CN110806645A - Grating waveguide for augmented reality - Google Patents
Grating waveguide for augmented reality Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110806645A CN110806645A CN201911139565.7A CN201911139565A CN110806645A CN 110806645 A CN110806645 A CN 110806645A CN 201911139565 A CN201911139565 A CN 201911139565A CN 110806645 A CN110806645 A CN 110806645A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- grating
- waveguide
- coupling
- waveguide element
- augmented reality
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- NNWNNQTUZYVQRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-bromo-1h-pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound BrC1=NC=C2NC(C(=O)O)=CC2=C1 NNWNNQTUZYVQRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002574 CR-39 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002578 polythiourethane polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004984 smart glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12007—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer
- G02B6/12009—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind forming wavelength selective elements, e.g. multiplexer, demultiplexer comprising arrayed waveguide grating [AWG] devices, i.e. with a phased array of waveguides
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/122—Basic optical elements, e.g. light-guiding paths
- G02B6/124—Geodesic lenses or integrated gratings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B2006/12083—Constructional arrangements
- G02B2006/12107—Grating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a grating waveguide for augmented reality, comprising: a display light source, a waveguide element disposed opposite to the display light source, and a coupling element disposed on the waveguide element; the coupling element comprises a first coupling-in grating and a first coupling-out grating, the waveguide element, the first coupling-in grating and the first coupling-out grating are all of curved surface structures and have the same curvature, light rays emitted by the display light source are totally reflected in the waveguide element after the action of the waveguide element and the first coupling-in grating, and the light rays are incident into the visual field of an observer after the action of the first coupling-out grating and the waveguide element. The invention adopts the curved surface grating waveguide, achieves the purpose of expanding the visible area of the optical waveguide by utilizing the curved surface waveguide structure, effectively improves the definition of the edge of the picture, enhances the telepresence, and adapts to the effect of the diopter adjusting lens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of augmented reality, in particular to a grating waveguide for augmented reality.
Background
Smart glasses based on Augmented Reality (Augmented Reality) have attracted attention in recent years as wearable smart devices. AR glasses enhance the user's perception of the world by displaying virtual information that matches the real world. Among them, the AR lens is a key technical point as an optical display element. The combined structure of grating and optical waveguide is a popular AR lens optical display scheme.
The grating waveguide structure suitable for mass production is a combination structure of surface relief grating and glass optical waveguide, and Akonia, Dispelix, waveoptics, Microsoft and other companies and research institutions develop the scheme. The conventional structure is shown in fig. 1, and the imageable AR lens includes three parts, i.e., an incoupling grating a, an outcoupling grating c and a substrate optical waveguide b, and the grating period constants of the outcoupling and incoupling gratings are the same. The principle of this optical display scheme: the light of narrow-band image source is changed into parallel light by collimating lens and reaches the coupling-in grating a, the transmission direction of the parallel light is changed by diffraction effect of the coupling-in grating a, the light is transmitted along the substrate of the grating, namely the substrate optical waveguide b, because the diffracted light beam meets the total reflection condition, when the parallel light is transmitted to the coupling-out grating c, the coupling-out grating c recombines the dispersed light, and the dispersed light is output to the outside of the substrate optical waveguide b again according to the coupling-in direction.
Because of the narrow-band optical characteristics of the grating, the grating waveguide structure has a great challenge in terms of full-color display and color reduction, and in order to achieve the purpose of multicolor display, a mode of overlapping a plurality of grating waveguide structures is generally adopted. The common scheme is a mode of bonding and overlapping two to three layers of grating waveguide structures. Optical glue or double sided glue is generally used for bonding. Such as microsoft HoloLens, Magic leap one, etc.
As an element of a wearable device, an AR lens is generally required to have characteristics of large field angle, compact structure, and good appearance for ordinary consumers. As an information display element, the size of the viewing field range directly affects the integrity of the information obtained by the viewer and even the safety of the personnel. The common grating waveguide flat plate structure is limited by the refractive index of the waveguide material, and the viewing angle of the AR lens of the structure needs to be improved. In addition, due to the flat plate structure, the distances between each pixel point and human eyes on the image plane are unequal, and the fidelity and the immersion of the display effect are poor.
