CN110826615A - Method, device, equipment, medium and data acquisition system for classifying pollutants - Google Patents
Method, device, equipment, medium and data acquisition system for classifying pollutants Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for classifying pollutants, which comprises the following steps: acquiring spectral data of to-be-detected dirt on the surface of an insulator; carrying out normalization processing on the spectrum data to obtain full spectrum data; performing cluster analysis on the full spectrum data according to a preset principal component analysis method model to obtain a pollution score map; judging the pollution type of the to-be-detected pollution on the surface of the insulator according to the pollution score map; wherein the types of insults include: algal foulings and general foulings. The embodiment of the invention also provides a device, equipment, a medium and a data acquisition system for classifying the pollutants, and the problem that the pollution type of the pollutants on the surface of the insulator cannot be accurately distinguished in the prior art is solved by adopting a plurality of embodiments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of insulator pollution classification, in particular to a pollution classification method, a device, equipment, a medium and a data acquisition system.
Background
In a power transmission line, an insulator plays double roles of mechanical connection and electrical insulation between a lead and an iron tower, and mainly comprises a suspension insulator, a strain insulator, a cross arm insulator and the like. In substations or converter stations, insulators are used for insulation or mechanical fixation between conductors and earthed bodies. The insulator is influenced by emissions of factories, traffic, agriculture, mines, life and the like, natural dust falling and the like during operation, so that some dirty substances are accumulated on the surface of the insulator during the working process. In a humid environment, if algae are attached to the surface of the insulator, pollution flashover discharge may occur, resulting in pollution flashover accidents.
The existing method for identifying the pollution on the surface of the insulator is to detect by using an image detection method, wherein in the measurement process, an insulator image is firstly shot, and then a series of treatments are carried out on the insulator image, so that the distribution condition of the algae pollution can be analyzed. The color of the algae is affected by the growth condition of the algae, the distribution condition of the algae, the thickness of the accumulated algae filth and the like, so that the image analysis result has great errors, and the filth type of the filth on the surface of the insulator cannot be accurately distinguished.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method, a device, equipment, a medium and a data acquisition system for classifying pollutants, which can effectively solve the problem that the prior art cannot accurately distinguish the pollution type of the pollutants on the surface of an insulator.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for classifying contaminants, including:
acquiring spectral data of to-be-detected dirt on the surface of an insulator;
carrying out normalization processing on the spectrum data to obtain full spectrum data;
performing cluster analysis on the full spectrum data according to a preset principal component analysis method model to obtain a pollution score map; wherein the filth score map comprises: a first pollution score map and a second pollution score map;
judging the pollution type of the to-be-detected pollution on the surface of the insulator according to the pollution score map; wherein the types of insults include: algal foulings and general foulings.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the determining a contamination type of the contamination to be measured on the surface of the insulator according to the contamination score map specifically includes:
the first pollution score map score is less than 5000 and the second pollution score map score is greater than 0, and the pollution type of the to-be-detected pollution is algae pollution;
and if the score of the first pollution score map is less than 5000 and the score of the second pollution score map is less than 0, the pollution type of the to-be-detected pollution is common pollution.
As an improvement of the above scheme, after the obtaining of the spectral data of the contamination to be measured on the surface of the insulator, before performing normalization processing on the spectral data to obtain full spectral data, the method further includes:
and removing the interference of the background spectrum in the spectral data.
As a modification of the above, the wavelength range of the spectral data is 195.825 nm-641.167 nm.
The other embodiment of the invention correspondingly provides a system for acquiring spectral data, which is used for acquiring the spectral number of the to-be-detected dirt in the method for classifying the dirt;
the system for acquiring spectral data comprises: the device comprises a sample box, a laser, a reflector for reflecting a laser signal of the laser, a convex lens for receiving the signal reflected by the reflector and refracting the signal and then transmitting the signal to the sample box, a collimating mirror for receiving a spectral signal of a dirt to be detected in the sample box, a spectrometer, a calculator for receiving the spectral signal of the spectrometer and a controller for controlling the laser and the spectrometer;
the controller is respectively connected with the control end of the laser and the control end of the spectrometer, the input end of the spectrometer is connected with the collimating mirror, and the output end of the spectrometer is connected with the calculator;
the laser is right opposite to the center of the reflector, the reflector is inclined at a preset angle, a sample box is arranged along the main optical axis of the convex lens, and the collimating mirror is arranged 45 degrees above the sample box; and the signal reflected by the reflector is emitted from the optical center of the convex lens.
