CN110790305A - Preparation method of black titanium dioxide powder - Google Patents
Preparation method of black titanium dioxide powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN110790305A CN110790305A CN201911180832.5A CN201911180832A CN110790305A CN 110790305 A CN110790305 A CN 110790305A CN 201911180832 A CN201911180832 A CN 201911180832A CN 110790305 A CN110790305 A CN 110790305A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01G23/00—Compounds of titanium
- C01G23/04—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G23/047—Titanium dioxide
- C01G23/08—Drying; Calcining ; After treatment of titanium oxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
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- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
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- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
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- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
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- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
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- C01P2006/60—Optical properties, e.g. expressed in CIELAB-values
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of black titanium dioxide powder, which comprises the following steps: mixing and grinding ascorbic acid powder and titanium dioxide powder to obtain mixed powder; sintering the obtained mixed powder in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a sintered body; naturally cooling the obtained sintered body to 50-55 ℃, and fully washing with water to obtain a washed sintered body; and drying the obtained washed sintered body to obtain black titanium dioxide powder. The bright black titanium dioxide powder is successfully prepared by adopting the preparation method, the color distribution is uniform, and the brightness of the product is higher; the high temperature and chemical stability are good, and the possibility of color fading can not appear in use; the process method is simple, the practicability is strong, the production cost is low, and the requirement on equipment is not high; the production efficiency is high, the time consumption is short, the reaction is complete, the quality is high, and the large-scale production is facilitated; the used raw materials are green and safe, no safety and environmental problems are caused, and the energy consumption is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of inorganic material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of black titanium dioxide powder.
Background
Carbon black and black iron oxide (Fe) have been conventionally used as black pigments3O4). The carbon black has the advantages of high blackness and strong tinting strength; however, carbon black is difficult to disperse in water, and when it is used as a pigment, it is also relatively miscible with a resinA difference; meanwhile, the carbon black has low density and is easy to cause dust pollution, and when the carbon black is mixed with benzene substances, carcinogen 3, 4-benzopyrene can be generated, so that the safety problem and the environmental problem exist. Iron oxide black is a black fine powder, has very high hiding power, strong tinting strength, good light resistance and weather resistance, but has magnetism and easy agglomeration, and is unstable in chroma and poor in heat stability when used as a black pigment, so that the application of the black pigment is limited. In response to the problems with current black pigments, new black powder pigments, such as black titanium dioxide (TiO), have been developed in recent years2) The pigment has a series of unique advantages of high heat stability, pure color quality, no magnetism, no agglomeration, good dispersion performance, high activity, environmental protection, no toxicity and the like.
The black titanium dioxide powder material has a special crystal core/amorphous core-shell structure. The structure and performance of the synthesized black titanium dioxide nano powder material can be influenced by adopting different preparation methods and conditions, and whether the synthesized black titanium dioxide nano powder contains Ti or not is determined by different methods3+. The inclusion of trivalent titanium in titanium dioxide causes lattice defects, and trivalent titanium, which is titanium in a reduced state and is liable to undergo d-d transition to tetravalent titanium ions, is formed by reducing titanium dioxide.
The crystal structure of the titanium dioxide can be improved by introducing lattice defects into the black titanium dioxide powder, so that the electronic energy level structure of the titanium dioxide powder is optimized, the forbidden bandwidth is shortened, and the performance is improved. Further, a disordered structure exists near the surface of the black titanium dioxide powder, and in such a disordered structure, there is a lattice change, and a lattice contraction phenomenon or a lattice expansion phenomenon occurs. Meanwhile, the existence of oxygen vacancies and the change of valence band positions exist in the nano-crystals of the black titanium dioxide powder, and the electrical conductivity is also enhanced. Black titanium dioxide has excellent absorption properties of visible light and infrared light, which makes it increasingly widely used in the fields related to light absorption and photocatalysis.
