CN110816881B - Aerostat thermal characteristic test method - Google Patents

Aerostat thermal characteristic test method Download PDF

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CN110816881B
CN110816881B CN201911061365.4A CN201911061365A CN110816881B CN 110816881 B CN110816881 B CN 110816881B CN 201911061365 A CN201911061365 A CN 201911061365A CN 110816881 B CN110816881 B CN 110816881B
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aerostat
data acquisition
temperature
acquisition module
module
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CN110816881A (en
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刘强
李兆杰
杨燕初
才晶晶
祝榕辰
赵凯彬
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Aerospace Information Research Institute of CAS
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64FGROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B64F5/00Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
    • B64F5/60Testing or inspecting aircraft components or systems

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  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an aerostat thermal characteristic test method, which comprises the following steps: s1, connecting a data acquisition instrument with a data storage and processing module, and debugging the running state; s2, installing a data acquisition module on the aerostat, and debugging the aerostat; s3, testing the thermal characteristics of the aerostat; s4, completing analysis and processing of thermal characteristic test data of the aerostat after the test; the test method can truly reflect the thermal characteristics of the aerostat under certain thermal environment conditions, so that the aerostat thermal characteristic calculation model is verified and perfected.

Description

Aerostat thermal characteristic test method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aerostatics, and particularly relates to an aerostat thermal characteristic test method.
Background
The aerostat utilizes buoyancy lift gas with the internal filling density lower than that of air to obtain buoyancy lift force to achieve levitation and high-altitude resident flight, the thermal characteristics of the aerostat greatly influence the flight characteristics of the aerostat, and at present, a test method capable of comprehensively testing the thermal characteristics of the aerostat does not exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a test method capable of measuring the thermal characteristics of an aerostat so as to obtain thermal characteristic data of the aerostat under certain thermal environment conditions.
The invention provides an aerostat thermal characteristic test method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, connecting a data acquisition instrument with a data storage and processing module, and debugging the running state;
s2, installing a data acquisition module on the aerostat, and debugging the aerostat;
s3, testing the thermal characteristics of the aerostat;
and S4, completing analysis and processing of thermal characteristic test data of the aerostat after the test.
Further, the step S1 includes: and S101, connecting the environment data acquisition module, the aerostat temperature data acquisition module and the aerostat differential pressure data acquisition module to a data acquisition and storage module, and starting the environment data acquisition module, the aerostat temperature data acquisition module and the aerostat differential pressure data acquisition module to ensure that the environment data acquisition module, the aerostat temperature data acquisition module and the aerostat differential pressure data acquisition module are normal in function and accurate in data acquisition.
Further, the step S1 further includes: and step S102, debugging the test state recording module to ensure the test state recording module to have normal functions.
Further, the step S1 includes: and S103, starting the thermal infrared imager to ensure the normal function of the thermal infrared imager, and setting thermal infrared imager parameters according to the surface infrared emissivity of the aerostat.
Further, the step S2 includes: step S201, arranging temperature sensors on temperature measuring points on the surface and inside of the aerostat according to the type of the aerostat, adhering the surface temperature sensor to the surface of the aerostat by using an adhesive tape, and connecting the inside temperature sensor with the outside and the inside by using a through-wall flange;
step S202, an aerostat differential pressure data acquisition module is installed on an aerostat and connected to a data acquisition and processing module;
and step S203, filling helium into the aerostat, moving the aerostat to an outdoor open place, and suspending and fixing the aerostat by using a rope.
Further, the step S3 includes: step S301, starting an environment data acquisition module, an aerostat temperature data acquisition module and an aerostat pressure difference data acquisition module, testing aerostat thermal characteristic data, and transmitting the aerostat thermal characteristic data to a data acquisition, storage and processing module;
and step S302, in the test process, using a test state recording module for recording the state change of the aerostat in the test process.
