CN110813551A

CN110813551A - Centrifugal separation device

Info

Publication number: CN110813551A
Application number: CN201911118686.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 荆保林; 刘芹; 刘泰峰; 王守仁
Original assignee: Laiwu Dezheng Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Laiwu Dezheng Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-15
Filing date: 2019-11-15
Publication date: 2020-02-21

Abstract

The invention discloses a centrifugal separation device, comprising: a tank body; a filter cartridge; a bearing seat; a gear case; a second motor; a screw assembly; a first drive assembly; and (4) feeding a pipe. The centrifugal separation device provided by the invention adopts the mode that the filter cartridge is matched with the spiral for solid-liquid separation, the whole occupied area is small, the large diameter of the spiral is closer to the inner diameter of the filter cartridge, and the accumulation of filter residues is not easy to generate.

Description

Centrifugal separation device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a centrifugal separation apparatus.

Background

Conventional centrifugal separation devices typically include a cylindrical filter cartridge that is mounted to a given support frame by bearings and is rotated to separate the material that is introduced into the cartridge. The separation mode is simple, but continuous production cannot be realized, the liquid separated from the filter cartridge can be directly guided away, but filter residues in the filter cartridge cannot be automatically discharged when the filter cartridge is in a rotating state, and subsequent materials cannot be continuously delivered.

In some implementations, the filter cartridge is adapted to realize the continuity of production in a manner of pushing a screw, specifically, as in chinese patent document CN207507661U, which includes a horizontal filter cartridge, in which a spiral sheet is disposed, the spiral sheet is coaxial with the filter cartridge, and the spiral sheet is a variable diameter screw to generate a filter pressing effect during the screw conveying process. In addition, different turning directions are adopted between the spiral sheets and the filter cartridges. In this kind of horizontal filter cartridge structure, the supporting shaft of the spiral piece needs to pass through the filter cartridge and then be mounted on a given frame through a bearing, the supporting shaft lacks other supports, natural deflection deformation is generated due to gravity, and the middle part sags to the maximum, which determines that the rotating speed of the spiral piece cannot be too high, otherwise, large vibration is generated. Meanwhile, the fit tightness between the major diameter of the spiral piece and the inner diameter of the filter cartridge is limited, namely, the fit clearance is usually large to avoid the motion interference between the middle part of the spiral piece and the filter cartridge, so that a layer of filter residue is accumulated on the filter cartridge, and the subsequent centrifugal cleaning is further influenced.

In addition, because some materials are still very big after solid-liquid separation, it can be understood that, for some materials with stronger hydrophilicity, even if the centrifugal separation speed is high enough, still more moisture will remain, and the reducing screw can easily generate compaction jam of materials in the process of pushing.

Similarly, chinese patent document CN204933726U also adopts a horizontal filter cartridge (referred to as a drum in the document) with a structure of a variable diameter screw, and the difference is that a groove in the axial direction of the filter cartridge is arranged in the filter cartridge, the groove is located outside the range of screw conveying, and material inevitably accumulates in the groove. For this reason, this patent document also provides a special part for cleaning the material in the groove, and the difficulty of arranging the cleaning part is very high because the filter cartridge needs to be rotated. In addition, in this patent document, several compressed gas inlets are provided in the groove, and cleaning is performed by compressed gas. Because the length of the groove is relatively large, the number of cleaning holes of a compressed gas inlet (called as a cleaning hole in the patent document) is obviously also relatively large, the total gas flow requirement is relatively large, and the compressed gas source is difficult to adapt to a proper compressed gas source. Meanwhile, the compressed gas inlets are numerous, so that the piping difficulty is extremely high. In addition, the filter cartridge rotates at a high speed, the connection of a compressed gas pipeline is difficult, and the whole realization difficulty is high.

