumferential body is arranged to break upon a force in the axial direction of the circumferential body.

Advantageously, a tamper evident closure is provided wherein at least two portions of the skirt are joined by a frangible connection in the circumferential direction.

Optionally, the skirt is further connected to the circumferential body by a non-frangible connection.

The skirt of the closure may have an unweakened region and one or more weakened regions at the frangible connection such that the weakened regions will be more likely to rupture upon removal of the closure from the container.

Optionally, the frangible connection is formed by a segmented portion, wherein at least one frangible connection (such as a bridge segment) is arranged in the circumferential direction on opposite sides of the segmented portion.

In this way, a rupture position is provided where the tamper indicating frangible connection of the skirt of the closure can be torn circumferentially and/or horizontally.

To effect rupturing or tearing of one or more of the frangible connections, the closure comprises means for increasing the inner circumference of the skirt as the closure is moved in a direction to remove it from the container, wherein the skirt is configured to deform as its inner circumference increases such that at least one of the frangible connections ruptures or tears. The at least one frangible connection may rupture or tear when a threshold circumference for rupturing the at least one frangible connection is reached. As explained above, an increase in circumference may imply an increase in diameter and vice versa, wherein the diameter should not be interpreted in a strict sense as referring only to the diameter of a circle or a cylinder, but more generally to the cross-sectional distance between two points at the circumference of the body.

Due to the increased circumference (and/or increased diameter-see above), at least a portion of the skirt may stretch, causing the frangible connection (e.g., frangible bridge) to break. The skirt may be arranged to promote radial expansion of the skirt upon removal of the closure from the container, thereby causing the frangible connection to break. The frangible connection breaking or tearing may leave visible marks around the skirt that are easily detectable by the user of the package.

Optionally, as means for increasing the inner diameter of the skirt, the closure comprises a hook member arranged on the skirt or the circumferential body, e.g. preferably by an integral hinge, wherein the hook member further comprises a flange arranged for abutting the rim of the container when the closure is moved in a direction to remove it from the container. The hook member may be arranged to break the at least one frangible connection upon removal of the closure from the container. By the hinged connection, the diameter of the skirt may be increased due to further movement in the direction of removing the closure from the container. The hook member may be adapted and/or dimensioned such that on initial removal of the closure, the diameter of the skirt portion increases sufficiently to cause the at least one frangible connection to separate or break. Optionally, the hook member is integral with the closure.

Optionally, the skirt extends downwardly and has an inwardly and upwardly turned retention flange arranged to engage with a rim arranged on the circumference of the container when the closure is removed from the container.

The rim of the container may be formed by an annular projection shaped to form a groove for receiving, for example, an annular retention flange. Such an annular retention flange may be shaped to locate concentrically within a groove formed by the rim of the container. Optionally, the annular retention flange may be arranged to cooperate with a rim of the container to form a seal.

The flange may be located below the rim after the closure is placed on the container. The flange may have a retention surface oriented toward the locking surface of the rim. During removal of the closure from the container, the locking surface of the rim engages the retention surface of the retention flange of the container so that the annular flange can pivot outwardly. As a result, an increased inner circumference (and/or inner diameter-see above) of the skirt may be obtained. Due to this increased inner perimeter, tampering indicates that one or more of the frangible connections are broken or torn. The flange, which is preferably annular, may be connected to the remainder of the skirt by an integral hinge. However, the annular flange may have one or more interruptions. The integral hinge or hinged portion of the skirt may enclose an angle of less than 60 degrees, preferably less than 45 degrees, more preferably less than 30 degrees, when the closure is attached to the container.

The closure may comprise a circumferential frangible line of connection such that the portion of the skirt below the frangible line of connection may be torn off when the closure is removed from the container. In this way, the closure cannot be removed without damaging the frangible connection, thereby preventing any tampering with the container contents. When the closure is removed, the lower band of the skirt may then be at least partially torn off. Alternatively or in addition, the circumferential tear tab may be formed with a weakened frangible connection in the circumferential direction to allow easy tearing.

Optionally, the hook member is arranged such that during movement of the closure in a direction to remove it from the container, the retention flange is hinged from a first position in which the inner perimeter of the skirt is less than a threshold perimeter for rupturing and/or rupturing the at least one frangible connection to a second position in which the inner perimeter of the skirt is greater than the threshold perimeter for rupturing and/or rupturing the at least one frangible connection.

The hinged retention flange allows the effective circumference and/or diameter of the skirt to be effectively and reliably increased upon removal or attempted removal of the closure from the container. During disengagement of the closure from the container, the force exerted on the frangible connection is sufficiently great to cause it to break, since the effective diameter of the skirt is increased due to the engagement of the retention flange with the rim of the container. The first use is evident when the closure is reapplied due to the broken frangible connection.