Another embodiment of the present invention correspondingly provides a device for classifying contaminants, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring spectral data of the to-be-detected dirt on the surface of the insulator;
the processing module is used for carrying out normalization processing on the spectrum data to obtain full spectrum data;
the analysis module is used for carrying out cluster analysis on the full spectrum data according to a preset principal component analysis method model to obtain a pollution score map; wherein the filth score map comprises: a first pollution score map and a second pollution score map;
the classification module is used for judging the pollution type of the to-be-detected pollution on the surface of the insulator according to the pollution score map; wherein the types of insults include: algal foulings and general foulings.
As an improvement of the above, the apparatus further comprises:
and the preprocessing module is used for removing the interference of the background spectrum in the spectrum data.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a dirty classification terminal device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, where the processor implements the method for classifying the dirty according to the above embodiment of the present invention when executing the computer program.
Another embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, where when the computer program runs, the apparatus where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the method for classifying a filth according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention.
Compared with the prior art, the method, the device, the equipment and the medium for classifying the pollutants disclosed by the embodiment of the invention have the advantages that the spectral data of the pollutants to be detected on the surface of the insulator are obtained, the spectral data are normalized to obtain the full spectral data, the full spectral data are subjected to cluster analysis according to a preset principal component analysis model, so that the pollution score map is obtained, the pollution type of the pollutants to be detected on the surface of the insulator is judged according to the pollution score map, the problem of accurately distinguishing the pollution type of the pollutants to be detected on the surface of the insulator is solved, the pollution flash discharge caused by damp pollutants of the insulator of the power transmission line is avoided, and the reliability and the safety of the power transmission line are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for classifying a contaminant according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram illustrating normalization processing according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for acquiring spectral data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for classifying contaminants according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a filth sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for classifying contaminants according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The method for classifying the pollutants provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
and S10, acquiring the spectral data of the contamination to be detected on the surface of the insulator.
In the present embodiment, the spectral data is acquired by the acquisition system of the spectral data. Obtaining the spectral data with 12312 data points and the wavelength range from 195.825nm to 641.167nm
And S20, carrying out normalization processing on the spectrum data to obtain full spectrum data.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the full spectrum data after normalization processing is used as an input matrix of a preset principal component analysis model.
S30, performing cluster analysis on the full spectrum data according to a preset principal component analysis model to obtain a pollution score map; wherein the filth score map comprises: a first pollution score map and a second pollution score map.
The principal component analysis method is a numerical value dimensionality reduction method, variables are mapped into a low-dimensional coordinate system through space, linear correlation among the variables is reduced, and therefore clustering analysis can be conducted on input objects through a principal component analysis method model.
Specifically, the full spectrum data is input to a component analysis formula to obtain a preset principal component analysis model.
S40, judging the pollution type of the to-be-detected pollution on the surface of the insulator according to the pollution score map; wherein the types of insults include: algal foulings and general foulings.
Specifically, if the first pollution score map score is less than 5000 and the second pollution score map score is greater than 0, the pollution type of the to-be-detected pollution is algae pollution;
and if the score of the first pollution score map is less than 5000 and the score of the second pollution score map is less than 0, the pollution type of the to-be-detected pollution is common pollution.
In conclusion, the full spectrum data is obtained by acquiring the spectrum data of the to-be-detected dirt on the surface of the insulator, the full spectrum data is subjected to normalization processing, the full spectrum data is subjected to cluster analysis according to the preset principal component analysis model, so that the dirt score map is obtained, the dirt type of the to-be-detected dirt on the surface of the insulator is judged according to the dirt score map, the problem of accurately distinguishing the dirt type of the to-be-detected dirt on the surface of the insulator is solved, the pollution flashover discharge caused by the damp dirt of the power transmission line insulator is avoided, and the reliability and the safety of the power transmission line are improved.
