CN110815128B - Test piece disassembling device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure relates to the technical field of equipment disassembly, in particular to a test piece disassembling device and a disassembling method. The test piece comprises a test plate and a connecting piece fastened on the test plate, wherein the connecting piece comprises a screw rod, a bolt head and a nut matched with the screw rod in a threaded manner. This detaching device is used for following nut from the screw rod, including base, drive assembly, fixed subassembly and spanner, wherein: the driving assembly comprises a cylinder body fixed on the base and a piston rod arranged in the cylinder body, and the piston rod can linearly reciprocate along the inner wall of the cylinder body; the fixing component comprises a fixing block which is fixed on the base and is arranged opposite to the piston rod, and the fixing block can be clamped with the bolt head; when the piston rod moves towards the fixed block and abuts against the end face of the screw rod, the nut can be detached from the screw rod by the wrench matched with the specification of the nut. The disassembling device can disassemble the connecting piece on the test board relatively quickly, and can avoid damage of the connecting piece, thereby being beneficial to analysis of connecting piece detection items and judgment of results.

Description

Test piece disassembling device and method

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of equipment disassembly, in particular to a test piece disassembling device and a disassembling method.

Background

In recent years, aircraft failure due to corrosion has been on the rise, and corrosion of connectors such as bolts, nuts, and rivets in aircraft structures has been a major cause of failure. In order to determine the service life of the connecting element, it is common to fasten the connecting element to a test board to form a test piece, accelerate the corrosion of the test piece in a laboratory, disassemble the connecting element from the test board after a period of time, and perform a test analysis on the relevant test items of the connecting element.

At present, the test piece is disassembled by adopting a pure manual wrench disassembling method, the operation is difficult, the consumed time is long, and the connecting piece is easy to collide with to cause the damage of the connecting piece, so that the analysis of a detection project and the judgment of a result are influenced.

The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the disclosure is to provide a test piece disassembling device and a disassembling method, the disassembling device can disassemble the connecting piece on the test plate relatively quickly, and can avoid damage of the connecting piece, so that analysis of connecting piece detection items and judgment of results are facilitated.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the disclosure is as follows:

according to an aspect of the present disclosure, a test piece disassembling device is provided, where the test piece includes a test plate and a connecting member fastened on the test plate, the connecting member includes a screw, a bolt head fixed to an end of the screw, and a nut in threaded engagement with the screw, the disassembling device is configured to disassemble the nut from the screw, and the disassembling device includes:

a base;

the driving assembly comprises a cylinder body and a piston rod arranged in the cylinder body, the cylinder body is fixed on the base, and the piston rod can linearly reciprocate along the inner wall of the cylinder body;

the fixing assembly comprises a fixing block fixed on the base, the fixing block is arranged opposite to the piston rod and can be clamped with the bolt head;

the specification of the wrench is matched with that of the nut;

when the piston rod moves towards the fixing block and abuts against the end face of the screw rod, the nut can be detached from the screw rod by the wrench.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the fixing block has a prism-shaped protrusion, and the fixing assembly further includes:

one end of the sleeve can be clamped with the protruding part, and the other end of the sleeve can be clamped with the bolt head.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the fixing assembly further includes:

the cushion block is arranged on one side, close to the cylinder body, of the fixed block and provided with a through hole matched with the sleeve.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, a dimension of the pad block is smaller than a dimension of the sleeve in a moving direction of the piston rod.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the sleeve is coated with a PE plastic coating at a position where the sleeve is engaged with the bolt head.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the fixing block has a prism-shaped groove portion, and the fixing assembly further includes:

the connecting block, the one end of connecting block is prismatic structure, prismatic structure can with groove part looks block, the other end of connecting block have with the block hole of bolt head looks block.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the piston rod is coated with a PE plastic coating at a position abutting against the screw.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the driving assembly further includes:

the air compressor is arranged on the base, communicated with the cylinder body and used for providing compressed air with preset pressure to the piston rod.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the preset pressure has a value ranging from 0.5MPa to 0.7 MPa.