Optionally, a plurality of frangible connections are distributed around the circumference of the skirt. The relative positions of the (weakened) frangible connections may ensure an even, predictable opening sequence around the periphery of the closure and container neck.

Optionally, the plurality of frangible connections are evenly or unevenly distributed about the circumference of the skirt.

Optionally, the number of frangible connections is in the range of one to eight. A higher number of frangible connections may result in less stress concentration at the frangible connections when removing the closure from the container. Preferably, the two frangible connections are arranged on opposite sides of the skirt.

Optionally, the closure is made of a suitable material, such as a synthetic plastic. Conventional methods may be employed to form the closure.

The closure may include means to resist removal thereof from the container. Optionally, the closure is arranged to seal the container when placed thereon. For this purpose, the rim may form a tight fit with the closure.

The closure may provide an improved package having tamper-indicating means for providing a visual indication when an associated container is tampered with.

According to one aspect, there is provided a method for making a tamper-evident package, the method comprising:

providing a container having an externally extending rim;

providing a closure comprising a circumferential body and a lid, wherein the lid is arranged for providing a closable access to the container through the circumferential body, wherein the closure comprises a skirt comprising at least one frangible connection for indicating tampering with the closure and being connected to the circumferential body;

attaching the peripheral body of the closure to the container such that the skirt extends beyond the brim of the container and such that a portion of the skirt has an inner perimeter that is less than an outer perimeter of the brim.

Optionally, the at least one frangible connection is arranged in a circumferential direction of the skirt.

It will also be apparent that any one or more of the above-described aspects, features, and options may be combined.

Drawings

The invention will be further elucidated on the basis of exemplary embodiments represented in the drawing. The exemplary embodiments are given by way of non-limiting illustration. It is noted that the figures are only schematic representations of embodiments of the invention, which are given by way of non-limiting example.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper evident closure;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper evident closure.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper evident closure;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a cross-section of an embodiment of a tamper-evident closure;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a hook member;

FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the hook member in a different position;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper evident closure;

FIG. 8 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper evident closure;

FIG. 9 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper evident closure;

FIG. 10 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper evident closure;

FIG. 11 shows a top cross-sectional view of a skirt member of the tamper evident closure; and

FIG. 12 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper evident closure.

FIG. 13 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper evident closure;

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper-evident closure 1 for a container 2, comprising a circumferential body 4 and a lid 6. In this example, the lid 6 may be opened to gain access to the interior of the container 2. The lid 6 of the closure may further be provided with tamper-evident means for indicating tampering. The circumferential body 4 is attachable to the container 2 and the lid 6 is arranged for providing a closable access to the container 2 through the circumferential body 4. The cover 6 may, for example, be hinged so that it can be re-closed after use. However, other mechanisms are also contemplated. For example, the cover 6 may be removable from the closure during use. Alternatively, the cover may also be disposable only. Further, the closure 1 comprises a skirt 8 connected to the circumferential body 4, arranged to extend beyond the externally extending rim of the container 2. The skirt 8 comprises the following parts: which when mounted to the container 2 has an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the rim. In addition, the skirt 8 comprises a frangible connection 10. The tamper indicating frangible connection 10 may be at least partially torn when the closure is first removed from the container. By tearing, the user can be made clear that the container 2 of the package has been opened. Tamper indicating closures allow for ensuring that consumers are confident of the integrity of the packaged product and instill a sense of quality.

The closure 1 can be integrally formed, for example, by a one-shot forming operation, without the need for a subsequent operation.

Advantageously, the frangible connection 10 may be arranged to frangibly join two portions of the skirt 8 in the circumferential direction. The frangible connection 10 may provide a weakened portion that can be easily broken when the closure 1 is removed from the container 2.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the tamper evident closure 1. The circumferential body 4 of the closure 1 comprises means for engaging with a portion of the neck of the container 2, so as to limit the axial movement of the circumferential body from the neck of the container 2 once placed thereon. As a result of the increased circumference and/or diameter of at least a portion of the skirt 8, the tamper indicating frangible connection 10 forming a weakened bridge may rupture or stretch until it ruptures when the closure is removed from the container 2. In the example shown, only one frangible connection 10 is shown. However, the annular skirt 8 may further comprise a plurality or series of frangible connections 10, for example equally spaced along its circumference.