Furthermore, the aerostat is a boat-shaped aerostat, the bladder body of the boat-shaped aerostat is divided into five temperature measuring areas along the length direction, and 8 temperature measuring points are uniformly arranged on the surface of the bladder body in the circumferential direction at intervals of 45 degrees in each temperature measuring area; and 9 temperature measuring points or 5 temperature measuring points are uniformly arranged in the capsule body along two mutually perpendicular directions passing through the center of the section.
Furthermore, the aerostat is a spherical aerostat, the balloon body of the spherical aerostat is divided into five temperature measurement areas along the vertical height direction, the surfaces of the two temperature measurement areas at the top end and the bottom end of the balloon body are respectively provided with a temperature measurement point, and the surface temperatures of the top end and the bottom end of the balloon body of the spherical aerostat are measured; in the middle three temperature measuring areas, 8 temperature measuring points are uniformly arranged on the surface of the bag body in the circumferential direction at intervals of 45 degrees; and 9 temperature measuring points or 5 temperature measuring points are uniformly arranged in the capsule body along two mutually perpendicular directions passing through the center of the section.
Furthermore, two temperature measuring points are arranged in the middle of the three temperature measuring areas along the vertical height direction on the central line in the spherical aerostat.
Further, if the aerostat has a solar cell, a temperature measuring point is arranged on the upper surface of the solar cell.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the thermal characteristic of the aerostat can be comprehensively tested by the aerostat thermal characteristic test method, and the thermal characteristic of the aerostat under a certain thermal environment condition can be truly reflected by the test method, so that the aerostat thermal characteristic calculation model is verified and perfected.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal characteristic testing system of an aerostat.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of temperature measuring points of the boat-shaped aerostat.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of temperature measuring points of the spherical aerostat.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals: 1. an aerostat; 2. an environmental data acquisition module; 3. the aerostat temperature data acquisition module; 4. the aerostat differential pressure data acquisition module; 5. a data storage and processing module; 6. and a test state recording module.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the aerostat thermal characteristic test system comprises six modules, namely an aerostat 1, an environment data acquisition module 2, an aerostat temperature data acquisition module 3, an aerostat differential pressure data acquisition module 4, a data storage and processing module 5 and a test state recording module 6.
The environmental data acquisition module 2, the aerostat differential pressure data acquisition module 3 and the aerostat differential pressure data acquisition module 4 are connected with the data storage and processing module 5.
The aerostat 1 is a thermal characteristic test object, and includes an aerostat such as an airship, a captive balloon, a zero-pressure balloon or an overpressure balloon.
The environmental data acquisition module 2 comprises an environmental atmospheric temperature tester, an environmental atmospheric pressure tester, an environmental atmospheric humidity tester, an environmental wind speed tester and a solar radiation intensity tester, and is used for measuring environmental atmospheric temperature data, environmental atmospheric pressure data, environmental atmospheric humidity data, environmental wind speed tester and solar radiation intensity data.
The aerostat temperature data acquisition module 3 comprises a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is used for measuring the surface and internal temperature data of the aerostat, and the aerostat temperature data are transmitted to the data storage and processing module in real time in the experimental process;
aerostatics temperature data acquisition module 3 still includes infrared imaging appearance for measure aerostatics surface temperature distribution, test data storage is in infrared imaging appearance, and the exclusive use of in the testing process is in data storage and processing module with data storage after experimental.
The aerostat differential pressure data acquisition module 4 comprises a differential pressure sensor and is used for measuring the differential pressure inside and outside the aerostat.
The data storage and processing module 5 is mainly composed of computer hardware and data processing software, and is used for storing and processing data transmitted by each data acquisition unit.
And the test state recording module 6 consists of two cameras and is used for recording the state change of the aerostat in the test process.
All data are collected and stored in a computer, and test data are used for verifying and perfecting the calculation model of the thermal characteristics of the aerostat and guiding the design of a subsequent experimental scheme.