The traditional centrifugal separator with the spirally matched filter cylinder generally adopts a horizontal structure, the whole occupied area is large, the horizontal structure inevitably leads to the support shaft supporting the spiral to generate a deflection edge shape, and in order to avoid generating movement interference, the distance between the spiral large diameter and the inner wall of the filter cylinder is larger, so that materials are easy to store in the filter cylinder, and the separation capability is further reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In the embodiment of the invention, the vertical centrifugal separation device is provided, solid-liquid separation is carried out by adopting a mode of matching the filter cartridge with the spiral, the whole occupied area is small, the large diameter of the spiral is closer to the inner diameter of the filter cartridge, and filter residue accumulation is not easy to generate.

In an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a centrifugal separation device comprising:

the tank body is of a vertical barrel type structure, a barrel opening is arranged at the upper part, and a liquid outlet is formed in one side of the bottom of the tank body;

the filter cartridge is provided with a cylindrical part, a conical part and a discharge pipe which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, wherein the cylindrical part and the conical part with the large top and the small bottom are of a net frame structure and are provided with a filter screen;

the discharge pipe extends downwards through the bearing seat and is matched with a thrust bearing or an angular contact bearing assembled on the bearing seat to support the filter cylinder;

the gear box is arranged in the tank body, and an output gear ring of the gear box is sleeved on the discharge pipe so as to drive the discharge pipe to rotate;

a second motor coupled to the gear box;

a screw assembly providing a screw cooperating with the cylindrical portion for feeding downwardly;

the first driving assembly is positioned above the filter cylinder, the output of the first driving assembly is connected with the spiral assembly, the direction of rotation of the spiral assembly and the direction of rotation of the filter cylinder are the same, and the slip ratio is not greater than 5% and not less than 3%;

and the feeding pipe is positioned above the filter cylinder, and the part which is inserted into the filter cylinder is horizontally arranged and is higher than the upper limit of the spiral sweeping space and is marked as a horizontal part, the horizontal part is offset at one side of the filter cylinder, and the direction of the sprayed materials is consistent with the direction of rotation of the filter cylinder.

Optionally, the upper end of the filter cylinder of the centrifugal separation device is provided with a support frame, and the outer cylindrical surface of the support frame is a roller surface;

a plurality of roll shafts are arranged on the inner wall surface of the tank body corresponding to the circumferential direction of the supporting frame.

Optionally, the axial length of the helix is three-quarters to four-fifths of the pitch of the helix; or

The spiral is a multi-head spiral, and a plurality of spirals are circumferentially arrayed on the spiral shaft;

the sum of the corresponding central angles of the plurality of spirals is equal to or less than 360 degrees and not less than 270 degrees.

Optionally, the taper of the tapered part is 1: 1-1: 5.

Optionally, there is a smooth transition between the conical portion and the cylindrical portion.

Optionally, the gearbox is mounted within the tank by an internal support located within the tank;

the supporting height of the inner bracket to the gear box is higher than the upper limit liquid level of the liquid in the tank body.

Optionally, the second motor is located on the underside of the gearbox and the second motor is above the upper limit level of liquid in the tank.

Optionally, a boss is arranged in the middle of the tank bottom of the tank body, and the height of the boss is higher than the upper limit liquid level of the liquid in the tank body;

the boss is provided with a via hole, and the discharging pipe penetrates out of the tank body from the via hole.

Optionally, a feeding auger for receiving slag materials led out from the discharge pipe is arranged at the lower side of the discharge pipe, and the feeding auger horizontally or obliquely downwards penetrates out of the tank body from one side of the tank body;

when the feeding auger is obliquely arranged downwards, the lowest point of the part of the feeding auger, which is positioned in the tank body, is higher than the upper limit liquid level of the liquid in the tank body.

Optionally, providing a gantry, the gantry spanning the tank;

the first driving assembly is arranged on a beam of the portal frame, and the feeding pipe is fixed on the beam;

correspondingly, a bearing seat for mounting a spiral shaft is arranged on the cross beam;

a first motor reducer forming a first driving assembly is matched on the bearing seat.