Therefore, the prior art is not sufficient and needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a grating waveguide for augmented reality.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: there is provided a grating waveguide for augmented reality, comprising: a display light source, a waveguide element disposed opposite the display light source, and a coupling element on the waveguide element; the coupling element comprises a first coupling-in grating and a first coupling-out grating, and the waveguide element, the first coupling-in grating and the first coupling-out grating are all of curved surface structures and have the same curvature.
The light emitted by the display light source is totally reflected in the waveguide element after the action of the waveguide element and the first coupling-out grating, and is incident into the view of an observer after the action of the first coupling-out grating and the waveguide element.
Further, the centers of curvature of the waveguide element, the first in-coupling grating and the first out-coupling grating are all located on the viewer side.
Further, the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating are located on a surface of the waveguide element on a side away from the viewer; or, the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating are located on the surface of the waveguide element on the side close to the observer.
Further, the coupling element further comprises: a second incoupling grating and a second outcoupling grating; the second coupling-in grating and the second coupling-out grating are positioned on the surface of the waveguide element, and are on different sides of the waveguide element from the first coupling-in grating and the first coupling-out grating; the second in-coupling grating and the second out-coupling grating both have the same curvature as the waveguide element.
The light emitted by the display light source is totally reflected in the waveguide element after passing through the second coupling-in grating, the waveguide element and the first coupling-in grating, and finally enters the view of an observer after passing through the first coupling-out grating, the waveguide element and the second coupling-out grating.
Further, the grating waveguide further comprises: a collimating lens disposed between the display light source and the waveguide element; and light rays emitted by the display light source enter the waveguide element after being collimated by the collimating lens.
Further, the grating waveguide further comprises: a negative lens for correcting diopter; the negative lens is arranged on the waveguide element and close to one side of the observer; the light exiting from the waveguide element is finally incident on the field of view of the observer after passing through the negative lens.
Further, the coupling element is a bulk phase grating or a surface relief grating, and the coupling element and the waveguide element are of an integral structure.
Further, the bulk phase grating is directly prepared on the surface of the waveguide element; or, the bulk phase grating is prepared on a polymer film, and then the polymer film is copied or attached to the surface of the waveguide element.
The surface relief grating is directly prepared on the surface of the waveguide element by adopting a micro-nano manufacturing technology; or, the surface relief grating is firstly prepared on a polymer film, and then the polymer film with the surface relief grating is copied or attached to the surface of the waveguide element.
Furthermore, the coupling element comprises three layers of body phase gratings or surface relief gratings which are arranged in a stacked mode, and each layer of body phase grating or surface relief grating corresponds to a wavelength of one color, so that RGB full-color display is achieved.
Or, the coupling element adopts an angle multiplexing mode to prepare the single-chip bulk phase grating or the surface relief grating, so that the three-color transmission of the single-chip grating RGB is realized.
Furthermore, a coating layer is arranged on the surface of the waveguide component and used for expanding the total reflection of the waveguide component.
By adopting the scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. under the condition that the length of the grating elements is the same, compared with the traditional structure, the view field of the grating with the curved surface structure is large; as the AR spectacle lens assembly, when the curvature design is appropriate, the distance from each point on the image plane to the eyes is equal, no matter in the central area or the edge area of the image plane, a wearer can obtain the best viewing effect even from the edge of the screen, the image edge display effect is better, the visual angle is wider, and the scene feeling and the content immersion feeling are enhanced.
2. The curved waveguide element is more easily adapted to the dioptric lens, the purpose of diopter adjustment can be realized only by attaching a negative lens to the curved waveguide element, the volume of the whole optical system can be reduced, the weight of the optical system can be reduced, the cost is lower, diopter correction is simple and feasible, and the inconvenience brought by observation of human eyes with abnormal diopter is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art planar grating waveguide;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a grating waveguide of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view comparing the grating waveguide of the present invention with a conventional planar grating waveguide;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a grating waveguide of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating waveguide according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a coupling element in a grating waveguide according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention provides a grating waveguide for augmented reality, which comprises: a display light source, a waveguide element disposed opposite the display light source, and a coupling element on the waveguide element; the coupling element comprises a first in-coupling grating and a first out-coupling grating. The waveguide element, the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating are all curved structures and have the same curvature. The coupling element and the waveguide element may be an integral structure, or the coupling element may be closely attached to the surface of the waveguide element.
