CN110809211A - Method for actively reducing noise of earphone, active noise reduction system and earphone - Google Patents
Method for actively reducing noise of earphone, active noise reduction system and earphone Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
- H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2460/01—Hearing devices using active noise cancellation
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Abstract
The disclosure relates to a method for actively reducing noise of an earphone, an active noise reduction system and the earphone. The method comprises the following steps: playing a prompt tone; determining a current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone, or determining characteristic parameters of a time domain and/or a frequency domain of a prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone as selection reference parameters; determining current filtering parameters of the filter of the headset based on a plurality of groups of preset selection reference parameters and associated preset filtering parameters thereof and the determined selection reference parameters; configuring the filter with the determined current filtering parameters for active noise reduction. The method can conveniently and rapidly adjust the configuration of the filter according to different wearing modes and different ear canal structures under the condition of basically not influencing user experience, thereby ensuring the active noise reduction effect of the earphone and improving the listening experience of a user.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a headphone and an active noise reduction method for the headphone, and more particularly, to an active noise reduction method for the headphone, an active noise reduction system compatible with the headphone, and a headphone having an active noise reduction function.
Background
With the social progress and the improvement of the living standard of people, the earphone becomes an indispensable living article for people. The earphone with the active noise suppression function can enable a user to enjoy comfortable noise reduction experience in various noisy environments such as airports, subways, airplanes, restaurants and the like, and is increasingly widely accepted by markets and customers. However, different noise conditions, different wearing manners of the earphones and different ear canal structures all affect the noise suppression function of the existing earphones, and bring less than ideal use experience to users.
First, most of the active noise reduction schemes provided by the current headphones are that a user selects a filter coefficient according to a noise scene, for example, the noise scene may include: airplanes, restaurants, subways, streets, and the like. The user sets a fixed set of noise reduction coefficients, e.g., feedforward filter coefficients and feedback filter coefficients, for the headset by selecting different noise scenarios. When a user switches among a plurality of scenes, the scenes need to be selected for multiple times to adjust the noise reduction coefficient, and the use experience of the user is greatly influenced by the method. Even in the same scene, the noise conditions are not consistent, for example, subways in rush hours and late-night subways on duty have completely different noise intensities, and it is obviously not appropriate to use the same noise reduction coefficient for subway scenes in different periods.
Secondly, the noise reduction effect of the earphone is greatly influenced by different wearing modes and different ear canal structures. Different users have different ear canal structures, and different wearing modes can lead to different relative positions between the half-in-ear earphone and the human ear, and the influence of the generated gap on noise and the influence on in-ear echo are different. Even if the same user uses the same type of earphone, the positions of the earphones in the ears of the user are not completely consistent each time the user wears the earphones, and therefore the filtering coefficients adopted when the noise of the earphones is reduced need to be actively adjusted in an adaptive mode. Obviously, the existing earphones cannot solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure is provided to solve the above-mentioned problems occurring in the prior art.
The present disclosure is directed to an active noise reduction scheme, including a method, a system, and an earphone for implementing the scheme, which can perform convenient and rapid adaptive adjustment on filter configuration for different wearing manners and different ear canal structures without substantially affecting user experience, thereby ensuring an active noise reduction effect of the earphone and improving listening experience of a user.
According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, an active noise reduction method is provided. The method is applied to an earphone comprising a loudspeaker, an in-ear microphone and a filter. The method comprises the following steps: playing a prompt tone; determining a current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone, or determining characteristic parameters of a time domain and/or a frequency domain of a prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone, wherein the characteristic parameters are used as current selection reference parameters; determining current filtering parameters of the filter of the headset based on a plurality of groups of preset selection reference parameters and associated preset filtering parameters thereof and the determined selection reference parameters; configuring the filter with the determined current filtering parameters for active noise reduction.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, an active noise reduction system is provided for use in a headset including a speaker, an in-ear microphone, and a filter. The system comprises a playback unit, a first determination unit, a second determination unit and said filter in the headphone. The playback unit is configured to cause a speaker of the headphone to play an alert tone. The first determination unit is configured to: and determining the current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone or characteristic parameters of a time domain and/or a frequency domain of a prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone as current selection reference parameters. The second determination unit is configured to: determining current filtering parameters of the filter of the headset based on a plurality of sets of preset selection reference parameters and associated preset filtering parameters thereof and the current selection reference parameters. The filter is then configured to: configured with the determined current filtering parameters for active noise reduction.
According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a headset is provided. The headset includes at least a speaker, an in-ear microphone, a filter, a memory, and a processor. The memory of which has stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, enable the active noise reduction method of the headset according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
The earphone can conveniently and rapidly determine the adaptive configuration of the filter through the multiple groups of preset selection reference parameters, the associated preset filtering parameters and the determined current selection reference parameters, and can ensure the active noise reduction effect under different wearing modes and different ear canal structures; and by playing a short segment of alert tones instead of intentionally playing longer duration audio to determine the current selection reference parameters, the user experience can be improved and the computational resources and time consumed by the determining step can be correspondingly reduced.