According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a test piece disassembling method for disassembling any one of the above test pieces, the disassembling method including:

clamping the bolt head on the fixed block;

the piston rod moves towards the fixed block and abuts against the end face of the screw rod;

and detaching the nut from the screw rod by using the wrench.

According to the device and the method for disassembling the test piece in the embodiment, in the using process, the bolt head of the connecting piece is clamped on the fixing block, the piston rod of the driving assembly can move towards the fixing block and abuts against the end face of the screw rod of the connecting piece, therefore, the two ends of the connecting piece can be fixed, and the nut is disassembled from the screw rod by using the wrench matched with the specification of the nut, so that the disassembly of the test piece is completed.

Compare in the technical scheme that pure manual spanner was disassembled, the detaching device of this application no longer need the bolt head of artifical fixed connection spare, and the piston rod can push up bolt head and the inseparable block of fixed block, on the one hand, can both hands twist the spanner to make the nut loosen easily, on the other hand, bolt head and screw rod all motionless can avoid colliding with between bolt head and fixed block, screw rod and the spanner, thereby avoid making the connecting piece appear damaging.

In conclusion, the disassembling device can disassemble the connecting piece on the test board relatively quickly and avoid the damage of the connecting piece, thereby being beneficial to the analysis of the detection items of the connecting piece and the judgment of the result.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a test piece according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a connector according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a test piece disassembling device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a test piece disassembling device according to an embodiment of the disclosure.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing block according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a block according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

In the figure: 1. a test piece; 11. a test plate; 12. a connecting member; 121. a bolt head; 122. a screw; 123. a nut; 2. a base; 3. a drive assembly; 31. a cylinder body; 32. a piston rod; 33. an air compressor; 34. a pressure regulating valve; 35. a pneumatic foot pedal valve; 4. a fixing component; 41. a fixed block; 410. a projection; 42. a sleeve; 43. cushion blocks; 430. a through hole.

Detailed Description

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure.

The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the embodiments of the disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, materials, and so forth. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring the primary technical ideas of the disclosure.

Although relative terms, such as "upper" and "lower," may be used in this specification to describe one element of an icon relative to another, these terms are used in this specification for convenience only, e.g., in accordance with the orientation of the examples described in the figures. It will be appreciated that if the device of the icon is turned upside down, the "up" component will become the "down" component. Other relative terms, such as "high," "low," "top," "bottom," "left," "right," and the like are also intended to have similar meanings.

When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure via another structure. The terms "a," "an," "the," and the like are used to denote the presence of one or more elements/components/parts; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc. The terms "first" and "second", etc. are used merely as labels, and are not limiting on the number of their objects.

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a test piece disassembling device, which is used for disassembling a test piece 1. The test piece 1 may be a simulation of a structural member in an aircraft, or may be a simulation of a structural member in an apparatus such as an automobile or a train, which is not illustrated here.

For example, as shown in fig. 1, the test piece 1 may include a test plate 11 and a connector 12, wherein:

the number of the test plates 11 may be plural or one, and is not particularly limited herein;

the connecting member 12 may be fastened to one test board 11 or a plurality of test boards 11 may be joined together. As shown in fig. 2, the connecting member 12 may include a screw 122, a bolt head 121 fixed at an end of the screw 122, and a nut 123 threadedly engaged with the screw 122, wherein: the screw 122 can pass through a through hole on the test plate 11, and the bolt head 121 and the nut 123 are respectively located at both sides of the test plate 11 to achieve fastening of the connecting member 12.

It should be noted that the bolt head 121 may be hexagonal or countersunk, etc. (accordingly, the connecting member 12 may be a hexagon bolt assembly or a countersunk bolt assembly, etc.), which are not listed here. For the hexagonal bolt head, the outer edge of the hexagonal bolt head can be directly clamped by a matched wrench; for the sinking bolt head, the end face of the sinking bolt head is provided with the linear or cross-shaped tightening groove, so that the sinking bolt head can be tightly clamped by a linear head or a cross head.