By means of the tamper indicating frangible connection 10, different tear strengths can be obtained in the skirt 8 of the closure 1. In the event that the closure 1 is pulled away from the container 2, the circumference and/or diameter of the skirt may effectively expand such that the frangible connection 10 may break or tear first, as it forms the weakest connection or bond in the skirt 8. This can then effectively provide a tamper indication to the user.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper evident closure 1. The tamper indicating frangible connection 10 further comprises a non-frangible flap 12 inserted in the frangible connection 10. The non-frangible flap 12 may form a split structure that can be separated when the frangible connection 10 breaks. In this way, a segmented portion can be obtained by the frangible connection 10, wherein on opposite sides of the segmented portion, a frangible bridge section 14 is arranged in the circumferential direction. The bridge segments 14 form a weak connection and at least one of these bridge segments breaks upon removal of the closure 1 from the container 2 while the circumference and/or diameter of the skirt expands. In this way, an effective tamper indicating band can be obtained by the skirt 8.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper evident closure 1. The closure 1 may allow for quick mounting on a container and is therefore suitable for use in a typical packaging line. In this example, the closure 1 is a snap closure, wherein the closure may be attached to the container 2 by applying an axial force (downwards in the illustrated figure) to the closure 1. In this example, the circumferential body 4 of the closure 1 has a seat 16 arranged to rest on a top surface of the container, here the top surface of a locking element, for example an externally extending rim 18 of the container 2. The rim 18 may extend completely around the outer wall surface of the container 2. In this example, the skirt 8 is formed and shaped so that it can be snapped on to interlock on a locking element 18 (rim) on the neck of the container 2. The tamper evident skirt 8 is here connected to the circumferential body substantially along its entire circumference. The skirt 8 comprises a tamper-indicating frangible connection 10 or tamper-indicating frangible attachment 10 (not shown in figure 4).

The closure 1 may be formed from a resilient and reasonably flexible plastics material such that it may be deformed slightly to allow the closure 1 to be snapped onto the container 2 around the circumferential rim 18 of the container 2. The present invention allows for the closure 1 to be attached to the container 2 by employing other attachment mechanisms. Many variations are possible. Thus, the closure 1 may be adapted for use with various other types of containers 2. For example, the closure may be attached to the container by other types of snap fastening or bayonet fastening. Many attachment mechanisms may be employed without departing from the framework of the present invention.

In this example, skirt 8 includes a first wall portion 25 that is sized to surround rim 18 of container 2. The skirt includes a second wall portion 24 which extends beyond (here below) the rim 18. The skirt 8 comprises a flange 20 which may be tongue, flap, hook or the like shaped. In this example, the flange 20 is hingedly connected to the second wall portion 24. The flange 20 may be provided as a retention element for mechanically engaging the skirt 8 to the rim 18 arranged on the neck of the container 2. The flange 20 may be present, for example, over substantially the entire circumference of the skirt 8. It is also possible that the flange comprises a plurality of partial flanges along the circumference of the skirt. The flange 20 may engage the rim 18 of the container 2, causing the circumference of the skirt to increase upon removal of the closure 1 from the container 2. This increased circumference may cause the frangible connection 10 on the skirt 8 to break or tear.

In this example, a portion of the skirt forms the hook member 22. The hook member 22 is located at a lower portion of the skirt 8. The flange 20 of the hook member 22, here hook-shaped, may be adapted to fold or flex upwardly along a hinge line when the closure 1 is attached to the container 2. The annular flange 20 of the hook member 22 may pivot about an integral hinge as a point of rotation, such that as the hook member 22 passes over the rim 18 of the container 2, the effective (inner) diameter of the skirt 8 expands and the tamper indicating frangible connection may tear, break, or be damaged.

The rim 18 of the container 2 may be shaped to allow effective engagement during removal of the closure 1 from the container 2. For this purpose, the rim 18 may have a compatible shape, so that the free end 26 of the flange can easily cooperate with the engagement portion 18a of the rim 18 in a complementary intended manner.

Fig. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the hook member 22 of the closure 1. Advantageously, the hook member 22 allows the closure 1 to be initially installed on the container 2 without rupturing the at least one frangible connection 10. The closure 1 comprises means for increasing the circumference of the skirt 8 when the closure 1 is moved in a direction to remove it from the container 2, wherein the skirt 8 is configured to deform when its effective outer diameter increases such that the at least one tamper indicating frangible connection 10 breaks or tears. The at least one frangible connection may rupture or tear when a threshold diameter for rupturing the at least one frangible connection 10 is reached. To this end, according to this example, the closure 1 comprises a hook member 22 formed by the skirt 8. The skirt extends downwardly and has an inwardly and upwardly turned retention flange. In this way, a hook member 22 is formed, wherein the skirt 8 is arranged to form an integral hinge 28. The flange 20 is arranged to abut the rim of the container 2 when the closure 1 is moved in a direction to remove it from the container 2. The flange 20 is arranged such that during movement of the closure 1 in a direction to remove it from the container 2, it is hinged from a first position, in which the effective diameter of the skirt 8 is smaller than a threshold diameter for rupturing and/or rupturing the at least one frangible connection 10, to a second position, in which the effective diameter of the skirt 8 is larger than the threshold diameter for rupturing and/or rupturing the at least one tamper-indicating frangible connection 10 arranged on the skirt 8.

