CN110816791A - Water injection and drainage control method for slender underwater buoyancy tank - Google Patents
Water injection and drainage control method for slender underwater buoyancy tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN110816791A CN110816791A CN201810927078.6A CN201810927078A CN110816791A CN 110816791 A CN110816791 A CN 110816791A CN 201810927078 A CN201810927078 A CN 201810927078A CN 110816791 A CN110816791 A CN 110816791A
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- buoyancy tank
- buoyancy
- water injection
- tank
- water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
- B63C11/52—Tools specially adapted for working underwater, not otherwise provided for
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
A water injection and drainage control method for a slender underwater buoyancy tank belongs to the field of ocean observation. The method comprises the steps of setting a working surface of a buoyancy tank, balancing weight to ensure that an air pipe of the buoyancy tank is arranged above the buoyancy tank, and a water injection and drainage pipe is arranged below the buoyancy tank, determining the length of the water injection and drainage pipe according to the underwater weight of a buoyancy tank platform and the maximum buoyancy force which can be provided by the buoyancy tank, controlling water injection and drainage of the buoyancy tank in the sinking and floating processes by utilizing the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the buoyancy tank, determining the position of the liquid level in the buoyancy tank by the length of the water injection and drainage pipe, and providing the buoyancy force required by floating of the buoyancy tank. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, easy manufacture, convenient maintenance and lower cost, has important military benefits and also has better economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water injection and drainage control method of a slender underwater buoyancy tank, which can sink to the bottom and float to the water surface for recovery in underwater environments such as oceans, lakes and the like, and belongs to the field of ocean observation.
Background
Ocean observation is the basis of researching, developing and utilizing ocean, the international ocean science organization and the ocean strong nation have paid great attention to the ocean observation technology, and in the underwater ocean observation technology, seabed-based observation equipment forming an ocean bottom observation network becomes one of the main observation modes for understanding and predicting the ocean process in the future. The large-scale seabed base observation equipment can be installed on a bearing platform with strong rigidity, and the whole large-scale observation equipment can be quickly arranged and quickly recovered by installing the buoyancy tank device on the bearing platform, so that the efficiency is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the risks of casualties and equipment loss and damage of the test personnel are reduced.
The bearing platform sinks through air exhaust and water injection of the buoyancy tank, and floats through inflation and drainage. In the process of sinking and floating of the bearing platform, the air pumping and the air inflation of the buoyancy tank can be operated on the ship through a valve on a pipeline, and the method is relatively simple and low in cost. However, the water injection and drainage of the buoyancy tank are inconvenient to operate on a ship, and need to be operated underwater, if the valve is used for control, the valve has the requirements of pollution prevention and corrosion prevention, and the valve is relatively complex, large in size, inconvenient to install, low in reliability and high in cost no matter manual control with a cable or automatic control underwater is adopted for control, so that the operation method which is difficult to realize is adopted for controlling the water injection and drainage of the buoyancy tank by using the underwater valve.
