CN110787381A

CN110787381A - Barrier-free escape system for high-rise building

Info

Publication number: CN110787381A
Application number: CN201911143847.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 傅俊祥; 温龚; 傅芮
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-11-20
Filing date: 2019-11-20
Publication date: 2020-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-20
Also published as: CN110787381B

Abstract

The invention discloses a barrier-free escape system for a high-rise building, which relates to the technical field of building safety protection and entertainment facilities, and comprises a vertical evacuation area and a transverse evacuation channel which penetrate from the top floor to the bottom floor of the building. The vertical evacuation area consists of an anti-dizziness stair, an elastic acting slideway, an elastic speed reduction door, a rotary pull ring and a standing posture outlet. The vertical evacuation area is provided with 2 elastic acting slideways and 1 anti-dizziness stair, and the system can give consideration to emergency escape and daily traffic. The invention works by means of the elasticity of the elastic speed reducing door, safely consumes the mechanical energy of escapers, can avoid the scratching risk of a common slide and simultaneously helps vulnerable people to escape without obstacles.

Description

Barrier-free escape system for high-rise building

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building safety protection and entertainment facilities, in particular to a barrier-free escape system for a high-rise building.

Background

The escape from high buildings is a worldwide problem and has two challenges of horizontal evacuation and vertical traffic. Once a high-rise resident meets a fire door, the resident is trapped in the fire sea and only can hope to escape outdoors, however, the higher the floor is, the more difficult the outdoor escape is, and the higher the risk of falling from the building is. Currently, there are two types of indoor vertical evacuation systems: elevators and stairways. In case of fire, the elevator may break down and is trapped, the vulnerable group is easy to be pushed down when going down stairs, a chain trampling accident is caused, and the wounded person is difficult to escape independently by using the stairs and other people are difficult to rescue.

CN201110065649.8 proposes a method for installing an escape chute on a staircase, which can help special people escape without obstacles. The disadvantages are as follows: manual keying is needed, the electric drive mechanical device is waited to put down the slideway and can be used after the slideway is completely switched on, and the power failure is failed; the stairs and the slide way are provided with two 180-degree sharp turns on each layer, so that the escaper is easy to be dizzy; the gliding speed is slow, and the efficiency of fleing is not superior to the stair.

The CN109663232A patent of our prior application for a novel high-rise building safe and rapid escape system provides solutions for the three problems. However, three challenges remain unsolved: the horizontal evacuation path is single, and once the residents in the high-rise building meet the fire and close the door, the residents are difficult to return; each floor has a floor area of 16m²The four-channel design has high escape efficiency, but the requirements of daily traffic and going upstairs and downstairs cannot be met, so that the escape system cannot completely replace the conventional stairs, and extra land occupation and cost are brought; the export of slide needs people's initiative to use the pull ring just can realize the reposition of redundant personnel, and the person of fleing is shoveled down by follow-up person of fleing easily in the time of standing up, causes the jam and the confusion of scene of fleing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a barrier-free escape system for a high-rise building, which aims to solve three problems of transverse evacuation, daily traffic and outlet blockage prevention of the high-rise escape system and help vulnerable people to escape without barriers.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a barrier-free escape system for high-rise buildings comprises a plurality of vertical evacuation areas and horizontal evacuation channels, wherein the vertical evacuation areas and the horizontal evacuation channels penetrate from the top floor to the bottom floor of the building;

2 elastic acting slide ways and 1 anti-dizziness stair are arranged in the vertical evacuation area;

the elastic acting slide way is connected with a reverse slide way after rotating for a plurality of circles in the same direction from top to bottom, so that the reverse of the direction of the slide way in the same vertical space is realized, and the inner wall of the elastic acting slide way is coated with a super-slip coating;

the vertical evacuation area on each floor is provided with a plurality of fireproof doors, and a vertically drooping elastic speed reduction door is arranged on a ceiling right above each elastic acting slide way on each floor;

the lower half part of the handrail at the inner side is cut off by the elastic acting slideway at each layer to form a gap which is a slideway inlet and outlet, and a rotary pull ring is arranged at the slideway inlet and outlet;

the elastic acting slide way extends to an open ground or underground air-raid shelter outside the 1 layer of the building, the tail end of the elastic acting slide way is connected with a standing position outlet, and the tail end of the standing position outlet is provided with a cushion pad;

the transverse evacuation passage is any one set of room on each floor of the building, a front door and a rear door are arranged on each set of room, the front door and the rear door of each set of room are respectively connected with corresponding escape passages, and the escape passages are directly communicated with the vertical evacuation areas on the same floor.

