CN110804419B - High-light-transmittance rain-resistant anti-freezing type non-chlorine anti-freezing agent for photovoltaic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-light-transmittance rain-resistant anti-freezing type non-chlorine anti-freezing agent for photovoltaic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- OUPZKGBUJRBPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound O=C1N(CC2OC2)C(=O)N(CC2OC2)C(=O)N1CC1CO1 OUPZKGBUJRBPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- YSUQLAYJZDEMOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(butoxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound CCCCOCC1CO1 YSUQLAYJZDEMOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1C UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- SHKUUQIDMUMQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)butoxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCCCCOCC1CO1 SHKUUQIDMUMQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229940035437 1,3-propanediol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229940043237 diethanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 11
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000005413 snowmelt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 small molecule compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium formate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C=O WFIZEGIEIOHZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
- C09K3/185—Thawing materials
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of chemical products, and particularly relates to a high-light-transmittance, rain-resistant and anti-freezing type non-chlorine anti-freezing agent for photovoltaic and a preparation method thereof. The antifreezing agent comprises a material A and a material B; the material A is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-12 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, 25-50 parts of a partial ring-opening product of tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate, 15-35 parts of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 6-15 parts of 1, 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether and 3-8 parts of butyl glycidyl ether; the material B is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-20 parts of ethanolamine, 4-10 parts of diethanolamine, 8-18 parts of ethanol and 10-25 parts of 1, 3-propanediol. According to the characteristics and the synergistic effect of the raw materials, the antifreezing agent is prepared by adopting specific raw materials and a process, so that the obtained antifreezing agent has a remarkable effect, and particularly has a good rain wash resistance effect; one-time spraying is carried out, and the anti-freezing effect is durable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of chemical products, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic high-light-transmittance, rain-resistant and anti-freezing type non-chlorine anti-freezing agent and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The photovoltaic surface is easy to freeze after dew or rain or snow falls on the surface in winter, the working efficiency of the photovoltaic is influenced, and the physical sweeping or the deicing and snow melting agent spraying is mainly used for deicing and antifreezing at present.
Patent document CN201710117237.1 discloses a photovoltaic deicing and snow melting liquid and a preparation method thereof, and the photovoltaic deicing and snow melting liquid disclosed in the document is composed of the following raw materials: 15-25 parts of ethylene glycol, 10-15 parts of glycerol, 10-15 parts of methanol, 3-5 parts of urea, 1-2 parts of potassium citrate, 3-5 parts of sodium gluconate, 1-3 parts of diethanolamine and 15-25 parts of water; the contents of the components are in parts by weight.
Because the region at photovoltaic place is mostly remote, it is inconvenient to spray snow melt agent construction, and present snow melt agent product is mostly all small molecule compound, and the film forming ability is poor, meets water and dissolves almost in the twinkling of an eye, sprays once snow melt agent after, is washed out totally by the rainwater through a light rain, needs to spray once more.
CN201110394024.6 discloses an organic-inorganic composite environment-friendly snow-melting agent and a preparation method thereof, and the snow-melting agent disclosed in the document comprises 30-90 parts of formate, 25-75 parts of nitrate, 0.5-10 parts of sulfate, 0.5-15 parts of acetate, 1-20 parts of urea and 5-25 parts of calcium carbonate. Although the snow melting agent has high snow melting speed and good effect, because the snow melting agent contains solid salts such as potassium formate and the like, the solid salts are dissolved in water and sprayed on the photovoltaic surface, and if the snow melting agent is in a sunny day, the salt is separated out due to water volatilization of the snow melting agent, the light transmittance of the photovoltaic surface is seriously influenced, and the power generation efficiency is reduced.
In view of the above-mentioned technical problems, there is a need for improvement in the invention of a non-chlorine antifreezing agent which is effective for long-term maintenance in cold weather and has high light transmittance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a non-chlorine antifreezing agent which is suitable for cold environment, can be durably and effectively maintained and has high light transmittance;
moreover, the invention also provides a preparation method of the antifreezing agent;
the photovoltaic non-chlorine antifreezing agent with high light transmittance and rain resistance comprises a material A and a material B;
the material A is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-12 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, 25-50 parts of a tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate partial ring-opening product, 15-35 parts of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 6-15 parts of 1, 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether and 3-8 parts of butyl glycidyl ether;
the material B is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-20 parts of ethanolamine, 4-10 parts of diethanolamine, 8-18 parts of ethanol and 10-25 parts of 1, 3-propanediol.