In this example, the inwardly-upwardly directed flange 20 of the skirt 8 has an upper free edge 26. The flange 20 may pivot about an integral hinge 28 which provides a hinge-like connection between the flange 20 and the remainder of the skirt 8, thereby allowing the effective diameter of the skirt 8 defined by the free edge 26 of the flange 20 to expand upon removal of the closure 1 from the container 2. The retention flange 20 of the skirt 8 is adapted to engage with the annular rim 18 of the container 2. Optionally, the retention flange 20 forms a stiffening rib having an outer free end 26 for engaging the rim of the container. The reinforcing rib may provide enhanced interaction with the container rim upon removal of the closure from the container.

A tamper evident closure 1 may allow for relatively easy and quick installation on a container 2 without breaking at least one frangible connection 10 on the skirt 8 of the closure 1, while providing a reliable indication of initial opening of the container 2.

In this example, the flange 20 forms an integral part of the skirt 8 and is connected to a second wall portion 24 of the skirt 8. Preferably, at least one tamper indicating frangible connection 10 is provided at or near the wall 24. The second wall portion 24 has a cross-sectional thickness D1. The flange 20 has a cross-sectional thickness D2 at its free end 26. In this example, the first wall portion 25 of the skirt 8 from which the second wall portion 24 depends has a cross-sectional thickness D3. In this example, the second wall portion 25 is dimensioned to enclose the rim 18 of the container 2. Advantageously, the hook member 22 is arranged such that the thickness D3 is less than the sum of the thicknesses D1 and D2, i.e. D3< D1+ D2. In this way, it may be made more difficult to use special tools to remove the closure 1 from the container 2 without breaking the at least one tamper-indicating frangible connection 10. If, for example, flange 20 is pushed against wall 24, a portion of the free end 26 of flange 20 may still project inwardly from portion 25 so that it may hook over the rim 18 of container 2 and still cause the effective diameter of skirt 8 to increase when closure 1 is removed from container 2 for removal, or at least in an attempt to do so. In this way, successful removal of the closure 1 from the container 2 can be prevented without damaging the weakened frangible connection 10. Advantageously, the closure 1 can accommodate varying degrees of dimensional tolerance, such as the inner diameter of the second wall portion 25, which may depend on the manufacturing process.

Typically, the container 2 and closure 1 may have a tolerance (e.g. in diameter or height) in the range of 0.2mm to 0.3 mm. At the position where the closure 1 is attached to the rim 18 of the container 2, a press fit (friction grip) can be obtained. The tolerance in the radial direction is acceptable and may cause more or less friction while the closure 1 may remain attached to the container 2. Because the flange 20 of the hook member 22 is folded (along the hinge line), a certain degree of tolerance in the height direction is acceptable. Thus, the closure 1 may effectively allow greater manufacturing flexibility.

Fig. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the hook member 22 with the flange 20 hinged to different positions (a) - (d). The flange 20 of the hook member 22 is flexibly connected to the bottom edge of the second wall portion 24 of the annular skirt 8 forming a flexible hinge member 28. The free end 26 of the flange 20 is rotatable between a downwardly extending (e.g., formed) position (see position (a)) and an upwardly and inwardly extending engagement position (see position (b)). The engaged position is obtained when the closure 1 is fitted on the container 2. In the engaged position, the free end 26 is disposed in the engaged position so as to engage the circumferential rim 18 of the container 2, thereby limiting the upward movement of the circumferential body 4 of the closure 1 during removal of the closure 1. Thus, the package with the closure 1 and container 2 comprises two cooperating projections arranged to engage to cause a local increase in the effective diameter of the skirt 8 on removal of the closure 1 from the container 2, thereby causing the tamper-indicating frangible connection 10 on the skirt 8 to break. In this way, a tamper-evident closure for a container can be obtained, which provides an effective visual indication of tampering.