Preferably, the elastic working slide way penetrates from the top floor to the bottom floor of the building, and the elastic working slide way is a concave-shaped open slide way and forms an included angle of 60 degrees with the horizontal plane.

Preferably, 2 elasticity do work slide divide into 1 light slide and 1 heavy slide, the weight of the elasticity speed reduction door of installation on the light slide is less than the weight of the elasticity speed reduction door of installation on the heavy slide, the light slide supplies the weight to be less than the use of the escaper of 60KG, the heavy slide supplies the weight to be greater than the use of the escaper of 55 KG.

Preferably, the elastic working slide way on the upper layer of the building covers the elastic working slide way on the lower layer, and the length of an overlapped area of the elastic working slide way on the upper layer of the building and the elastic working slide way on the lower layer is more than or equal to 20 cm; the elastic working slideway on the upper layer of the building is fixedly connected with the elastic working slideway on the lower layer through screws and adhesives, and each layer of elastic working slideway is provided with a base which is fixed on the floor.

Preferably, vertical evacuation district is the column space that runs through to the bottom from the top layer of building, and every layer area is about 16 square meters, every layer vertical evacuation district is provided with prevents fire door, every layer inside fire extinguisher, loudspeaker and the panorama surveillance camera of being equipped with of vertical evacuation district, all be equipped with a shutter on every outer wall face of vertical evacuation district.

Preferably, the elastic speed reduction door comprises a hook, a steel skeleton and a latex elastic layer wrapped outside the steel skeleton; the top of the steel skeleton is provided with a rotating shaft, the hook is installed on a ceiling, and the rotating shaft is hung on the hook.

Preferably, the elastic speed reduction door is of a sector structure with an angle of 30-60 degrees, and the elastic speed reduction door is provided with 5-6 vertexes; wherein, 4 summits have formed vertical rectangle plane that is used for sealing elasticity doing work slide, 1 ~ 2 summits setting are in addition kept away from the one end of rectangle plane, and this end is provided with the latex hemisphere.

Preferably, the rotary pull ring comprises a central shaft and pull rings, the central shaft is fixed above the slide way inlet and outlet of each layer of the elastic working slide way, and four pull rings which are vertically arranged are arranged on the periphery of the central shaft.

Preferably, the anti-dizziness stair penetrates from the top floor to the bottom floor of the building and is arranged close to the wall surface, the anti-dizziness stair is divided into three sections by two corners, and the length ratio of the stair is 1: 2: 1; the rotating direction of the anti-dizziness stair is always the same as that of the 2 elastic acting slideways on the same layer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. is safe and reliable. The invention relates to an indoor escape system, which avoids the danger of outdoor high-altitude escape. The invention does not need external energy supply, manual operation and a matched protective tool, and is used for 24 hours.

2. And (4) evacuating efficiently. The vertical descent of the escapee for 100 meters requires only 30 seconds. The invention only occupies 16m in each layer²The whole evacuation efficiency of 1 hour and ten thousand people for escaping is realized in the space.

3. The escape is realized without barriers. The escape system can be used without training, has no requirements on physical and psychological qualities of escapers, and can be used for barrier-free escape even for special crowds such as old and young patients and the like.

4. And (5) mutual assistance rescue. The wounded person is put into the slideway to finish rescue, the invention ensures that the first time mutual rescue of the escapers becomes a normal state, and the casualties of the rescuers and the escapers are greatly reduced.

5. The area is saved. When the evacuation capacity is ensured to be equal, the system is used for replacing stairs, the floor occupation of evacuation stairs in a building can be reduced by half, and the shared area is reduced.

6. And the maintenance is simple. The invention adopts a simple design, the main body of the slideway is firm and durable, the life cycle is the same as that of a building, and only the ultra-smooth coating and the latex elastic layer need to be maintained regularly.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an elastic acting slide way, an anti-dizziness stair and a standing position exit of a barrier-free escape system for a high-rise building according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a bottom six-layer structure of the rapid escape system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a lateral evacuation route of the rapid escape system of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an elastic deceleration door of the rapid escape system according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the process of the invention for an escaper passing through the elastic deceleration gate;

FIG. 6 is a single-layer schematic view of the rapid escape system of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a front view and a plan view of a triple-layered structure in the vicinity of a counter slide of the rapid escape system according to the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 100-elastic acting slide way, 101-slide way entrance and exit, 102-standing posture exit, 200-dizzy-preventing stair, 300-elastic speed reduction door, 301-hook, 302-steel skeleton, 303-rotating shaft, 304-latex hemisphere, 305-latex elastic layer, 400-rotary pull ring, 401-central shaft, 402-pull ring, 500-suite, 600-transverse evacuation channel and 700-vertical evacuation area.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a high-rise building barrier-free escape system, which comprises a plurality of vertical evacuation areas 700 and horizontal evacuation channels 600 penetrating from the top floor to the bottom floor of the building;