Example 2
An aerostat thermal characteristic test method comprises the following steps:
and S1, connecting a data acquisition instrument with a data storage and processing module, and debugging the running state.
Step S101, connecting an environment data acquisition module, an aerostat temperature data acquisition module and an aerostat pressure difference data acquisition module to a data acquisition and storage module, and starting the environment data acquisition module, the aerostat temperature data acquisition module and the aerostat pressure difference data acquisition module to ensure that the environment data acquisition module, the aerostat temperature data acquisition module and the aerostat pressure difference data acquisition module are normal in function and accurate in data acquisition;
and step S102, debugging the test state recording module to ensure the test state recording module to have normal functions.
And S103, starting the thermal infrared imager to ensure the normal function of the thermal infrared imager, and setting thermal infrared imager parameters according to the surface infrared emissivity of the aerostat.
Step S103, debugging the test state recording module to ensure that the test state recording module has normal functions.
And S2, installing a data acquisition module on the aerostat, and debugging the aerostat.
Step S201, arranging temperature sensors on temperature measuring points on the surface and inside of the aerostat according to the type of the aerostat, adhering the surface temperature sensor to the surface of the aerostat by using an adhesive tape, and connecting the inside temperature sensor with the outside and the inside by using a through-wall flange;
step S202, an aerostat differential pressure data acquisition module is installed on an aerostat and connected to a data acquisition and processing module;
step S203, filling helium into the aerostat, moving the aerostat to an outdoor open place, and suspending and fixing the aerostat by using a rope;
and S3, testing the thermal characteristics of the aerostat.
Step S301, starting an environment data acquisition module, an aerostat temperature data acquisition module and a pressure difference data acquisition module, testing aerostat thermal characteristic data, and transmitting the aerostat thermal characteristic data to a data acquisition, storage and processing module;
and step S302, in the test process, using a test state recording module for recording the state change of the aerostat in the test process.
And S4, completing analysis and processing of thermal characteristic test data of the aerostat after the test, thereby verifying and perfecting the thermal characteristic calculation model of the aerostat.
If the aerostat is a boat-shaped aerostat, the temperature measuring points on the surface of the balloon of the boat-shaped aerostat and inside the balloon are arranged as shown in figure 2. The small round points are temperature measuring points on the surface of the capsule body of the boat-shaped aerostat, and the small square blocks are temperature measuring points of gas inside the capsule body of the boat-shaped aerostat.
Dividing a bag body of the boat-shaped aerostat into five temperature measuring areas along the length direction, wherein 8 temperature measuring points are uniformly distributed on the surface of the bag body in the circumferential direction at intervals of 45 degrees in each temperature measuring area; 9 temperature measuring points are uniformly arranged in the capsule body along two mutually perpendicular directions passing through the center of the section, and if the diameter of the section is smaller, the number of the temperature measuring points can be reduced to 5.
As shown in fig. 2, if there is a solar cell, a temperature measuring point is arranged on the upper surface of the solar cell.
If the aerostat is a spherical aerostat, the temperature measurement point arrangement of the balloon surface and the balloon interior of the spherical aerostat is shown in fig. 3. The small round points are temperature measuring points on the surface of the spherical aerostat capsule body, and the small square blocks are temperature measuring points of gas inside the spherical aerostat capsule body.
