CN110814276A - Method for cleaning impurities in casting waste sand - Google Patents
Method for cleaning impurities in casting waste sand Download PDFInfo
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- CN110814276A CN110814276A CN201911245273.1A CN201911245273A CN110814276A CN 110814276 A CN110814276 A CN 110814276A CN 201911245273 A CN201911245273 A CN 201911245273A CN 110814276 A CN110814276 A CN 110814276A
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- waste sand
- sand
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- casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/06—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by sieving or magnetic separating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
- B22C5/04—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cleaning impurities in foundry waste sand, which belongs to the technical field of foundry waste sand treatment, wherein the foundry waste sand is crushed, then subjected to vibration separation, then is contacted with each other under the condition of high rotation speed, a surface conditioner is added in the process of stirring the foundry waste sand, the surface microstructure of the foundry waste sand can be changed by the surface conditioner, then metal impurities separated are further removed by secondary magnetic separation, then organic matters contained in the foundry waste sand are subjected to oxidation reaction with oxygen in the air under the high temperature condition by adopting a high-temperature baking method to form gaseous oxides, the gaseous oxides are removed from the surface of the foundry waste sand or a mixture of the foundry waste sand, finally the foundry waste sand is subjected to secondary grinding and wind power scrubbing, the gaseous oxides can be further removed by wind power scrubbing, the quality of the foundry waste sand is ensured, and the whole method for cleaning the impurities in the foundry waste sand adopts grinding, Surface and roasting triple technical treatment, so that the cleaning effect of the impurities in the waste foundry sand is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste foundry sand treatment, in particular to a method for cleaning impurities in waste foundry sand.
Background
The casting molding sand is also various, and because various binders are adopted, the pollution conditions are different, the common sodium silicate molding sand contains sodium silicate, so that the soil is alkaline, grass is burnt, fish does not grow, the production cost of the resin sand is high, the environmental pollution is serious, and the resin sand is more harmful to human bodies. The application of the resin coated sand needs to consume a large amount of sand resources, brings great influence on human life, how to treat and recycle the casting waste sand and reduce the influence on the resource demand and the environment is a major subject faced by the current mechanical industry. Therefore, the waste sand is preferably collected and treated uniformly, and the impurities in the casting waste sand are cleaned. The existing method is generally a physical method and a chemical method, namely a method of mechanical friction and adding chemical raw materials, but has certain limitation and has a general cleaning effect on impurities in the waste foundry sand.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for cleaning impurities in casting waste sand, which adopts triple technologies of grinding, surface conditioning and roasting for treatment, so that the cleaning effect of the impurities in the casting waste sand is good, and the problems in the background technology are solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for cleaning impurities in waste foundry sand comprises the following steps:
s1: crushing and screening, namely crushing the waste foundry sand, wherein the large waste sand core blocks of the waste foundry sand in the same batch are changed into small particles by crushing equipment, and then vibrating and sorting the waste foundry sand by using a vibrating screening machine to remove uncrushed metal blocks from the screen surface;
s2: performing primary magnetic separation, wherein the crushed foundry waste sand particles are subjected to magnetic separation by a magnetic separator, and the magnetic separator further removes the small granular metallic iron or the small powdery metallic iron which is not removed in the screening process in an attracting manner;
s3: grinding, namely adding the cast waste sand subjected to magnetic separation into a stirring mechanism, and stirring the added waste sand by the stirring mechanism;
s4: surface conditioning, wherein a surface conditioning agent is added to the foundry waste sand during the agitation thereof;
s5: neutralizing and drying, wherein the foundry waste sand after surface adjustment is stored in an acid and alkali resistant container, the storage time is controlled to be 24-36 hours, and a large amount of air is introduced into the storage container when the foundry waste sand is stored;
s6: secondary magnetic separation, namely putting the neutralized and dried foundry waste sand on a magnetic separator for secondary magnetic separation;
s7: preheating, namely feeding the fine granular casting waste sand subjected to secondary magnetic separation and iron removal into a regenerative roasting furnace for roasting treatment, wherein the casting waste sand needs to be preheated before roasting;
s8: roasting, namely placing the preheated casting waste sand in a high-temperature roasting furnace, roasting the casting waste sand in the furnace, and changing the casting waste sand subjected to high-temperature roasting treatment into reusable casting sand which does not contain combustible organic matters and carbon;
s9: cooling, namely slowly cooling the roasted casting waste sand to room temperature;
s10: and (3) mechanical grading, wherein the mechanical grading comprises grinding and wind scrubbing, the cooled casting waste sand is added into grinding equipment for treatment for 3-5 minutes, then the ground casting waste sand is sent to a wind scrubbing grader for wind scrubbing, the casting waste sand after wind scrubbing is randomly detected, and a finished product can be bagged after the random detection result meets the requirement.