The outer rim 18 of the container 2 may form an outwardly protruding radial locking surface. The rim 18 may also be formed as a result of a recess arranged on the container 2. To enable the retention function to be performed by the flange 20 of the hook member 22, the flange 20 may be formed to be relatively rigid. In this way, the flange can push more firmly against the rim 18, possibly enhancing the interaction when removing the closure 1 from the container 2.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the tamper evident closure 1. The rim 18 of the container is a circumferentially rounded protrusion extending from the outer surface or wall 30 of the container 2. The skirt 8 further comprises a circumferential protrusion 32 extending from the inner surface. Upon removal of the closure 1 from the container 2, the circumferential protrusion may cause the circumference (and/or diameter) of the skirt 8 to at least partially increase, thereby causing the tamper-indicating frangible connection 10 disposed on the skirt 8 to rupture or tear. Preferably, the tamper indicating frangible connection 10 is arranged in a circumferential direction. Advantageously, the closure 1 can be made in one piece.

The closure 1 comprises a circumferential body 4 and a skirt 8 depending therefrom. The skirt 8 may be, for example, a cylindrical skirt. The flange 20 of the annular hook member 22 may be dimensioned to create a wedge effect to provide resistance to the skirt 8 when removing the closure 1 from the container 2. In the embodiment illustrated in fig. 7, the annular skirt 8 comprises a wedge 32 extending towards the container 2. Moving the circumferential body 4 of the closure 1 upwards may cause an interaction between the wedge 32 and the rim 18 of the container 2. As a result of the interaction, the skirt 8 may deform and the effective diameter may effectively increase, causing the frangible connection disposed on the skirt 8 to break or tear.

The container 2 may have an annular convex surface projecting radially outwardly from the outer wall, forming an annular rim 18. The skirt 8 may have a threshold circumference at which the tamper indicating frangible connection 10 is arranged to rupture. Upon removal of the closure 1 from the container 2, the diameter may continuously increase until a threshold circumference is reached. Alternatively, the closure 1 may also comprise means for incrementally or selectively increasing the diameter. For example, container 2 may have a plurality of rims 18, each rim causing another diameter of skirt 8 due to interaction with circumferential projection 32. This is also envisaged for embodiments having a hook member comprising a flange 20 hingedly connected to the skirt 8.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the tamper evident closure 1. The tamper indicating frangible connection 10 is arranged to break upon initial removal of the closure 1 from the container 2. Tamper indicating frangible connection 10 separation is visible and can effectively indicate to the consumer that it has been previously used. Skirt 8 includes a hook member 22 having an upwardly-inwardly extending annular flange 20 including a free edge 26 arranged to eventually engage the lower surface of container rim 18 upon removal of closure 1 from container 2. In the stressed condition as a result of the closure 1 being moved by force from the container 2 for removal, during the upward push, the skirt 8 may expand in diameter while passing over the rim 18 of the container 2.

The hook members 22 may form an annular band on the skirt 8. The annular band may be interrupted at the location of the tamper indicating frangible connection 10. The annular hook member 22 may be folded radially inwardly and upwardly towards the upper end of the closure 1 when the closure 1 is applied to the container 2.

At least one of the bridge segments 14 may fracture as the diameter (and/or circumference) of the skirt 8 expands (e.g., the skirt 8 radially expands). Thus, the non-frangible flap 12 may be separated from the skirt 8 at least on one side of the flap 12. In this example, non-frangible flap 12 also includes a hook member 22 attached thereto. Hook member 22 may abut under peripheral rim 18 to create resistance to removal of closure 1 from container 2 when closure 1 is removed from container 2. Causing hook member 22 and rim 18 to engage one another. Further removal of the closure 1 causes the tamper indicating frangible connection 10 to break. The non-frangible flap 12 can be pushed outwardly because the free end 26 of the flange 20 is pushing against the container. Flap 12 is pushed outward making tampering more apparent to the user.

In addition, the hook members 22 may be arranged along the periphery of the remainder of the skirt 8, also forming an annular flap-like structure which folds upwardly along the inner surface of the skirt 8 when the closure 1 is applied to the container 2. When an attempt is made to force the closure apart from the container, the skirt is effectively retained by the annular flange 20 of the hook member 22, which abuts beneath a portion of the annular rim 18 disposed on the neck of the container 2. By arranging the tamper indicating frangible connection 10 in the circumferential direction, it is more difficult to manipulate the flap of the hook member 22 in order to remove the closure 1 without activating the tamper mechanism.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper evident closure 1. A slit 34 is arranged along the periphery of the skirt 8 above the tamper indicating frangible connection 10. The slits 34 may provide increased stress concentrations at the tamper indicating frangible connection 10. In this example, non-frangible flap 12 is not directly connected to hook member 22. In this example, the tamper indicating frangible connection 10 forms a circumferentially weakened section. When at least one of the bridge segments 14 is broken, the non-frangible flap 12 moves from its original position, indicating tampering. Alternatively, the container 2 may be provided with a tamper indication which becomes visible after at least partial movement of the non-frangible flap from its original position.