As an improvement of the above scheme, after the obtaining of the spectral data of the contamination to be measured on the surface of the insulator, before performing normalization processing on the spectral data to obtain full spectral data, the method further includes:
and removing the interference of the background spectrum in the spectral data.
In this embodiment, a background spectrum is obtained before the experiment, and interference of the background spectrum is removed by matlab software.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for acquiring spectral data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention correspondingly provides a system for acquiring spectral data, which is used for acquiring the spectral number of the to-be-detected dirt in the method for classifying the dirt;
the system for acquiring spectral data comprises: the device comprises a sample box, a laser, a reflector for reflecting a laser signal of the laser, a convex lens for receiving the signal reflected by the reflector and refracting the signal and then transmitting the signal to the sample box, a collimating mirror for receiving a spectral signal of a dirt to be detected in the sample box, a spectrometer, a calculator for receiving the spectral signal of the spectrometer and a controller for controlling the laser and the spectrometer;
the controller is respectively connected with the control end of the laser and the control end of the spectrometer, the input end of the spectrometer is connected with the collimating mirror, and the output end of the spectrometer is connected with the calculator. In this embodiment, the input end of the spectrometer is connected to the collimating mirror through an optical fiber.
The laser is right opposite to the center of the reflector, the reflector is inclined at a preset angle, a sample box is arranged along the main optical axis of the convex lens, and the collimating mirror is arranged 45 degrees above the sample box; and the signal reflected by the reflector is emitted from the optical center of the convex lens. The reflector is inclined at a preset angle of 45 degrees.
Specifically, by utilizing a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology, plasma is induced and generated on the surface of the insulator with the attached dirt by generating laser pulses with extremely high power density, the plasma is sent to a collimating mirror and collected by an optical fiber to obtain spectral information, and the spectrometer sends the obtained spectral information to a calculator.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a filth classification apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention correspondingly provides a device for classifying pollutants, including:
the acquisition module 10 is configured to acquire spectral data of the contamination to be detected on the surface of the insulator.
And the processing module 20 is configured to perform normalization processing on the spectrum data to obtain full spectrum data.
The analysis module 30 is configured to perform cluster analysis on the full spectrum data according to a preset principal component analysis model to obtain a pollution score map; wherein the filth score map comprises: a first pollution score map and a second pollution score map.
The classification module 40 is used for judging the pollution type of the to-be-detected pollution on the surface of the insulator according to the pollution score map; wherein the types of insults include: algal foulings and general foulings.
As an improvement of the above, the apparatus further comprises:
and the preprocessing module is used for removing the interference of the background spectrum in the spectrum data.
The embodiment of the invention provides a pollution classification device, which obtains full spectrum data by acquiring spectral data of pollutants to be detected on the surface of an insulator, performs normalization processing on the spectral data to obtain the full spectrum data, performs cluster analysis on the full spectrum data according to a preset principal component analysis method model to obtain a pollution score map, and further judges the pollution type of the pollutants to be detected on the surface of the insulator according to the pollution score map, so that the problem of accurately distinguishing the pollution type of the pollutants to be detected on the surface of the insulator is solved, pollution flashover discharge caused by damp pollutants of an insulator of a power transmission line is avoided, and the reliability and the safety of the power transmission line are improved.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a filth sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The filth classification apparatus of this embodiment includes: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The processor implements the steps in the above-described respective method embodiments of classifying a contamination when executing the computer program. Alternatively, the processor implements the functions of the modules/units in the above device embodiments when executing the computer program.
Illustratively, the computer program may be partitioned into one or more modules/units that are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to implement the invention. The one or more modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing a specific function, which is used to describe the execution process of the computer program in the classification device of the filth.
The dirty classification device can be a desktop computer, a notebook, a palm computer, a cloud server and other computing devices. The dirty classification device may include, but is not limited to, a processor, a memory. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the schematic diagram is merely an example of a sorting apparatus for a filthy, and does not constitute a limitation of the apparatus/terminal apparatus, and may include more or less components than those shown, or combine some components, or different components, for example, the sorting apparatus for a filthy may further include an input-output device, a network access device, a bus, etc.
The Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, discrete Gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, etc. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like, said processor being the control center for said sorting apparatus of the waste, and various interfaces and lines are used to connect the various parts of the entire sorting apparatus of the waste.