Preferably, the stirring mechanism in S3 rotates at a speed of 200 to 400 revolutions per minute.
Preferably, the pH value of the foundry waste sand needs to be monitored in time after the addition of the surface conditioner in S4, wherein the addition of the surface conditioner is stopped when the pH value of the foundry waste sand is less than 6.
Preferably, the preheating temperature of the foundry waste sand in S7 is controlled at 150-200 ℃, and the preheating time is 1.5-2 hours.
Preferably, the surface conditioner is prepared from industrial-grade concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Preferably, the screen mesh number of the vibratory screening machine used in S1 is 6 meshes and 8 meshes.
Preferably, before the secondary magnetic separation process of S6, screening the foundry waste sand in advance, that is, neutralizing the dried foundry waste sand, first performing screening and then performing secondary magnetic separation, wherein the mesh number of the screening machine in the process is 4.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method for cleaning impurities in the waste foundry sand, the grinding is to enable the adjacent waste foundry sand to be in contact with each other, so that attachments such as organic matters, carbon, metal oxides and the like attached to the surface of the waste foundry sand are mechanically stripped, the purpose that a new interface is exposed on the surface of quartz sand in the inner layer of waste foundry sand particles is achieved, the angle form coefficient of the treated waste foundry sand is changed relative to that before treatment, and the sphericity is better.
2. The method for cleaning impurities in the casting waste sand is characterized in that the surface conditioning and the grinding are carried out simultaneously, namely, a surface conditioning agent is added into the casting waste sand in the stirring process of the casting waste sand, when the casting waste sand is contacted with each other and ground, the surface microscopic state of the casting waste sand can be changed by the surface conditioning agent, a large number of crystal nucleus phosphorization growing points are formed on the surface of the casting waste sand in a short time, the surface activity of the casting waste sand is uniform, and the surface effect of the ground casting waste sand is better.
3. According to the method for cleaning impurities in the casting waste sand, when the casting waste sand is roasted at a high temperature, organic matters contained in the casting waste sand are subjected to oxidation reaction with oxygen in the air under the high-temperature condition to form gaseous oxides, the gaseous oxides are removed from the casting waste sand surface or the casting waste sand mixture, the sand surface after the high-temperature roasting treatment is clean, the organic matters attached to the surface are basically and completely removed, the gaseous oxides can be further removed through wind power scrubbing, and the quality of the casting waste sand is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for cleaning impurities in waste foundry sand according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for cleaning impurities in foundry waste sand comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: crushing and screening, namely crushing the casting waste sand, wherein the casting waste sand after pouring is often agglomerated into blocks, the blocky casting waste sand cannot be reused and must be decomposed, wherein the large block-shaped waste sand blocks are changed into small particle blocks by crushing equipment of the same batch of casting waste sand, so that a large block structure does not exist in the whole casting waste sand, and meanwhile, the large block of casting waste sand can be separated into uniform casting waste sand, metal impurities and a small amount of metal compounds after being crushed, then, the casting waste sand is subjected to vibration sorting by using a vibration screening machine, uncrushed metal blocks are removed from the screen surface, the mesh number of the screen of the vibration screening machine is 6 meshes, and thus, the casting waste sand and the impurities are primarily separated;
the second step is that: the casting waste sand is subjected to primary magnetic separation, the crushed casting waste sand particles are subjected to magnetic separation through a magnetic separator, the magnetic separator further attracts and removes small granular metallic iron or smaller powdery metallic iron which is not removed in the screening process, namely the crushed casting waste sand slowly passes through the magnetic separator, magnetic metal impurities and metal compounds in the casting waste sand are removed, and the casting waste sand is subjected to primary separation;