Fig. 10 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of the tamper evident closure 1 in which a non-frangible flap 12 is recessed into the skirt 8. Additionally or alternatively, a non-frangible flap 12 may be provided in a recess arranged in the skirt 8. In this example, non-frangible flap 12 is included in annular flange 20 via frangible bridge 14. In this example, the non-frangible flap 12 forms part of the flange 20. The flange 20 also extends along the remainder of the skirt 8. The rim 18 on the container 2 and the flange 20 (forming a hook member) on the skirt 8 can interact and lock together at the start of closure removal. When the closure is removed from the container, the annular flange 20 of the annular hook member 22 pushes against the rim 18 of the container 2, substantially preventing (further) axial movement of the closure 1. As a result of the pressure or force caused by the engagement, the effective diameter of the skirt 8 may increase such that at least one tamper indicating frangible connection 10 may be caused to enlarge and break, thereby exposing the skirt 8 of the closure 1 to evidence tampering or removal of the closure 1 from the container 2.

Figure 11 shows a top cross-sectional view of different skirts 8 comprising a different number of tamper indicating frangible connections 10. In fig. 11(a), the skirt 8 comprises only one frangible connection 10 extending over only a portion of the circumference of the skirt 8. In fig. 11(b) and (c), a plurality of frangible connections 10 are distributed over the circumference of the skirt 8. The relative position of the tamper indicating frangible connection 10 on the circumference of the skirt 8 may enable a more uniform or predictable open position (due to tearing or rupture) to be obtained around the periphery of the closure 1 and the container neck. Advantageously, a plurality of tamper indicating frangible connections 10 may be evenly distributed over the circumference of the skirt 8. In fig. 11(b), two tamper indicating

frangible connections

10a, 10b are arranged on opposite sides of the skirt 8. In fig. 11(c), four tamper indicating

frangible connections

10a, 10b, 10c, 10d are provided evenly on the skirt 8, with the tamper indicating

frangible connections

10a, 10b and

frangible connections

10c, 10d being arranged on opposite sides of the skirt 8 respectively. If too many tamper indicating frangible connections 10 are arranged along the circumference of the skirt 8, the increase in stress at the frangible connections may be reduced when attempting to remove the closure from the container. Preferably, the number of frangible connections is in the range of 1 to 8.

It is also possible that the tamper indicating frangible connections 10 are unevenly distributed over the circumference of the skirt 8.

Fig. 12 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper evident closure 1. The closure 1 further comprises a top wall comprising a lid 6 which, when opened, allows access to the container. The cap 6 itself may also include tamper-evident means for indicating previous opening. Typically, one or more frangible bridges are employed as tamper evident means for cap 6.

A folded strip is arranged on the closure 1, which folded strip acts as a hook in order to be held more firmly on the container 2. The folded strip further comprises segmented portions having weakened points, wherein the hooks provide resistance to separation when a force is applied to separate the container 2 and closure 1, thereby eventually breaking the weakened points. The rupture member would provide a significant missing portion of the overall closure which would allow one to see that someone attempted to separate the closure from the container prior to the intended user. In this example, moreover, a highlighted/differently coloured print 36 is provided on the container 2, which print is initially covered by the closure 1. Once the weakened point is broken, the highlighted/differently colored print 36 can become visible to ensure that attention is drawn to the missing piece of the closure 1. Additionally or alternatively, there may be provided "if the seal is broken, do not use" text or the like which becomes visible only when the detachable portion 38 of the skirt 8 is removed by tampering. Other means may be employed to visually attract more attention to the user.

Also in this example, the annular flange 20 of the hook member 22 is hingedly connected at a hinge line 28 of the annular band or skirt 8. The flange 20 is adapted to engage the peripheral rim 18 on the neck of the container 2. The annular flange 20 may initially point downward and turn upward when the closure 1 is attached to the container 2 (see fig. 6). The hook member may resemble a V-shape, U-shape, Y-shape, or J-shape. Once the closure 1 is attached to the container 2, the hook member 22 can catch the rim 18 of the container 2 when the closure 1 is pried upwardly. In this way, the tamper-indicating frangible connection 10 on the skirt 8 can effectively break when the closure 1 is removed from the container 2, thereby providing the user with a positive indication of possible tampering with the container.