The current methods for preparing black titanium dioxide in the prior art are as follows:
(1) gas-phase atmosphere sintering method: the titanium source is put in high pressure pure hydrogen, Ar/H2Or under the condition of ammonia gas,sintering at a certain temperature, cooling to obtain black TiO2And (3) powder. If heated at 200 ℃ for 5 days under the condition of high-pressure pure hydrogen, the black TiO with surface defects is prepared2And (4) nanocrystals. In this case, black TiO2The nanocrystalline phase comprises two parts: TiO of crystalline phase2An inner core and a highly disordered surface phase. A large amount of semiconductor lattice disorder may produce an energy distribution of intermediate energy gap states that is different from a single defect in the crystal. The advantage is easy handling. The disadvantages of long time consumption, low production efficiency, high cost, high energy consumption, being not beneficial to large-scale production and unstable product quality.
(2) Electrochemical reduction method: preparation of TiO by anodic oxidation2Preparing black TiO by electrochemical reduction of nanotube powder material2A nanotube powder material. The anodic oxidation system takes a platinum electrode as a counter electrode and a titanium sheet as a working electrode, the nanotube powder material is prepared by anodic oxidation under the condition of direct current voltage, and the electrolyte is 0.2mol/LHF and 0.12mol/LH2O2The ethylene glycol solution of (1). The nanotube preparation conditions are as follows: sintering for 4h at 450 ℃ in an air atmosphere. The electrochemical reduction process comprises the following steps: activated for 30s at 60V and then at 0.27 wt% NH4F, in ethylene glycol electrolyte solution, applying a voltage of 40V for anodic oxidation for 400s to obtain black TiO2A nanotube. The disadvantages are complex process, more process steps, great operation difficulty, high cost, uneven product granularity distribution and the possibility of gradual desalination in the using process.
(3) Anodic oxidation annealing method: preparation of black TiO by anodic oxidation followed by sintering2A nanotube. Electrolyte 0.25 wt% NH4F and 2 vol% of distilled water, and applying a direct current voltage of 60V to the solution, and carrying out anodic oxidation twice for 10 hours each time by using a titanium foil as a substrate. First anodized TiO2Stripping the nano film, then carrying out secondary anodic oxidation, and obtaining the anodized TiO2Washing the nano film with ethanol and water, drying at 150 ℃, and sintering at 450 ℃ in air atmosphere for 1 h. After the upper oxide film was peeled off, black TiO was obtained on the substrate2A film. The advantage is that the particle size of the product is relatively uniform. The disadvantages are uneven color distribution and black colorLight color, dark color, difficult control, difficult operation, high cost, high requirement on equipment, difficult large-scale industrial production and poor practicability.
(4) Chemical redox method: including aluminum reduction, zinc reduction, imidazole reduction, sodium borohydride reduction and CaH2A reduction method. For example, titanium dioxide powder and sodium borohydride are mixed under an inert gas atmosphere, and the mixture is heated at a temperature of 300 ℃ to 950 ℃ under an inert gas atmosphere to decompose the sodium borohydride and partially reduce the titanium dioxide, thereby obtaining black titanium dioxide powder excellent in mixability and dispersibility. The method has the advantages of simple operation and strong practicability. The disadvantage is that these reducing agents create environmental and safety problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the preparation method of the black titanium dioxide powder, which has the advantages of simple operation, strong practicability, low production cost, uniform color distribution of the prepared black titanium dioxide powder, higher brightness, good high-temperature and chemical stability, adjustable blackness and repeatability and operability.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for preparing black titanium dioxide powder, comprising the steps of:
a. mixing and grinding ascorbic acid powder and titanium dioxide powder to obtain mixed powder, wherein the using amounts of the ascorbic acid powder and the titanium dioxide powder are respectively as follows by mass percent: 2-10% and 90-98%;
b. b, sintering the mixed powder obtained in the step a in a nitrogen atmosphere at a nitrogen introduction rate of 280-plus-one 300cc/min, and preserving heat for 1-3h at a temperature of 400-plus-one 500 ℃ to obtain a sintered body;
c. naturally cooling the sintered body obtained in the step b to 50-55 ℃, and fully washing to obtain a washed sintered body;
d. and c, drying the washed sintered body obtained in the step c to obtain black titanium dioxide powder.