Drawings
In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, like reference numerals may describe similar components in different views. Like reference numerals having letter suffixes or different letter suffixes may represent different instances of similar components. The drawings illustrate various embodiments generally by way of example and not by way of limitation, and together with the description and claims serve to explain the disclosed embodiments. The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts, where appropriate. Such embodiments are illustrative, and are not intended to be exhaustive or exclusive embodiments of the present apparatus or method.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an active noise reduction process of a headphone according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2(a) shows a flowchart of an active noise reduction method of a headset according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2(b) shows a flowchart of an active noise reduction method of a headset according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the determination of preset filter parameters with the feedforward filter enabled according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of determining a preset transfer function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of determining a current transfer function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 6 illustrates a block diagram of an active noise reduction system in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the technical aspects of the present disclosure, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present disclosure are described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. The order in which the various steps described herein are described as examples should not be construed as a limitation if there is no requirement for a context relationship between each other, and one skilled in the art would know that sequential adjustments may be made without destroying the logical relationship between each other, rendering the overall process impractical.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an active noise reduction process of a headphone 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1, in general, the headphone 100 implements an active noise reduction process through a feed-forward path and a feedback path. To more fully describe the active noise reduction process, the following description is made in conjunction with the feedforward filter 111, the echo filter 112 and the feedback filter 113; it should be appreciated that each filter may be selectively enabled as the case may be (e.g., trade-off between power consumption, time required for noise reduction, and noise reduction effect). Typically, the feedforward filter 111 is enabled, and the echo filter 112 and the feedback filter 113 are selectively enabled.
In some embodiments, the ear microphone 101a may collect the ambient noise on the feed-forward path, and the ambient noise collected by the ear microphone 101a may include an audio component leaked to the surrounding environment when the speaker 107 of the earphone 100 plays the audio signal, in addition to the noise generated by the surrounding environment, and the audio component becomes a part of the ambient noise. The collected ambient noise is subjected to gain processing by an analog gain 102a and analog-to-digital conversion by a first analog-to-digital converter 103a, and then is transmitted to a first low-pass and down-sampling filter 104 a. The first low pass and down sample filter 104a can reduce the filter sampling rate, thereby reducing power consumption and filter order, and further reducing the area of the noise reduction chip and reducing cost. Subsequently, the ambient noise signal passing through the first low-pass and down-sampling filter 104a is filtered by a feedforward filter to perform noise reduction processing on the ambient noise collected by the ear microphone 101 a. The noise-reduced ambient signal is transmitted to the adder 109, and then is processed by digital-to-analog conversion of the digital-to-analog converter 106, and is played by the speaker 107. The feedforward filtered ambient noise played out by the speaker 107 and arriving in the ear creates air cancellation to achieve noise reduction.
In some embodiments, in the feedback path, the in-ear microphone 101b collects in-ear noise including an audio echo signal generated when the audio signal is played and an in-ear residual signal after air cancellation at a position inside the earphone near the ear canal. The collected in-ear noise is subjected to gain processing by an analog gain 102b and analog-to-digital conversion by a second analog-to-digital converter 103b, and then transmitted to a second low-pass and down-sampling filter 104 b. The second low pass and downsample filter 104b can reduce the filter sampling rate, thereby reducing power consumption and filter order, and further reducing the area of the noise reduction chip and reducing cost. Subsequently, the in-ear noise signal passing through the second low-pass and down-sampling filter 104b is transmitted to the adder 110. The audio signal to be played 105 is an audio signal to be transmitted to the speaker 107 for playing, and on one hand, it is transmitted to the adder 109, and after being processed by the digital-to-analog conversion of the digital-to-analog converter 106, it is played by the speaker 107; on the other hand, it is transmitted to an echo filter 112, the echo filter 112 is used to cancel the audio echo signal generated after the audio signal to be broadcast 105 is played by the loudspeaker 107, and then the audio signal to be broadcast 105 filtered by the echo filter 112 is fed to the adder 110. The adder 110 integrates the in-ear noise processed by the second low-pass and down-sampling filter 104b with the audio signal processed by the echo filter 112, so that the noise signal in the feedback path is no longer affected by the audio echo signal. The adder 110 then transmits the integrated noise signal to the feedback filter 113 for filtering to achieve feedback noise reduction. The feedback-filtered noise signal is transmitted to the adder 109 through the limiter 108, and is processed by digital-to-analog conversion in the digital-to-analog converter 106 and then played by the speaker 107.