Fig. 13 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a tamper evident closure 1 with a closable lid 6. In this embodiment, the lid 6 may be hingedly opened to provide access to the product within the container. As a consumer, there is no need to remove the circumferential body 4 of the closure 1 from the container 2 in order to access the product therein. The closure is designed to remove the product from the container 2 only through the lid 6 of the closure 1. The closure 1 further comprises means for indicating removal of the closure 1 from the container 2. The closure 1 is substantially coaxial with respect to the container 2. Further, the closure 1 surrounds an upper portion of the container 2. Optionally, the closable lid body 6 may further have a locking member (not shown) comprising a tamper-evident device, for example formed by a weakened bridge. Such a lock can be arranged hingedly by means of a hinge bridge on the circumferential body 4 of the closure 1, so that the lid 6 can be locked again (for example after use). The tamper-evident means of the locking member may indicate tampering or first use.

In this embodiment, the skirt 8 includes a line of weakness 44 forming a frangible connection. The skirt 8 may be an integral part of the closure 1 and depends from the circumferential body 4 of the closure 1. In this example, a plurality of weakening lines 44 are arranged in the circumferential direction along the periphery of the skirt 8 of the closure 1 so as to form weakened frangible annular lines. In this example, the weakening line 44 is an axially frangible connection forming a connection between the circumferential body 4 and the skirt 8 in the axial direction of the circumferential body 4. If the circumferential body 4 is pulled upwards, the part of the skirt at the bottom side of the closure 1 will tear off. The weakening obtained by the plurality of weakening lines 44, extending in the circumferential direction (horizontally in the figure), may cause tearing or rupture when the closure 1 is removed from the container 2. Tearing or rupturing may occur in different ways. The tearing or rupturing may occur in the axial direction, however, it is possible that the tearing propagates in a substantially circumferential direction of the closure 1. The closure 1 and/or container may provide a visual indication as to whether the contents of the container have been tampered with. Alternatively or additionally, at least a plurality of weakening lines 44 are replaced by longitudinal through slits.

The line of weakness 44 can rupture or break when an attempt is made to remove the closure from the container. The weakening line 44 is arranged to break or fracture upon removal of the closure 1 from the container 2 due to the increase in the effective diameter of the skirt 8.

In this example, a line of weakening is formed along the circumference of the skirt 8, which is intended to break only when the closure is separated from the closure (e.g. for removal).

In this example, a vertical cut or notch 46 is arranged in the skirt 8. In this way, upon rupture or tearing of the frangible line of weakness 44, at least one piece of the skirt 8 will fall off so that the tamper can become more visible or clear to the consumer. Said piece of skirt would then be missing or protrude from the circumferential body 4. In the instance where the vertical cut or notch 46 is missing, even if the line of weakness 44 is broken or torn, the piece of skirt 8 will not fall off completely or protrude less so that it will be less obvious to the consumer that the package has been tampered with.

Further, appropriate load distribution may be achieved through the cutout 46. A circumferential frangible connection may be provided bridging the cut-outs 46.

The cut-out may ensure that a vertical force exerted on the lower portion of the skirt 8 causes tearing when the closure 1 is removed from the container 2. When the closure 1 is pulled upwardly, it is the downward force on the skirt that causes the lines of weakness 44 to tear so that a portion of the skirt 8 can be disengaged from the circumferential body 4.

The weakening lines 44 may form a discontinuity on the periphery of the skirt 8 which is more sensitive to an increase in the effective diameter of the skirt 8. In this way, a predictable rupture or tear location on the skirt 8 can be obtained in the event that the closure 1 is removed from the container 2.

The weakened line 44 may form a tamper-evident strip or a frangible/frangible bridge.

In the example, the container 2 has a cylindrical outer wall. The mating closure 1 has a cylindrical outer wall which surrounds an aperture defined in the container. Optionally, the aperture of the container is further sealed by a sealing member (e.g., aluminum foil).

If the weakening line 44 has a thinner cross section, only a slight enlargement of the material may be allowed before breaking or tearing. In the event of unauthorized manipulation, the frangible connection will be more susceptible to damage or breakage than the remainder of the skirt.

It should be appreciated that the frangible connection may be an integral bridge portion. In addition, the annular skirt may also be integral with the circumferential body of the closure.

The closure 1 is suitable for all types of containers 2 having a peripheral rim, recess and/or protrusion, including containers 2 made of tin, plastic, glass, metal, etc. If a standard container 2 is used, the shape and size of the container 2 may be dependent on industry standards. The closure 1 is preferably made of plastic. However, other materials may also be used.

The annular hook member 22 can have a variety of different shapes and forms. For example, the hook member may be substantially V-shaped, U-shaped, Y-shaped or J-shaped having an annular flange 20 in its cross-section which extends below the peripheral rim 18 of the container 2 when the closure 1 is finally attached to the container 2. Such a shape may for example enable a simple and fast removal of the tamper indicating closure 1 from the injection moulding tool.