Dividing the spherical aerostat airbag into five temperature measurement areas along the vertical height direction, wherein the surfaces of the two temperature measurement areas at the top end and the bottom end of the airbag are respectively provided with a temperature measurement point for measuring the surface temperature of the top end and the bottom end of the spherical aerostat airbag; in the middle three temperature measuring areas, 8 temperature measuring points are uniformly arranged on the surface of the bag body in the circumferential direction at intervals of 45 degrees; 9 temperature measuring points are uniformly arranged in the capsule body along two mutually perpendicular directions passing through the center of the section, and if the diameter of the section is smaller, the number of the temperature measuring points can be reduced to 5. Two temperature measuring points are arranged in the middle of the three temperature measuring areas along the vertical height direction on the central line in the spherical aerostat to measure the temperature of the internal gas.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. The method for testing the thermal characteristics of the aerostat is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, connecting a data acquisition instrument with a data storage and processing module, and debugging the running state;
step S101, connecting an environment data acquisition module, an aerostat temperature data acquisition module and an aerostat pressure difference data acquisition module to a data acquisition and storage module, and starting the environment data acquisition module, the aerostat temperature data acquisition module and the aerostat pressure difference data acquisition module to ensure that the environment data acquisition module, the aerostat temperature data acquisition module and the aerostat pressure difference data acquisition module are normal in function and accurate in data acquisition;
step S102, debugging the test state recording module to ensure the test state recording module to be normal in function;
step S103, starting the thermal infrared imager to ensure the normal function of the thermal infrared imager, and setting thermal infrared imager parameters according to the infrared emissivity of the surface of the aerostat;
step S103, debugging the test state recording module to ensure that the test state recording module has normal functions;
s2, installing a data acquisition module on the aerostat, and debugging the aerostat;
step S201, arranging temperature sensors on temperature measuring points on the surface and inside of the aerostat according to the type of the aerostat, sticking the surface temperature sensor to the surface of the aerostat by using an adhesive tape, and connecting the inside temperature sensor and the outside temperature sensor by using a through-wall flange;
step S202, an aerostat differential pressure data acquisition module is arranged on an aerostat and is connected to a data acquisition and processing module;
step S203, filling helium into the aerostat, moving the aerostat to an outdoor open place, and suspending and fixing the aerostat by using a rope;
s3, testing the thermal characteristics of the aerostat;
step S301, starting an environment data acquisition module, an aerostat temperature data acquisition module and a pressure difference data acquisition module, testing aerostat thermal characteristic data, and transmitting the aerostat thermal characteristic data to a data acquisition, storage and processing module;
step S302, in the test process, a test state recording module is used for recording the state change of the aerostat in the test process;
s4, after the test, completing analysis and processing of thermal characteristic test data of the aerostat, thereby verifying and perfecting a thermal characteristic calculation model of the aerostat;
if the aerostat is a boat-shaped aerostat, dividing a bladder body of the boat-shaped aerostat into five temperature measurement areas along the length direction, wherein 8 temperature measurement points are uniformly distributed on the surface of the bladder body at intervals of 45 degrees in the circumferential direction in each temperature measurement area; 9 temperature measuring points are uniformly arranged in the capsule body along two mutually vertical directions passing through the center of the cross section;
if the solar cell exists, arranging a temperature measuring point on the upper surface of the solar cell;
if the aerostat is a spherical aerostat, dividing a spherical aerostat capsule body into five temperature measurement areas along the vertical height direction, wherein the surfaces of the two temperature measurement areas at the top end and the bottom end of the capsule body are respectively provided with a temperature measurement point for measuring the surface temperature of the top end and the bottom end of the spherical aerostat capsule body; in the middle three temperature measuring areas, 8 temperature measuring points are uniformly arranged on the surface of the bag body in the circumferential direction at intervals of 45 degrees; and 9 temperature measuring points are uniformly distributed in the capsule body along two mutually vertical directions of the cross section center, and two temperature measuring points are distributed in the middle of three temperature measuring areas along the vertical height direction on the central line in the spherical aerostat to measure the temperature of the internal gas.
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CN106124144A (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-11-16 中国科学院光电研究院 A kind of aerostatics mode testing method and system
CN109446559A (en) * 2018-09-20 2019-03-08 中国人民解放军63653部队 A kind of aerostatics radiation thermo environmental property evaluation method
CN109515744A (en) * 2018-11-02 2019-03-26 合肥工业大学 Contracting is than aerostatics experimental rig under a kind of complex environment
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