CN110815822A - 一种喷墨式的3d打印机 - Google Patents

一种喷墨式的3d打印机 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110815822A
CN110815822A CN201911119200.8A CN201911119200A CN110815822A CN 110815822 A CN110815822 A CN 110815822A CN 201911119200 A CN201911119200 A CN 201911119200A CN 110815822 A CN110815822 A CN 110815822A
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ink
printing
printer
photo
powder
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石开飞
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Wuhan Lvzhimei Casting Materials Co Ltd
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Wuhan Lvzhimei Casting Materials Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
    • B22F10/14—Formation of a green body by jetting of binder onto a bed of metal powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
    • B22F12/55—Two or more means for feeding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/165—Processes of additive manufacturing using a combination of solid and fluid materials, e.g. a powder selectively bound by a liquid binder, catalyst, inhibitor or energy absorber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
    • B22F12/42—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种喷墨式的3D打印机的制作和打印工艺。所述3D喷墨打印机拥有两组喷头及供墨***，可以同时或者先后喷出墨水（粘合剂）和固化剂，其喷墨量可以通过软件控制。所述3D喷墨打印机同时安装了光热固化装置，在打印的时候，随即进行光热固化。所述3D喷墨打印机适用性广泛，可以打印砂型、陶瓷粉，石膏粉、各种金属粉、耐高温硬质合金粉、尼龙粉等各种物料。不仅适合打印小型物品，也可以打印大型工业化物品。

Description

一种喷墨式的3D打印机
技术领域
本发明涉及3D打印技术领域，具体涉及用喷墨打印机实现的3DP技术的喷墨3D打印设备及其打印工艺。
背景技术
3D打印技术现在主要是激光烧结熔化粉末成型技术（SLM）和激光烧结成型技术（SLS），另一大类就是喷墨黏合粉末成型技术(3DP)。
3DP技术用喷嘴将墨水（也就是粘合剂）喷在平铺的粉末状物料上面，墨水具有黏合性，利用计算机3D切片技术，一层喷墨后，再铺上薄薄的一层粉末物料，层层叠加黏合粉末，最后形成需要打印的物件，现阶段3DP技术3D打印机工业化主要应用于砂型打印，用于金属铸造领域。现阶段高精度3DP技术3D打印机所用喷头主要还是普通的平面喷墨打印机的喷头，还没有喷头厂家生产专业的3D打印喷头，也没有专门的适用于3D打印机的墨水，市面上主要3D打印的墨水是平常铸造厂家用的呋喃树脂、酚醛树脂，主要用于砂型3D打印机，这类树脂类胶水不是专门的3D打印墨水，在打印的时候，需要事先在物料中混合固化剂，要不然墨水（粘合剂）不固化，无法成型，而且会使用大量的化学物质进行制备，因此具有一定的毒性，同时气味也较为刺鼻，也正是化学物质的存在，会有些许沉淀物的存在，流畅性也有一定的影响，经常堵塞喷头，腐蚀打印机喷头及零部件，影响使用。
本发明是根据3DP3D打印的特点，新研发的专业适用于喷墨3D打印的打印机，设备的特点是使用工业喷头，用我们的环保专用墨水和固化剂，在现有的打印机上增加双回路墨水和喷头，同时打印固化剂和墨水，让粘合剂可以快速自固化。同时加装光固化和热固化一体装置，也可以热固化墨水。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种新型的3DP技术的3D打印机。主要特征在于在原有的3D打印机中增加了一路喷头及供墨***，可以让喷墨***在打印的时候同时或者先后喷出不同或者同量的粘合剂（墨水）和固化剂，从而让粘合剂快速固化成型，解决了现有打印机在物料中混合固化剂的弊端，提高生产效率，物料可以循环使用，节省大量打印物料（混合了固化剂的物料基本上只能使用一次）。
现阶段3DP打印另外一种固化方式是热固化，打印好的物料连箱体一起拿出来高温烘烤，固化粘合剂，只能适合小件物品的打印，费事费力，我们发明的打印机增加了一套光热固化装置，在喷头打印一层之后，直接利用该装置加热扫描一层，该装置含有紫外光和红外光，可以同时热固化或者光固化，可以打印光固化粘合剂，也可以打印热固化粘合剂，省去了打印后烘烤的工序。节省人工和能源，提高生产效率。
实施案例1：在打印喷头支撑移动杆上安装3组喷头，其中两组喷头喷墨水（粘合剂），共用一路供墨***。另外一组喷头喷固化剂，另外用一路供墨***，两者可以通过软件控制同时或者先后喷出，喷墨量也可以通过软件设置。在喷头组件的侧面，安装LED光热固化灯，随喷头一起移动，喷墨后，可以随后扫过光热加热光，从而实现光热固化。光热固化组件可以单独开关，需要的时候打开。
实施案例2：喷头的安装和实施案例1一样。在喷头或者铺沙***支撑移动杆的前方，安装一根支撑杆，上面安装一整排LED加热固化灯，宽度等同于成型槽宽度，在喷头支撑杆或者铺沙***移动的时候，光热固化灯随动，整体加热刚打印完的一层物料。从而实现光热固化。光热固化组件可以单独开关，需要的时候打开。
本发明的打印机，因为不用事先混合固化剂，也可以方便的实现热固化，省去了混砂***，所以适用性广泛，可以打印砂型、陶瓷粉，石膏粉、各种金属粉、耐高温硬质合金粉、尼龙粉等各种物料。不仅适合打印小型物品，也可以打印大型工业化物品。