Further, the dosage of the ascorbic acid powder and the titanium dioxide powder in the step a is respectively as follows by mass percent: 3-7% and 93-97%.
Further, the dosage of the ascorbic acid powder and the titanium dioxide powder in the step a is respectively as follows by mass percent: 6 percent and 94 percent
Further, the particle size of the ascorbic acid powder in the step a is 0.1-300 μm, and the particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is 0.1-0.2 μm.
Further, the particle size of the ascorbic acid powder in the step a is 0.1-200 μm.
Further, the purity of the nitrogen in the step b is 99-100%.
Furthermore, the temperature of the drying treatment in the step d is 80-100 ℃, and the time is 24-28 h.
Furthermore, the temperature of the drying treatment in the step d is 90-100 ℃, and the time is 25-28 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the bright black titanium dioxide powder prepared by the invention has uniform color distribution and higher product brightness; the high temperature and chemical stability are good, and the possibility of color fading can not appear in use; the process method is simple, the practicability is strong, the production cost is low, and the requirement on equipment is not high; the particle size of the product is uniform; the black titanium dioxide powder with adjustable blackness and repeatability and operability is produced; the production efficiency is high, the time consumption is short, the reaction is complete, the quality is high, and the large-scale production is facilitated; the used raw materials are green and safe, no safety and environmental problems are caused, and the energy consumption is low.
The reaction principle for preparing the black titanium dioxide is as follows: the titanium dioxide nano particles are reduced in a reducing medium to obtain black titanium dioxide powder, trivalent titanium is generated in the titanium dioxide to cause lattice defects, the trivalent titanium is formed by reducing the titanium dioxide, and the trivalent titanium is reduced titanium and is easy to generate d-d transition and is changed into tetravalent titanium ions. Black TiO2The powder can improve TiO by introducing lattice defect2Thereby optimizing the electronic energy level structure and improving the performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an XRD contrast spectrum of a black titanium dioxide powder prepared in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is X-ray diffraction characterization data and XRD pattern of black titanium dioxide powder prepared according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction characterization data analysis chart of the black titanium dioxide powder prepared by the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a method for preparing black titanium dioxide powder, comprising the steps of:
a. mixing and grinding 37.83g of ascorbic acid powder and 639.2g of titanium dioxide powder to obtain mixed powder, wherein the particle size of the ascorbic acid powder is 300 microns, and the particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is 0.18 microns;
b. b, sintering the mixed powder obtained in the step a in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the purity of nitrogen is 99%, the introduction rate of nitrogen is 300cc/min, and the temperature is kept at 450 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain a sintered body;
c. naturally cooling the sintered body obtained in the step b to 50 ℃, and fully washing with water to obtain a washed sintered body;
d. and c, drying the washed sintered body obtained in the step c at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain black titanium dioxide powder.
Example 2:
a method for preparing black titanium dioxide powder, comprising the steps of:
a. mixing and grinding 8g of ascorbic acid powder and 320.6g of titanium dioxide powder to obtain mixed powder, wherein the particle size of the ascorbic acid powder is 0.1 mu m, and the particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is 0.1 mu m;
b. b, sintering the mixed powder obtained in the step a in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the purity of nitrogen is 100%, the introduction rate of nitrogen is 280cc/min, and keeping the temperature at 500 ℃ for 1h to obtain a sintered body;
c. naturally cooling the sintered body obtained in the step b to 55 ℃, and fully washing with water to obtain a washed sintered body;
d. and c, drying the washed sintered body obtained in the step c at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 28h to obtain black titanium dioxide powder.
Example 3:
a method for preparing black titanium dioxide powder, comprising the steps of:
a. mixing 58g of ascorbic acid powder and 530.5g of titanium dioxide powder, and grinding to obtain mixed powder, wherein the particle size of the ascorbic acid powder is 200 microns, and the particle size of the titanium dioxide powder is 0.2 microns;
b. b, sintering the mixed powder obtained in the step a in a nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the purity of nitrogen is 99.9%, the introduction rate of the nitrogen is 290cc/min, and keeping the temperature at 400 ℃ for 2h to obtain a sintered body;
c. naturally cooling the sintered body obtained in the step b to 52 ℃, and fully washing with water to obtain a washed sintered body;
d. and c, drying the washed sintered body obtained in the step c at the temperature of 90 ℃ for 25 hours to obtain black titanium dioxide powder.