The CAS number of the tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate is 2451-62-9, and the epoxy equivalent is 100-105 g/mol; is sold on the market; the structural formula is as follows:
the preparation method of the partial ring-opening product of the tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate comprises the following steps:
adding the tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate, distilled water and potassium hydroxide into a reactor, uniformly mixing, heating, carrying out heat preservation and ring-opening reaction, and reducing pressure to remove water to obtain a partial ring-opening product of the tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate.
The epoxy equivalent of the partial ring-opening product of the tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate is 280-320 g/mol.
The preparation method of the partial ring-opening product of the tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate comprises the following steps:
firstly, adding 4-6 parts of tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate, 8-12 parts of distilled water and 0.05-0.2 part of potassium hydroxide into a reactor, uniformly mixing, heating to 85-100 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and ring-opening reaction for 1-4 hours, stopping the reaction when the epoxy equivalent of the ring-opening product reaches 280-320g/mol, and carrying out pressure reduction and water removal to obtain a partial ring-opening product of tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate; the above "parts" are parts by weight.
The preparation method of the photovoltaic high-light-transmittance, rain-resistant and antifreezing non-chlorine antifreezing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a material A: adding N, N-dimethylformamide, a partial ring-opening product of tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 1, 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether and butyl glycidyl ether into a first reaction kettle, stirring under a heating condition until the mixture is dissolved, cooling to room temperature, discharging to a barrel A, and sealing and packaging to obtain a material A;
(2) preparing a material B: and adding ethanol and 1, 3-propanediol into the second reaction kettle, stirring uniformly, sequentially adding ethanolamine and diethanolamine, stirring until the mixture is dissolved, cooling to room temperature, discharging to a barrel B, sealing and packaging to obtain a material B.
Preferably, the preparation method of the photovoltaic non-chlorine antifreezing agent with high light transmittance and rain resistance comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a material A: adding N, N-dimethylformamide, a partial ring-opening product of tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 1, 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether and butyl glycidyl ether into a first reaction kettle, and fully stirring for 1-3 hours at 40-50 ℃ until the materials are completely dissolved;
after the materials in the step (1) are completely dissolved into transparent solution, cooling to room temperature, discharging the transparent solution into a barrel A, and hermetically packaging to obtain a material A;
(2) preparing a material B: adding ethanol and 1, 3-propanediol into a second reaction kettle, stirring uniformly, then sequentially adding ethanolamine and diethanolamine, and fully stirring for 0.5-2 h at 30-40 ℃ until the mixture is completely dissolved;
after the materials in the step (2) are completely dissolved into transparent solution, cooling to room temperature, discharging the transparent solution into a barrel B, and hermetically packaging to obtain a material B;
(3) when in use, the material A and the product in the barrel B are uniformly mixed to obtain the high-light-transmittance, rain-resistant and durable anti-freezing non-chlorine deicing anti-freezing agent.
The high-light-transmittance, rainwater-resistant and durable anti-freezing type non-chlorine deicing anti-freezing agent for the photovoltaic provided by the invention adopts a partial ring-opening product of the tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate as a raw material, and the reason is that the partial ring-opening product of the tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate contains a plurality of hydroxyl groups and partial epoxy groups, and the hydroxyl groups ensure that the partial ring-opening product of the tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate has good water solubility, and the epoxy groups can participate in curing to form a film so as to enhance the rainwater scouring resistance;
ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether and 1, 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether are taken as epoxy micromolecular substances and can be crosslinked and cured with a curing agent ethanolamine at normal temperature, a crosslinked compound contains more hydroxyl groups to ensure that a film layer still has certain hydrophilicity, finally, a film layer which can be slowly dissolved in water is formed on the surface of photovoltaic glass, and butyl glycidyl ether is taken as a monoepoxide compound and mainly plays a role in blocking, so that the phenomenon that the formed film layer is difficult to dissolve in water and loses the antifreezing effect due to too large molecular weight of crosslinking and curing is avoided;
the amino group of the diethanol amine only has one active hydrogen and can only react with one epoxy, so that the diethanol amine has an end capping effect on one hand, and also has an antirust and end capping effect on the other hand because the diethanol amine has excellent antirust capability;
ethanol, N, N-dimethylformyl and propylene glycol mainly play a role in solvent and antifreezing, N, N-dimethylformyl and propylene glycol can dissolve a partial ring-opening product of tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 1, 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether and butyl glycidyl ether into a homogeneous phase, and the use is convenient; the ethanol is used for dissolving the curing agents of ethanolamine and diethanolamine to form a solution with lower viscosity, and the use of the ethanol, N, N-dimethylformamide and propylene glycol can greatly reduce the freezing point of the antifreeze and increase the antifreeze effect.