Claims (3)

1.一种喷墨式的3D打印机：
其特征在于拥有两组喷头及供墨***，可以同一层打印的时候，同时或者先后喷出墨水（粘合剂）和固化剂，其喷出顺序和喷墨量可以通过软件控制。
2.一种喷墨式3D打印机：其特征在于安装了光热固化装置，可以在打印每一层后，随即对该层进行光热固化。
3.光热固化装置可以单独开关。
CN201911119200.8A 2019-11-25 2019-11-25 一种喷墨式的3d打印机 Pending CN110815822A (zh)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111761031A (zh) * 2020-06-22 2020-10-13 共享智能铸造产业创新中心有限公司 一种砂芯3d打印方法及铸造砂芯3d打印机
CN112692231A (zh) * 2020-12-16 2021-04-23 安徽恒利增材制造科技有限公司 一种用于树脂砂铸造工艺中的微滴喷射装置及方法
CN113477947A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-10-08 爱司凯科技股份有限公司 一种基于热固化粉末材料的3d打印成型装置及方法
CN113579254A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-11-02 爱司凯科技股份有限公司 一种基于uv激光固化粉末材料的3d打印成型装置及方法
CN115742292A (zh) * 2022-11-16 2023-03-07 四川大学 一种聚合物粉末床喷墨烧结3d打印的方法
CN116039078A (zh) * 2022-11-16 2023-05-02 四川大学 一种聚合物复合材料粉末床喷墨烧结3d打印的方法及其制件
CN116354729A (zh) * 2023-04-12 2023-06-30 嘉庚(江苏)特材有限责任公司 一种SiC陶瓷零部件及其制备方法与应用

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CN108656543A (zh) * 2017-03-29 2018-10-16 宁夏共享模具有限公司 用于3d打印设备的多喷头打印头及其打印铸造砂型的方法
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111761031A (zh) * 2020-06-22 2020-10-13 共享智能铸造产业创新中心有限公司 一种砂芯3d打印方法及铸造砂芯3d打印机
CN111761031B (zh) * 2020-06-22 2022-05-24 共享智能装备有限公司 一种砂芯3d打印方法及铸造砂芯3d打印机
CN112692231A (zh) * 2020-12-16 2021-04-23 安徽恒利增材制造科技有限公司 一种用于树脂砂铸造工艺中的微滴喷射装置及方法
CN113477947A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-10-08 爱司凯科技股份有限公司 一种基于热固化粉末材料的3d打印成型装置及方法
CN113579254A (zh) * 2021-08-02 2021-11-02 爱司凯科技股份有限公司 一种基于uv激光固化粉末材料的3d打印成型装置及方法
CN115742292A (zh) * 2022-11-16 2023-03-07 四川大学 一种聚合物粉末床喷墨烧结3d打印的方法
CN116039078A (zh) * 2022-11-16 2023-05-02 四川大学 一种聚合物复合材料粉末床喷墨烧结3d打印的方法及其制件
CN116354729A (zh) * 2023-04-12 2023-06-30 嘉庚(江苏)特材有限责任公司 一种SiC陶瓷零部件及其制备方法与应用
CN116354729B (zh) * 2023-04-12 2023-12-01 嘉庚(江苏)特材有限责任公司 一种SiC陶瓷零部件及其制备方法与应用

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