2 elastic acting slide ways 100 and 1 anti-dizziness stair 200 are arranged in the vertical evacuation area 700;

the elastic acting slide way 100 is connected with a reverse slide way after rotating for a plurality of circles in the same direction from top to bottom, so that the reverse of the direction of the slide way in the same vertical space is realized, and the inner wall of the elastic acting slide way 100 is coated with an ultra-smooth coating;

a plurality of fireproof doors are arranged in the vertical evacuation area 700 of each floor, and a vertically drooping elastic speed reduction door 300 is installed on the ceiling right above each elastic working slide way 100 of each floor;

the lower half part of the inner side handrail of the elastic acting slide way 100 on each layer is cut off to form a gap, the gap is a slide way inlet and outlet 101, and a rotary pull ring 400 is arranged at the slide way inlet and outlet 101;

the elastic working slide way 100 extends to an empty ground or underground air-raid shelter outside the 1-storey building, the tail end of the elastic working slide way 100 is connected with a standing posture outlet 102, and a cushion pad is arranged at the tail end of the standing posture outlet 102;

the horizontal evacuation passageway 600 is any one set of rooms on each floor of the building, each set of rooms is provided with a front door and a rear door, the front door and the rear door of each set of rooms are respectively connected with corresponding escape passageways, and the escape passageways are directly communicated with the vertical evacuation areas 700 on the same floor.

In this embodiment:

vertical evacuation district 700 is the column space that runs through to the bottom from the top layer of building, and every connecting chamber of every layer of vertical evacuation district 700 just has enough available space's wall, all sets up 1 on the wall and prevents fire door, prevents that fire door can be single-opening door or two-opening door, and is decided according to the available space of this side wall. The fire door can isolate big fire and dense smoke, and in case the escaper takes fire to enter the vertical evacuation area 700, the fire extinguisher arranged in the vertical evacuation area 700 can be used for emergency disposal. A fire extinguisher, a loudspeaker and a panoramic monitoring camera are arranged in the vertical evacuation area 700, so that the fire extinguisher, the loudspeaker and the panoramic monitoring camera can be conveniently observed, commanded and maintained in the escape site order from an external control room; each outer wall of the vertical evacuation area 700 is provided with a louver for ventilation, as shown in fig. 1.

The elastic working slide way 100 extends to an empty ground or underground air-raid shelter outside the layer 1 of the building, the tail end of the elastic working slide way 100 is connected with a carrot-shaped standing posture outlet 102, the front end of the standing posture outlet 102 is connected with the concave-shaped elastic working slide way 100, and a cushion pad is arranged near the tail end of the standing posture outlet 102, as shown in fig. 1. The two legs of the escaper extend out to one side simultaneously, so that the escaper can land from the side in a standing posture and run away from the left front or the right front, and the weak crowd with inconvenient actions only needs to divide the two legs to two sides and slide to the tail end to land, thereby realizing the safe diversion and the blockage prevention of the outlet of the slide way. The cushion pad can prevent the escaper from falling and being injured. In addition, standing outlet 102 is shaped like a tail, in concert with the top tap and deer head.

The vertical evacuation area 700 is provided with 2 elastic acting slideways 100 and 1 anti-dizziness stair 200, the floor area of each layer is about 16 square meters, in order to guarantee evacuation efficiency of emergency escape, the stairs always occupy a large building area, people in daily life use elevators, and a large amount of stairs are idle, so that huge resource waste is caused.

The front door and the rear door are installed on any suite 500 of each floor in the building, the front door and the rear door of each suite are connected with corresponding transverse evacuation channels 600, and are all directly communicated with the vertical evacuation area 700 through the transverse evacuation channels 600, even if an escaper encounters fire and closes the door, spare transverse evacuation channels can still be used for transverse evacuation, and self rescue is completed. The best choice of the rear door is a sliding door, which can avoid the situation that the rear door is pushed open to injure the escaper and block the escape passage, and also can avoid the situation that the rear door cannot be pulled open due to the fact that the indoor air pressure is too high caused by a fire, as shown in fig. 3.

