CN110807598A - User load regulation and control value evaluation method participating in orderly power utilization - Google Patents
User load regulation and control value evaluation method participating in orderly power utilization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a user load regulation and control value evaluation method participating in orderly power utilization, which comprises the following steps: s1, a load regulation and control value index system is established by fully considering a plurality of influence factors of different modes of rest adjustment, peak avoidance and time staggering; s2, performing dimensionality reduction treatment on the matrix under each potential index based on a projection pursuit dynamic clustering model, and realizing quantification of user regulation and control potential; and S3, comprehensively evaluating the user load regulation and control value grade participating in the orderly power utilization by using the matter element extension theory. The method is simple in implementation process, can effectively excavate the ordered power utilization value potential of the user, is beneficial to a power grid company to screen the users suitable for participating in the ordered power utilization enterprise, improves the safety and stability of the power grid operation, and has remarkable economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of orderly power utilization of power grid implemented users, in particular to a user load regulation and control value evaluation method participating in orderly power utilization.
Background
Along with the rapid development of social economy, the contradiction between supply and demand is more prominent in the peak period of electric power, and the gap between power supply is continuously increased. For this reason, a series of measures are taken by the power grid company and the related power operation departments to solve the problem of power supply and demand shortage in the peak hours. The problem of power supply and demand balance is solved by blindly increasing power construction in the early stage, which is often not optimistic, and the investment pressure of a power grid company is increased; the power limiting mode of switching-off power limiting and one-knife cutting is directly adopted, so that the power utilization satisfaction degree of power users is greatly reduced, and the method is not preferable in long term. In order to alleviate the situation, a power grid company adopts a series of load regulation measures such as rest, peak shifting, peak avoidance and the like, the power utilization order is standardized, and remarkable effect is achieved.
In recent years, the establishment of the intelligent power grid in China provides user power utilization characteristic information for orderly power utilization, and the initiative of the user in participating in the orderly power utilization is more obvious. Accordingly, an ordered power utilization strategy suitable for power utilization enterprises is urgently needed to be formulated, a more economic and effective load regulation and control mode is established, the power utilization enterprises are effectively organized to participate in ordered power utilization work such as peak shifting, peak avoiding, power limiting and the like, peak shifting and valley filling are carried out, and loads are balanced, so that the economical efficiency of power grid operation is remarkably improved while power supply and demand gaps are absorbed, the spare capacity of a system is increased, and the safe and stable operation of the power grid is facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for considering the production and operation of enterprises, the safe and stable operation of a power grid and the power utilization satisfaction degree of power consumers. Through quantitative analysis of potential indexes of power consumption enterprises such as rest, time staggering and peak avoidance, reference is provided for power grid companies to adopt an ordered power consumption scheme. On the premise of ensuring the satisfaction degree of the power consumption of the user, the contradiction between the power supply and the demand is relieved to a certain degree, and meanwhile, the operation efficiency of a power grid enterprise can be improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a user load regulation and control value evaluation method participating in orderly power utilization comprises the following steps:
s1, a load regulation and control value index system is established by fully considering a plurality of influence factors of different modes of rest adjustment, peak avoidance and time staggering;
s2, performing dimensionality reduction treatment on the matrix under each potential index based on a projection pursuit dynamic clustering model, and realizing quantification of user regulation and control potential;
and S3, comprehensively evaluating the user load regulation and control value grade participating in the orderly power utilization by using the matter element extension theory.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S1, a first-level index system and a static index system including a rest-adjusting, time-staggering and peak-avoiding regulation potential are established according to the electricity utilization characteristics and the production characteristics of the user and following the systematic, scientific, targeted and operable principles of the index system.
As further improvement of the method, in the established three index systems of the regulation potentials of the rest, the time staggering and the peak avoidance, each first-level index is represented by a plurality of second-level indexes, and the rest comprises a weekly rest load, a weekly descending load rate, a transferable load rate and a weekly rest cost; the time staggering comprises time staggering load, peak time power consumption ratio, peak-to-valley load change rate and time staggering cost; the peak avoidance comprises interruptible load, load fluctuation rate, peak time difference rate and peak avoidance cost.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in the step S1, the static indicators include a unit electricity production value, a unit electricity tax, and a unit electricity pollution.