Comparative example 1:
10g of titanium metal powder having an average particle diameter of 0.18 μm and 66.768g of titanium dioxide powder were mixed in a molar ratio of 1: 4, heating the mixture in a nitrogen flow for 3 hours at 900 ℃ in an inert atmosphere to obtain a powdery product, cooling the powdery product to 50 ℃ in the same atmosphere, and crushing the powdery product to obtain black titanium dioxide powder.
Comparative example 2:
comparative example 1 the same ammonia reduction method was used as compared with the above examples, except that: ascorbic acid is not added, the temperature is required to reach 900-.
Comparative example 3:
comparative example 1 differs from the above examples in that: the magnesium powder/aluminum powder reduction method is adopted, the temperature is required to reach 900-1050 ℃, and the purity is not high.
The black titanium dioxide powders obtained in the above examples and comparative examples were examined, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1 and FIGS. 1-3, the black titanium dioxide powder prepared by the invention has uniform color distribution, good high-temperature and chemical stability, and wider L value range, therefore, the brightness is higher, the blackness degree is adjustable, the repeatability and the operability are realized, and the preparation method has the advantages of simple operation, strong practicability, low energy consumption and low production cost; proves that the titanium dioxide nano-particles are reduced in a reducing medium to obtain black titanium dioxide powder, the generation of trivalent titanium in the titanium dioxide can cause lattice defects, the trivalent titanium is formed by reducing the titanium dioxide, the trivalent titanium is reduced titanium and is easy to generate d-d transition and is changed into tetravalent titanium ions, and the black TiO2The powder can improve TiO by introducing lattice defect2Thereby optimizing the electronic energy level structure and improving the performance.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for preparing black titanium dioxide powder is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. mixing and grinding ascorbic acid powder and titanium dioxide powder to obtain mixed powder, wherein the using amounts of the ascorbic acid powder and the titanium dioxide powder are respectively as follows by mass percent: 2-10% and 90-98%;
b. b, sintering the mixed powder obtained in the step a in a nitrogen atmosphere at a nitrogen introduction rate of 280-plus-one 300cc/min, and preserving heat for 1-3h at a temperature of 400-plus-one 500 ℃ to obtain a sintered body;
c. naturally cooling the sintered body obtained in the step b to 50-55 ℃, and fully washing to obtain a washed sintered body;
d. and c, drying the washed sintered body obtained in the step c to obtain black titanium dioxide powder.
2. The method for preparing black titanium dioxide powder according to claim 1, wherein the ascorbic acid powder and the titanium dioxide powder in step a are used in the following amounts by mass percent: 3-7% and 93-97%.
3. The method for preparing black titanium dioxide powder according to claim 1, wherein the ascorbic acid powder and the titanium dioxide powder in step a are used in the following amounts by mass percent: 6 percent and 94 percent.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ascorbic acid powder in the step a has a particle size of 0.1 to 300 μm, and the titanium dioxide powder has a particle size of 0.1 to 0.2 μm.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ascorbic acid powder in the step a has a particle size of 0.1 to 200 μm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the purity of the nitrogen gas in the step b is 99-100%.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying temperature in step d is 80-100 ℃ for 24-28 hours.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying temperature in step d is 90-100 ℃ for 25-28 hours.
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| CN111847503A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-10-30 | 宁夏中科欧德科技有限公司 | Preparation method of black titanium dioxide |
| CN112892515A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-04 | 浙江大学 | All-optical-response titanium dioxide nanotube photocatalyst rich in surface oxygen vacancies and low-temperature preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114570346A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-06-03 | 华东理工大学 | Modification method for enhancing visible light response of titanium dioxide photocatalyst |
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| CN114570346B (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2023-11-10 | 华东理工大学 | Modification method for enhancing visible light response of titanium dioxide photocatalyst |
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