the second step is that: grinding, namely adding the cast waste sand subjected to magnetic separation into a stirring mechanism, stirring the added waste sand by the stirring mechanism, rotating the stirring mechanism at the speed of 200-400 revolutions per minute, and rapidly stirring the cast waste sand while enabling adjacent cast waste sand to be in contact with each other, so that attachments such as organic matters, carbon, metal oxides and the like attached to the surface of the cast waste sand are mechanically stripped, and the purpose of exposing a new interface on the surface of quartz sand in the inner layer of the cast waste sand particles is achieved, therefore, the cast waste sand can be further optimized, the volume of the cast waste sand is reduced, the angle form coefficient of the treated cast waste sand is changed relative to that before treatment, and the sphericity is better;
the fourth step: surface conditioning, wherein a surface conditioning agent is added into the waste foundry sand in the stirring process of the waste foundry sand, the pH value of the waste foundry sand needs to be monitored in time after the surface conditioning agent is added, wherein the surface conditioning agent is stopped being added when the pH value of the waste foundry sand is less than 6, the surface conditioning agent is prepared from industrial-grade concentrated hydrochloric acid, when the surface conditioning agent is added into the grinding of the waste foundry sand, the waste foundry sand is contacted with each other to be ground, the surface conditioning agent can also change the surface microscopic state of the waste foundry sand, a large number of crystal nucleus phosphorization growing points are formed on the surface of the waste foundry sand in a short time, the surface activity of the waste foundry sand is uniform, and the surface effect of the ground waste foundry sand is better;
the fifth step: neutralizing and drying, wherein the foundry waste sand after surface adjustment is stored in an acid and alkali resistant container, the storage time is controlled to be 24-36 hours, a large amount of air is introduced into the storage container when the foundry waste sand is stored, and the purpose of neutralizing and drying is to remove the acidity and alkalinity of the foundry waste sand and enable the foundry waste sand to be in a dry state;
and a sixth step: performing secondary magnetic separation, namely putting the neutralized and dried casting waste sand on a magnetic separator for secondary magnetic separation, wherein before the secondary magnetic separation process, screening treatment needs to be performed on the casting waste sand in advance, namely the neutralized and dried casting waste sand is firstly screened and then subjected to secondary magnetic separation, the mesh number of a screen of the screening machine in the process is 4 meshes, after the casting waste sand is subjected to grinding and surface conditioning, the surface of the casting waste sand is optimized, meanwhile, impurities on the surface of the casting waste sand are further separated, the secondary magnetic separation aims at further removing the separated metal impurities, and the mesh number selected at the time is smaller than that of the screen during primary magnetic separation;
the seventh step: preheating, namely feeding the fine granular casting waste sand subjected to secondary magnetic separation and iron removal into a regenerative roasting furnace for roasting treatment, wherein the casting waste sand needs to be preheated before roasting, the preheating temperature of the casting waste sand is controlled at 150 ℃ and 200 ℃, the preheating time is 1.5-2 hours, the casting waste sand is brought to a certain temperature in advance, and the high-temperature roasting effect is ensured;
eighth step: roasting, namely placing the preheated casting waste sand in a high-temperature roasting furnace, roasting the casting waste sand in the furnace, and changing the casting waste sand subjected to high-temperature roasting treatment into reusable casting sand which does not contain combustible organic matters and carbon, wherein the roasting temperature of the casting waste sand is controlled to be 600-800 ℃, when the casting waste sand is subjected to high-temperature roasting, organic matters contained in the casting waste sand are subjected to oxidation reaction with oxygen in the air under a high-temperature condition to form gaseous oxides, the gaseous oxides are removed from the surface of the casting waste sand or a mixture of the casting waste sand, the surface of the sand grains subjected to high-temperature roasting treatment is clean, and organic matters attached to the surface are basically and completely removed;
the ninth step: cooling, namely slowly cooling the roasted casting waste sand to room temperature;
the tenth step: and (3) mechanical grading, wherein the mechanical grading comprises grinding and wind scrubbing, the cooled casting waste sand is added into grinding equipment for treatment for 3-5 minutes, then the ground casting waste sand is sent to a wind scrubbing grader for wind scrubbing, the wind scrubbing can further remove some gaseous oxides to ensure the quality of the casting waste sand, the casting waste sand after wind scrubbing is randomly detected, and the finished product can be bagged after the random detection result meets the requirement.