When the grating waveguide works, light emitted by the display light source is totally reflected in the waveguide element after the coaction of the waveguide element and the first coupling-in grating, and is incident into the view of an observer after the coaction of the first coupling-out grating and the waveguide element. Because the first coupling-in grating, the first coupling-out grating and the waveguide element are all curved structures and have the same curvature, the field of view is larger than that of the traditional planar waveguide grating. When the curvature is properly designed, the distance from each point on the image plane to the eyes is equal, no matter the distance is in the central area or the edge area of the image plane, a wearer can obtain the best viewing effect even from the edge of the screen, the image edge display effect is better, the visual angle is wider, and the scene feeling and the content immersion feeling are enhanced.
It will be appreciated that the grating waveguide of embodiments of the present invention may have the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating on either the surface of the waveguide element on the side facing away from the viewer or the surface on the side facing towards the viewer.
When the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating are located on the surface on the side away from the observer, the working process of the grating waveguide of the embodiment of the present invention may be: light from the display light source enters the waveguide element and then enters the first coupling-in grating, is reflected by the first coupling-in grating and then is totally reflected in the waveguide element and transmitted to the first coupling-out grating, and the light reflected by the first coupling-out grating passes through the waveguide element and then enters the view field of an observer.
When the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating are located on the surface on the side close to the observer, the working process of the grating waveguide of the embodiment of the present invention may be: the light from the display light source is transmitted through the first coupling grating and then enters the waveguide element, and is totally reflected in the waveguide element and transmitted to the first coupling grating. The light transmitted by the first coupling grating enters the field of view of the observer.
It should be noted that, in the grating waveguide according to the embodiment of the present invention, the centers of curvature of the waveguide element, the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating are located on the viewer side. Further, the grating waveguide may include, in addition to the above components: a collimating lens. In a further preferred embodiment, the grating waveguide may further comprise a negative lens that can be used for diopter adjustment. In the following, the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating are illustrated on the surface on the side away from the viewer, and are described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the present invention provides a grating waveguide for augmented reality, including: the display device includes a display light source 1, a waveguide 2 provided to face the display light source 1, a collimator lens 5 provided between the display light source 1 and the waveguide 2, a coupling element provided on the waveguide 2, and a negative lens 7 provided on a side of the waveguide 2 close to an observer 6. The waveguide element 2 has a curved surface structure. The coupling element comprises a first incoupling grating 3 and a first outcoupling grating 4. The first incoupling grating 3 and the first outcoupling grating 4 are also curved structures and have the same curvature as the waveguide element 2, the first incoupling grating 3 and the first outcoupling grating 4 are located on the surface of the waveguide element 2 on the side away from the viewer, and the centers of curvature of the three are located on the side close to the viewer 6. The collimating lens 5 is used for collimating the light emitted from the display light source 1. The negative lens 7 is matched with the waveguide element 2 with the curved surface structure, and the negative lens 7 is attached to the waveguide element 2 through the optical adhesive layer 8 and used for correcting diopter.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the principle of the curved grating waveguide is as follows: the method is mainly realized by adopting the principles of grating diffraction, total reflection and negative lens diopter correction.
Specifically, light from the display light source 1 is collimated by the collimating lens 5 with good aberration correction, then enters the first incoupling grating 3 through the waveguide element 2, is reflected by the first incoupling grating 3, then is totally reflected in the waveguide element 2 to the first incoupling grating 4, finally is reflected by the first incoupling grating 4, then enters the negative lens 7 through the waveguide element 2, and enters the field of view of the observer 6 through the negative lens 7. Due to the presence of the first outcoupling grating 4, the total reflection propagation conditions of the light in the waveguide element 2 are broken, so that the light can emerge from the waveguide element 2. And for the light from the surrounding scenery, the light directly enters human eyes through the transmission of the upper surface and the lower surface of the waveguide element 2, thereby completing the real-time observation of the image information and the information of the surrounding scenery.