The above is based on the working principle of actively reducing noise of the earphone of the embodiment of the present disclosure, and the noise on the feedforward path and the feedback path is filtered respectively, so that the active noise reduction function of the earphone can be realized, the noise reduction effect of the earphone is improved, and the listening experience of a user is improved. In consideration of the change of noise reduction requirements caused by the change of the wearing posture of the earphone and the ear canal structure of the human ear, the various embodiments of the present disclosure can conveniently and rapidly adjust the filter configuration (which kind of filter is used and the filter coefficient of the filter configuration is used) according to different wearing modes and different ear canal structures without influencing the user experience (avoiding playing the audio which is not desired by the user and has a long duration), thereby ensuring the active noise reduction effect of the earphone and improving the listening experience of the user.
Fig. 2(a) shows a flow diagram of an active noise reduction method 200a according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2(a), the process 200a starts with step 201, and in step 201, an alert tone is played. For example, an alert tone may be played in response to detecting that the headset is in the ear for a duration less than 5 seconds to alert the user of the operational state of the headset, such as "ding" (headset in ear), "noise reduction on", "active noise reduction on", etc. In step 202a, a current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone is determined by playing an alert tone. The current transfer function characterizes the effect of the transmission path of the loudspeaker, the ear canal reflections and the in-ear microphone on the audio signal. The current transfer function is determined by playing the prompt tone with short duration and simple audio content, the calculation amount is small, the calculated order of the current transfer function is low, and compared with the method of determining the current transfer function based on the audio with long duration, the calculation resources and the calculation time consumed by the current step and even the subsequent steps (such as the step 203a mentioned below) can be reduced; moreover, the duration of the alert tones is short, many current earphones have the advantages that users generally adapt to playing of the alert tones, the user friendliness is high, the alert tones which generally exist in the earphones and are generally accepted by the users are effectively reused, new audio signals which are long in playing duration and bad in user experience are avoided, and the user experience is improved while the control difficulty of the step 202a is reduced.
Next, in step 203a, current filter parameters of the filter of the headset may be determined based on the sets of preset transfer functions and their associated preset filter parameters and the determined current transfer function. Note that the term "filter parameters" in the art includes whether or not each filter (such as, but not limited to, a feedforward filter, a feedback filter, and an echo filter) is enabled and the filter coefficients of each filter that is enabled.
At step 204, the filters may be configured with the determined current filtering parameters, e.g., the respective filters are enabled and configured with the determined current filtering coefficients, for active noise reduction. It has been found through experiments that by matching the configuration of the filter based on the transfer function of the transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone, the adaptive configuration of the filter can be determined conveniently and quickly, and the active noise reduction effect under different wearing manners and different ear canal structures can be ensured.
In fig. 2(a), the current filtering parameters of the filter of the earpiece are determined using the transfer function of the transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone as the (current) selection reference parameter. This is by way of example only and not by way of limitation, and other forms of selection reference parameters may also be employed; the inventors have found that various selection reference parameters can be used which embody the effect of the transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone on the alert tone; in particular, different wearing manners and different ear canal structures influence the ear canal reflection and transmission effects on the transmission path, thereby being characterized by different effects of the transmission path on the cue tone.
Fig. 2(b) shows a flowchart of an active noise reduction method 200b for a headphone according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where step 201 and step 204 are the same as step 201 and step 204 in fig. 2(a), and are not described herein again. As shown in fig. 2(b), the difference from the active noise reduction method 200a is that, in step 202b, the characteristic parameters of the time domain and/or the frequency domain of the cue tone acquired by the in-ear microphone are determined as the current selection reference parameters. In step 203b, current filtering parameters of the filter of the headset may be determined based on the plurality of sets of preset respective characteristic parameters and their associated preset filtering parameters and the determined characteristic parameters.
That is, in step 202b, the characteristic parameters of the time domain and/or the frequency domain of the alert tone acquired by the in-ear microphone are used as the selection reference parameters. Through presetting the prompt tone, the time domain and/or frequency domain characteristic parameters of the prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone can accurately represent the action effect of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone on the prompt tone; especially for the same series of earphones with similar in-ear microphone and loudspeaker configurations, the characteristic parameters of the time domain and/or the frequency domain of the prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone can accurately represent different ear canal reflection and transmission effects caused by different wearing modes and different ear canal structures on the transmission path. Experiments show that the adaptive configuration of the filter can be conveniently and rapidly determined by adopting the configuration of the filter matched by adopting the selection reference parameters, and the active noise reduction effect under different wearing modes and different ear canal structures can be ensured. Moreover, the time domain and/or frequency domain characteristic parameters of the alert tone obtained by the in-ear microphone are processed for a single alert tone signal (i.e. the alert tone signal after the action of the transmission path), and compared with the transfer function of the transmission path (based on both the alert tone signal before the action of the transmission path and the alert tone signal after the action) in fig. 2(a), the calculation is simpler and more convenient, and the real-time performance is better.