Therefore, a method for controlling the water injection and drainage of the buoyancy tank, which has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, low cost and easy realization, is needed to operate the underwater buoyancy tank.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a valve-free water injection and drainage control method of a buoyancy tank, which has high reliability, lower cost and is simple and easy to operate, for operating the underwater buoyancy tank, overcomes the defects in the prior art, and can realize automatic water injection and drainage of the underwater buoyancy tank in the floating and sinking operation processes.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a valveless water injection and drainage control method of a slender underwater buoyancy tank (the length-width ratio is not less than 3: 1), which mainly comprises the following steps:
taking the plane where the top of the buoyancy tank is located as a working surface, keeping the working surface always upward after the working surface is on the sea surface and sinks into the seabed by balancing the buoyancy tank, simultaneously adding protective layers at two ends of the buoyancy tank, and installing a protective bracket below the buoyancy tank to prevent the buoyancy tank from being damaged due to collision when touching the bottom;
calculating the underwater weight G of the whole buoyancy tank bearing platform, wherein the underwater weight G comprises the buoyancy tank, a support, a balance weight, carried equipment and the like;
calculating the total buoyancy F which can be provided by all the buoyancy tanks, wherein the total buoyancy is provided by the volume V of the buoyancy tanks, namely:
F＝ρgV (1)
and the underwater weight of the pontoon platform should have the following relationship to the total buoyancy:
G＝δF(0＜δ＜1) (2)
fourthly, the length of a single buoyancy tank is set to be L. The water injection and drainage pipes are arranged at the lower parts of the two ends of the floating box, and the water injection and drainage pipelines of the floating box are shared. The water injection and drainage pipe is made of hard material, and the pipeline extends horizontally to the middle part of the floating box. In the process of sinking the buoyancy tank platform, the water injection and drainage pipe injects water into the buoyancy tank, and in the floating process of the buoyancy tank platform, the water injection and drainage pipe drains water out of the buoyancy tank. The length L 'of the water injection and drainage pipeline is the distance from the pipeline water outlet to the end, connected with the buoyancy tank, of the water injection and drainage pipeline, and the length L' meets the following requirements:
L′＞δL(0＜δ＜1) (3)
wherein, delta is determined according to specific conditions, and L' is not suitable to be too long, otherwise, the buoyancy tank rises quickly, which may cause equipment damage.
If the space is limited, the water injection and drainage pipe needs to change direction, and the length of the pipeline is equivalent to the length L'.
Fifth, the working principle
When the bearing platform with the buoyancy tank device is on the sea surface, the buoyancy tank is filled with air. After arriving experimental waters, take out the air in the flotation tank gradually through air exhaust equipment, annotate the drain pipe in the below of flotation tank simultaneously, the opening is below the surface of water, the flotation tank begins from annotating the drain pipe water injection, consequently, the buoyancy of platform constantly reduces, the platform slowly begins to sink in aqueous from one end, the other end still is on the surface of water, when buoyancy is less than the weight under water of platform, the platform is whole to submerge, close the extraction valve this moment, stop bleeding, the platform begins to sink, until submarine. In the sinking process, along with the pressure continuously increasing along with the water depth, water is continuously injected from the water injection and drainage pipe in the floating box, the pressure difference between the air in the floating box and the outside of the floating box is kept within an allowable range, and therefore the floating box is protected from being damaged due to overlarge pressure difference. Then the exhaust valve is opened, and the residual gas in the buoyancy tank is exhausted by using the pressure of the water bottom, which is the sinking process of the platform.
After the task is completed, the air pipe is used for inflating the buoyancy tank, compressed air enters the buoyancy tank at the beginning of inflation, water in the buoyancy tank is discharged from the water injection and drainage pipe, at the moment, buoyancy is smaller than the underwater weight of the buoyancy tank, the buoyancy tank platform is still in a bottom sitting state, only the water in the buoyancy tank is discharged due to the fact that the water injection and drainage pipe is arranged on the lower portion of the buoyancy tank, and the compressed air is small in density and located at the top of the buoyancy tank.
Along with continuing to aerify the flotation tank, to the flotation tank that length width ratio is little, can keep the gesture of slight slope and begin to leave the submarine come-up, because the reason of counter weight, the working face is upwards all the time, annotates the drain pipe in the flotation tank below, only the water in the flotation tank discharges, and can guarantee that the air in the flotation tank can not discharge. In the floating process, because the external pressure of the buoyancy tank is reduced, the gas in the buoyancy tank can continue to expand, so that the buoyancy is increased, and the buoyancy tank is ensured to float to the water surface.
For the buoyancy tank with large length-width ratio, because the submarine topography can not be completely horizontal, after the aeration, compressed air can gather at the higher buoyancy tank one end of topography, along with continuing to aerate the buoyancy tank, the buoyancy tank begins the come-up from the higher one end of topography, and the other end still touches the end. If the water depth is smaller than the length of the buoyancy tank platform, one end of the buoyancy tank platform floating upwards first is exposed out of the water surface, the buoyancy tank platform keeps an inclined state, and the buoyancy tank platform continues to be inflated until the other end floats out of the water surface; if the water depth is greater than the length of the buoyancy tank platform, the buoyancy tank platform can be erected at the water bottom at an angle close to the vertical angle, and the buoyancy tank platform leaves the water bottom and floats to the water surface along with the continuous inflation of the buoyancy tank.