Unlike a conventional centrifugal separator in which a spiral-fitted filter cartridge is horizontally disposed, in the embodiment of the present invention, the filter cartridge is vertically disposed, and since it is not necessary to consider the problem that the movement interference is generated due to the deflection deformation of the spiral shaft and the deflection deformation is positively correlated with the spiral rotation speed, in the embodiment of the present invention, the speed adaptation between the filter cartridge and the spiral is more easily performed, and the filter cartridge can have a higher rotation speed. The feeding adopts a feeding pipe for feeding, the part of the feeding pipe inserted into the filter cylinder is a horizontal part, the horizontal part is higher than the upper limit of a spiral sweeping space and is used for avoiding movement interference, the horizontal part is offset at one side of the filter cylinder, the direction of the injected material is consistent with the direction of the rotation of the filter cylinder, the initial kinetic energy of the feeding is fully utilized, the burden of the filter cylinder is lightened, the material feeding mode gives the initial speed of the material, the horizontally injected material is guided by the wall surface of the filter cylinder, the fed material is enabled to not fall down directly and be smoothly dispersed onto the filter cylinder, and centrifugal separation is carried out based on the rotation of the filter cylinder. During the separation process, the spiral is fed downwards based on the rotating speed difference between the spiral assembly and the filter cylinder, and the feeding speed can be adjusted according to the set rotating speed difference, so that the spiral filter has better adaptability.

In addition, the floor space is greatly reduced due to the vertical arrangement. In addition, the variable diameter screw does not exist, the material jam is not easy to generate, and particularly, slag materials peeled off based on the screw can fall based on gravity, so that the probability of the jam generation is further reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a centrifugal separation apparatus according to an embodiment.

In the figure: 1. the automatic feeding device comprises an outer support, a liquid outlet, an inner support, a feeding auger, a slag outlet, a gear box, a bearing, a conical part, a cylindrical part, a pushing spiral, a feeding pipe, a cross beam, a supporting frame, a roller shaft, a first motor reducer, a tank body, a filter screen and a second motor reducer, wherein the outer support comprises 2, the liquid outlet, 3, the inner support comprises 4, the feeding auger, 5, the slag outlet, 6, the gear box, 7, the bearing, 8, the cylindrical part, 9, 10, the pushing spiral.

Detailed Description

Referring to the description, fig. 1 shows a centrifugal separator which is similar to a conventional horizontal centrifugal separator in that the elements which are in rotary motion in the drawing, such as a filter cartridge and a pusher screw 10, are in rotary motion. Wherein the filter cartridge is of a typical body of revolution.

The difference is that the centrifugal separation apparatus shown in fig. 1 has a vertical structure as a whole, and under such a condition, even if the speed of the pushing screw 10 is relatively high, the screw shaft of the pushing screw 10 is not deformed, and although there may be a problem of dynamic balance under a high speed condition, dynamic balance is a problem common to rotary members in the mechanical field, and is not discussed in the embodiment of the present invention.

Thus, further, in embodiments of the present invention, the rotational speed of the auger 10 and the filter cartridge may both be relatively high. In contrast, it will be appreciated that, as mentioned in the background, in applications where the helix is turned against the direction of rotation of the filter cartridge, the relative speed of the two must be greater than the relative speed of the two when the directions of rotation are opposite, given the angular velocities of the two (regardless of direction). Even if the spiral is static, the relative speed between the filter cartridge and the spiral is still large, so that the setting of the speed of the filter cartridge is greatly limited, and the separation efficiency is influenced.

It can be understood that the higher the angular velocity, the stronger the separation capacity, given the determined diameter of the filter cartridge, and therefore, based on the foregoing, the existing horizontal structure should not have too high a relative velocity between the spiral and the filter cartridge, and the separation capacity is greatly limited, and the speed of the filter cartridge that can be adapted to the existing horizontal structure is often low. In embodiments of the present invention, however, such limited specifications do not exist, and therefore, the filter cartridge may have a relatively high speed.

And it is further understood that in the embodiment of the present invention, the filter residue layer is peeled off by being pushed by the pushing screw 10, and the filter residue layer is not directly dropped on the cylindrical portion 9 with the highest linear velocity, but dropped on the tapered portion 8 with a relatively low linear velocity, and the dispersibility of the filter residue is relatively good.

Correspondingly, in the embodiment of the present invention, a tank 16 similar to the housing of the horizontal centrifugal separator is adapted to collect the centrifugally spilled liquid.