The closure 1 may be a one-piece moulded plastic closure 1. Alternatively, however, the closure may also comprise a plurality of portions connected relative to each other. Plastic materials such as polypropylene, polyethylene, and the like have a useful degree of elasticity. Other plastic materials such as polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylates, polyamides, styrene, etc. may also be used.

The tamper indicating frangible connection 10 may be of various types, for example, a bridge member joining two portions of the skirt, a frangible joint, a frangible bridge portion, a weakened region of reduced thickness, a break in the skirt 8 forming a weakened portion, circumferentially spaced bridge members, frangible ribs, a web of material, or the like. The tamper indicating frangible connection 10 is typically of a suitably thin dimension to tear during removal of the closure from the container. It is also conceivable to provide segments or continuous loops of thin material film that tear under load or stress.

The hook members 22 may form a continuous annular flange or a discontinuous annular flange along the periphery of the skirt 8. The annular flange 20 of the hook member 22 may extend axially upwardly and inwardly from the second wall portion 24 of the tamper indicating skirt 8 toward the wall 66 of the container 2. The annular flange 20 may be connected to the second wall portion 24 of the skirt 8 by a hinge portion. The annular flange 20 may have a free end 26 arranged to engage under the rim 18 of the container 2. Also, the rim 18 may be continuous or discontinuous.

The closure can be used with many types of containers. For this purpose, the container 2 comprises a circumferential rim 18. The circumferential rim 18 may also be formed by a portion of the container wall above an annular recess in the outer diameter of the container 2. The circumferentially inwardly extending protrusions or recesses arranged on the closure may be adapted to pass through or around corresponding circumferential recesses or protrusions arranged on the container 2. The circumferential recess or protrusion arranged on the container 2 may form a rim on the neck of the container. The closure 1 may for example be fitted on the container 2.

The container and closure may take a variety of designs. The illustrated embodiment has a cylindrical form. However, other shapes are also possible, such as oval, rectangular, polygonal, etc.

The invention is described herein with reference to specific examples of embodiments of the invention. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made therein without departing from the broader spirit of the invention. For the purposes of clarity and conciseness, features are described herein as part of the same or separate examples or embodiments, however, alternative embodiments having combinations of all or some of the features described in these separate embodiments are also contemplated and understood to fall within the framework of the present disclosure as outlined by the claims. The specification, drawings, and examples are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative sense rather than a restrictive sense. The invention is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances which fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Further, many of the described elements are functional entities that may be implemented as discrete or distributed components or in combination with other components, in any suitable combination and location.

In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other features or steps than those listed in a claim. Furthermore, the words "a" and "an" should not be construed as limited to "only one," but are instead used to refer to "at least one," and do not exclude a plurality. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.

Claims

1. A tamper-evident closure for a container, the closure comprising a peripheral body and a lid, wherein the peripheral body is attachable to the container and the lid is arranged to provide a closable access to the container through the peripheral body;

2. The closure of claim 1, wherein the at least one frangible connection is disposed in a circumferential direction of the skirt.

3. The closure of claim 2, wherein the frangible connection comprises a non-frangible flap inserted in the frangible connection.

4. The closure of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the skirt forms a closed circumference with the at least one frangible connection.

5. The closure of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one frangible connection comprises a frangible connection connecting the skirt to the circumferential body.

6. The closure of claim 5, wherein the skirt is further connected to the circumferential body by a non-frangible connection.

7. A closure as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the skirt extends downwardly and has an inwardly and upwardly turned retention flange arranged to engage with a rim arranged on the circumference of the container when the closure is removed from the container.

8. The closure of claim 7, wherein the retention flange is arranged such that during movement of the closure in a direction to remove it from the container, the retention flange hinges from a first position in which the inner perimeter of the skirt is less than a threshold perimeter for rupturing and/or rupturing at least one frangible connection to a second position in which the inner perimeter of the skirt is greater than the threshold perimeter for rupturing and/or rupturing at least one frangible connection.

9. A closure as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which a plurality of frangible connections are distributed around the circumference of the skirt.

10. The closure of claim 9, wherein the plurality of frangible connections are evenly or unevenly distributed over the circumference of the skirt.

11. A closure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the number of frangible connections is in the range of one to eight.

12. A tamper-evident package comprising a container provided with a closure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. A method for making a tamper-evident package, comprising:

providing a container having an externally extending rim;

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the at least one frangible connection is arranged in a circumferential direction of the skirt.