The sets of preset selection reference parameters and their associated preset filtering parameters may be determined in various ways. In some embodiments, this may be achieved by pre-simulation testing in the artificial ear. For example, the earphone shown in fig. 1 may be worn in an artificial ear, a segment of alert sound is played as the audio signal 105, various configurations of the feedforward filter 111, the feedback filter 113 and the echo filter 112 are adjusted to obtain an optimized active noise reduction effect, and the selection reference parameter and the optimized filtering parameter are recorded in association as a set of preset selection reference parameters and associated preset filtering parameters. By adjusting the wearing conditions (e.g. different wearing manners and different ear canal structures), multiple sets of preset selection reference parameters and associated preset filtering parameters can be obtained.
In the case of using the transfer function of the transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone as the selection reference parameter, it is also possible to amplify the sets of preset selection reference parameters and their associated preset filtering parameters in such a way that the workload of the pre-simulation detection is significantly reduced. Specifically, taking the feedforward filter 111 as an example, the product of the filter coefficient of the feedforward filter 111 and the transfer function of the transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone under different wearing conditions is relatively fixed, for example, it does not vary by more than 1db within 2k frequency. Thus, the correspondence relationship may be expressed as: the first preset filter coefficient · first preset transfer function = the second preset filter coefficient · second preset transfer function; where the operational symbol "·" represents a cascade of filters configured with the above-described filter coefficients and transfer functions. That is to say, when the noise environment changes due to different wearing manners of the earphone and different ear canal structures of the human ear, in view of the known preset filter coefficient and the preset transfer function, only another preset transfer function of the transmission path from the speaker to the in-ear microphone under the changed preset condition needs to be determined, so as to determine the corresponding another preset filter coefficient. This amplification method can also be applied to the feedback filter 113 and the echo filter 112, which is not described herein.
How to determine the predetermined filter coefficients when the feedforward filter is enabled will be further described with reference to fig. 3.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram for determining preset filter coefficients of a feedforward filter according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, the earphone is placed in the ear canal of the artificial ear, and the ambient noise 301a is acquired when the audio signal is not being played by the speaker. The ambient noise 301a is passed on one hand via an analog-to-digital converter 302a and then to a feed-forward filter 304. On the other hand, the ambient noise 301a enters behind the human ear to form the in-ear noise 301b, and the in-ear noise 301b is collected by the in-ear microphone 303 and then transmitted to the feedforward filter 304 after passing through the analog-to-digital converter 302 b. The feedforward filter 304 is able to determine the preset filter coefficients of the feedforward filter 304 under laboratory conditions based on the ambient noise signal and the in-ear noise signal. The in-ear noise signal collected by the in-ear microphone 303 is made as small as possible by continuously adjusting the filter coefficients of the feedforward filter 304. Specifically, after obtaining the preset filter coefficient, the feedforward filter 304 filters the noise signal by using the coefficient, and then plays the noise signal through the speaker, the played noise and the in-ear noise generate an air cancellation effect, the cancelled residual signal is collected by the in-ear microphone 303, and the residual signal is used to further perform iterative adjustment of the filter coefficient until the residual signal is sufficiently small. It should be noted that, a laboratory may provide various environmental noises, and the preset filter coefficient with better noise reduction effect may be determined through a trial and error process of playing the various environmental noises.
In some embodiments, a prompt tone may also be played by the speaker, and the prompt tone and the ambient noise 301a are fed into the analog-to-digital converter 302a, and other processing procedures are similar, which are not described herein, and the preset filter coefficient with better noise reduction effect may be obtained by continuously adjusting the filter coefficient of the feedforward filter 304 so that the sound collected by the in-ear microphone 303 is as close to the original prompt tone as possible.
When the transfer function of the transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone is used as the selection reference parameter, the preset transfer function and the current transfer function may be determined in various ways, for example, by using an adaptive echo filter.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of determining a preset transfer function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 4, an earphone is placed in an ear canal of an artificial ear, and a first alert tone 401 is played by a speaker 403 via a digital-to-analog converter 402 a. On the one hand the first alert tone 401 is transmitted to an echo filter 406; on the other hand, the audio signal played by the speaker 403 is reflected by the ear canal and collected by the in-ear microphone 404, and then is analog-to-digital converted by the analog-to-digital converter 402b to obtain the echo signal 405 of the first warning tone. The echo filter 406 is able to determine a preset transfer function of the transmission path from the earpiece speaker to the in-ear microphone under laboratory preset conditions based on the first alert tone 401 and the echo signal 405 of the first alert tone.
The above description takes the artificial ear pre-test as an example, and in some embodiments, the pre-test may also be performed in the human ear, which is not described herein.