In order to solve the problem of scratch-free safe sliding of the escaper without a protective pad, the invention provides a safe mechanical energy consumption principle of the escaper, and the escaper applies work by elastic force of elastic collision so as to reduce the friction force to apply work to the maximum extent. A concave-shaped open slideway is selected as the elastic acting slideway 100, and the included angle between the elastic acting slideway and the horizontal plane is 60 degrees. Specifically, the main body of the elastic working slide 100 may be made of stainless steel, glass fiber reinforced plastic, or polymer material. The splicing mode of the elastic acting slideway 100 is that the upper slideway covers the lower slideway, the length of the overlapping area of the upper slideway and the lower slideway is not less than 20cm, the upper slideway and the lower slideway are fixed by screws and adhesives, the splicing structure can be stable, and the condition that the lower slideway at the splicing position is turned up to cause a rider to be cut is prevented. Each layer of the elastic acting slideway 100 is provided with a base, and the base is supported and fixed on the floor of a building. Compared with a common slide arranged in a suspended manner, the elastic acting slide ways 100 on each layer are supported, and the mechanical structure is stable.

As shown in fig. 4, in order to effectively control the sliding speed of the escaper in the elastic power slide 100, an elastic speed-reducing door 300 is designed, which includes a hook 301, a steel frame 302, and a latex elastic layer 305 wrapped outside the steel frame 302. Specifically, the top of the steel framework 302 is provided with a rotating shaft 303, the hook 301 is installed on the ceiling, and the rotating shaft 303 is hung on the hook 301, so that the lower part of the elastic speed reduction door 300 is positioned right above each layer of elastic acting slide 100, and the slide is automatically closed under the action of self gravity. The elastic speed reduction door 300 is of a fan-shaped structure of 30-60 degrees, 5-6 vertexes are arranged on the elastic speed reduction door 300, as shown in a-f in fig. 4, a, b, c and d form a rectangular plane of a vertical closed slide way, two vertexes e and f are arranged at one end far away from the rectangular plane, the end is provided with a latex hemisphere 304, and the latex hemisphere 304 and the latex elastic layer 305 are used for buffering and shock absorption.

When the escaper passes through the door, the elastic deceleration door 300 rotates around the top shaft 303 and opens, and converts the energy of the escaper into its own moment of inertia to achieve a safe and rapid deceleration effect, as shown in fig. 5. After the escaper impacts the speed reduction door, the point can touch the ceiling so as to limit the swing amplitude of the speed reduction door and ensure that the escaper timely falls back to meet the next escaper. The latex elastic layer 305 on the closed slide way side of the elastic speed reducing door 300 is provided with a striking mark of the number of floors where the elevator is located, so that an escaper can know the number of floors where the elevator is located conveniently.

The weight of the escapers is different, if all the elastic speed reducing doors 300 are set to be the same weight, excessive speed reduction for the lighter escapers and insufficient speed reduction for the heavier escapers can occur, therefore, in the invention, 2 elastic acting slide ways 100 are divided into 1 light slide way and 1 heavy slide way, the light slide way is provided with the light elastic speed reducing door, the heavy slide way is provided with the heavy elastic speed reducing door, and the weight of the light elastic speed reducing door is less than that of the heavy elastic speed reducing door; the light slideway 1 can limit the weight of the escaper below 60KG, and the heavy slideway 2 can limit the weight of the escaper above 55 KG.

Specifically, the light slide way is painted with pink, the top is provided with a deer head, the heavy slide way is painted with green or blue, the top is provided with a faucet, the light elastic speed reducing door is sprayed with strawberry cake patterns, and the heavy elastic speed reducing door is sprayed with watermelon patterns. This design can be separated the fleet of different weights, has showing the promotion to fleet person collision security. The elastic working slideway 100 and the elastic speed reducing door 300 are respectively decorated with different colors, patterns and heads to distinguish the weight, not only beautify the appearance, but also help the escaper to quickly identify the slideway.

The elastic working slideway 100 on each layer is cut off at the lower half part of the inner side to be used as a slideway access 101, a rotary pull ring 400 is arranged at the slideway access 101, the rotary pull ring 400 comprises a central shaft 401, the central shaft 401 is fixed above the slideway access 101 on each layer, and four pull rings 402 which are vertically arranged are arranged on the periphery of the central shaft 401. When the escaper arrives at the selected floor and needs to get off, the pull ring 402 is pulled by both hands, the escaper rotates along with the pull ring 402 to complete the self horizontal displacement, and then the escaper loosens the hands to leave the slideway, so as to realize the free getting off at any floor, as shown in fig. 6.