In the floating process, the length of the water injection and drainage pipeline and the balance weight of the buoyancy tank platform ensure that the buoyancy of the buoyancy tank can meet the buoyancy requirement of the floating of the whole buoyancy tank platform.
Sixth, the effect and benefit of the invention
By adopting the method, the water injection and drainage of the buoyancy tank can be automatically controlled according to the pressure change around the buoyancy tank in the process of sinking and floating of the buoyancy tank, and the required buoyancy is ensured;
by adopting the method, the internal and external pressure difference of the underwater buoyancy tank is smaller, and the pressure resistance of the buoyancy tank shell does not need to be considered, so that the structural design of the underwater buoyancy tank is simplified, the underwater buoyancy tank is easier to manufacture, the weight of the buoyancy tank is reduced, and the cost is reduced;
the method has the advantages of simple structure, high reliability and simple and convenient maintenance, and compared with the method adopting the valve, the cost can be almost ignored;
by adopting the method, the material of the buoyancy tank is not limited to metal materials, and non-metal materials, composite materials and the like can be adopted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a buoyancy tank.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a buoyancy tank in a water-declined state.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a buoyancy tank in a vertical underwater condition.
In the figure: 1, a buoyancy tank; 2, working surface; 3, an air pipe; 4, water draining pipes are arranged; 5, a buoyancy tank bracket;
6, water; 7, the lowest liquid level in the buoyancy tank; 8 storing buoyancy space; 9 compressing the air.
Detailed Description
In order to make the features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying figures are described further below. The invention is not limited to the embodiments listed but also comprises any other known variations within the scope of the invention as claimed.
First, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein the drawings are not to scale and are for illustrative purposes only. In addition, in practical application, the layout design of the water injection and drainage pipes should be combined with the three-dimensional spatial arrangement of the buoyancy tank structure.
The adopted buoyancy tank 1 is shown in figure 1, the buoyancy tank 1 is provided with a buoyancy tank bracket 5 to ensure that the buoyancy tank 1 cannot be damaged due to collision and impact when sitting at the bottom, the working surface 2 of the buoyancy tank platform is ensured to be always upward in the sinking and floating processes and in the floating and sitting states through a balance weight, an air pipe 3 is used for inflating the buoyancy tank during the air suction and floating operations, and an injection and drainage pipe 4 is used for injecting water during the sinking operation and draining water during the floating operation.
The following description will further describe the contents of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Assuming that the buoyancy of the buoyancy tank is 3 times of the underwater weight of the whole test platform, according to the formula (2) and the formula (3), namely G is 1/3F, if the length of the buoyancy tank is L, the length of the water injection and drainage pipe is L' > δ L (1/3 < δ < 1), as shown in fig. 1.
Water injection control in the sinking process of floating box
The floating box sinking and laying equipment needs to replace air in the floating box with water so as to reduce buoyancy and enable the floating box platform to sink to the seabed.
Under the normal condition, the flotation tank platform is transported to the test sea area, and at this moment, flotation tank 1 inner space is through annotating the drain pipe 4 and communicating with surrounding water, is full of the air in flotation tank 1. Utilize trachea 3 to bleed from the flotation tank in, simultaneously, flotation tank internal pressure reduces, and water pours into the flotation tank into from annotating the drain pipe in to the buoyancy of flotation tank 1 reduces gradually, and the flotation tank slowly sinks. Because the water in the flotation tank 1 is free flow, when two ends of the flotation tank are about to be completely submerged into water, one end of the flotation tank 1 where the air pipe is located is slightly lifted, so that the flotation tank 1 is inclined, water in the flotation tank 1 flows to the other end, the end sinks firstly to ensure that air can be continuously pumped, and the water is continuously injected into the flotation tank 1 from the water injection and drainage pipe 4 under the action of pressure.
If the water depth is less than the length L of the buoyancy tank 1, the buoyancy tank 1 will continue to tilt until the first submerged end bottoms out and the other end is above the water surface, as shown in fig. 2. And continuously pumping air, continuously raising the water level in the buoyancy tank 1, reducing the buoyancy of the buoyancy tank 1, and finally sinking the buoyancy tank 1 to the water bottom.
If the water depth is greater than the length L of the buoyancy tank 1, the buoyancy tank 1 will continue to tilt until the buoyancy tank 1 is near vertical with the end of the buoyancy tank 1 with air pipes above the water surface, as shown in figure 3. And continuously pumping air, continuously raising the water level in the buoyancy tank 1, reducing the buoyancy of the buoyancy tank 1, and finally sinking the buoyancy tank 1 to the water bottom.
Secondly, drainage control in the floating process of the buoyancy tank
After the operation is completed, the whole buoyancy tank platform and equipment need to be recovered. The water in the compressed air buoyancy tank 1 is discharged from the water injection and drainage pipe 4, so that the buoyancy is increased, and the buoyancy of the buoyancy tank platform is ensured to float.
The floating box 1 at the bottom of the water is filled with compressed air, the water injection and drainage pipe is arranged at the lower part of the floating box 1 due to the balance weight, and the water 6 in the floating box 1 is discharged from the water injection and drainage pipe under pressure. The buoyancy tank 1 is in a slightly inclined state because the bottom of the water is not perfectly horizontal. Along with constantly aerifing, the water in flotation tank 1 also constantly discharges from annotating the drain pipe, leads to the compressed air in flotation tank 1 most gathering in the higher flotation tank one end of relief, aerifys when reaching certain degree, and the higher one end of relief is because buoyancy is great, begins the come-up, and the other end still touches at the end.
If the water depth is less than the length L of the buoyancy tank 1, the buoyancy tank 1 will continue to tilt until the first floating end is out of the water and the other end is still touching the bottom, as shown in fig. 2. And continuously inflating, the water level in the buoyancy tank 1 continuously drops, and the buoyancy of the buoyancy tank 1 increases.
According to the principle of the communicating vessel, the lowest liquid level 7 in the buoyancy tank 1 and the water outlet of the water injection and drainage pipe at the floating section of the buoyancy tank 1 are on the same horizontal plane, and only when the liquid level in the buoyancy tank 1 is reduced to the lowest liquid level 7, the compressed air in the buoyancy tank 1 begins to be discharged from the water injection and drainage pipe. As the length L' of the water injection and drainage pipe is more than 1/3L, as can be seen from figure 2, when the liquid level in the buoyancy tank 1 reaches the position 1/3L, the buoyancy tank is in a balanced state and continues to be inflated, the water injection and drainage pipe can ensure that the compressed air 9 cannot overflow, and a part of stored buoyancy 8 is utilized to ensure that the buoyancy tank finally floats to the water surface.
If the water depth is greater than the length L of the buoyancy tank 1, the buoyancy tank 1 will continue to tilt until the buoyancy tank 1 is near vertical and the other end is still bottoming, as shown in figure 3. And continuously inflating, the water level in the buoyancy tank 1 continuously drops, and the buoyancy of the buoyancy tank 1 increases.
According to the principle of the communicating vessel, the lowest liquid level 7 in the buoyancy tank 1 and the water outlet of the water injection and drainage pipe at the floating section of the buoyancy tank 1 are on the same horizontal plane, and only when the liquid level in the buoyancy tank 1 is reduced to the lowest liquid level 7, the compressed air in the buoyancy tank 1 begins to be discharged from the water injection and drainage pipe. As the length L' of the water injection and drainage pipe is more than 1/3L, as can be seen from figure 2, when the liquid level in the buoyancy tank 1 reaches the position 1/3L, the buoyancy tank is in a balanced state and continues to be inflated, the water injection and drainage pipe can ensure that the compressed air 9 cannot overflow, and a part of stored buoyancy 8 is utilized to ensure that the buoyancy tank finally floats to the water surface.
Claims (6)
1. The top plane of the buoyancy tank is used as a working surface, the working surface is kept to be upward all the time after being on the sea surface and sinking into the seabed by balancing the buoyancy tank, meanwhile, protective layers are added at two ends of the buoyancy tank, and a protective support is arranged below the buoyancy tank to prevent the buoyancy tank from being damaged due to collision when touching the bottom.
2. The length of a single buoyancy tank is set to be L. The lower parts of the two ends of the buoyancy tank are provided with water injection and drainage pipes, the pipelines are made of hard materials, and the water injection and drainage pipelines of the buoyancy tank are shared.
3. The effective length L 'of the water injection and drainage pipeline is the distance between the pipeline water outlet and the connecting end part of the water injection and drainage pipeline and the buoyancy tank, and the effective length L' is required to meet the buoyancy required by the operation of the buoyancy tank.
4. By adopting the method, the material of the buoyancy tank is not limited to metal materials, and non-metal materials, composite materials and the like can be adopted.
5. By adopting the method, a plurality of buoyancy tanks can be connected into a group for use.
6. An injection and drainage control method using the elongated underwater buoyant box of claim 1-claim 5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810927078.6A CN110816791A (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | Water injection and drainage control method for slender underwater buoyancy tank |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810927078.6A CN110816791A (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | Water injection and drainage control method for slender underwater buoyancy tank |
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| CN110816791A true CN110816791A (en) | 2020-02-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810927078.6A Pending CN110816791A (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | Water injection and drainage control method for slender underwater buoyancy tank |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53142789A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1978-12-12 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Floating platform |
| GB1578003A (en) * | 1978-05-09 | 1980-10-29 | Heerema Eng Service Uk Ltd | Buoyancy assemblies for offshore platforms |
| WO2002030738A1 (en) * | 2000-10-10 | 2002-04-18 | Dr. Techn. Olav Olsen As | Floating storage system |
| CN102490875A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-06-13 | 王桂林 | Storm-resistant submerged floating control device and method for aquatic platform |
| CN203199161U (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-09-18 | 王晖 | Lifting elevator box |
| CN103434616A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-12-11 | 武汉武船海洋工程船舶设计有限公司 | Underwater floating body and installing method thereof |
| CN105882898A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2016-08-24 | 朱剑文 | Underwater air cushion device for ocean platform |
| CN107630461A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-26 | 天津大学 | Four floating drum buoyancy tank foundation structures and its construction method on a kind of combined type sea |
| CN207292336U (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-05-01 | 深圳市海斯比船艇科技股份有限公司 | Balancing device and water floating body |
-
2018
- 2018-08-09 CN CN201810927078.6A patent/CN110816791A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS53142789A (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1978-12-12 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Floating platform |
| GB1578003A (en) * | 1978-05-09 | 1980-10-29 | Heerema Eng Service Uk Ltd | Buoyancy assemblies for offshore platforms |
| WO2002030738A1 (en) * | 2000-10-10 | 2002-04-18 | Dr. Techn. Olav Olsen As | Floating storage system |
| CN102490875A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-06-13 | 王桂林 | Storm-resistant submerged floating control device and method for aquatic platform |
| CN203199161U (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2013-09-18 | 王晖 | Lifting elevator box |
| CN103434616A (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2013-12-11 | 武汉武船海洋工程船舶设计有限公司 | Underwater floating body and installing method thereof |
| CN105882898A (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2016-08-24 | 朱剑文 | Underwater air cushion device for ocean platform |
| CN207292336U (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-05-01 | 深圳市海斯比船艇科技股份有限公司 | Balancing device and water floating body |
| CN107630461A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-26 | 天津大学 | Four floating drum buoyancy tank foundation structures and its construction method on a kind of combined type sea |
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Application publication date: 20200221 |