In the grating waveguide with the curved surface structure of the embodiment of the invention, because the coupling element and the waveguide element 2 are both curved surface structures, compared with the conventional waveguide grating with a planar structure, the view angle of the grating waveguide is enlarged, the purpose of enlarging the visible area of the optical waveguide is achieved, the telepresence is enhanced, and the viewing experience of an observer can be improved. As shown in fig. 3, the dimensions of the grating waveguide device with the curved surface structure in this embodiment are as follows: the length is 5.5cm, the curvature radius is 8-20cm, the exit pupil distance is 3-8cm, and for the planar grating waveguide device with the same length, the curved surface structure has a larger field angle than the planar structure. Moreover, when the curvature is properly designed, the distance from each point on the image plane to the eyes is equal, no matter in the central area or the edge area of the image plane, a wearer can obtain the best viewing effect even from the edge of the screen, the image edge display effect is better, the visual angle is wider, and the scene feeling and the content immersion feeling are enhanced.
Further, according to the grating waveguide with the curved surface structure provided by the embodiment of the invention, as the waveguide element 2 is of the curved surface structure, only one negative lens 7 is attached to the side, close to an observer, of the curved surface waveguide element 2, and the purpose of diopter adjustment can be realized through the mutual matching of the waveguide element 2 and the negative lens 7, and meanwhile, the volume of the whole optical system can be reduced, the weight of the optical system is reduced, the cost is lower, diopter correction is simple and feasible, and the inconvenience brought by eye observation of people with abnormal diopter is solved.
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, in the present embodiment, specifically, the inner surface and/or the outer surface of the waveguide element 2 has a free-form surface structure, such as a spherical surface or a toric surface or a curved surface structure with any other regular geometric shape. The material of the waveguide element 2 can be an inorganic glass material (such as JGS1, JGS2, BK7, etc.), or an organic thermoplastic (such as polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate), or a transparent thermosetting material (such as organic glass based on acrylates, polyurethanes, polyureas, polythiourethanes and allyl diglycol carbonate, etc.). Slab waveguides that rely on total internal reflection between air-glass interfaces may have reflections from the angle of total internal reflection to 90 ° (within this range the reflection is still present and its angle is measured from normal to the surface) due to the limitations of the waveguide material itself. The FOV (field of view-angle) is allowed to exceed the allowable range of the total reflection angle in the transmission of the curved waveguide element 2. To further expand the range of transmitted images, the surface of the waveguide 2 is usually coated with a coating having a certain refractive index, which provides a certain extension to the total reflection of the waveguide 2.
It is understood that the coupling element according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include, in addition to the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating: a second in-coupling grating and a second out-coupling grating, both having the same curvature as the waveguide element. The second incoupling grating and the second outcoupling grating are located on the waveguide element on surfaces on different sides of the waveguide element from the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating. That is, when the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating are on the surface of the waveguide element on the side away from the viewer, the second incoupling grating and the second outcoupling grating are on the surface of the waveguide element on the side close to the viewer. When the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating are on the surface of the waveguide element on the side close to the viewer, the second incoupling grating and the second outcoupling grating are on the surface of the waveguide element on the side far from the viewer.
Hereinafter, the detailed description will be given with reference to specific examples.
Referring to fig. 2 to 5 again, in another embodiment of the present invention, the first in-coupling grating 3 and the first out-coupling grating 4 are located on the surface of the waveguide device 2 away from the display light source 1, and the second in-coupling grating 9 and the second out-coupling grating 10 are located on the surface of the waveguide device 2 close to the display light source 1. The second incoupling grating 9 and the second outcoupling grating 10 are added, so that the incoupling efficiency and the display uniformity can be enhanced, and the display effect can be improved.
At this time, the working principle of the grating waveguide is as follows: light emitted by the display light source 1 enters the waveguide element 2 after passing through the collimating lens 5 and the second incoupling grating 9, and is incident to the first incoupling grating 3, reflected by the first incoupling grating 3, totally reflected in the waveguide element 2 to the first outcoupling grating 4, reflected by the first outcoupling grating 4, passes through the waveguide element 2 and the second outcoupling grating 10, and is finally incident to the field of view of the observer 6 through the negative lens 7.