In order to solve the problem of vertigo of the escaper caused by long-time unidirectional rotation, the elastic acting slide way 100 is connected with a negative-positive fish reversing slide way by rotating a plurality of circles from top to bottom in the same direction, so that the slide way reversing is realized in the same vertical space, the anti-vertigo problem is solved, and the design aesthetic feeling and the building space utilization rate are considered. The particular ramp 100 and stair 200 layout design, seen in the front and top views of three levels near the inverted ramp, is shown in fig. 7.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A barrier-free escape system for high-rise buildings is characterized by comprising a plurality of vertical evacuation areas and horizontal evacuation channels which penetrate from the top floor to the bottom floor of the building;

2 elastic acting slide ways (100) and 1 anti-dizziness stair (200) are arranged in the vertical evacuation area;

the elastic acting slide way (100) is connected with a reverse slide way after rotating for a plurality of circles in the same direction from top to bottom, so that the direction of the slide way in the same vertical space is reversed, and the inner wall of the elastic acting slide way (100) is coated with a super-smooth coating;

a plurality of fireproof doors are arranged in the vertical evacuation area of each floor, and a vertically drooping elastic speed reduction door (300) is arranged on a ceiling right above each elastic working slide way (100) of each floor;

the lower half part of the inner side handrail of the elastic acting slide way (100) on each layer is cut off to form a gap which is a slide way inlet and outlet (101), and a rotary pull ring (400) is arranged at the slide way inlet and outlet (101);

the elastic working slide way (100) extends to an empty ground or underground air-raid shelter outside the 1-storey building, the tail end of the elastic working slide way (100) is connected with a standing position outlet (102), and a cushion pad is arranged at the tail end of the standing position outlet (102);

2. The barrier-free escape system of claim 1, wherein the elastic power slide (100) penetrates from the top floor to the bottom floor of the building, and the elastic power slide (100) is a concave-shaped open slide and forms an included angle of 60 degrees with the horizontal plane.

3. The barrier-free escape system for high-rise buildings according to claim 1, wherein 2 elastic power-operated chutes (100) are divided into 1 light chute and 1 heavy chute, the weight of the elastic speed-reducing door (300) installed on the light chute is smaller than that of the elastic speed-reducing door (300) installed on the heavy chute, the light chute is used by the escapers with the weight smaller than 60KG, and the heavy chute is used by the escapers with the weight larger than 55 KG.

4. The barrier-free escape system of the high-rise building according to claim 1, wherein the elastic working slideway (100) on the upper layer of the building is covered on the elastic working slideway (100) on the lower layer, and the length of the overlapping area of the elastic working slideway (100) on the upper layer of the building and the elastic working slideway (100) on the lower layer is more than or equal to 20 cm; the elastic working slide way (100) on the upper layer of the building and the elastic working slide way (100) on the lower layer of the building are fixedly connected through screws and adhesives, and each layer of elastic working slide way (100) is provided with a base which is fixed on the floor.

5. The barrier-free escape system for high-rise buildings according to claim 1, wherein the vertical evacuation area is a cylindrical space penetrating from the top floor to the bottom floor of the building, the vertical evacuation area of each floor is provided with a fire door, a fire extinguisher, a horn and a panoramic monitoring camera are arranged inside the vertical evacuation area of each floor, and each outer wall surface of the vertical evacuation area is provided with a shutter.

6. The barrier-free escape system of claim 1, wherein the elastic speed-reducing door (300) comprises a hook (301), a steel skeleton (302) and an elastic layer (305) of latex wrapped outside the steel skeleton (302); the top of steel skeleton (302) is equipped with pivot (303), couple (301) are installed on the ceiling, pivot (303) hang on couple (301).

7. The high-rise building barrier-free escape system according to claim 1, wherein the elastic speed reduction door (300) has a 30-60 ° fan-shaped structure, and the elastic speed reduction door (300) has 5-6 vertexes; the elastic working slideway (100) is characterized in that a vertical rectangular plane used for sealing the elastic working slideway (100) is formed by 4 vertexes, and in addition, 1-2 vertexes are arranged at one end far away from the rectangular plane and provided with a latex hemisphere (304).

8. The barrier-free escape system for high-rise buildings according to claim 1, wherein the rotary pull ring (400) comprises a central shaft (401) and pull rings (402), the central shaft (401) is fixed above the chute entrance (101) of the elastic working chute (100) of each floor, and four pull rings (402) are arranged at the periphery of the central shaft (401) and are perpendicular to each other.

9. The barrier-free escape system for high-rise buildings according to claim 1, wherein the anti-glare stairway (200) penetrates from the top floor to the bottom floor of the building and is arranged close to the wall surface, two corners divide the anti-glare stairway (200) into three sections, and the ratio of the length of the stairway is 1: 2: 1, the rotating direction of the anti-dizziness stair (200) is always the same as that of the 2 elastic acting slideways (100) on the same layer.