In the present embodiment, the can body 16 is generally a drum structure. In some embodiments, it will be appreciated that since the can 16 does not need to be swiveled, it is less affected by this and does not need to be provided in a drum configuration in order to accommodate other configurations, such as a configuration that biases, for example, the gearbox 6.

The barrel opening of the tank 16 is upward, and the liquid outlet 2 is formed at the bottom of the tank 16, it can be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the liquid outlet 2 can be configured in a self-flowing manner because the limit flow of the liquid outlet 2 is relatively small.

On the other hand, the position of the liquid outlet 2 directly defines the highest liquid level in the tank 16, so that the installation of other parts is less affected.

It will be particularly appreciated that, as previously described, the location of the spout 2 does not interfere with other components or structures, and that the spout 2 can be opened relatively large to minimize the amount of liquid remaining in the tank 16.

In fig. 1, the liquid outlet 2 is opened on the left side as viewed in the drawing, and the liquid outlet 2 has a pipe connecting flange for piping.

In some embodiments, the liquid outlet 2 may be formed in the bottom plate of the tank 16 for easy drainage. Under such conditions, it is necessary to support the tank 16 at a certain height for piping by, for example, the outer frame 1. Furthermore, the tank 16 may itself be provided with legs to facilitate the provision of the spout 2 in the tank floor.

For the filter cartridge, in the embodiment of the present invention, the filter cartridge is also vertically arranged, the self dynamic balance is not influenced by gravity, and is relatively good, or after the dynamic balance is adjusted, the filter cartridge can be supported only at the lower part by the rotary support. In the configuration shown in fig. 1, the lowermost part of the cartridge is a tap hole 5, shown in the drawing, essentially a tubular body, denoted as tap pipe, shown in the drawing as a tubular shaft configuration, with a lumen for the discharge of residues, outside the tubular shaft for the assembly of the driven gear shown in the drawing, and adapted to be mounted on a bearing block, shown in fig. 1, on the gearbox 6, in particular in the position of the bearing 7 in fig. 1.

The bearing matched with the bearing seat is a thrust bearing, and an angular contact bearing can also be adopted.

The filter cartridge is provided with a plurality of sections, which are sequentially a cylindrical support frame 13, a cylindrical part 9, a truncated cone-shaped conical part 9 with a large upper part and a small lower part and the slag outlet 5 from top to bottom, and the filter cartridge is arranged on the gear box through a bearing 7.

As mentioned above, the tap hole 5 is configured as a tubular shaft structure, the shaft diameter is adapted for mounting the bearing 7, the driven gear is a ring gear which is fixedly sleeved on the tubular shaft and then meshed with the driving gear to form the main transmission part of the gear box 6.

The gearbox 6 may have only one pair of gears as described above, provided that the transmission ratio is appropriate. The gear box is matched with the second motor for driving.

In conditions where the gear ratio is inappropriate, a second motor reducer 18 as shown in figure 1 may be used to drive the gearbox 6 to adapt the gear ratio.

As previously described, it is known based on the principle of the present invention that the filter cartridge can have a higher rotation speed than the filter cartridge in the horizontal centrifugal separator, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the driven gear is installed at the slag hole having the smallest outer diameter, which facilitates to obtain a faster rotation speed.

For the cylindrical part 9, which is the part of the filter cartridge mainly generating the separation effect, firstly, the feed pipe 11 inserted into the filter cartridge generates a horizontal jet, the jetted liquid flow is in a linear motion and is constrained by the inner cylindrical surface of the filter cartridge, the linear motion is equivalent to the tangential direction of a given circle taking the axis of the filter cartridge as the axis, the liquid flow directly impacts on the inner wall of the cylindrical part 9 and is attached to the filter cartridge in a smooth manner, relatively speaking, the filter cartridge also rotates, the jetted liquid flow is not greatly different from the linear speed of the filter cartridge at the position, or the linear speed of the filter cartridge at the position of the liquid flow jet is the same as or approximately the same as the jetting speed of the liquid flow according to the setting, therefore, the jetted and splashed materials are little or not generated, and therefore, under the condition that the filter cartridge is vertically arranged, the materials can be attached to the.