That is, the disassembling device of the present application is used for disassembling the nut 123 from the screw 122 of the connecting member 12, thereby realizing the disassembling of the test piece 1.

As shown in fig. 3, the test piece disassembling apparatus may include a base 2, a driving assembly 3, a fixing assembly 4, and a wrench, wherein: the driving assembly 3 may include a cylinder 31 and a piston rod 32 disposed in the cylinder 31, the cylinder 31 may be fixed to the base 2, and the piston rod 32 may linearly reciprocate along an inner wall of the cylinder 31; the fixing component 4 may include a fixing block 41 fixed on the base 2, and the fixing block 41 may be disposed opposite to the piston rod 32 and may be engaged with the bolt head 121 of the connecting member 12; the specification of the wrench is matched with that of the nut 123 of the connecting piece 12; the wrench is capable of removing the nut 123 from the screw 122 when the piston rod 32 moves toward the fixed block 41 and abuts against the end surface of the screw 122 of the connecting member 12.

In the disassembling device and the disassembling method for the test piece according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, in the use process, the bolt head 121 is engaged with the fixed block 41, and the piston rod 32 can move toward the fixed block 41 and abut against the end surface of the screw 122, so that the two ends of the connecting member 12 can be fixed, and then the nut 123 is disassembled from the screw 122 by using a wrench matching with the specification of the nut 123, thereby completing the disassembling of the test piece 1.

Compare in the technical scheme that pure manual spanner was disassembled, the disassembling device of this application no longer needs the bolt head 121 of artifical fixed connection spare 12, and piston rod 32 can push up bolt head 121 and the inseparable block of fixed block 41, on the one hand, can both hands twist the spanner to make nut 123 loosen easily, on the other hand, bolt head 121 and screw rod 122 are all static motionless, can avoid colliding with and colliding with between bolt head 121 and fixed block 41, screw rod 122 and the spanner, thereby avoid making connecting piece 12 appear damaging.

Especially for the countersunk head bolt assembly with the straight-line or cross-shaped tightening groove, because the depth of the tightening groove of the countersunk head is shallow, the countersunk head is easily scratched by the straight-line head or the cross-shaped head which is clamped with the countersunk head, and the piston rod 32 of the present application can support the countersunk head to be tightly clamped with the straight-line head or the cross-shaped head, so that the countersunk head is prevented from being damaged.

In summary, the disassembling device can disassemble the connecting member 12 on the test board 11 relatively quickly, and can avoid damage to the connecting member 12, thereby facilitating analysis of the detection items of the connecting member 12 and determination of the result.

The following detailed description of the components of the disassembling device provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in fig. 3, the base 2 may be a square plate or a circular plate, but may have other shapes, which are not listed here. The base 2 is intended to support and secure other parts of the dismantling device of the present application and will not be described in detail herein.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the driving assembly 3 may include a cylinder 31 and a piston rod 32, wherein: the cylinder 31 may be fixed to the base 2, and the piston rod 32 may be disposed in the cylinder 31 and linearly reciprocate along an inner wall of the cylinder 31.

For example, the driving assembly 3 may be driven by air, and in this case, the driving assembly 3 may further include an air compressor 33, a pressure regulating valve 34, a pneumatic pedal valve 35, and a ventilation pipeline connecting and communicating the components, wherein: the air compressor 33 can be disposed on the base 2 and is communicated with the cylinder 31 for providing compressed air with a predetermined pressure to the piston rod 32 to drive the piston rod 32 to linearly reciprocate along the inner wall of the cylinder 31; a pressure regulating valve 34 may be provided between the air compressor 33 and the cylinder 31 for regulating the pressure of the compressed air; a pneumatic foot valve 35 may be provided between the pressure regulating valve 34 and the cylinder 31 for controlling the escape or admission of compressed gas, thereby controlling the extension or retraction of the piston rod 32 within the cylinder 31.