The invention has the advantages that the specific raw materials are adopted to prepare the antifreezing agent according to the characteristics of the raw materials and the synergistic effect among the raw materials, and the process of the invention is combined, so that the obtained antifreezing agent has outstanding effect, and particularly has good rain wash resistance effect; one-time spraying is carried out, and the anti-freezing effect is durable.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can more easily understand the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The method for preparing the high-light-transmittance, rain-resistant and durable anti-freezing type non-chlorine deicing anti-freezing agent for the photovoltaic comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a material A: adding N, N-dimethylformamide, a partial ring-opening product of tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 1, 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether and butyl glycidyl ether into a first reaction kettle, and fully stirring for about 2 hours at 45 ℃ until the materials are completely dissolved;
after the materials in the step (1) are completely dissolved into transparent solution, cooling to room temperature, discharging the transparent solution into a barrel A, and hermetically packaging to obtain a material A;
(2) preparing a material B: adding ethanol and 1, 3-propanediol into a second reaction kettle, stirring uniformly, then sequentially adding ethanolamine and diethanolamine, and fully stirring for about 1h at 35 ℃ until the mixture is completely dissolved;
after the materials in the step (2) are completely dissolved into transparent solution, cooling to room temperature, discharging the materials into a barrel B, and hermetically packaging to obtain a material B;
(3) when in use, the material A and the product in the barrel B are uniformly mixed to obtain the high-light-transmittance, rain-resistant and durable anti-freezing non-chlorine deicing anti-freezing agent.
The preparation methods and parameters in examples 2 to 5 are the same as those in example 1, except that the parts of the raw materials in examples 2 to 5 are slightly different from those in example 1, and specifically the following steps are included:
table 1 raw material dosage proportioning table in each example
Comparative example 1: the same as example 1 except that the product of partial ring opening of tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate was not used;
comparative example 2: the same as example 1 except that ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether was not used;
comparative example 3: the same as example 1 except that butyl glycidyl ether was not used;
comparative example 4: the same as example 1 except that ethanolamine was not used;
comparative example 5: the procedure is as in example 1 except that diethanolamine is not used;
comparative example 6: the product of example 1 in CN201710117237.1 was used as comparative example 6.
The freezing point, the carbon steel corrosion rate and the relative snow and ice melting capacity are measured according to the Beijing standard DB 11/T161 and 2012 snow melting agent;
the light transmittance test method comprises the following steps: 10g of antifreeze are uniformly sprayed on 10cm 2 Drying and curing for 24h at normal temperature on a clean and transparent standard glass plate to obtain a transparent coating film, testing the light transmittance of the dried standard glass plate, and comparing the light transmittance with that of the dried standard glass plateThe light transmittance of the glass plate is equal to that of a pure standard glass plate, and the light transmittance of the coating of the antifreeze is equal to the light transmittance of a test plate/the light transmittance of the standard glass plate multiplied by 100%.
Remarking: the light transmittance of a standard glass plate for the test, on which no sample is sprayed, is: 93.5 percent.
The method for testing the rain erosion resistance comprises the following steps: taking the area of 5cm 2 Drying a plurality of glass slides, weighing, marking respectively, then uniformly spraying 5g of antifreeze on the surfaces of the glass slides, drying at normal temperature for 24 hours, spraying deionized water to the surfaces of the glass slides at a constant spraying speed (2g/s) until the antifreeze film layers on the surfaces of the glass slides are basically completely disappeared, and recording the spraying time (min) of the deionized water, wherein the longer the spraying time, the better the rainwater washing resistance is.
As can be seen from the data in the table, the non-chlorine antifreezing agent prepared by adopting the raw materials and the method according to the mixture ratio of the embodiments 1 to 5 has excellent film-forming light transmittance and strong rain erosion resistance, and the rain erosion resistance test reaches more than 120 min; and is less corrosive; the freezing point and the snow and ice melting capability are also excellent, and the composite antifreeze agent is a photovoltaic antifreeze product with excellent comprehensive performance.