Determining the current transfer function is further described below in conjunction with fig. 5.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of determining the current transfer function according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 5, the user places an earpiece in the ear canal and a second alert tone 501 is played by a speaker 503 via a digital-to-analog converter 502 a. On the one hand the second alert tone 501 is transmitted to an echo filter 506; on the other hand, the audio signal played by the speaker 503 is reflected by the ear canal and collected by the in-ear microphone 504, and then is subjected to analog-to-digital conversion by the analog-to-digital converter 502b to obtain the echo signal 505 of the second warning tone. The echo filter 506 is able to determine the current transfer function of the transmission path from the speaker of the earpiece to the in-ear microphone when the user places the earpiece in the ear canal and plays the alert tone audio based on the second alert tone 501 and the echo signal 505 of the second alert tone.
In some embodiments, the preset and current transfer functions may be calculated in other ways than using an adaptive echo filter.
For example, the current transfer function may be calculated by the following equation (1):
y (n) = x (n) × h (n) formula (1),
wherein x (n) represents discrete signal of the cue tone, y (n) represents discrete signal of the cue tone obtained by the microphone in ear, h (n) represents impulse response of the current transfer function, n is discrete time, is convolution operation, and h (n) is obtained by expanding the convolution operation and then utilizing matrix operation.
For another example, the current transfer function may also be calculated by the following equation (2):
h (n) = IFFT (FFT (y (n))/FFT (x (n)))) equation (2)
The FFT is a fourier transform operation, and the IFFT is an inverse fourier transform operation.
The calculation method can conveniently and accurately calculate the current transfer function without a self-adaptive echo filter; of course, the calculation method can also be flexibly applied to the calculation of the preset transfer function, which is not described herein.
In some embodiments, the same segment of the alert tone as in the actual application may be used in a pre-test to reduce the interference of the difference of the alert tone (difference in time and/or frequency) with the selection of the reference parameters and the filter parameters. In some embodiments, the playing of the alert tone and its acquisition by the in-ear microphone may be triggered by a hardware clock, ensuring that both start at the same time or remain at a fixed time delay. Therefore, the played prompt tone and the prompt tone acquired by the microphone in the ear are ensured not to generate uncertain time delay due to circuit implementation, and further the deviation of the selection reference parameter and the finally determined current filtering parameter caused by the way is avoided as much as possible.
In some embodiments, in case the current transfer function is taken as the current selection reference parameter, the preset selection reference parameter is accordingly the preset transfer function, and the current filtering parameters of the filter of the headphone may be determined by: selecting a preset transfer function with the highest similarity to the current transfer function from a plurality of groups of preset transfer functions; and determining the preset filtering parameter associated with the selected preset transfer function with the highest similarity as the current filtering parameter.
In some embodiments, in a case where a time-domain distribution parameter of a cue tone acquired by the in-ear microphone is used as a current selection reference parameter, the preset selection reference parameter is accordingly a preset time-domain distribution parameter, and a current filtering parameter of the filter of the headset may be determined as follows: selecting a preset time domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity to the time domain distribution parameter of the prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone from a plurality of groups of preset time domain distribution parameters; and determining the preset filtering parameter associated with the selected preset time domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity as the current filtering parameter.
Specifically, the time domain distribution parameter may be a signal amplitude sequence in the time domain, and the similarity may be determined by the amplitude difference of the corresponding time, for example, by the sum of the amplitude difference (the absolute value of the difference or the square of the difference, etc.) of the corresponding time in the time domain. The smaller the sum, the higher the degree of similarity is considered. In some embodiments, the time domain waveform of the signal may also be calibrated (e.g., subtracted or divided) based on a reference waveform (e.g., a waveform in the case of no or few cue tone components) to eliminate interference of the reference waveform with the similarity.
In some embodiments, in the case that the frequency domain distribution parameter of the cue tone acquired by the in-ear microphone is used as the current selection reference parameter, the preset selection reference parameter is accordingly the preset frequency domain distribution parameter, and the current filtering parameter of the filter of the earphone can be determined as follows. For example, a preset frequency domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity to the frequency domain distribution parameter of the prompt tone is selected from multiple groups of preset frequency domain distribution parameters; and determining the preset filtering parameter associated with the selected preset frequency domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity as the current filtering parameter.
In some embodiments, the frequency domain distribution parameter may be a set of components at each frequency point, and the similarity is determined by a difference between the components at the corresponding frequency points. For example, the similarity may be determined by summing differences (absolute value of difference or square of difference, etc.) of components corresponding to respective frequency points in the frequency domain, and the smaller the sum is, the higher the similarity is considered. In some embodiments, weights may also be applied to the various differences in the summation process to emphasize differences at the frequency points of interest.