Of course, the drive assembly 3 may also be hydraulically driven, and will not be described in detail here.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the fixing assembly 4 may include a fixing block 41 fixed to the base 2, the fixing block 41 may be disposed opposite to the piston rod 32 and may be engaged with the bolt head 121 of the connecting member 12, and the piston rod 32 may move toward the fixing block 41 and abut against an end surface of the screw rod 122 of the connecting member 12, so that both ends of the connecting member 12 may be fixed, thereby facilitating the detachment of the nut 123 from the screw rod 122.

It should be noted that the position of the piston rod 32 abutting against the screw 122 may be coated with a PE plastic coating, which can buffer the impact of the piston rod 32 on the screw 122, so that the piston rod 32 does not damage the anticorrosive coating on the end surface of the screw 122.

In addition, as mentioned above, the air compressor 33 may provide compressed air with a predetermined pressure to the piston rod 32, so that the piston rod 32 can move toward the fixing block 41 and abut against the screw 122, for example, the predetermined pressure of the compressed air may be 0.5MPa to 0.7MPa, and certainly, the predetermined pressure of the compressed air may also be less than 0.5MPa or greater than 0.7MPa, so as to meet the actual requirement, which is not limited herein.

In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the fixing block 41 may have a prismatic protrusion 410, and in this case, the fixing assembly 4 may further include a sleeve 42, one end of the sleeve 42 may be engaged with the protrusion 410, and the other end may be engaged with the bolt head 121 of the connecting member 12.

It should be noted that the sleeve 42 may be coated with a PE plastic coating at a position where the sleeve is engaged with the bolt head 121, and the PE plastic coating can buffer the impact of the sleeve 42 on the bolt head 121, so that the sleeve 42 does not damage the anticorrosive coating on the bolt head 121.

As mentioned above, the bolt head 121 of the connecting element 12 may be hexagonal or countersunk, and when the bolt head 121 is hexagonal, one end of the sleeve 42 away from the protrusion 410 may be directly engaged with the hexagonal bolt head; when the bolt head 121 is shaped like a sinker, at this time, the fixing component 4 may further include a linear head or a cross head that can be engaged with the tightening groove on the countersunk bolt head, and the other end of the linear head or the cross head is a prism structure that can be engaged with the sleeve 42, so as to achieve the engagement between the countersunk bolt head and the fixing block 41.

As shown in fig. 6, the fixing assembly 4 according to the embodiment of the disclosure may further include a spacer 43, the spacer 43 may be disposed on one side of the fixing block 41 close to the cylinder 31, and the spacer 43 may have a through hole 430 matched with the sleeve 42, and a diameter of the through hole 430 may be slightly larger than an outer diameter of the sleeve 42, so that the sleeve 42 may pass through the through hole 430 and be clamped on the protrusion 410, at this time, the spacer 43 may support the sleeve 42, thereby avoiding a phenomenon that the sleeve 42 shakes during screwing the nut 123, and further ensuring that the bolt head 121 is not damaged.

In addition, the size of the spacer 43 may be smaller than that of the sleeve 42 in the moving direction of the piston rod 32, that is, the thickness of the spacer 43 may be smaller than the length of the sleeve 42, thereby facilitating the mounting and dismounting of the sleeve 42.

In another embodiment, the fixing block 41 may also have a groove portion with a prism shape, in which case, the fixing assembly 4 may further include a connecting block, one end of which may have a prism structure capable of being engaged with the groove portion, and the other end of which may have an engaging hole for engaging with the bolt head 121, which will not be described in detail herein.

The wrench of the embodiment of the present disclosure is used to screw and disassemble the nut 123 of the connecting member 12, so that the specification of the wrench matches the specification of the nut 123, and the wrench may be a solid wrench or a ratchet wrench, and is not limited herein.

The application also provides a test piece disassembling method for disassembling the test piece 1 in any item, and the disassembling method can comprise the following steps:

step S110, engaging the bolt head 121 with the fixing block 41;

step S120, the piston rod 32 moves towards the fixed block 41 and abuts against the end face of the screw 122;

in step S130, the nut 123 is detached from the screw 122 with a wrench.