The memory may be configured to store the computer program and/or module, and the processor may implement various functions of the filth sorting apparatus by running or executing the computer program and/or module stored in the memory and calling data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required by at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, a phonebook, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone, and the like. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
Wherein, the module/unit integrated with the filth classification device can be stored in a computer readable storage medium if the module/unit is realized in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier wave signals, telecommunications signals, software distribution medium, and the like.
It should be noted that the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, where the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the embodiment of the apparatus provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, and may be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for classifying a contaminant, comprising:
acquiring spectral data of to-be-detected dirt on the surface of an insulator;
carrying out normalization processing on the spectrum data to obtain full spectrum data;
performing cluster analysis on the full spectrum data according to a preset principal component analysis method model to obtain a pollution score map; wherein the filth score map comprises: a first pollution score map and a second pollution score map;
judging the pollution type of the to-be-detected pollution on the surface of the insulator according to the pollution score map; wherein the types of insults include: algal foulings and general foulings.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining a contamination type of the contamination to be measured on the surface of the insulator according to the contamination score map specifically comprises:
the first pollution score map score is less than 5000 and the second pollution score map score is greater than 0, and the pollution type of the to-be-detected pollution is algae pollution;
and if the score of the first pollution score map is less than 5000 and the score of the second pollution score map is less than 0, the pollution type of the to-be-detected pollution is common pollution.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein after the obtaining the spectral data of the contaminant to be measured on the surface of the insulator, before performing normalization processing on the spectral data to obtain full spectral data, the method further comprises:
and removing the interference of the background spectrum in the spectral data.
4. The method of classifying a filth of claim 1, wherein the spectral data has a wavelength in a range from 195.825nm to 641.167 nm.
5. A system for acquiring spectral data of a to-be-tested filth in the method for classifying filths according to claims 1 to 4;
the system for acquiring spectral data comprises: the device comprises a sample box, a laser, a reflector for reflecting a laser signal of the laser, a convex lens for receiving the signal reflected by the reflector and refracting the signal and then transmitting the signal to the sample box, a collimating mirror for receiving a spectral signal of a dirt to be detected in the sample box, a spectrometer, a calculator for receiving the spectral signal of the spectrometer and a controller for controlling the laser and the spectrometer;
the controller is respectively connected with the control end of the laser and the control end of the spectrometer, the input end of the spectrometer is connected with the collimating mirror, and the output end of the spectrometer is connected with the calculator;
the laser is right opposite to the center of the reflector, the reflector is inclined at a preset angle, a sample box is arranged along the main optical axis of the convex lens, and the collimating mirror is arranged 45 degrees above the sample box; and the signal reflected by the reflector is emitted from the optical center of the convex lens.
6. A kind of dirty classification device, characterized by, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring spectral data of the to-be-detected dirt on the surface of the insulator;
the processing module is used for carrying out normalization processing on the spectrum data to obtain full spectrum data;
the analysis module is used for carrying out cluster analysis on the full spectrum data according to a preset principal component analysis method model to obtain a pollution score map; wherein the filth score map comprises: a first pollution score map and a second pollution score map;
the classification module is used for judging the pollution type of the to-be-detected pollution on the surface of the insulator according to the pollution score map; wherein the types of insults include: algal foulings and general foulings.
7. The apparatus for classifying a foulant of claim 6, further comprising:
and the preprocessing module is used for removing the interference of the background spectrum in the spectrum data.
8. An filth classification terminal device, comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the processor implementing the filth classification method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising a stored computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed, controls an apparatus on which the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the method for classifying a filth according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN201911053928.5A CN110826615A (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | Method, device, equipment, medium and data acquisition system for classifying pollutants |
| PCT/CN2020/107541 WO2021082593A1 (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2020-08-06 | Pollution classification method, apparatus and device, medium, and data obtaining system |
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Cited By (2)
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| WO2021082593A1 (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-06 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Pollution classification method, apparatus and device, medium, and data obtaining system |
| CN113624713A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-11-09 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method and device for detecting filthy components on surface of post insulator |
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| CN115656202B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2024-06-04 | 西安交通大学 | Multiband optical detection device for surface state of insulator |
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