In some embodiments, the time and/or frequency domain feature parameters may be extracted based on a complete alert tone or at least one small segment (e.g., one or several segments) therein (in the time domain or in the frequency domain). For example, if the waveform of the alert tone and the playing time thereof are preset, one or more segments with larger amplitude in the alert tone may be selected, or one or more segments with better signal-to-noise ratio in the alert tone may be selected, which is beneficial to reducing the influence and interference of noise.
In some embodiments, the characteristic parameters of the time domain and/or the frequency domain of the alert tone obtained by the in-ear microphone may also be based on a time domain and/or a frequency domain segment of at least a portion of the alert tone obtained by the in-ear microphone. For example, the alert tone obtained by the in-ear microphone may be selected from one or several segments of the alert tone with larger amplitude (as an example of a segment in the time domain), or from one or several segments of the alert tone with better signal-to-noise ratio (as an example of a segment in the time domain), or may be selected from one or more segments of the frequency domain distribution of the alert tone (for example, one or more frequency domain segments outside the frequency domain range where noise is removed, as an example of a segment in the frequency domain), which is beneficial to reduce the influence and interference of noise on the obtained characteristic parameters.
In some embodiments, the characteristic parameters of the in-ear microphone in the time domain and/or the frequency domain may also include signal energy of at least a part of the in-ear microphone in the time domain and/or the frequency domain. For example, the in-ear microphone may be used to pick up the alert tone with a larger amplitude or pick up one or more segments with a better signal-to-noise ratio, which is beneficial to reduce the influence and interference of noise.
In some embodiments, the signal energy of the segment before, after, or even in the middle of the playing of the alert tone, in which the component of the alert tone is extremely small or even zero, may be selected as the reference energy. The reference energy may then be subtracted from or otherwise normalized with respect to the signal energy of the alert tone to achieve calibration. The current filtering parameters of the filter are selected by using the calibrated signal energy, so that the influence of noise can be further reduced. Furthermore, in view of the fact that noise has large variation on a time domain waveform and uncertainty exists in distribution of frequency domain components, noise energy is obtained and calibration is performed according to the noise energy, operation robustness is better, and calibration effect is better. In some embodiments, the reference energy may include noise energy, but is not limited to this, and may also include a shifted baseline energy.
In some embodiments, the signal energy in the time and/or frequency domain of at least part of the alert tone picked up by the in-ear microphone is normalized with respect to the signal energy of the alert tone played by the loudspeaker. I.e. the signal energy is obtained by dividing the signal energy in the time and/or frequency domain of at least part of the alert tone picked up by the in-ear microphone by the signal energy of the alert tone played by the loudspeaker.
Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of an active noise reduction system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 6, a system 600 includes a playing unit 601, a first determining unit 602a, a second determining unit 602b, and a filter bank. As an example, the filter bank may comprise a feedforward filter 603; optionally and additionally, an echo filter 604 and a feedback filter 605 are also included. The following description will take as an example a filter bank including a feedforward filter 603, an echo filter 604 and a feedback filter 605.
Wherein the playing unit 601 may be configured to cause the speaker to play an alert tone. The first determining unit 602a may be configured to: and determining the current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone or determining characteristic parameters of a time domain and/or a frequency domain of a prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone as current selection reference parameters. The second determining unit 602b may be configured to: determining current filtering parameters of the filter of the headset based on the plurality of sets of preset selection reference parameters and associated preset filtering parameters thereof and the determined selection reference parameters. While filter banks 603, 604, and 605 may be configured to: configured with the determined current filtering parameters for active noise reduction.
In some embodiments, the feedforward filter 603, the echo filter 604 and the feedback filter 605 may be implemented as programmable (e.g., at least filter coefficients writable) hardware, such as any of an FPGA (field programmable gate array), an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit), an SOC (system on a chip), a DSP (digital signal processor) chip; may also be implemented as executable computer instructions stored on a memory and executable by a microprocessing unit. Further, the playing unit 601, the first determining unit 602a, and the second determining unit 602b may be implemented as executable computer instructions stored on a memory and executable by a micro-processing unit, such as but not limited to a DSP, a single chip microcomputer, an SOC, an ARM (advanced reduced instruction set computer) processor, an Intel processor, a microprocessor without internal interlock pipeline stages (MIPS processor), and the like.
In some embodiments, the first determining unit 602a may be further configured to: and determining the time domain distribution parameter of the prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone as the current selection reference parameter. Accordingly, the second determining unit 602b may be further configured to: selecting a preset time domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity to the time domain distribution parameter of the prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone from a plurality of groups of preset time domain distribution parameters; and determining the preset filtering parameter associated with the selected preset time domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity as the current filtering parameter.