The method for cleaning impurities in the waste foundry sand comprises the following steps: crushing and screening, primary magnetic separation, grinding, surface conditioning, neutralization and drying, secondary magnetic separation, preheating, roasting, cooling and mechanical classification; the crushing and screening are to crush the blocky casting waste sand by crushing equipment, so that the casting waste sand with uniform volume, metal impurities and a small amount of metal compounds can be obtained, and then the casting waste sand is subjected to vibration sorting by using a vibration screening machine, so that the casting waste sand and the impurities are primarily separated; wherein the primary magnetic separation is to carry out magnetic separation on the crushed foundry waste sand particles by a magnetic separator to remove magnetic metal impurities and metal compounds in the foundry waste sand; the grinding is to make the adjacent waste foundry sands mutually contact, so that attachments such as organic matters, carbon, metal oxides and the like attached to the surfaces of the waste foundry sands are mechanically stripped, the purpose that a new interface is exposed on the surface of quartz sand of the inner layer of the waste foundry sand particles is achieved, the angle form coefficient of the treated waste foundry sand is changed relative to that before treatment, and the sphericity is better; the surface conditioning and the grinding are carried out simultaneously, namely, in the process that the casting waste sand is stirred, the surface conditioning agent is added, when the casting waste sand is contacted with each other and ground, the surface conditioning agent can also change the surface microscopic state of the casting waste sand, a large number of crystal nucleus phosphorization growing points are formed on the surface of the casting waste sand in a short time, so that the surface activity of the casting waste sand is uniform, and the surface effect of the ground casting waste sand is better; the neutralization and drying are to remove the acidity and alkalinity of the waste foundry sand and to keep the waste foundry sand in a dry state; the secondary magnetic separation is to put the neutralized and dried foundry waste sand on a magnetic separator for secondary magnetic separation, wherein the foundry waste sand needs to be screened in advance before the secondary magnetic separation process, the secondary magnetic separation aims at further removing the separated metal impurities, and the mesh number of the selected screen is smaller than that of the screen during the primary magnetic separation; preheating is to preheat the waste foundry sand, so that the waste foundry sand reaches a certain temperature in advance, and the high-temperature baking effect is ensured; the roasting is to place the preheated casting waste sand in a high-temperature roasting furnace, when the casting waste sand is roasted at high temperature, organic matters contained in the casting waste sand are subjected to oxidation reaction with oxygen in the air under the high-temperature condition to form gaseous oxides, the gaseous oxides are removed from the casting waste sand surface or the casting waste sand mixture, the sand surface after the high-temperature roasting treatment is very clean, and the organic matters attached to the surface are basically and completely removed; cooling, namely slowly cooling the roasted casting waste sand to room temperature; the method comprises grinding and wind power scrubbing, wherein cooled casting waste sand is added into grinding equipment for treatment, the ground casting waste sand is sent to a wind power scrubbing grader for wind power scrubbing, a plurality of gaseous oxides can be further removed through wind power scrubbing, the quality of the casting waste sand is guaranteed, and when the casting waste sand meets the requirements, a finished product can be bagged.
In summary, the following steps: the method for cleaning impurities in the waste foundry sand comprises the following steps: crushing and screening, primary magnetic separation, grinding, surface conditioning, neutralization and drying, secondary magnetic separation, preheating, roasting, cooling and mechanical classification; the method comprises the steps of crushing the foundry waste sand, vibrating and sorting the foundry waste sand, enabling the foundry waste sand to be in contact with each other at a high rotating speed, so that organic matters, carbon, metal oxides and other attachments attached to the surface of the foundry waste sand are mechanically stripped, adding a surface conditioner into the foundry waste sand in the stirring process of the foundry waste sand, wherein the surface conditioner can also change the surface microscopic state of the foundry waste sand, so that the ground foundry waste sand has a better surface effect, further removing the separated metal impurities through secondary magnetic separation, enabling the organic matters contained in the foundry waste sand to be subjected to oxidation reaction with oxygen in the air at a high temperature by adopting a high-temperature baking method to become gaseous oxides, removing the gaseous oxides from the surface of the foundry waste sand or a mixture of the foundry waste sand, finally performing secondary grinding and wind power scrubbing on the foundry waste sand, further removing some gaseous oxides through wind power scrubbing, and ensuring the quality of the foundry waste sand, the whole method for cleaning the impurities in the waste foundry sand adopts the triple technology of grinding, surface conditioning and roasting for treatment, so that the cleaning effect of the impurities in the waste foundry sand is good.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for cleaning impurities in waste foundry sand is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: crushing and screening, namely crushing the waste foundry sand, wherein the large waste sand core blocks of the waste foundry sand in the same batch are changed into small particles by crushing equipment, and then vibrating and sorting the waste foundry sand by using a vibrating screening machine to remove uncrushed metal blocks from the screen surface;
s2: performing primary magnetic separation, wherein the crushed foundry waste sand particles are subjected to magnetic separation by a magnetic separator, and the magnetic separator further removes the small granular metallic iron or the small powdery metallic iron which is not removed in the screening process in an attracting manner;
s3: grinding, namely adding the cast waste sand subjected to magnetic separation into a stirring mechanism, and stirring the added waste sand by the stirring mechanism;
s4: surface conditioning, wherein a surface conditioning agent is added to the foundry waste sand during the agitation thereof;
s5: neutralizing and drying, wherein the foundry waste sand after surface adjustment is stored in an acid and alkali resistant container, the storage time is controlled to be 24-36 hours, and a large amount of air is introduced into the storage container when the foundry waste sand is stored;
s6: secondary magnetic separation, namely putting the neutralized and dried foundry waste sand on a magnetic separator for secondary magnetic separation;
s7: preheating, namely feeding the fine granular casting waste sand subjected to secondary magnetic separation and iron removal into a regenerative roasting furnace for roasting treatment, wherein the casting waste sand needs to be preheated before roasting;
s8: roasting, namely placing the preheated casting waste sand in a high-temperature roasting furnace, roasting the casting waste sand in the furnace, and changing the casting waste sand subjected to high-temperature roasting treatment into reusable casting sand which does not contain combustible organic matters and carbon;
s9: cooling, namely slowly cooling the roasted casting waste sand to room temperature;
s10: and (3) mechanical grading, wherein the mechanical grading comprises grinding and wind scrubbing, the cooled casting waste sand is added into grinding equipment for treatment for 3-5 minutes, then the ground casting waste sand is sent to a wind scrubbing grader for wind scrubbing, the casting waste sand after wind scrubbing is randomly detected, and a finished product can be bagged after the random detection result meets the requirement.
2. The method for cleaning impurities in foundry waste sand of claim 1, wherein the stirring mechanism of S3 is rotated at a speed of 200 to 400 revolutions per minute.
3. The method for cleaning impurities in foundry waste sand of claim 1, wherein the pH value of the foundry waste sand is monitored in time after the addition of the surfactant in S4, and wherein the addition of the surfactant is stopped when the pH value of the foundry waste sand is less than 6.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preheating temperature of the foundry waste sand in S7 is controlled at 150-200 ℃ and the preheating time is 1.5-2 hours.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the surface conditioner is formulated from concentrated industrial grade hydrochloric acid.
6. The method for cleaning impurities in foundry waste sand of claim 1, wherein the screen mesh number of the vibratory screening machine used in S1 is 6 meshes and 8 meshes.
7. The method for cleaning impurities in foundry waste sand as claimed in claim 1, wherein before the secondary magnetic separation process of S6, the foundry waste sand is screened in advance, i.e. the foundry waste sand after neutralization and drying is screened first and then subjected to secondary magnetic separation, and the screen mesh number of the screening machine in the process is 4 meshes.
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| CN201911245273.1A CN110814276A (en) | 2019-12-06 | 2019-12-06 | Method for cleaning impurities in casting waste sand |
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| CN201911245273.1A CN110814276A (en) | 2019-12-06 | 2019-12-06 | Method for cleaning impurities in casting waste sand |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113275502A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-20 | 柳州柳晶环保科技有限公司 | Regeneration method of organic waste sand |
| CN114562881A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-05-31 | 广西兰科资源再生利用有限公司 | Method for recycling casting waste sand based on vertical energy-saving roasting furnace |
| CN114749599A (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2022-07-15 | 广西兰科资源再生利用有限公司 | Micro-wet method treatment process for waste foundry sand |
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