CN110793060A

CN110793060A - Controllable plasma igniter in atmospheric pressure environment

Info

Publication number: CN110793060A
Application number: CN201910993690.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王春生; 尚东星; 张歆悦
Original assignee: Yanshan University
Current assignee: Yueyang Hongsheng Electronic Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-10-18
Filing date: 2019-10-18
Publication date: 2020-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 2039-10-18
Also published as: CN110793060B

Abstract

The invention relates to a controllable plasma igniter under an atmospheric pressure environment, which belongs to the technical field of plasma technology and comprises a cathode and an anode, wherein the top end of the cathode and the anode are both arranged in a hollow medium tube and are oppositely arranged, the tail end of the anode is connected with the anode of an external power supply, the tail end of the cathode is grounded, the anode is a tapered and gradually-expanded spray tube made of a conductive material, and the cathode is made of a thin-walled tube; the top end of the anode and the top end of the cathode form a discharge pair; and the position of the hollow dielectric tube corresponding to the cathode is sleeved and fixed with an induction coil, and the outlet of a plasma generation system formed by the anode and the cathode is provided with a blunt body current stabilizer. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use and strong adjusting capability.

Description

Controllable plasma igniter in atmospheric pressure environment

Technical Field

The invention relates to a controllable plasma igniter in an atmospheric pressure environment, and belongs to the technical field of plasma technology.

Background

The plasma is a fourth form existing in natural substances, ignition and combustion supporting are realized through a thermodynamic path, a chemical kinetics path, a way that electrons directly impact fuel molecules to decompose the fuel molecules and change the flow velocity, turbulence intensity and the like of fluid, the performance of the combustion chamber is improved, compared with electric spark ignition, the plasma ignition jet flow has strong penetrating power and can better ignite the center of a flow field, and the ignition delay time is shorter due to the promotion of active particles on the chemical reaction kinetics. Experiments such as YIguang Ju of Princeton university in 2016 prove that non-equilibrium plasma is an effective method for accelerating low-temperature ignition and enhancing fuel combustion, and stable cold flame plasma can be established under atmospheric pressure to provide a new solution for ignition, combustion control and pollutant emission control of a combustion chamber.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a controllable plasma igniter under an atmospheric pressure environment, which has the effects of simple structure, convenience in use and strong adjusting capability.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

a controllable plasma igniter under an atmospheric pressure environment comprises a cathode and an anode, wherein the top end of the cathode and the anode are both arranged in a hollow dielectric tube, the top ends of the cathode and the anode are arranged oppositely, the tail end of the anode is connected with the positive electrode of an external power supply, the tail end of the cathode is grounded, the anode is a tapered and gradually-expanded spray tube made of a conductive material, and the cathode is made of a thin-walled tube; the top end of the anode and the top end of the cathode form a discharge pair; and the position of the hollow dielectric tube corresponding to the cathode is sleeved and fixed with an induction coil, and the outlet of a plasma generation system formed by the anode and the cathode is provided with a blunt body current stabilizer.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the hollow medium pipe is provided with a primary air inlet corresponding to the tail end of the cathode; the hollow medium pipe is provided with an annular secondary air nozzle corresponding to the tail end of the anode, one side of the secondary air nozzle is provided with a secondary air inlet communicated with a secondary air pipeline in the secondary air nozzle, and an outlet of the secondary air pipeline is arranged at the tail end of the anode; the secondary air nozzle is tightly connected with a divergent mixed flow cover, and the end part of the mixed flow cover far away from the secondary air nozzle is fixedly connected with a rotational flow stabilizer.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the cyclone stabilizer is of an annular structure, and a plurality of inclined holes are formed between the inner ring and the outer ring.

The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the conductive material of the anode is a metal tungsten wire, and the diameter of the metal tungsten wire is 3-10 mm; the cathode is made of copper wires or tungsten wires.

Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:

1. the plasma flame torch device has the advantages that under the condition of atmospheric pressure, primary air drives airflow to move, so that the adjustment of the air pressure in a discharge range is realized, the disturbance of plasma flame is enhanced through the blunt body current stabilizer, tertiary air can be provided through the rotational flow stabilizer, combustion-supporting rectification is realized, the plasma flame torch after disturbance and vortex becomes a bundle, the impact force of the flame torch is enhanced, and the ignition effect is enhanced;

2. the plasma torch airflow formed is separated from the boundary of the plasma torch airflow through the bluff body current stabilizer, so that a vortex is formed in a wake flow, the mixing of the plasma torch and air can be effectively enhanced, and the optimal combustion effect is achieved;

3. the invention adopts the divergent mixed flow cover, which can obviously improve the gas flow rate, make the plasma torch have more impact force and enhance the ignition effect;

4. according to the invention, the secondary air is introduced at the secondary air inlet to disturb the plasma flame moment and enhance the mixing of the plasma flame moment and air, and the secondary air of the air can provide a part of oxygen to help combustion. Thereby reducing heat loss without increasing the excess air factor; meanwhile, the primary air and the secondary air can be reasonably proportioned by controlling the secondary air quantity, so that the plasma flame moment achieves the optimal combustion effect;

5. the cyclone stabilizer can provide tertiary air, provide a part of oxygen and help combustion. Meanwhile, the plasma torch has a rectifying effect, so that the plasma torch after disturbance and vortex becomes a beam, the torch impact force is enhanced, and the ignition effect is enhanced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the swirl stabilizer of the invention.

The device comprises a primary air inlet 1, a primary air inlet 2, an induction coil 3, a cathode 4, a secondary air nozzle 5, a blunt body current stabilizer 6, a rotational flow stabilizer 7, a mixed flow cover 8, an anode 9 and a secondary air inlet.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments:

the invention discloses a controllable plasma igniter under an atmospheric pressure environment, which is shown by combining a figure 1 and a figure 2 and comprises a cathode 3 and an anode 8, wherein the top end of the cathode 3 and the top end of the anode 8 are oppositely arranged in a hollow medium tube, the tail end of the anode 8 is connected with the positive pole of an external power supply, and the tail end of the cathode 3 is grounded; the anode 8 is a tapered and gradually-expanded spray pipe made of a conductive material, the conductive material selected for the anode 8 is a metal tungsten wire, and the diameter of the metal tungsten wire is 3-10 mm; the cathode 3 is made of a thin-walled tube made of copper wires or tungsten wires; the induction coil 2 is sleeved and fixed at the position, corresponding to the cathode 3, outside the hollow medium tube, the blunt body current stabilizer 5 is arranged at the outlet of a plasma generation system formed by the anode 8 and the cathode 3, the blunt body current stabilizer 5 enables plasma torch airflow to be separated from the boundary of the plasma torch airflow, so that a vortex is formed in wake flow, the mixing of the plasma torch and air can be effectively enhanced, and the optimal combustion effect is achieved.

The hollow medium pipe is provided with a primary air inlet 1 corresponding to the tail end of the cathode 3, the primary air inlet 1 is a hollow pipe and communicated with the hollow medium pipe, and the primary air inlet 1 is arranged on the side wall of the hollow medium pipe along the radial direction in the figure 1. The hollow medium pipe is provided with an annular secondary air nozzle 4 corresponding to the tail end of the anode 8, the left end of one side of the secondary air nozzle 4 is provided with a secondary air inlet 9 communicated with a secondary air pipeline in the secondary air nozzle 4, and an outlet of the secondary air pipeline is arranged at the tail end of the anode 8; the secondary air nozzle 4 is tightly connected with a divergent mixed flow cover 7, the end part of the mixed flow cover 7 far away from the secondary air nozzle 4 is fixedly connected with a rotational flow stabilizer 6, the rotational flow stabilizer 6 is of an annular structure, a plurality of inclined holes are formed between the inner ring and the outer ring, the inclined holes are arranged in the middle of the rotational flow stabilizer 6, and the included angles between the two ends of each inclined hole and the connecting line of the circle centers are the same.

The specific implementation manner of this embodiment: when a high-frequency electric field is applied to the induction coil 2, electric sparks generated by the cathode 3 and the anode 8 cause partial ionization of plasma working gas entering from the primary air inlet 1, generated charged particles move at high speed under the action of a high-frequency alternating electromagnetic field to collide gas atoms, so that the gas atoms are quickly and massively ionized to form avalanche discharge, the ionized gas forms closed annular eddy current on the section perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field, a secondary coil equivalent to a transformer is formed in the induction coil 2 and is coupled with an induction coil equivalent to a primary coil, and the gas is heated and ionized by high temperature generated by the high-frequency induction current, and a torch-shaped stable plasma flame moment is formed at a pipe opening. The bluff body current stabilizer 5 arranged at the outlet of the plasma generation system separates plasma torch airflow from the boundary thereof, so that a vortex is formed in a wake flow, the mixing of the plasma torch and air can be effectively enhanced, and the optimal combustion effect is achieved.

The secondary air is introduced at the secondary air inlet 9 to disturb the plasma flame moment and enhance the mixing of the plasma flame moment and the air, and the secondary air of the air can provide a part of oxygen to assist the combustion. Thereby reducing heat loss without increasing the excess air factor. Meanwhile, the primary air and the secondary air can be reasonably proportioned by controlling the secondary air quantity, so that the plasma flame moment achieves the optimal combustion effect; the gas flow velocity can be obviously improved through the divergent mixed flow cover 7 tightly connected with the secondary air nozzle 4, so that the plasma flame moment has more impact force, and the ignition effect is enhanced; the swirl stabilizer 6 fixedly connected with the end part of the mixed flow cover 7 far away from the secondary air nozzle 4 can provide tertiary air and part of oxygen to assist combustion. Meanwhile, the plasma torch has a rectifying effect, so that the plasma torch after disturbance and vortex becomes a beam, the torch impact force is enhanced, and the ignition effect is enhanced.

The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle and the like of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a controllable plasma point firearm under atmospheric pressure environment which characterized in that: the cathode comprises a cathode (3) and an anode (8), wherein the top end of the cathode (3) and the anode (8) are both arranged in a hollow medium tube, the top ends of the cathode and the anode are opposite, the tail end of the anode (8) is connected with the positive electrode of an external power supply, the tail end of the cathode (3) is grounded, the anode (8) is a tapered and gradually-expanded spray tube made of a conductive material, and the cathode (3) is made of a thin-walled tube; the top end of the anode and the top end of the cathode form a discharge pair; and the position of the hollow dielectric tube corresponding to the cathode (3) is sleeved with and fixed with an induction coil (2), and a blunt body current stabilizer (5) is arranged at the outlet of a plasma generation system formed by the anode (8) and the cathode (3).

2. The atmospheric pressure controllable plasma igniter of claim 1, wherein: the hollow medium pipe is provided with a primary air inlet (1) corresponding to the tail end of the cathode (3); the hollow medium pipe is provided with an annular secondary air nozzle (4) corresponding to the tail end of the anode (8), one side of the secondary air nozzle (4) is provided with a secondary air inlet (9) communicated with a secondary air pipeline in the secondary air nozzle (4), and an outlet of the secondary air pipeline is arranged at the tail end of the anode (8); the secondary air nozzle (4) is tightly connected with a divergent mixed flow cover (7), and the end part of the mixed flow cover (7) far away from the secondary air nozzle (4) is fixedly connected with a rotational flow stabilizer (6).

3. The atmospheric pressure controllable plasma igniter of claim 2, wherein: the cyclone stabilizer (6) is of an annular structure, and a plurality of inclined holes are formed between the inner ring and the outer ring.

4. The atmospheric pressure controllable plasma igniter of claim 1, wherein: the conductive material of the anode (8) is a metal tungsten wire, and the diameter of the metal tungsten wire is 3-10 mm; the cathode (3) is made of copper wires or tungsten wires.