In some embodiments, the first determining unit 602a may be further configured to: and determining the frequency domain distribution parameters of the prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone as the current selection reference parameters. Accordingly, the second determining unit 602b may be further configured to: selecting a preset frequency domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity to the frequency domain distribution parameter of the prompt tone from a plurality of groups of preset frequency domain distribution parameters; and determining the preset filtering parameter associated with the selected preset frequency domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity as the current filtering parameter.
These are merely examples, and various implementations of steps 202a and 203a in fig. 2(a) and steps 202b and 203b in fig. 2(b) according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented by the first determining unit 602a and the second determining unit 602b, respectively, and are not described herein again. In particular, the characteristic parameters of the in-ear microphone in the time domain and/or the frequency domain of the alert tone may include signal energy of at least a portion of the in-ear microphone in the time domain and/or the frequency domain. As another example, the signal energy is calibrated with respect to a reference energy.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, there is also provided an earphone comprising at least a speaker, an in-ear microphone, a filter, a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the method of actively reducing noise of an earphone according to various embodiments of the present disclosure.
In some embodiments, the filter may also be implemented as executable instructions on a memory that are executable by a processor; or as hardware that is programmable (e.g., at least filter coefficients are writable), such as any of an FPGA (field programmable gate array), an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit), an SOC (system on chip), a DSP (digital signal processor) chip.
In some embodiments, the plurality of sets of preset selection reference parameters and the preset filtering parameters associated therewith may be obtained through a pre-test, and pre-stored in a memory of the headset, for example, the memory of the headset is stored when the headset leaves a factory; the alert tone may also be preset and pre-stored on the memory. Therefore, the earphone can play uniform prompt tones, accordingly, the current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone is determined, or characteristic parameters of a time domain and/or a frequency domain of the prompt tones acquired by the in-ear microphone are determined to be used as selection reference parameters, and the determined current selection reference parameters are compared and matched with multiple pre-stored groups of preset selection reference parameters and associated preset filtering parameters, so that the adaptive configuration of the filter is conveniently and rapidly determined, and the active noise reduction effect under different wearing modes and different ear canal structures can be ensured. By playing a small segment of the alert tone instead of deliberately playing a longer duration audio to determine the selection reference parameter, the user experience can be improved and the computational resources and time consumed by this determination step can be correspondingly reduced. By using uniform alert tones during testing and actual application, it is helpful to eliminate the deviation and interference caused by the difference of alert tones in various steps (such as but not limited to determination of the current transfer function, determination of characteristic parameters of the alert tone acquired by the in-ear microphone in time domain and/or frequency domain, determination of current filter parameters of the filter, etc.).
Moreover, although exemplary embodiments have been described herein, the scope thereof includes any and all embodiments based on the disclosure with equivalent elements, modifications, omissions, combinations (e.g., of various embodiments across), adaptations or alterations. The elements of the claims are to be interpreted broadly based on the language employed in the claims and not limited to examples described in the present specification or during the prosecution of the application, which examples are to be construed as non-exclusive. It is intended, therefore, that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims and their full scope of equivalents.
Claims (20)
1. A method of actively reducing noise in a headset including a speaker, an in-ear microphone, and a filter, the method comprising:
playing a prompt tone;
determining a current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone, or determining characteristic parameters of a time domain and/or a frequency domain of a prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone, wherein the characteristic parameters are used as current selection reference parameters;
determining current filtering parameters of the filter of the headset based on a plurality of groups of preset selection reference parameters and associated preset filtering parameters thereof and the current selection reference parameters;
configuring the filter with the determined current filtering parameters for active noise reduction.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the filtering parameters include whether a feedforward filter, a feedback filter, and an echo filter are respectively enabled, and filtering coefficients of each enabled filter.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of sets of preset selection reference parameters are a plurality of sets of preset transfer functions with the current transfer function as the current selection reference parameter, and the current filtering parameters of the filter of the headphone are determined by:
selecting a preset transfer function with the highest similarity to the current transfer function from the multiple groups of preset transfer functions;
and determining the preset filtering parameter associated with the selected preset transfer function with the highest similarity as the current filtering parameter.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the alert tone is less than 5 seconds in duration and is played in response to detecting the headset is in the ear to alert a user of the operational condition of the headset.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the current transfer function is calculated by the following equation (1):
y (n) = x (n) × h (n) formula (1),
wherein x (n) represents discrete signals of the cue tone, y (n) represents discrete signals of the cue tone obtained by the microphone in the ear, h (n) represents the impulse response of the current transfer function, n is discrete time and is convolution operation, and h (n) is obtained by expanding the convolution operation and then utilizing matrix operation;
or by the following equation (2):
h (n) = IFFT (FFT (y (n))/FFT (x (n)))) equation (2)
The FFT is a fourier transform operation, and the IFFT is an inverse fourier transform operation.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the case that the time-domain distribution parameters of the cue tones obtained by the in-ear microphone are used as current selection reference parameters, the multiple groups of preset selection reference parameters are multiple groups of preset time-domain distribution parameters, and the current filtering parameters of the filter of the headphone are determined by:
selecting a preset time domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity to the time domain distribution parameter of the prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone from the plurality of groups of preset time domain distribution parameters;
and determining the preset filtering parameter associated with the selected preset time domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity as the current filtering parameter.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the time-domain distribution parameter is a signal amplitude sequence in the time domain, and the similarity is determined by amplitude difference at corresponding time instants.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the case that the frequency domain distribution parameters of the cue tones acquired by the in-ear microphone are used as the selection reference parameters, the plurality of groups of preset selection reference parameters are a plurality of groups of preset frequency domain distribution parameters, and the current filtering parameters of the filter of the headphone are determined by:
selecting a preset frequency domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity to the frequency domain distribution parameter of the prompt tone from the plurality of groups of preset frequency domain distribution parameters;
and determining the preset filtering parameter associated with the selected preset frequency domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity as the current filtering parameter.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the frequency domain distribution parameter is a set of components at each frequency point, and the similarity is determined by a difference between the components at the corresponding frequency points.