The ring-opening product of the part of the tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate in the comparative example 1 and the ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether in the comparative example 2 mainly have the function of forming a water-soluble film layer with ethanolamine, and the components with corresponding functions are lacked, so that the snow-melting and ice-melting capability of the product is reduced, the film forming effect is greatly influenced, the film forming quality is poor, and the rain wash resistance is obviously reduced;
the butyl glycidyl ether in the comparative example 3 mainly plays a role in blocking, and the lack of butyl glycidyl ether can cause excessive crosslinking of the film layer, the light transmittance of the film layer is reduced, and the hydrophilicity of the film layer is too poor, so that the snow and ice melting capability is obviously reduced;
in the comparative example 4, the ethanolamine mainly has the functions of corrosion prevention and film forming by curing, and the shortage can cause the failure of effective film forming, the poor rain washing resistance and the enhanced corrosivity of the product;
in the comparative example 5, diethanol amine mainly has the functions of corrosion resistance and curing end capping, can adjust the hydrophilic capability of the film layer, and the lack of the raw material can cause higher curing film-forming property, poor light transmittance and hydrophilicity of the film layer and reduced snow and ice melting capability;
the antifreeze of the comparative examples 1 to 5 reduces part of raw materials, so that the performance of the finally obtained product is far inferior to that of the antifreeze of the examples 1 to 5.
Comparative example 6 is a conventional mixed antifreeze mainly containing non-chlorine polyol which is not formed into a film, has an excellent freezing point and snow and ice melting capability, but cannot achieve a lasting anti-freezing effect because the film cannot be formed and the rain wash resistance is too poor, and the film can be taken away by rain wash in a short time.
It can be seen that the combination of the raw materials of the antifreeze of the invention is not random, and the raw materials have synergistic effect, if one or two of the raw materials are reduced, the performance of the antifreeze is also deteriorated in all aspects of the product.
Claims (2)
1. The high-transmittance, rain-resistant and anti-freezing type non-chlorine antifreezing agent for the photovoltaic is characterized by comprising a material A and a material B;
the material A is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-12 parts of N, N-dimethylformamide, 25-50 parts of a tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate partial ring-opening product, 15-35 parts of ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 6-15 parts of 1, 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether and 3-8 parts of butyl glycidyl ether;
the material B is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-20 parts of ethanolamine, 4-10 parts of diethanolamine, 8-18 parts of ethanol and 10-25 parts of 1, 3-propanediol;
the preparation method of the photovoltaic high-light-transmittance, rain-resistant and antifreezing non-chlorine antifreezing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a material A: adding N, N-dimethylformamide, a partial ring-opening product of tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 1, 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether and butyl glycidyl ether into a first reaction kettle, and fully stirring for 1-3 hours at 40-50 ℃ until the materials are completely dissolved;
after the materials in the step (1) are completely dissolved into transparent solution, cooling to room temperature, discharging the transparent solution into a barrel A, and hermetically packaging to obtain a material A;
(2) preparing a material B: adding ethanol and 1, 3-propanediol into a second reaction kettle, stirring uniformly, then sequentially adding ethanolamine and diethanolamine, and fully stirring for 0.5-2 h at 30-40 ℃ until the mixture is completely dissolved;
after the materials in the step (2) are completely dissolved into transparent solution, cooling to room temperature, discharging the transparent solution into a barrel B, and hermetically packaging to obtain a material B;
(3) when in use, the material A and the product in the barrel B are uniformly mixed to obtain the high-light-transmittance rain-resistant durable anti-freezing non-chlorine deicing anti-freezing agent;
the preparation method of the tri (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate partial ring-opening product comprises the following steps:
adding 4-6 parts of tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate, 8-12 parts of distilled water and 0.05-0.2 part of potassium hydroxide into a reactor, uniformly mixing, heating to 85-100 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and ring-opening reaction for 1-4 h, stopping the reaction when monitoring that the epoxy equivalent of the ring-opening product reaches 320g/mol, reducing pressure and removing water to obtain a partial ring-opening product of tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate; the above "parts" are parts by weight.
2. The high-transmittance, rain-resistant, anti-freezing non-chlorine antifreeze for photovoltaic use according to claim 1, wherein tris (epoxypropyl) isocyanurate has a CAS number of 2451-62-9 and an epoxy equivalent of 100 to 105 g/mol.
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