As a further improvement of the invention, after the load regulation and control value evaluation indexes are established, a regulation and control value index data high-dimensional matrix of a user is formed, and in order to eliminate the influence of different dimensions, the evaluation values of all indexes need to be standardized, and a projection index function is constructed. :
Q(a)＝O(a)-I(a)
as a further improvement of the invention, a maximum optimization model is constructed, and the optimal projection direction is calculated. The projection index function optimization model is as follows:
solving is carried out on the nonlinear optimization model by adopting a real number coded accelerated genetic algorithm (RAGA).
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, the object elements may be used to determine the classical domain, the segment domain and the object elements to be evaluated, calculate the association function value of the object elements of the user to be evaluated, and finally perform comprehensive evaluation on the value of the user participating in the ordered power utilization.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. based on the characteristics, the embodiment follows the systematic, scientific, targeted and operable principles of the index system according to the operation characteristics of regional enterprises, and selects the index system from four aspects of rest, time-staggered and peak-avoiding regulation potentials and static indexes respectively, so that the index system is more comprehensive and reasonable.
2. The method aims at the defect that when a power grid implements an orderly power utilization scheme, the power grid cannot thoroughly schedule the enterprises participating in orderly power utilization, so that one-time cutting is caused; and the traditional index weight calculation method also has a great subjectivity problem. In the embodiment, aiming at the load regulation and control evaluation problem that the index weight is unknown and the weight solving is easily influenced by subjective factors, the evaluation model objectively evaluates the ordered power utilization level of each enterprise. The method can better guide the power grid to implement the ordered power utilization and improve the operation benefit of a power grid company.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an implementation of the method for evaluating the user load regulation value participating in the orderly power utilization according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a system diagram for evaluating load control value.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of load regulation value assessment participating in orderly power usage.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific preferred embodiments of the description, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method of this embodiment includes a method for evaluating the user load regulation value participating in the orderly power utilization, which includes the steps of:
s1, a load regulation and control value index system is established by fully considering a plurality of influence factors of different modes of rest adjustment, peak avoidance and time staggering;
s2, performing dimensionality reduction treatment on the matrix under each potential index based on a projection pursuit dynamic clustering model, and realizing quantification of user regulation and control potential;
and S3, comprehensively evaluating the user load regulation and control value grade participating in the orderly power utilization by using the matter element extension theory.
Orderly power management is an important way to alleviate power supply tension, especially during structural power shortage periods. The smooth operation of the orderly power utilization needs an objective and authoritative load regulation and control value evaluation system. The method establishes the potential indexes of adjusting and controlling the rest, time staggering and peak avoidance, and the 3 kinds of scheduling potentials are calculated separately and are not connected with each other. The load control value evaluation system is shown in fig. 2.
The value indexes of the user controllable load are composed of 8 sub indexes including 4 characteristic indexes (X)k1～Xk4) And 4 static indicators Xk5～Xk8And k is 1,2 and 3 respectively represent 3 regulation and control means of adjusting and regulating, staggering time and avoiding peak.
For customers scheduled with weekly holidays, the holidays are usually scheduled on weekends, and the user load will decrease to some extent. The formula is as follows:
X11＝Pwork-Pfree(1)
in the formula: pworkIs the user's working day load average; pfreeThe user's weekend load average.
The weekly load reduction rate indicates a tendency of the end-of-week load to decrease compared to the working day during the normal working hours. The larger the weekly load decline rate indicates that the plant has the rest characteristic, and the plant is preferentially arranged and regulated. Which has the formula of
X12＝X11/(Pwork-Psl) (2)
In the formula: pslIs a security load.
Transferable load rate refers to the proportion of load to total load that can be transferred to a period of inactivity during peak demand.
X13＝Wtrans/Wday(3)
In the formula: ptransThe adjustable rest load of the user in the daily peak period is realized.
The rest will increase the economic cost in terms of manpower expenditure, etc., which is summarized herein as the rest cost (X)14)。
The time-staggered load refers to the load released by a user through time-staggered production during peak electricity utilization. The formula is as follows:
X21＝Ppeak-min(Pel-Pdl) (4)
in the formula: pelAnd PdlRespectively advancing/postponing the user load of K hours by taking the peak time of the power utilization area as a center; k is determined according to the duration of the peak of the power grid.
The peak power utilization ratio is the proportion of the load of the peak time period of the working day of the user to the load of the whole day. The expression is as follows:
X22＝Wpeak/Wday(5)
in the formula: wpeakThe load of the user in the peak period of the power utilization area is shown; wdayThe load of a typical day for the user.
The peak-to-valley load change rate is the ratio of the peak-time power consumption to the valley-time power consumption of the user, and is used for representing the stability of the power consumption of the user.
X23＝Pmax/Pmin(6)
In the formula: pmaxAnd PminRespectively peak and trough load for the user on a typical day.
The economic loss generated by time-staggered regulation is defined as the time-staggered cost (X)24)。
Interruptible load refers to the load dropped by a user during peak power periods during a work day by an emergency shutdown device.
X31＝Ppeak-Pesl(7)
In the formula PeslThe economic production of the user guarantees the load.
The load fluctuation rate refers to the load fluctuation degree in the electricity utilization period of the user, and reflects the relative magnitude of load dispersion. Is calculated by the formula
X32＝σ/μ (8)
In the formula: sigma is the standard deviation of typical load of user working days; μ is the load mean.
The peak time difference rate refers to the degree of time difference between the peak load in the electricity utilization area and the peak load between the users. The peak time difference rate is calculated by the formula
Wherein T is a determined time length; t ist(u) is the time of the u-th maximum load of the area; t ist(v) The moment of the v-th maximum load of the user; g is the g maximum loads before calculation.
The participation of users in peak avoidance control causes certain economic loss, and the text refers to the peak avoidance cost (X)34) To indicate.
The 3 types of potential characteristic indexes of the user have independence with each other, and all contain common static indexes: specific electricity production value (X)k5) Tax revenue per unit of electricity (X)k6) Unit electric quantity pollutant (X)k7) And specific gravity of electricity purchase (X)k8) And (4) forming. The 4 indexes respectively represent 4 aspects of the output value benefit, the social contribution degree, the environmental protection and the electricity purchasing importance of the user, and are important embodiment factors for evaluating whether the user has the regulation and control capability.
The unit electricity production value represents the operation production capacity, and the expression is as follows:
Xk5＝Rtotal/Wtotal(11)
in the formula: rtotalProducing a total value for the user's year; wtotalThe total annual power consumption of the user.
The unit electric quantity tax reflects the value of the user to the society, and the expression is as follows:
Xk6＝Stotal/Wtotal(12)
in the formula: stotalTax the user's year.
The unit electric quantity pollutant reflects the damage of the user operation activity to the environment, and the formula is as follows:
Xk7＝Ototal/Wtotal(13)
in the formula: o istotalThe annual waste discharge of the users mainly comprises SO2、NOxAnd the like.
The electricity purchasing proportion is the proportion of electricity purchasing quantity of a user in all the electricity purchasing quantities of the user, and is used for reflecting the importance degree of the user on the income of a power grid enterprise.
Xk8＝Wtotal/WT(14)
In the formula, WTThe method is characterized in that the method is used for always purchasing electric quantity for orderly power utilization users in a power utilization area.
After the load regulation and control value evaluation index is established, the regulation and control value index data of the user form a high-dimensional matrix. The load regulation and control potential of each user needs to be accurately quantified, and then an appropriate regulation and control strategy can be further formulated. At present, the projection pursuit dynamic clustering theory is widely applied to engineering practice. The essence of projection pursuit is to project data from a high-dimensional space to a low-dimensional space, and analyze structural features such as classification and sequencing of the high-dimensional data on the low-dimensional projection space. Therefore, the high-dimensional data is observed by using a low-dimensional angle, and more data information is finally obtained. The method ensures the accuracy and the robustness of data processing on the premise of reducing the complexity of data.
The problem of each load regulation potential assessment can be described as: set E ═ E composed of m evaluation objects1,e2,…,emH, index set H ═ H1,h2,…,hn}，HbAnd HcSubscript sets representing the benefit-type and cost-type indices in H, respectively. The evaluation matrix is X ═ X (X)ij)m×nIn order to eliminate the influence of different dimensions, the evaluation value of each index needs to be standardized, and the data standardization matrix is
The specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein, maxxijAnd minxijRespectively representing the maximum value and the minimum value of the j index.
Let a be ═ a1,a2,…,an]As unit projection direction vector, for X*Performing a linear projection of X*One-dimensional projection value p on aiComprises the following steps:
projecting m one-dimensional projection values piPolymerizing into T (T is less than or equal to m) type, using WλWhere (λ ═ 1,2, …, T) denotes the set of λ -th class one-dimensional projection values, written as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and
the cluster centers of the lambda-th class and the y-th class, respectively. I (a) represents the aggregation degree of the sample space, and the smaller I (a), the better the clustering effect.
The degree of inter-class dispersion o (a) represents the degree of dispersion in the sample space, and the greater o (a), the more distinct the sample discrimination.
The projection index function can be represented by I (a) and O (a)
Q(a)＝O(a)-I(a) (20)
When the index evaluation value in the sample is determined, the size of the projection index function is only related to the direction vector a, and the optimal projection direction a can be calculated by constructing a projection index function maximization optimization model*Since a is a unit projection direction vector, satisfy
Therefore, it can be used for
As the index weight vector, the influence degree of each index on the overall efficiency can be fully reflected, and the problem that the weight determination process is easily influenced by subjective factors is solved. The projection index function optimization model is as follows:
equation (9) is a typical complex nonlinear optimization problem, which is difficult to process by using a conventional optimization method, and can be solved based on a real number encoded accelerated genetic algorithm (RAGA).
The evaluation of the comprehensive load regulation and control value of industrial users is an important component of the ordered power utilization evaluation model. The matter element extension can realize the global optimal decision. Due to its good adaptability, it has been widely used in various fields.
The object element extension model firstly divides the objects to be evaluated according to grades, then brings the index value of the object to be evaluated into the sets of the grades to be evaluated, finally compares the objects to be evaluated and the relevance between the sets of the grades, and determines the relevant grade by taking the relevance value as a standard. The relevance is in direct proportion to the fitness of the level set, and the greater the relevance, the better the fitness of the level set.
The object element is
In the formula RlIs the first homothetic matter element; slThe first rating is divided; ckThe kth regulatory potential; vkl＝[akl,bkl]Is NlAbout the index CkThe specified magnitude range, i.e., the data range classical domain taken by each level with respect to the corresponding regulatory potential; l is 1,2, …, t.
Wherein S is the whole of the user to be evaluated; vks＝[aks,bks]Is S about CkThe range of the magnitude taken, i.e. the section area of S, and
(k＝1,2,…,r；l＝1,2,…,t)。
and for the user s to be evaluated, representing the collected statistical data or analysis result by using an object element R, and then calling the R as the object element to be evaluated.
Wherein s is a specific user; v. ofkAs s index for regulatory potential CkThe value of (a) is the data of each regulation and control potential of the user to be evaluated.
The correlation function is
In the formula
|Vkl|＝|bkl-akl| (27)
The relevance formula of the object element s to be evaluated is
Because the 4 potential indexes are independent of each other, the weight vector is taken
If it isThe user s is rated as belonging to the class l0。
In the formula I*Characteristic values of level variables of s, e.g. l0＝2，l*2.8, s is assigned to the 2 nd order biased toward the 3 rd order (strictly speaking, to 2.8 orders), depending on l*The degree of the bias toward the other level can be seen.
The load regulation and control value evaluation process of the users participating in the ordered power utilization comprises the following steps: firstly, constructing an evaluation matrix for each index of load in three regulation and control modes of resting, peak shifting and peak avoiding; then, the evaluation matrix is subjected to dimensionality reduction treatment by combining a projection pursuit dynamic clustering theory, the optimal projection direction is determined, the user load regulation potential is quantified through the projection value, and the regulation and control mode suitable for each user can be analyzed; and finally, comprehensively judging the value of the user participating in the ordered power utilization by adopting an object element extension model. The evaluation flow is shown in fig. 3.
When the power grid enterprise formulates the ordered power utilization regulation and control scheme, users suitable for participating in regulation and control can be screened out by combining with the load gaps, and a suitable regulation and control means is determined according to the regulation and control potential of each user, so that the personalized regulation and control scheme is formulated by pertinently considering the load characteristics of the users.
Based on the relevant information of the 10kV industrial private line users in 2019 of Changsha city, the method provided by the text is adopted to judge the load regulation and control value of the relevant users. The data of 6 large users are selected for example analysis, the electricity utilization data of each user can be obtained from a marketing information system of a power grid company, and production and environmental protection data and the like can be provided by the users, governments and environmental protection departments. The initial index value for each user is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 index value of load regulation and control value of each user
1) And (4) preprocessing index data.
Taking the resting potential as an example, the load of the rest in the period (X) is within 8 indexes of the resting potential11) The rate of decrease in the cyclic load (X)12) Transferable load factor (X)13) And unit electrical quantity contaminant (X)17) Is a benefit-type index, the rest cost (X)14) Specific electricity production value (X)15) Tax of unit electric quantity
Receive (X)16) And specific gravity (X) of electricity purchase18) Is a cost-type indicator. According to the projection pursuit dynamic clustering theory, the optimal index weights under the regulation potentials of the three types of loads can be respectively obtained by solving the optimal projection index functions under the regulation and control modes of the three types of loads, namely, the resting mode, the peak avoiding mode and the peak shifting mode, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 optimal index weights under various potential indexes
2) And (5) quantifying the load regulation potential.
And combining the optimal weight, and calculating to obtain the rest, time staggering and peak avoiding potentials of each user participating in the orderly power utilization according to the formulas (15) - (17), wherein the results are shown in a table 3.
TABLE 3 load control potentials for individual users
The projection value obtained by the projection pursuit dynamic clustering theory quantifies the regulation and control potential of the user, the user can conveniently adopt a load regulation and control mode more suitable for the load characteristic of the user, and the method has a positive effect on formulating the whole ordered power utilization scheme.
3) And (5) evaluating the load regulation and control value.
The classical domain magnitude range consists of five levels, i.e., the classical domain magnitude range is [0,0.2], [0.2,0.4], [0.4,0.6], [0.6,0.8], [0.8,1.0 ]. The control value of each user can be quantified by utilizing the object element extension model based on the overhaul, alternate rest, time staggering and peak avoidance potentials of the users, so that the fuzzy expression is avoided, and the comprehensive evaluation is conveniently carried out. The association degree of each user load control value and the value grade evaluation value obtained by calculation through the formulas (13) - (18) are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 user load regulatable value rating
According to the data in the table, the judgment grade of the user 1 is the highest, the fourth grade is biased to the fifth grade, namely the user 1 has the most regulating value; the evaluation grade of the user 3 is the lowest, so that the regulation and control value of the user 3 can be judged to be the smallest; by specifically quantifying the load regulation and control values of users and carrying out grade judgment and sequencing, all users participating in the ordered power utilization scheme in the power utilization area can be optimized, the users with high regulation and control values are arranged to carry out load regulation and control, the power utilization load in the peak period is reduced, and the smooth operation of a power grid is facilitated.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A user load regulation and control value evaluation method participating in orderly power utilization is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, a load regulation and control value index system is established by fully considering a plurality of influence factors of different modes of rest adjustment, peak avoidance and time staggering;
s2, performing dimensionality reduction treatment on the matrix under each potential index based on a projection pursuit dynamic clustering model, and realizing quantification of user regulation and control potential;
and S3, comprehensively evaluating the user load regulation and control value grade participating in the orderly power utilization by using the matter element extension theory.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S1, a first-level index system and a static index system including a rest-adjusting, time-staggering and peak-avoiding regulation potential are established according to the electricity utilization characteristics and the production characteristics of the user and following the systematic, scientific, targeted and operable principles of the index system.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the established three index systems of the regulation and control potentials of the rest, the time staggering and the peak avoidance, each first-level index is represented by a plurality of second-level indexes, and the rest comprises a weekly rest load, a weekly decline load rate, a transferable load rate and a weekly rest cost; the time staggering comprises time staggering load, peak time power consumption ratio, peak-to-valley load change rate and time staggering cost; the peak avoidance comprises interruptible load, load fluctuation rate, peak time difference rate and peak avoidance cost.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S1, the static indicators include unit electricity production value, unit electricity tax, and unit electricity pollution.
5. The method for evaluating the user load regulation and control value participating in orderly power utilization according to claims 1 to 4, wherein: after the load regulation and control value evaluation indexes are established, a regulation and control value index data high-dimensional matrix of a user is formed, in order to eliminate the influence of different dimensions, the evaluation values of all indexes are required to be standardized, and a projection index function is constructed:
Q(a)＝O(a)-I(a)。
6. the method according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and constructing a maximum optimization model, and calculating the optimal projection direction. The projection index function optimization model is as follows:
solving is carried out on the nonlinear optimization model by adopting a real number coded accelerated genetic algorithm (RAGA).
7. The method for evaluating the user load regulation and control value participating in orderly power consumption of claim 6, wherein in step S3, a classical domain, a festival domain and an object element to be evaluated are determined by using an object element supportable, an object element association function value of the user to be evaluated is calculated, and finally the value of the user participating in orderly power consumption is comprehensively evaluated.
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