10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the characteristic parameters of the time and/or frequency domain are extracted based on the complete alert tone or a segment or several segments thereof acquired by the in-ear microphone.
11. The method according to claim 1 or 10, wherein the characteristic parameters of the in-ear microphone in the time domain and/or the frequency domain of the cue tone comprise signal energy of at least part of the in-ear microphone in the time domain and/or the frequency domain of the cue tone.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the signal energy is calibrated signal energy relative to a reference energy.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sets of preset selection reference parameters and their associated preset filtering parameters are obtained by a pre-simulation test in an artificial ear.
14. An active noise reduction system for a headphone, the headphone comprising a speaker and an in-ear microphone, the active noise reduction system comprising:
a playing unit configured to cause the speaker to play an alert tone;
a first determination unit configured to: determining a current transfer function of a transmission path from the loudspeaker to the in-ear microphone, or determining characteristic parameters of a time domain and/or a frequency domain of a prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone as current selection reference parameters;
a second determination unit configured to: determining the current filtering parameter based on a plurality of groups of preset selection reference parameters and associated preset filtering parameters thereof as well as the current selection reference parameter;
a filter bank configured to: configured with the determined current filtering parameters for active noise reduction.
15. The active noise reduction system of claim 14, wherein the first determination unit is configured to: determining a time domain distribution parameter of a prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone as the current selection reference parameter;
the second determination unit is configured to: selecting a preset time domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity to the time domain distribution parameter of the prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone from a plurality of groups of preset time domain distribution parameters; and determining a preset filtering parameter associated with the selected preset time domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity as the current filtering parameter.
16. The active noise reduction system of claim 14, wherein the first determination unit is configured to: determining a frequency domain distribution parameter of a prompt tone acquired by the in-ear microphone as a selection reference parameter;
the second determination unit is configured to: selecting a preset frequency domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity to the frequency domain distribution parameter of the prompt tone from a plurality of groups of preset frequency domain distribution parameters; and determining the preset filtering parameter associated with the selected preset frequency domain distribution parameter with the highest similarity as the current filtering parameter.
17. The active noise reduction system of claim 14, wherein the characteristic parameters of the in-ear microphone in the time and/or frequency domain of the cue tone comprise signal energy in the time and/or frequency domain of at least a portion of the cue tone picked up by the in-ear microphone.
18. The active noise reduction system of claim 17, wherein the signal energy is calibrated signal energy relative to a reference energy.
19. An earphone comprising at least a speaker, an in-ear microphone, a filter, a memory, and a processor, the memory having stored thereon computer-executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, perform the steps of the method of any one of claims 1-13.
20. The headset of claim 19, wherein the memory is configured to store the plurality of sets of preset selection reference parameters and their associated preset filtering parameters.
Priority Applications (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010386259.XA CN111541971B (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Method for actively reducing noise of earphone, active noise reduction system and earphone |
| CN202010016249.7A CN110809211B (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | Method for actively reducing noise of earphone, active noise reduction system and earphone |
| PCT/CN2020/082478 WO2021114514A1 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-31 | Active noise control headphones |
| US16/836,919 US10834494B1 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-01 | Active noise control headphones |
| US17/068,765 US11317192B2 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2020-10-12 | Active noise control headphones |
| US17/151,545 US11330359B2 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2021-01-18 | Active noise control headphones |
| US17/718,667 US11595748B2 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2022-04-12 | Active noise control headphones |
| US17/975,921 US11653141B2 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2022-10-28 | Active noise control headphones |
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| CN110809211B (en) | 2020-05-19 |
| CN111541971A (en) | 2020-08-14 |
| CN111541971B (en) | 2022-07-05 |
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