The coupling element 2 may be a bulk phase grating or a surface relief grating. The waveguide element 2 and the coupling element in the embodiment of the present invention are preferably integrally formed structures, and the integrally formed structures can be realized by the following two ways:
aiming at the volume phase grating, one method is to directly prepare the volume phase grating on a curved waveguide element 2, firstly coating photosensitive materials (such as silver salt materials, dichromated gelatin, photopolymer and the like) on the surface of the curved waveguide element 2, exposing and recording coherent stripes of spherical light waves and planar light waves by a holographic method, and preparing the curved waveguide with the volume phase grating on the surface; in another mode, the bulk phase grating is first prepared on a flexible planar polymer film (such as a polymer film of PET) coated with a photosensitive material, and then the planar polymer film prepared with the bulk phase grating is exposed, copied or attached to the surface of the curved waveguide element 2.
For the surface relief grating, one way is to directly prepare the surface relief grating on the curved waveguide element 2 by adopting a micro-nano processing technology (such as photoetching, nano-imprinting and ion beam etching); in another mode, the surface relief grating is firstly prepared on a flexible planar polymer film (a polymer film such as PET), and the planar polymer film with the prepared surface relief grating is copied or attached to the surface of the curved waveguide element, so that the method is suitable for mass production.
Further, in order to realize RGB full-color display, in the grating waveguide of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the coupling element may include three phase gratings or surface relief gratings stacked together, and each phase grating or surface relief grating corresponds to a wavelength of one color, so as to realize RGB three-color and realize full-color display. Certainly, the coupling element can adopt an angle multiplexing mode to prepare the monolithic phase grating or the surface relief grating, and then the monolithic grating RGB three-color transmission is realized.
It should be noted that the grating waveguide in the embodiment of the present invention may be applied not only to an augmented reality glasses scene, but also to a head-up display scene.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. under the condition that the grating elements have the same length, compared with the traditional structure, the curved surface grating waveguide has a larger view field; as the AR spectacle lens assembly, when the curvature design is appropriate, the distance from each point on the image plane to the eyes is equal, no matter in the central area or the edge area of the image plane, a wearer can obtain the best viewing effect even from the edge of the screen, the image edge display effect is better, the visual angle is wider, and the scene feeling and the content immersion feeling are enhanced.
2. The curved waveguide element is more easily matched with the dioptric lens, the purpose of diopter adjustment can be realized only by attaching a negative lens on the curved waveguide element, meanwhile, the volume of the whole optical system can be reduced, the weight of the optical system can be reduced, the cost is lower, diopter correction is simple and feasible, and inconvenience brought by eye observation due to diopter abnormality is solved.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A grating waveguide for augmented reality, comprising: a display light source, a waveguide element disposed opposite the display light source, and a coupling element on the waveguide element; the waveguide element, the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating are all curved surface structures and have the same curvature;
the light emitted by the display light source is totally reflected in the waveguide element after the action of the waveguide element and the first coupling-out grating, and is incident into the view of an observer after the action of the first coupling-out grating and the waveguide element.
2. The grating waveguide for augmented reality of claim 1, wherein the centers of curvature of the waveguide element, the first in-coupling grating and the first out-coupling grating are all located on the viewer side.
3. A grating waveguide for augmented reality according to claim 2, wherein the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating are located on a surface of the waveguide element on a side away from the observer; or, the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating are located on the surface of the waveguide element on the side close to the observer.
4. The grating waveguide for augmented reality of claim 3, wherein the coupling element further comprises: a second incoupling grating and a second outcoupling grating; the second incoupling grating and the second outcoupling grating are positioned on the surface of the waveguide element on different sides from the first incoupling grating and the first outcoupling grating; the second incoupling grating and the second outcoupling grating both have the same curvature as the waveguide element;
the light emitted by the display light source is totally reflected in the waveguide element after passing through the second coupling-in grating, the waveguide element and the first coupling-in grating, and finally enters the view of an observer after passing through the first coupling-out grating, the waveguide element and the second coupling-out grating.
5. The grating waveguide for augmented reality of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a collimating lens disposed between the display light source and the waveguide element; and light rays emitted by the display light source enter the waveguide element after being collimated by the collimating lens.
6. The grating waveguide for augmented reality of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a negative lens for correcting diopter; the negative lens is arranged on the waveguide element and close to one side of the observer; the light exiting from the waveguide element is finally incident on the field of view of the observer after passing through the negative lens.
7. The grating waveguide for augmented reality of claim 1, wherein the coupling element is a bulk phase grating or a surface relief grating and the coupling element is a unitary structure with the waveguide element.
8. The grating waveguide for augmented reality of claim 7, wherein the volume phase grating is fabricated directly on the surface of the waveguide element; or, preparing the bulk phase grating on a polymer film, and copying or attaching the polymer film to the surface of the waveguide element;
the surface relief grating is directly prepared on the surface of the waveguide element by adopting a micro-nano manufacturing technology; or, the surface relief grating is firstly prepared on a polymer film, and then the polymer film with the surface relief grating is copied or attached to the surface of the waveguide element.
9. The grating waveguide for augmented reality of claim 7 or 8, wherein the coupling element comprises three stacked layers of the volume phase grating or the surface relief grating, each of the volume phase grating or the surface relief grating corresponds to a wavelength of one color, so as to realize an RGB full-color display;
or, the coupling element adopts an angle multiplexing mode to prepare the single-chip bulk phase grating or the surface relief grating, so that the three-color transmission of the single-chip grating RGB is realized.
10. The grating waveguide for augmented reality according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the surface of the waveguide member is provided with a coating for expanding the total reflection of the waveguide member.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911139565.7A CN110806645A (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2019-11-20 | Grating waveguide for augmented reality |
| PCT/CN2020/117509 WO2021098374A1 (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2020-09-24 | Grating waveguide for augmented reality |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911139565.7A CN110806645A (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2019-11-20 | Grating waveguide for augmented reality |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110806645A true CN110806645A (en) | 2020-02-18 |
Family
ID=69490636
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911139565.7A Pending CN110806645A (en) | 2019-11-20 | 2019-11-20 | Grating waveguide for augmented reality |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110806645A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021098374A1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111308717A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-19 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display module, display method and display device |
| CN111458880A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-28 | 三生万物(北京)人工智能技术有限公司 | Waveguide light field display device and head-mounted augmented reality glasses |
| CN111830715A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-27 | 谷东科技有限公司 | Waveguide display device with two-dimensional extended pupil and augmented reality display equipment |
| CN111965826A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-20 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Control method and device of intelligent glasses, storage medium and intelligent glasses |
| CN112711142A (en) * | 2020-05-05 | 2021-04-27 | 谷东科技有限公司 | Volume holographic optical waveguide display device and augmented reality display apparatus |
| WO2021098374A1 (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-27 | 深圳惠牛科技有限公司 | Grating waveguide for augmented reality |
| WO2021255332A1 (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-12-23 | Dispelix Oy | Manufacturing method of optical element, optical element and apparatus for manufacturing optical element |
| CN114167606A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-03-11 | 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 | Optical waveguide assembly and display device including the same |
| CN114252997A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-03-29 | 上海大学 | Color near-to-eye display device and method based on cylindrical waveguide |
| CN114527533A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-05-24 | 珠海莫界科技有限公司 | Light optical waveguide for changing virtual image distance and head-mounted display |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI20216158A1 (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-05-12 | Dispelix Oy | Waveguide, display device, method, and apparatus |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101076747B (en) * | 2004-12-13 | 2012-07-04 | 诺基亚公司 | System and method for beam expansion with near focus in display device |
| DE102008049407A1 (en) * | 2008-09-29 | 2010-04-01 | Carl Zeiss Ag | Display device and display method |
| EP2246728A1 (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-11-03 | BAE Systems PLC | Head mounted display |
| DE102012213685B4 (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2020-12-24 | tooz technologies GmbH | Display device |
| DE102013219624B3 (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-01-22 | Carl Zeiss Ag | Spectacle lens for a display device which can be placed on the head of a user and generates an image, and a display device with such a spectacle lens |
| CN104116495B (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2016-02-10 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of Technology of Retina Optical Coherence Tomography detection-display system |
| CN108828780A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-16 | 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 | A kind of nearly eye display Optical devices based on holographic grating |