Correspondingly, the feed pipe 11 is fixed to the cross beam 12 in fig. 1 so that it is above the filter cartridge. The portion of the feed pipe 11 that is inserted into the cartridge, i.e. the horizontal portion, which is higher than the upper limit of the helical swept volume, is offset to one side of the cartridge and the direction of the sprayed material coincides with the cartridge direction.

It should be noted that the direction of the ejected material is a projectile, and is neither a straight line nor an arc, but a parabola. In the embodiment of the invention, the outlet of the feed pipe 11 is very close to the cartridge, the closer the outlet is, the smaller the loss of velocity corresponding to the tangential direction of the cartridge, and the inlet pipe 11 outlet is as close as possible to the cartridge, ensuring no interference of movement.

In this condition, the feed tube 11 ejects material substantially in line with the tangential direction of the point where the cartridge initially contacts the stream, which is indicated by the aforementioned horizontal portion offset to one side of the cartridge and the direction of the ejected material in line with the direction of cartridge rotation. As will be more clearly understood herein, the spray direction is not opposite to the direction of the filter cartridge, i.e., "in" direction.

In fig. 1, the pushing screw 10 is composed of a screw shaft and a screw mounted or molded on the screw shaft, the pushing screw 10 is suspended, and the upper end thereof is mounted on the cross beam 12 shown in fig. 1 through a bearing housing and driven by a first motor reducer 15 shown in the drawing.

The helix on the pushing helix 10 is used to push down material attached to the cylindrical part 9. The material pushed down by the screw will still fall onto the cartridge for the horizontal configuration, and will fall off by the screw, similar to a shovel, and will fall off the cylindrical portion 9, falling off for the vertical configuration.

It will be appreciated that for centrifugal separation, too long a separation time is not required, and that most of the liquid will tend to be separated from the material in less than 1 second. The residual liquid is not easily separated out further due to the formation of the slag layer.

The falling material falling at a reduced speed falls on the conical portion 8 and will fall in a spiral, like a vortex, in which the linear speed is slower and slower, but still a certain separation will occur.

Correspondingly, the cylindrical part 9 and the conical part 8 are provided with a screen 17, and the part supporting the screen 17 is of a frame structure.

Furthermore, it should be further noted that, in the conventional horizontal structure, the direction of rotation between the screw and the filter cartridge is opposite, whereas in the embodiment of the present invention, the direction of rotation between the screw and the filter cartridge is the same, under which condition, in order to realize screw pushing, a slip ratio between the screw assembly and the filter cartridge is not more than 5% and not less than 3%.

Slip is defined herein as the ratio of the angular velocity difference between the auger assembly and the filter cartridge to the rotational speed of the filter cartridge or auger assembly at a lower speed.

In fig. 1, when the highest point of the spiral runs to the outlet position of the feeding pipe 11, part of the material directly falls on the upper surface of the spiral, and the material on the upper surface of the spiral is thrown onto the filter screen 17 based on the rotation of the spiral, and the adhesion of the material on the filter screen 17 is not influenced.

The filter cylinder is of a reducing structure on the whole, obviously, the cylindrical part 9 is of a large diameter, a separation gap is reserved between the cylindrical part and the tank body 16, and the gap is preferably 10-50 mm. In such a configuration, the canister 16 also takes the form of a solid of revolution, with the axis of the canister 16 being collinear with the axis of the filter cartridge.

As mentioned above, the revolving body may have a dynamic balance problem during the revolving process, and a simple use of the bearing 7 to support the filter cartridge at the lower end cannot ensure a better dynamic balance effect of the filter cartridge, so the upper end of the filter cartridge is configured as a supporting frame 13, and the outer cylindrical surface of the supporting frame 13 is a roller surface.

Accordingly, a plurality of roller shafts 14 are provided on the inner wall surface of the can body 16 in correspondence to the circumferential direction of the support frame 13, thereby supporting the rollers at the upper end. The upper end and the lower end are supported and matched, so that the filter cartridge has better operation stability.

In conventional horizontal centrifugal separation devices, the axial length of the spiral is very large, and the spiral often has a multi-pitch structure, even a length exceeding 10 pitches. In embodiments of the invention, the axial length of the counter-helix is relatively small, in contrast to the horizontal configuration.

In the structure shown in fig. 1, the spiral is a single-start spiral, and in this condition, the axial length of the spiral is three-quarters to four-fifths of the pitch of the spiral, and plays a major role in peeling off the filter cake layer attached to the column portion 9 downward, and the axial length of the spiral is substantially equal to the axial length of the column portion 9.

In some embodiments, the helix is a multi-start helix, and accordingly, the multi-start helix is necessarily adapted with a plurality of helical monomers circumferentially arrayed on the helix shaft.

Correspondingly, the sum of the corresponding central angles of the plurality of spirals is less than or equal to 360 degrees and not less than 270 degrees, and the peeling requirement can be met.

For the conical part 8, the taper is not too large or too small, the filter residue cannot fall due to the too small taper, the separation effect is relatively poor for the small taper, and experiments determine that the taper of the conical part needs to be controlled to be 1: 1-1: 5.

To effectively avoid the slugs, there is a smooth transition between the conical portion 8 and the cylindrical portion 9.

In the configuration shown in fig. 1, the gear box 6 is mounted in the tank 16 by means of an inner bracket 3 located inside the tank 16; the gear box 6 needs to be adapted with a liquid sealing structure, or the gear box 6 needs to have certain waterproof capacity, and the waterproof capacity is above IP 57.

Suitably, the inner support 3 supports the gearbox 6 at a height above the upper limit level of the liquid in the tank 16.

In some embodiments, to better protect the second motor, the second motor is concealed under the gear box 6, and accordingly, the second motor is located on the underside of the gear box 6 and above the upper limit level of liquid within the tank 16.

Regarding the discharge of the filter residue, the filter residue can be discharged from the bottom of the tank 16 or from the side surface of the tank 16, and in some embodiments, a boss is arranged in the center of the bottom of the tank, and the height of the boss is higher than the upper limit liquid level of the liquid in the tank 16; correspondingly, the boss is provided with a through hole, and the discharging pipe penetrates out of the tank body 16 through the through hole.

In the structure shown in fig. 1, a feeding auger 4 for receiving slag materials led out from the discharge pipe is arranged at the lower side of the discharge pipe, and the feeding auger 4 horizontally or obliquely downwards penetrates out of the tank body 16 from one side of the tank body 16.

Correspondingly, when the feeding auger 4 is arranged downwards, the lowest point of the part of the feeding auger 4, which is positioned in the tank body 16, is higher than the upper limit liquid level of the liquid in the tank body 16.

Claims

1. A centrifugal separation device, comprising:

a second motor coupled to the gear box;

2. The centrifugal separation device of claim 1, wherein the upper end of the filter cartridge is a support frame, and the outer cylindrical surface of the support frame is a roller surface;

3. The centrifugal separation device of claim 1, wherein the axial length of the spiral is three-quarters to four-quarters of the pitch of the spiral; or

4. The centrifugal separation device of claim 1, wherein the taper of the tapered portion is 1:1 to 1: 5.

5. A centrifugal separation device according to claim 4 wherein the conical portion and the cylindrical portion are smoothly transitioned.

6. A centrifugal separation apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the gearbox is mounted within the tank body by an internal support located within the tank body;

7. A centrifugal separation device according to claim 6 wherein the second motor is located on the underside of the gearbox and the second motor is above the upper limit level of liquid in the tank.

8. The centrifugal separation device of claim 1, wherein the bottom of the tank is centrally provided with a boss having a height above the upper limit level of the liquid in the tank;

9. The centrifugal separation device of claim 1, wherein a feeding auger for receiving slag discharged from the discharge pipe is arranged on the lower side of the discharge pipe, and the feeding auger horizontally or obliquely downwards penetrates out of the tank body from one side of the tank body;

10. A centrifugal separation apparatus according to claim 1, 8 or 9 wherein a gantry is provided, the gantry spanning the vessel;