In step S110, the bolt head 121 of the connecting member 12 may be hexagonal or countersunk, as previously described. When the bolt head 121 of the connector 12 is hexagonal, first, the sleeve 42 may pass through the through hole 430 of the spacer 43 and be engaged with the protrusion 410 of the fixing block 41; next, the hexagonal bolt head is engaged with the other end of the sleeve 42 to achieve engagement of the hexagonal bolt head with the fixing block 41.

When the bolt head 121 is formed in a sinking shape, first, the sleeve 42 may pass through the through hole 430 of the spacer 43 and be engaged with the protrusion 410 of the fixing block 41; secondly, a linear head or a cross head matched with the tightening groove on the countersunk bolt head can be clamped at the other end of the sleeve 42; finally, the countersunk bolt head can be pressed against the linear head or the cross head.

In step S120, the piston rod 32 may be slowly moved toward the fixed block 41 until abutting against an end surface of the screw 122, which will not be described in detail herein.

In step S130, as mentioned above, the wrench may be a solid wrench or a ratchet wrench. When the wrench is a solid wrench, the nut 123 can be detached from the screw 122 by the solid wrench after the piston rod 32 tightly pushes the end face of the screw 122; when the wrench is a ratchet wrench, the ratchet wrench needs to be inserted into the screw 122 before the piston rod 32 hits the end surface of the screw 122, and the nut 123 needs to be removed from the screw 122 by the ratchet wrench after the piston rod 32 abuts against the end surface of the screw 122.

It is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangements of the components set forth in the specification. The present disclosure is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. The foregoing variations and modifications are within the scope of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the disclosure disclosed and defined in this specification extends to all alternative combinations of two or more of the individual features mentioned or evident from the text and/or drawings. All of these different combinations constitute various alternative aspects of the present disclosure. The embodiments described herein explain the best modes known for practicing the disclosure and will enable others skilled in the art to utilize the disclosure.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a test piece disassembling device, the test piece includes the test board and fastens the connecting piece on the test board, the connecting piece includes the screw rod, is fixed in the bolt head of screw rod tip and with screw rod screw-thread fit's nut, disassembling device is used for following the nut is pulled down on the screw rod, its characterized in that, disassembling device includes:

a base;

the driving assembly comprises a cylinder body and a piston rod arranged in the cylinder body, the cylinder body is fixed on the base, the piston rod can linearly reciprocate along the inner wall of the cylinder body, an air compressor is fixedly connected to the base and is communicated with the cylinder body, a pressure regulating valve is communicated between the air compressor and the cylinder body, and a pneumatic pedal valve is communicated between the pressure regulating valve and the cylinder body;

the fixing assembly comprises a fixing block fixed on the base, the fixing block is arranged opposite to the piston rod and can be clamped with the bolt head;

the specification of the wrench is matched with that of the nut;

when the piston rod moves towards the fixing block and abuts against the end face of the screw rod, the nut can be detached from the screw rod by the wrench;

the fixing block is provided with a prismatic protruding part, the fixing assembly further comprises a sleeve, one end of the sleeve can be clamped with the protruding part, and the other end of the sleeve can be clamped with the bolt head;

a PE plastic coating is coated on the position, clamped with the bolt head, of the sleeve;

and a PE plastic coating is coated at the position of the piston rod, which is propped against the screw rod.

2. The deconstituting device according to claim 1, wherein the securing assembly further includes:

the cushion block is arranged on one side, close to the cylinder body, of the fixed block and provided with a through hole matched with the sleeve.

3. A dismantling device as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the dimension of said spacer is smaller than the dimension of said sleeve in the direction of movement of said piston rod.

4. A dismantling device according to claim 1, wherein said air compressor is adapted to provide a predetermined pressure of compressed air to said piston rod.

5. The disassembling device according to claim 4, wherein the preset pressure is in a range of 0.5MPa to 0.7 MPa.

6. A disassembling method for disassembling the test piece according to claim 1 by using the disassembling apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the disassembling method comprises:

clamping the bolt head on the fixed block;

the piston rod moves towards the fixed block and abuts against the end face of the screw rod;

and detaching the nut from the screw rod by using the wrench.

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