| CN111175971A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-05-19 | 北京理工大学 | Near-to-eye optical display system and augmented reality glasses |
| CN110806645A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-18 | 深圳惠牛科技有限公司 | Grating waveguide for augmented reality |
| CN111458880B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2022-04-22 | 三生万物(北京)人工智能技术有限公司 | Waveguide light field display device and head-mounted augmented reality glasses |
-
2019
- 2019-11-20 CN CN201911139565.7A patent/CN110806645A/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-09-24 WO PCT/CN2020/117509 patent/WO2021098374A1/en active Application Filing
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021098374A1 (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-05-27 | 深圳惠牛科技有限公司 | Grating waveguide for augmented reality |
| CN111308717A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-19 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display module, display method and display device |
| CN111308717B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-03-25 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display module, display method and display device |
| CN112711142A (en) * | 2020-05-05 | 2021-04-27 | 谷东科技有限公司 | Volume holographic optical waveguide display device and augmented reality display apparatus |
| CN111458880B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2022-04-22 | 三生万物(北京)人工智能技术有限公司 | Waveguide light field display device and head-mounted augmented reality glasses |
| CN111458880A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-28 | 三生万物(北京)人工智能技术有限公司 | Waveguide light field display device and head-mounted augmented reality glasses |
| WO2021255332A1 (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-12-23 | Dispelix Oy | Manufacturing method of optical element, optical element and apparatus for manufacturing optical element |
| EP4168834A4 (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2024-07-24 | Dispelix Oy | Manufacturing method of optical element, optical element and apparatus for manufacturing optical element |
| CN111830715A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-27 | 谷东科技有限公司 | Waveguide display device with two-dimensional extended pupil and augmented reality display equipment |
| CN111965826A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-11-20 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Control method and device of intelligent glasses, storage medium and intelligent glasses |
| CN111965826B (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2022-11-15 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Control method and device of intelligent glasses, storage medium and intelligent glasses |
| CN114167606B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2023-11-10 | 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 | Optical waveguide assembly and display apparatus including the same |
| CN114167606A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-03-11 | 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 | Optical waveguide assembly and display device including the same |
| CN114252997A (en) * | 2021-11-03 | 2022-03-29 | 上海大学 | Color near-to-eye display device and method based on cylindrical waveguide |
| CN114527533A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-05-24 | 珠海莫界科技有限公司 | Light optical waveguide for changing virtual image distance and head-mounted display |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021098374A1 (en) | 2021-05-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110806645A (en) | Grating waveguide for augmented reality | |
| US11543661B2 (en) | Compact head-mounted display system protected by a hyperfine structure | |
| Kress et al. | 11‐1: invited paper: towards the ultimate mixed reality experience: HoloLens display architecture choices | |
| JP6774429B2 (en) | Addition of prescription modifications to eyepieces for see-through headwearable displays | |
| KR100839574B1 (en) | Substrate-guided optical beam expander | |
| US9442291B1 (en) | Segmented diffractive optical elements for a head wearable display | |
| KR20190008311A (en) | Head-mounted imaging device | |
| US20100033830A1 (en) | Wearable image display device | |
| CN104204871A (en) | Sandwiched diffractive optical combiner | |
| CN112817152B (en) | Holographic waveguide and AR display device | |
| US11054651B2 (en) | Spectacle lens for an imaging optical unit and data goggles | |
| CN104597565A (en) | Reality-augmented tooth form inlay planar waveguide optical device | |
| CN108732767A (en) | A kind of nearly eye of compact free form surface waveguide shows Optical devices | |
| US20230375787A1 (en) | Bragg gratings for an augmented reality display system | |
| CN210639353U (en) | Grating waveguide for augmented reality | |
| CN115494575A (en) | Waveguide structure and display device | |
| CN208569195U (en) | A kind of nearly eye of compact free form surface waveguide shows Optical devices | |
| JP7441443B2 (en) | Optical systems and mixed reality devices | |
| CN210166569U (en) | Augmented reality optical system based on free-form surface and optical waveguide | |
| CN117441123A (en) | Near-eye display system with multiple in-coupling for waveguide display | |
| CN219162490U (en) | Near-to-eye optical display system and AR display device | |
| CN107561633A (en) | A kind of tooth form planar waveguide optical device of high coupling efficiency | |
| US20230213765A1 (en) | Curved light guide image combiner and system including the same | |
| CN218917805U (en) | Near-eye display system and near-eye display device | |
| US20240184117A1 (en) | Optical Systems For Directing Display Module Light into Waveguides |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |