CN110791879A

CN110791879A - Antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric based on polylactic acid fibers

Info

Publication number: CN110791879A
Application number: CN201911062239.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汪秀春; 陈东
Original assignee: Anqing City Jiaxing Medical Supplies Polytron Technologies Inc
Current assignee: Anqing City Jiaxing Medical Supplies Polytron Technologies Inc
Priority date: 2019-11-02
Filing date: 2019-11-02
Publication date: 2020-02-14

Abstract

The invention discloses an antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric based on polylactic acid fibers, which is prepared by mixing the polylactic acid fibers and absorbent cotton, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials, feeding the raw materials into a disc plucker, a multi-bin cotton mixer, a fine start machine, a carding machine, a cross lapping machine, a fiber drafting machine, spunlace treatment, a lap former, drying treatment, a splitting machine and packaging and warehousing. The invention solves the problem that the existing all-cotton spunlace non-woven fabric has no natural antibacterial and anti-mite effect, and utilizes the natural antibacterial and anti-mite characteristics of the polylactic acid fiber after the polylactic acid fiber is blended and spun in the all-cotton in a certain proportion, so that the blended non-woven fabric also has the natural antibacterial and anti-mite functions.

Description

Antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric based on polylactic acid fibers

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of non-woven fabrics, and particularly relates to an antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric based on polylactic acid fibers.

Background

With the development of science and technology and the progress of non-woven fabric industry, the variety of non-woven fabrics is continuously increased, and the application range of the non-woven fabrics is expanded from the daily life of people to a plurality of fields such as industry, agriculture, transportation, military affairs, sanitation and the like.

The all-cotton spunlace non-woven fabric is a fabric which is formed by carding, lapping and reinforcing natural cotton fibers by water with certain pressure and does not need to be interwoven by warps and wefts; the all-cotton spunlace non-woven fabric has the characteristics of nature, softness, no stimulation, environmental protection, easy degradation, reproducibility, easy water absorption and skin friendliness of natural cotton fibers.

Polylactic acid (PLA) fiber is a high molecular material fiber prepared by transforming natural plants. The natural cotton fiber has the characteristics of natural softness, environmental protection, easy degradation, reproducibility, skin friendliness and the like of natural cotton fiber; but also has special antibacterial and anti-mite effects which are not possessed by cotton fibers.

Therefore, how to effectively combine cotton fibers and polylactic acid fibers becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art, provides an antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric based on polylactic acid fibers, solves the problem that the existing all-cotton spunlace non-woven fabric does not have natural antibacterial and anti-mite effects, and utilizes the natural antibacterial and anti-mite characteristics of the polylactic acid fibers after the polylactic acid fibers are blended and spun in the all-cotton in a certain proportion, so that the blended non-woven fabric also has the natural antibacterial and anti-mite functions.

In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric based on the polylactic acid fiber is prepared by mixing the polylactic acid fiber and absorbent cotton, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing raw materials for polylactic acid fiber and absorbent cotton, removing fiber raw materials with pollution and impurities exceeding the standard, then washing with water to remove impurities, and drying under reduced pressure;

step two: adding the prepared polylactic acid fiber and the absorbent cotton into a disc plucker, wherein the disc plucker is used for opening the polylactic acid fiber and the absorbent cotton and conveying the polylactic acid fiber and the absorbent cotton to a multi-bin cotton mixer;

step three: fully mixing polylactic acid fibers and absorbent cotton through a multi-bin cotton mixer and conveying the mixture to a fine opening machine;

step four: the polylactic acid fiber and the absorbent cotton are delivered to a cotton feeding box of a carding machine by a cotton conveying fan after being opened by a fine opening machine;

step five: carding, removing impurities and mixing polylactic acid fibers and absorbent cotton through a carding machine to form a web with a preset gram weight;

step six: conveying the cotton web to a cross lapping machine to form a reticular cotton web with a preset width and a preset gram weight;

step seven: conveying the formed net-shaped cotton net to a fiber drafting machine for air flow drafting, and conveying the drafted cotton net to a spunlace machine;

step eight: after the drafted cotton web is subjected to jet spunlace treatment by a spunlace machine under rated water pressure, a non-woven fabric with preset width, preset gram weight, preset strength and preset wear resistance is formed;

step nine: crimping the non-woven fabric through a lap former to form a lap with a preset diameter;

step ten: after finishing, conveying the cotton rolls to a dryer for drying treatment;

step eleven: feeding the dried blended non-woven fabric into a splitting machine, and splitting into non-woven fabrics with preset gram weight and preset breadth according to requirements;

step twelve: and (4) packaging and warehousing the cut non-woven fabrics after the non-woven fabrics are qualified.

Further, the blended non-woven fabric is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-90 parts of polylactic acid fiber and 10-15 parts of absorbent cotton.

Further, the pressure in the first step of decompression drying is controlled to be 900-1500 pa, and the temperature is controlled to be 45-55 ℃.

Further, the rated water pressure in the step eight is 150-200 Bar.

Further, the web is subjected to prewetting treatment before the spunlace treatment in the step eight, so that the web is compacted, air in the web is removed, and jet energy absorption of the spunlace treatment is guaranteed.

Furthermore, an antioxidant, a dispersant and a softening agent are also mixed and added into the raw materials.

Furthermore, an electrostatic filament separator is arranged below the cross lapping machine and used for improving the uniformity of the fiber web.

Further, the specific preparation process of the polylactic acid fiber comprises the following steps:

s1: preparing polylactic acid slices, cleaning, and carrying out staged drying on the polylactic acid slices by using a vacuum drying oven: in the first stage, the temperature of a vacuum drying oven is controlled to be 65-70 ℃ and the duration time is 5 hours, in the second stage, the temperature of the vacuum drying oven is controlled to be 75-80 ℃ and the duration time is 5 hours, and in the third stage, the temperature of the vacuum drying oven is controlled to be 85-95 ℃ and the duration time is 15 hours;

s2: putting the dried polylactic acid slices into a double-screw extruder, adding an antioxidant after the polylactic acid slices are put into the double-screw extruder, mixing, extruding and granulating, wherein the working temperature of the double-screw extruder is controlled to be 70-100 ℃, the working rotating speed is controlled to be 45-55r/min, the extrusion duration is controlled to be 0.5-1 hour, and the mass part ratio of the polylactic acid slices to the antioxidant is 100: 3-5;

s3: the output end of the double-screw extruder is provided with a first filter for carrying out continuous coarse filtration on a product of the double-screw extruder, then the output end of the first filter is sequentially provided and connected with a metering pump and a spinneret plate, a second filter is arranged between the metering pump and the spinneret plate for carrying out fine filtration on the product of the metering pump, the aperture of the spinneret plate is controlled to be 0.15-0.19mm, and the ratio of the length to the aperture of the spinneret plate is 4-5;

s4: then cooling, blowing and airflow drafting are carried out, and the airflow drafting speed is 5500-6000 m/min;

s5: the method comprises the steps that the fiber yarns subjected to air flow drawing are uniformly paved into fiber webs on a net curtain through a diffusion air duct by a lapping machine, air suction ducts are uniformly distributed below the lapping machine and used for strengthening the adhesive force of the fiber webs, adjusting valves are independently installed on the air ducts and used for independently adjusting the air pressure of the air suction ducts, heating rollers are horizontally installed above the lapping machine and stably controlled to be 70-80 ℃, and polylactic acid fibers are finally formed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the natural antibacterial and anti-mite effects of the existing all-cotton spunlace non-woven fabric are solved, and after polylactic acid fibers are blended and spun in the all-cotton in a certain proportion, the natural antibacterial and anti-mite characteristics of the polylactic acid fibers are utilized, so that the blended non-woven fabric also has the natural antibacterial and anti-mite functions.

2. The characteristics of degradability and environmental protection are the most important advantages of the material: the polylactic acid has good biocompatibility and biodegradability and can be degraded by acid, alkali, biological enzyme, microorganism and the like; after being used, the biological organic fertilizer can be completely degraded by microorganisms in nature, various products made of the biological organic fertilizer are buried in soil for 3 to 6 months and are crushed, and under the action of microbial decomposition enzyme, the products are changed into lactic acid for 6 to 12 months and finally into carbon dioxide and water, so that the biological organic fertilizer does not pollute the environment and is very beneficial to protecting the environment; polylactic acid belongs to aliphatic polyester, has the basic characteristics of general high molecular materials: better barrier property, air permeability, transparency, gloss and the like, higher hardness and higher tensile and bending modulus than the traditional general resin;

3. the non-woven fabric prepared by the invention has good air permeability and hygroscopicity, long service life, strong flexibility, firmness, durability and high bursting strength, and has the characteristics of bacteriostasis and peculiar smell removal;

4. the physical properties of the non-woven fabric prepared by the invention are close to those of nylon and terylene, the air permeability and the hand feeling are better than those of terylene, the non-woven fabric has the advantages of difficult electrostatic generation, good biocompatibility and comfort, can be prepared into multifilament, monofilament, short fiber, knitted fabric, non-woven fabric and the like, is particularly suitable for underwear, coats and socks, and medical textiles such as special clothing worn by doctors, nurses and patients, bedsheets of sickbeds and the like, and can also be used as building materials, agricultural materials and the like.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

an antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric based on polylactic acid fibers is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of polylactic acid fiber and 10 parts of absorbent cotton, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing raw materials of polylactic acid fiber and absorbent cotton, adding an antioxidant, a dispersing agent and a softening agent into the raw materials, removing fiber raw materials with pollution and impurities exceeding the standard, then washing with water to remove impurities, and drying under reduced pressure, wherein the pressure is controlled at 1500pa during the drying under reduced pressure, and the temperature is controlled at 55 ℃;

step six: conveying the cotton nets to a cross lapping machine to form net cotton nets with preset width and preset gram weight, and arranging an electrostatic filament separator below the cross lapping machine for improving the uniformity of the fiber nets;

step eight: after the drafted cotton net is subjected to jet spunlace treatment of rated water pressure of a spunlace machine, a non-woven fabric with preset width, preset gram weight, preset strength and preset wear resistance is formed, the rated water pressure is 200Bar, the cotton net is subjected to pre-wetting treatment before the spunlace treatment, the pre-wetting treatment is used for compacting the cotton net, air in the cotton net is removed, and jet energy absorption of the spunlace treatment is guaranteed;

The specific preparation process of the polylactic acid fiber comprises the following steps:

s1: preparing polylactic acid slices, cleaning, and carrying out staged drying on the polylactic acid slices by using a vacuum drying oven: in the first stage, the temperature of a vacuum drying oven is controlled to be 70 ℃ and the duration time is 5 hours, in the second stage, the temperature of the vacuum drying oven is controlled to be 80 ℃ and the duration time is 5 hours, and in the third stage, the temperature of the vacuum drying oven is controlled to be 95 ℃ and the duration time is 15 hours;

s2: putting the dried polylactic acid slices into a double-screw extruder, adding an antioxidant after the polylactic acid slices are put into the double-screw extruder, mixing, extruding and granulating, wherein the working temperature of the double-screw extruder is controlled at 100 ℃, the working rotating speed is controlled at 55r/min, the extrusion duration is controlled at 1 hour, and the mass part ratio of the polylactic acid slices to the antioxidant is 100: 5;

s3: the method comprises the following steps of installing a first filter at the output end of a double-screw extruder for carrying out continuous coarse filtration on a product of the double-screw extruder, then sequentially installing and connecting a metering pump and a spinneret plate at the output end of the first filter, installing a second filter between the metering pump and the spinneret plate for carrying out fine filtration on the product of the metering pump, controlling the aperture of the spinneret plate to be 0.19mm, and controlling the ratio of the length of the spinneret plate to the aperture to be 5;

s4: then cooling, blowing and airflow drafting are carried out, wherein the airflow drafting speed is 6000 m/min;

s5: the fiber after air draft is uniformly paved into fiber webs on the net curtain through the diffusion air channels by the lapping machine, the air suction channels are uniformly distributed below the lapping machine and used for strengthening the adhesive force of the fiber webs, the air channels are respectively and independently provided with the regulating valve, the regulating valves are used for independently regulating the air pressure of the air suction channels, meanwhile, the heating roller is horizontally arranged above the lapping machine and is stably controlled at 80 ℃, and finally, polylactic acid fibers are formed.

Example 2:

an antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric based on polylactic acid fibers is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts of polylactic acid fiber and 15 parts of absorbent cotton, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing raw materials of polylactic acid fiber and absorbent cotton, adding an antioxidant, a dispersing agent and a softening agent into the raw materials, removing fiber raw materials with pollution and impurities exceeding the standard, then washing with water to remove impurities, and drying under reduced pressure, wherein the pressure is controlled at 900pa during the drying under reduced pressure, and the temperature is controlled at 45 ℃;

step eight: after the drafted cotton net is subjected to jet spunlace treatment of rated water pressure of a spunlace machine, a non-woven fabric with preset width, preset gram weight, preset strength and preset wear resistance is formed, the rated water pressure is 150Bar, the cotton net is subjected to pre-wetting treatment before the spunlace treatment, the pre-wetting treatment is used for compacting the cotton net, air in the cotton net is removed, and jet energy absorption of the spunlace treatment is guaranteed;

s1: preparing polylactic acid slices, cleaning, and carrying out staged drying on the polylactic acid slices by using a vacuum drying oven: in the first stage, the temperature of a vacuum drying oven is controlled to be 65 ℃ and the duration time is 5 hours, in the second stage, the temperature of the vacuum drying oven is controlled to be 75 ℃ and the duration time is 5 hours, and in the third stage, the temperature of the vacuum drying oven is controlled to be 85 ℃ and the duration time is 15 hours;

s2: putting the dried polylactic acid slices into a double-screw extruder, adding an antioxidant after the polylactic acid slices are put into the double-screw extruder, mixing, extruding and granulating, wherein the working temperature of the double-screw extruder is controlled at 70 ℃, the working rotating speed is controlled at 45r/min, the extrusion duration is controlled at 0.5 hour, and the mass part ratio of the polylactic acid slices to the antioxidant is 100: 3;

s3: the method comprises the following steps of installing a first filter at the output end of a double-screw extruder for carrying out continuous coarse filtration on a product of the double-screw extruder, then sequentially installing and connecting a metering pump and a spinneret plate at the output end of the first filter, installing a second filter between the metering pump and the spinneret plate for carrying out fine filtration on the product of the metering pump, controlling the aperture of the spinneret plate to be 0.15mm, and controlling the ratio of the length of the spinneret plate to the aperture to be 4;

s4: then cooling, blowing and airflow drafting are carried out, wherein the airflow drafting speed is 5500 m/min;

s5: the fiber after air draft is uniformly paved into fiber webs on the net curtain through the diffusion air channels by the lapping machine, the air suction channels are uniformly distributed below the lapping machine and used for strengthening the adhesive force of the fiber webs, the air channels are respectively and independently provided with the regulating valve, the regulating valves are used for independently regulating the air pressure of the air suction channels, meanwhile, the heating roller is horizontally arranged above the lapping machine and is stably controlled at 70 ℃, and finally, polylactic acid fibers are formed.

Example 3:

an antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric based on polylactic acid fibers is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 88 parts of polylactic acid fiber and 12 parts of absorbent cotton, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing raw materials of polylactic acid fiber and absorbent cotton, adding an antioxidant, a dispersing agent and a softening agent into the raw materials, removing fiber raw materials with pollution and impurities exceeding the standard, then washing with water to remove impurities, and drying under reduced pressure, wherein the pressure is controlled at 1200pa during the drying under reduced pressure, and the temperature is controlled at 50 ℃;

step eight: after the drafted cotton net is subjected to jet spunlace treatment of rated water pressure of a spunlace machine, a non-woven fabric with preset width, preset gram weight, preset strength and preset wear resistance is formed, the rated water pressure is 180Bar, and the cotton net is subjected to pre-wetting treatment before the spunlace treatment, so that the cotton net is compacted, air in the cotton net is removed, and jet energy absorption of the spunlace treatment is guaranteed;

s1: preparing polylactic acid slices, cleaning, and carrying out staged drying on the polylactic acid slices by using a vacuum drying oven: in the first stage, the temperature of a vacuum drying oven is controlled at 68 ℃ for 5 hours, in the second stage, the temperature of the vacuum drying oven is controlled at 78 ℃ for 5 hours, and in the third stage, the temperature of the vacuum drying oven is controlled at 90 ℃ for 15 hours;

s2: putting the dried polylactic acid slices into a double-screw extruder, adding an antioxidant after the polylactic acid slices are put into the double-screw extruder, mixing, extruding and granulating, wherein the working temperature of the double-screw extruder is controlled at 85 ℃, the working rotating speed is controlled at 50r/min, the extrusion duration is controlled at 0.8 hour, and the mass part ratio of the polylactic acid slices to the antioxidant is 100: 4;

s3: the method comprises the following steps of installing a first filter at the output end of a double-screw extruder for carrying out continuous coarse filtration on a product of the double-screw extruder, then sequentially installing and connecting a metering pump and a spinneret plate at the output end of the first filter, installing a second filter between the metering pump and the spinneret plate for carrying out fine filtration on the product of the metering pump, controlling the aperture of the spinneret plate to be 0.17mm, and controlling the ratio of the length of the spinneret plate to the aperture to be 5;

s4: then cooling, blowing and airflow drafting are carried out, wherein the airflow drafting speed is 5800 m/min;

s5: the fiber after air draft is uniformly paved into fiber webs on the net curtain through the diffusion air channels by the lapping machine, the air suction channels are uniformly distributed below the lapping machine and used for strengthening the adhesive force of the fiber webs, the air channels are respectively and independently provided with the regulating valve, the regulating valves are used for independently regulating the air pressure of the air suction channels, meanwhile, the heating roller is horizontally arranged above the lapping machine and is stably controlled at 75 ℃, and finally, polylactic acid fibers are formed.

The polylactic acid is produced through ① converting crop rich in starch into glucose solution, ② converting the glucose solution into lactic acid through special fermentation process with biological enzyme as catalyst, ③ purifying and concentrating lactic acid to obtain cyclic dilactide, and ring opening polymerizing the cyclic dilactide to obtain polylactic acid.

In the production of polylactic acid, biotechnology is mainly embodied in the production of lactic acid monomers, and the production of lactic acid polymers from lactic acid monomers is a conventional polymer synthesis technology. The key problem in the biological method for producing lactic acid from plant raw materials is to develop an efficient and low-cost enzyme catalyst.

① lactic acid direct polycondensation method, lactic acid dehydration polycondensation under vacuum to obtain polylactic acid, the method is simple, but the molecular weight of the obtained polymer is smaller, generally less than 5000, the direct polycondensation method is mainly characterized in that the synthesized polylactic acid does not contain catalyst, but the reaction condition is relatively harsh, the direct polymerization method has made a certain progress in recent years through technical innovation and improvement, but the method is rarely applied in industry at present, ② two-step method, also called non-solvent method or lactide ring-opening polymerization method, lactic acid is dehydrated and cyclized to form cyclic di-lactic acid, and then the poly-lactic acid is obtained through ring-opening polycondensation.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an antibiotic anti mite blending non-woven fabrics based on polylactic acid fibre which characterized in that: the blended non-woven fabric is prepared by mixing polylactic acid fiber and absorbent cotton, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:

2. The polylactic acid fiber-based antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the blended non-woven fabric is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-90 parts of polylactic acid fiber and 10-15 parts of absorbent cotton.

3. The polylactic acid fiber-based antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the first step, the pressure is controlled to be 900-1500 pa during the reduced pressure drying, and the temperature is controlled to be 45-55 ℃.

4. The polylactic acid fiber-based antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the rated water pressure in the step eight is 150-.

5. The polylactic acid fiber-based antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and step eight, prewetting the cotton net before the spunlace treatment, compacting the cotton net, removing air in the cotton net, and ensuring jet energy absorption of the spunlace treatment.

6. The polylactic acid fiber-based antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the raw materials are also mixed and added with an antioxidant, a dispersant and a softening agent.

7. The polylactic acid fiber-based antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and an electrostatic filament separator is also arranged below the cross lapping machine and used for improving the uniformity of the fiber web.

8. The polylactic acid fiber-based antibacterial and anti-mite blended non-woven fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the specific preparation process of the polylactic acid fiber comprises the following steps: