CN110773412B - Sorting device for walnut in literature - Google Patents
Sorting device for walnut in literature Download PDFInfo
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- CN110773412B CN110773412B CN201911189391.5A CN201911189391A CN110773412B CN 110773412 B CN110773412 B CN 110773412B CN 201911189391 A CN201911189391 A CN 201911189391A CN 110773412 B CN110773412 B CN 110773412B
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- conveyor belt
- walnut
- belt
- casting
- walnuts
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- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 96
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 title 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 241000758791 Juglandaceae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000758789 Juglans Species 0.000 claims description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 241000305527 Juglans cathayensis Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000014075 Juglans mandschurica Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013527 bean curd Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000976416 Isatis tinctoria subsp. canescens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/10—Screens in the form of endless moving bands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B2201/00—Details applicable to machines for screening using sieves or gratings
- B07B2201/04—Multiple deck screening devices comprising one or more superimposed screens
Landscapes
- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a sorting device for walnuts in a text game, and belongs to the technical field of machinery. The sorting device comprises a frame and a filtering and selecting mechanism arranged on the frame, wherein the filtering and selecting mechanism comprises a plurality of conveying belts, each conveying belt is overlapped from top to bottom, and the specific mode is as follows: the turning radius of each conveyor belt is sequentially reduced from outside to inside, and the conveyor belt with smaller turning radius is wrapped by the conveyor belt with larger turning radius; the conveyer belt is provided with a plurality of leak holes, and the aperture of the leak holes on each conveyer belt is sequentially reduced from outside to inside; both sides of each conveying belt are provided with baffle plates fixed on the frame; except for the blanking plates corresponding to the innermost conveyor belt, a blocking plate is arranged above each other blanking plate and is fixed on the frame, and the blocking plate is close to the lower surface of the conveyor belt above the frame; a plurality of stirring rods are connected between two baffles on two sides of the same conveying belt; the frame is provided with a casting mechanism corresponding to each blanking plate one by one. The invention has the advantages of simple structure and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machinery, and relates to a sorting device for walnuts.
Background
The literary and interactive Chinese walnut has very good literary and interactive value, the similarity of the literary and interactive Chinese walnut sold in pairs is very important, in addition, a pair of literary and interactive Chinese walnut is good and bad, firstly, bone is seen, bone is good, oiliness is enough, the cortex density of the literary and interactive Chinese walnut is quite good, the literary and interactive Chinese walnut is quite light, hands are not pressed, the literary and interactive Chinese walnut is not mature, the oiliness of the literary and interactive Chinese walnut is insufficient, the density is not great, and the disk value is not high.
In the sorting process of the paired walnuts, the walnuts with similar densities are selected from the walnuts with equivalent sizes to be classified, and the manufacturers and the purchasing manufacturers of the literary and playing walnuts need to sort the walnuts well, and price the walnuts with equivalent sizes and densities so as to facilitate the sales of the walnuts.
The existing mode is manual operation, which not only easily causes different judging standards of selection, but also has larger size range of classified walnuts, and in the process of processing the walnut, the problem of in-place processing or excessive processing is easily caused, particularly in the mechanical grinding and polishing process, and furthermore, the manual selection has high cost, large difficulty and difficult classification and pricing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of the prior art and provide a sorting device for playing walnuts, which aims to solve the technical problems of simply and conveniently sorting walnuts with different sizes and sorting walnuts with the same size and different densities through each throwing mechanism.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a selection device of walnut is played to literary composition, its characterized in that, this selection device includes the frame, sets up the selection mechanism that strains in the frame, it includes a plurality of conveyer belts to strain selection mechanism, and each conveyer belt is from top to bottom superpose, and the concrete mode is: the turning radius of each conveyor belt is sequentially reduced from outside to inside, and the conveyor belt with smaller turning radius is wrapped by the conveyor belt with larger turning radius;
one end of each conveyor belt is respectively pulled by a driving roller, the other end of the conveyor belt positioned at the innermost side is pulled by a driven roller, gaps between adjacent conveyor belts at one end of the driven roller are supported by a plurality of supporting blocks fixed on a bracket, and the outer side and the inner side of each supporting block are respectively and rotatably connected with idler wheels;
the conveyer belt is provided with a plurality of leak holes, and the aperture of the leak holes on each conveyer belt is sequentially reduced from outside to inside;
each conveyer belt is correspondingly provided with a blanking plate fixed on the frame, the blanking plate of the innermost conveyer belt is positioned between the channel roller and the driven roller, and the blanking plates of the conveyer belts of other layers are positioned between the driving roller of the conveyer belt and the driving roller of the conveyer belt on the inner side of the conveyer belt; the tail end of the conveying belt at the outermost layer is also provided with blanking plates, so that the blanking plates are positioned in the same plane and are distributed at intervals in sequence from large to small according to the filtering diameter;
both sides of each conveying belt are provided with baffle plates fixed on the frame; except for the blanking plates corresponding to the innermost conveyor belt, a blocking plate is arranged above each other blanking plate, the blocking plates are fixed on the frame, and the blocking plates are close to the lower surface of the conveyor belt above the blocking plates; a plurality of stirring rods are connected between two baffles on two sides of the same conveying belt;
the frame is provided with a casting mechanism corresponding to each blanking plate one by one.
The steps for sorting walnuts with different sizes are as follows:
the first step: slowly putting the beancurd sheets and cleaned walnuts on the outermost layer of conveyor belts, putting the beancurd sheets and cleaned walnuts on one end of the outermost layer, which is close to the driving roller, and running each conveyor belt for a period of time in a direction away from the driving roller, so that the walnut which cannot be filtered through the filter holes on the conveyor belt can fall onto the next layer of conveyor belt by the conveyor belt on the outermost layer of conveyor belts, and under the limiting effect of the baffle plate and the supporting block, the walnut which cannot be filtered through the corresponding conveyor belt or cannot be filtered through the corresponding conveyor belt due to stacking is positioned on one side, away from the driving roller, of the conveyor belt;
and a second step of: the blanking is suspended, except the outermost layer of conveying belts, all layers of conveying belts sequentially and reversely run from inside to outside, and when one conveying belt reversely runs, the other conveying belts keep the initial running direction;
and a third step of: after the second step, each conveyor belt on the inner side of the conveyor belt which runs in the reverse direction for the last time runs in the reverse direction sequentially from outside to inside, and when one conveyor belt runs in the reverse direction, the other conveyor belts keep the initial running direction; according to the control rule of the third step, the times of the reverse running of the inner layer conveyor belt in any two adjacent conveyor belts are more than the times of the reverse running of the outer layer conveyor belt adjacent to the inner layer conveyor belt;
fourth step: repeating the first step to the third step to finish the size-based sorting process of the walnuts.
The above step description process is based on the situation that the number of the conveying belt layers is large, taking three layers as examples: the method comprises the steps of firstly discharging to the outermost layer, enabling all conveying belts to move in a direction far away from a driving roller for a period of time, enabling the moving direction to be called positive moving, otherwise, enabling the conveying belts to move in a reverse direction, stopping discharging when stacking conditions exist on all the conveying belts, enabling the third layer to move in the reverse direction for a period of time, enabling the outermost layer and the middle layer to move in the positive direction in the process, enabling the second layer to move in the reverse direction for a period of time after all walnuts on the third layer are separated from the conveying belts, enabling the first layer and the third layer to move in the positive direction, enabling the innermost layer to move in the reverse direction after stacked walnuts do not exist on the second layer, and enabling other layers to move in the same positive direction.
Although the steps are relatively complicated, through program control and the cooperation of initial blanking amount, accurate sorting can be realized, and the specific sorting principle is as follows:
in the process that all conveyer belts are operated forward, the walnut receives supporting shoe and baffle effect, the walnut that can not filter corresponding filter aperture piles up between the adjacent conveyer belt of keeping away from drive roller one side, the outer conveyer belt is because length is longer, the walnut that can not filter the filter aperture gets into corresponding flitch, when the inner reverse operation of layer, stirring rod drives piled walnut dispersion, make tiling once more, on the flitch that can get into the inner conveyer belt corresponds through the walnut of filter aperture, on the flitch that can not filtered gets into its upper conveyer belt corresponds, the inner layer reverse operation of time, the walnut that filters the inner conveyer belt gets into again on the inner conveyer belt of layer, need the inner conveyer belt again reverse to carry out the selection, so, the third step of above-mentioned step is in order to ensure that all the walnut that filters again can carry out the selection, when all conveyer belts do not have the walnut, unloading again, so repeatedly, can carry out accurate selection to all walts.
The whole structure is very simple, the size is small, each conveyer belt is stacked, and each blanking plate is positioned in the conveyer belt.
The conveyer belt can be the level, also can make one side of drive roller decline certain angle, and the setting of supporting shoe can ensure that the walnut can not press from both sides between the adjacent conveyer belt that is close to driven roller one end.
After the contracts with different diameters are classified, the contracts enter corresponding throwing mechanisms from respective blanking plates, the throwing mechanisms can be of existing structures, such as a cylinder with an opening facing upwards and forwards, a sliding plate is connected in the cylinder in a sliding mode, a spring is connected to the bottom of the cylinder, and the walnut can compress the spring after falling into the spring and throw out the cylinder under the action of restoring force of the spring.
Further, the conveying belt is made of transparent soft plastic.
The conveyer belt of transparent material can observe the state of walnut on the conveyer belt by the operating personnel respectively to in good time adjust the operating parameter of conveyer belt.
In the sorting device for the walnut, a plurality of limiting strips are arranged on the outer side face of the conveying belt, and the limiting strips are arranged along the running direction of the conveying belt.
The limiting strips can enable the walnuts to move along the track in the rolling process and the reverse driving process, so that the filtering efficiency is improved, and the blocking of the filtering holes caused by the fact that the cross sections of the filtering holes are shared by a plurality of walnuts is reduced.
In the sorting device for the walnut, one end of the blanking plate is inclined to one side perpendicular to the running direction of the conveying belt, so that an inclination angle smaller than 20 degrees is formed between the plane of the blanking plate and the plane of the conveying belt.
In the sorting device for the walnut playing, the ejection mechanism comprises an ejection cylinder, a driving motor, a power supply, an armature column and an impact head, wherein the driving motor is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the ejection cylinder, a permanent magnet strip with the magnetic pole direction coincident with the axis of the ejection cylinder is wound on the armature column, the armature column is fixedly arranged in the ejection cylinder, the impact head is slidably connected to the front end of the ejection cylinder, the front end of the ejection cylinder is provided with an opening, the impact head is connected with the armature column through a reset spring, an output shaft of the driving motor is rotationally connected in the armature column, a first combining disc is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor, a second combining disc with the magnetic pole direction coincident with the axis of the ejection cylinder is fixedly arranged in the impact head, two arc-shaped contact strips are arranged on the second combining disc in a circumferential direction, two ends of the power coil are respectively and electrically connected with two contact strips, the two contact strips have the same radius, one combining disc is provided with two symmetrical contact strips, and the two contact strips can be respectively connected with the positive and negative poles and the two contact strips are respectively, and the two contact strips are electrically connected with the power supply; the throwing barrel is provided with a feeding hole, and the impact head can seal the feeding hole when moving to the limit position close to one end of the opening of the throwing barrel.
The driving motor is a miniature motor, only the first combining disc needs to be driven, the driving force and the noise are relatively small, the driving motor is used for driving the first combining disc and the second combining disc to move relatively, in the process of relative movement of the first combining disc and the second combining disc, the energizing direction of the energizing coil is intermittently adjusted due to the switching of the contact spring and the contact, when one end of the armature pole, which is close to the striking head, is opposite to one end, which is opposite to the permanent magnet strip in the striking head, of the armature pole, the striking head receives the adsorption force in the direction of the armature pole, the restoring spring is compressed, the striking head vacates a blanking section of a feeding hole, the walnut enters the casting cylinder, and when the current direction of the energizing coil is switched, one end, which is close to the striking head, of the armature pole is opposite to the permanent magnet strip in the striking head, of the armature pole is homopolar, the striking head receives the repulsive force given by the armature pole, and the restoring force of the restoring spring is added, so that the striking head moves towards the opening direction of the casting cylinder, and the walnut in the casting cylinder is driven to cast the casting cylinder.
The rotating speed of the driving motor is controlled, so that the time for the impact head to vacate the blanking section of the feeding opening is proper, only one walnut or no walnut can enter the casting cylinder once, in principle, a certain probability is rather provided that the walnut cannot be normally entered, and a plurality of walnuts can not be caused once, so that the corresponding relation between the casting distance and the quality of the walnut is ensured in the casting process.
The impact head is pulled in and driven by switching the current direction of the electrified coil, the pulling force born by the impact head is changed from small to large in the pulling process, and the impact head cannot be contacted with the armature pole under the action of the reset spring, so that impact force on walnut is avoided when the armature pole is contacted with the impact head, and a gap is reserved between the walnut and the impact head when the impact head instantaneously slides to the opening direction of the casting cylinder, thereby influencing the casting distance and the grading precision; in the process that the impact head is far away from the armature column, the driving force born by the impact head is changed from large to small, and the impact head carries the walnut to throw out more intensity by matching with the characteristic that the pulling force of the impact head when the impact head is close to the armature column is changed from small to large, and the walnut is worn by the impact head less.
The whole casting mechanism is very simple in structure, the control mode is also very simple, the whole size is small, a plurality of casting mechanisms work simultaneously, and the sorting efficiency is greatly improved.
In the sorting device for the walnut, one end of the striking head, which is close to the armature column, is provided with an annular step, and one end of the return spring, which is close to the striking head, is connected to the annular step.
The arrangement of the annular steps can reduce the minimum distance between the armature column and the impact head while keeping the longer deformation length of the return spring, so that the driving force for throwing out the walnut is not weakened.
In the sorting device for the walnut game, one end of the striking head, which is close to the opening of the casting cylinder, is provided with a sheath, the outline of the sheath is matched with the inner cavity of the casting cylinder, the sheath is provided with a notch, and the notch can be aligned with the feeding port; the device is characterized in that a jack is formed in the armature column, a guide rod inserted in the jack is fixedly arranged on the impact head, a protrusion is arranged on the guide rod, a thread groove is formed in the inner wall of the jack, and the rotation angle of the impact head is 80-120 degrees in the process that the protrusion moves from one end of the thread groove to the other end of the thread groove.
In the in-process that the impact head moved in the projection section of thick bamboo, the opening cross-section of feed opening changes, if the impact head only rectilinear movement, there is the walnut by the centre gripping between impact head and feed opening risk, in order to avoid this problem, improve the pan feeding precision, make the impact head attach the rotary motion of certain angle in rectilinear movement, thereby make the impact head when opening the feed opening and closing the feed opening, can drive the walnut because the rotation of impact head, to the walnut that will get into promptly, can be more smooth and easy in the entering sheath because of the rotation of impact head, to the walnut that probably causes the impact head card dead, can drive its motion path that leaves the impact head because of the rotation of impact head, protect the walnut on the one hand, on the other hand can improve the pan feeding precision.
The existence of sheath can avoid dust and impurity to get into in the gap between striking head and the projection section of thick bamboo, moreover, can avoid striking head slip in-process, striking head and the relative motion of projection section of thick bamboo cause the running resistance to the walnut, make the walnut not receive wearing and tearing, the walnut is also relatively stable with the contact position of striking head when throwing.
In the sorting device for the walnuts, a feeding hopper is arranged at the feeding opening of each throwing cylinder, and the opening of the feeding hopper is positioned below the corresponding blanking plate.
In the sorting device for the walnut game, one end of the casting cylinder, provided with the opening, faces upwards, and an inclination angle of 5-30 degrees is formed between the axis of the casting cylinder and the horizontal plane.
The throwing cylinders are distributed in an inclined angle, so that the walnut can be kept in contact with the end part of the impacting head in the returning process of the impacting head, the acting force on the walnut is more direct when the impacting head drives the walnut to throw out, the action of each throwing mechanism is more uniform, and the sorting precision is improved.
In the sorting device for the walnuts, the axes of the casting cylinders are positioned in the same plane.
In the sorting process, variables are reduced as much as possible, the density of the walnut can be directly judged according to the throwing distance, the throwing cylinders are positioned in the same plane, and the throwing distance can be more directly related to the density of the walnut.
In the sorting device for the walnut, an adjusting sleeve is inserted into the sheath, and a feeding opening corresponding to the notch is formed in the adjusting sleeve.
The specifications of each throwing mechanism are uniform, however, after the walnut with different size enters, the contact position of the walnut with different size and the impacting head is different, and the following is accurate: the distance between the contact positions of the walnut with different sizes and the striking head and the axis of the striking head is different, the impact force of casting can be influenced, the casting distance and the casting path can be influenced, and in order to eliminate the situation, the adjusting sleeves with different thicknesses are rotated aiming at the casting mechanisms corresponding to the walnut with different sizes so as to adjust the contact positions of the walnut and the striking head to be positioned at the axis position of the striking head.
In the sorting device for the walnut game, a plurality of receiving boxes are arranged in front of each casting cylinder, and the receiving boxes corresponding to the same casting cylinder are positioned on the same straight line.
The receiving boxes at different positions are utilized to receive the thrown walnuts so as to classify and pack the walnuts, soft materials such as fine sand are arranged at the bottom of the receiving boxes, the walnuts are prevented from being ejected after entering, and the walnuts are protected.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure of the present sorting apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the projectile mechanism.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the size sorting mechanism.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the first and second bonding disks.
In the figure, 11, a rack; 12. a conveyor belt; 121. a limit bar; 122. a leak hole; 13. a driving roller; 14. a passive roller; 15. a support block; 16. a roller; 17. a blanking plate; 18. a baffle; 181. a stirring rod; 19. a closure plate; 21. a casting cylinder; 211. a feed inlet; 212. an annular step; 213. a sheath; 22. a driving motor; 23. an armature column; 231. a jack; 232. a guide rod; 233. a protrusion; 234. a thread groove; 24. an impact head; 241. a permanent magnet strip; 25. a power-on coil; 26. a return spring; 27. a first combination disk; 271. a contact; 28. a second combination disk; 281. a contact strip; 3. feeding into a hopper; 4. and (5) adjusting the sleeve.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the sorting device comprises a frame 11, and a filtering mechanism arranged on the frame 11, wherein the filtering mechanism comprises a plurality of conveying belts 12, and each conveying belt 12 is overlapped from top to bottom, and the specific mode is as follows: the turning radius of each conveyor belt 12 is sequentially reduced from outside to inside, and the conveyor belt 12 with smaller turning radius is wrapped by the conveyor belt 12 with larger turning radius;
one end of each conveyer belt 12 is respectively pulled by a driving roller 13, the other end of the conveyer belt 12 positioned at the innermost side is pulled by a driven roller 14, a gap between adjacent conveyer belts 12 at one end of the driven roller 14 is supported by a plurality of supporting blocks 15 fixed on a bracket, and the outer side and the inner side of the supporting blocks 15 are respectively and rotatably connected with idler wheels 16;
the conveyer belts 12 are provided with a plurality of leak holes 122, and the aperture of the leak holes 122 on each conveyer belt 12 is sequentially reduced from outside to inside;
each conveyor belt 12 is correspondingly provided with a blanking plate 17 fixed on the frame 11, the blanking plate 17 of the conveyor belt 12 which is the innermost layer is positioned between the channel roller and the driven roller 14, and the blanking plate 17 of the conveyor belt 12 of other layers is positioned between the driving roller 13 of the conveyor belt 12 and the driving roller 13 of the conveyor belt 12 on the inner side; the tail end of the conveying belt 12 at the outermost layer is also provided with blanking plates 17, so that the blanking plates 17 are positioned in the same plane and are distributed at intervals in sequence from large to small according to the filtering diameter;
both sides of each conveyor belt 12 are provided with baffle plates 18 fixed on the frame 11; except for the blanking plates 17 corresponding to the innermost conveyor belt 12, a blocking plate 19 is arranged above each blanking plate 17, the blocking plates 19 are fixed on the frame 11, and the blocking plates 19 are close to the lower surface of the conveyor belt 12 above; a plurality of stirring rods 181 are connected between two baffles 18 on two sides of the same conveyor belt 12;
the frame 11 is provided with a casting mechanism corresponding to each blanking plate 17 one by one.
The steps for sorting walnuts with different sizes are as follows:
the first step: slowly placing the walnut with the beancurd sheets and cleaned from the outermost layer of conveying belts 12, placing the walnut from one end of the outermost layer, which is close to the driving roller 13, and running each conveying belt 12 for a period of time in a direction away from the driving roller 13, so that the walnut which cannot be filtered through the filter holes on the conveying belt 12 can drop onto the next layer of conveying belt 12 by the outermost layer of conveying belt 12, and the walnut which cannot be filtered through the corresponding conveying belt 12 or cannot be filtered through the corresponding conveying belt 12 due to stacking is positioned on one side, away from the driving roller 13, of the conveying belt 12 under the limiting action of the baffle 18 and the supporting block 15;
and a second step of: the blanking is suspended, all layers of conveyer belts 12 are sequentially and reversely operated from inside to outside except the outermost layer of conveyer belt 12, and when one conveyer belt 12 reversely operates, the other conveyer belts 12 keep the initial operation direction;
and a third step of: after the second step, each conveyor belt 12 on the inner side of the conveyor belt 12 that runs in the reverse direction for the last time runs in the reverse direction from outside to inside in sequence, and when one conveyor belt 12 runs in the reverse direction, the other conveyor belt 12 maintains the original running direction; according to the control law of the third step, the times of the reverse running of the inner layer conveyer belt 12 in any two adjacent conveyer belts 12 are more than the times of the reverse running of the outer layer conveyer belt 12 adjacent to the inner layer conveyer belt 12;
fourth step: repeating the first step to the third step to finish the size-based sorting process of the walnuts.
The above step description process is based on the situation that the number of layers of the conveyer belt 12 is more, taking three layers as an example: firstly, blanking is carried out to the outermost layer, each conveying belt 12 runs for a period of time in a direction far away from the driving roller 13, the running direction is called forward running, otherwise, reverse running is carried out, when stacking conditions exist on each conveying belt 12, blanking is suspended, the third layer runs for a period of time in the reverse direction, in the process, the outermost layer and the middle layer run in the forward direction, after all walnuts on the third layer are separated from the conveying belts 12, the second layer runs for a period of time in the reverse direction, the first layer and the third layer run in the forward direction, and after no stacked walnuts exist on the second layer, the innermost layer runs in the reverse direction, and the other layers run in the forward direction.
Although the steps are relatively complicated, through program control and the cooperation of initial blanking amount, accurate sorting can be realized, and the specific sorting principle is as follows:
in the forward running process of all conveying belts 12, the walnuts which cannot be filtered through the corresponding filter holes are piled up between the adjacent conveying belts 12 far away from one side of the driving roller 13 under the action of the supporting blocks 15 and the baffle 18, the walnut which cannot be filtered through the filter holes enters the corresponding blanking plate 17 due to the longer length of the outermost conveying belt 12, when the innermost layer runs reversely, the stirring rod 181 drives the piled walnuts to be dispersed, so that the piled walnuts are paved again, the walnut which can pass through the filter holes enters the blanking plate 17 corresponding to the inner conveying belt 12, the walnut which cannot be filtered enters the blanking plate 17 corresponding to the upper conveying belt 12, the next inner layer runs reversely, the walnut which is filtered through the next inner conveying belt 12 enters the innermost conveying belt 12 again, and the innermost conveying belt 12 is required to be selected reversely again.
The whole structure is very simple, the size is small, each conveyor belt 12 is stacked, and each blanking plate 17 is positioned therein.
The conveyer belt 12 can be horizontal, also can make one side of drive roller 13 decline certain angle, and the setting of supporting shoe 15 can ensure that the walnut can not insert between the adjacent conveyer belt 12 near passive roller 14 one end.
After sorting and classifying the contracts with different diameters, the contracts enter corresponding throwing mechanisms from the respective blanking plates 17, the throwing mechanisms can be of existing structures, such as cylinders with openings facing upwards and forwards, sliding plates are connected in the cylinders in a sliding mode, springs are connected to the bottoms of the sliding plates and the cylinders, and the walnut can compress the springs after falling into the springs and throw out the cylinders under the action of restoring force of the springs.
Further, the conveyor belt 12 is made of transparent soft plastic.
The transparent conveyer belt 12 can be used for respectively observing the states of walnuts on the conveyer belt 12 by operators so as to timely adjust the operation parameters of the conveyer belt 12.
The outer side surface of the conveying belt 12 is provided with a plurality of limiting strips 121, and the limiting strips 121 are arranged along the running direction of the conveying belt 12. The limiting strips 121 can enable the walnuts to move along the track in the rolling process and the reverse driving process, so that the filtering efficiency is improved, and the blocking of the filtering holes caused by the fact that the cross sections of the filtering holes are shared by a plurality of walnuts is reduced.
One end of the blanking plate 17 is inclined to one side perpendicular to the running direction of the conveyer belt 12, so that an inclination angle smaller than 20 degrees is formed between the plane of the blanking plate 17 and the plane of the conveyer belt 12.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the casting mechanism comprises a casting cylinder 21, a driving motor 22, a power supply, an armature column 23 and an impact head 24, wherein the driving motor 22 is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the casting cylinder 21, an electrifying coil 25 is wound on the armature column 23, the armature column 23 is fixedly arranged in the casting cylinder 21, the impact head 24 is slidingly connected to the front end of the casting cylinder 21, the front end of the casting cylinder 21 is opened, the impact head 24 is connected with the armature column 23 through a return spring 26, an output shaft of the driving motor 22 is rotationally connected in the armature column 23, a first combining disk 27 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor 22, a second combining disk 28 parallel to the first combining disk 27 is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the armature column 23, a permanent magnet bar 241 with the magnetic pole direction coincident with the axis of the casting cylinder 21 is arranged in the impact head 24, two arc-shaped contact bars 281 are arranged on the second combining disk 28, two ends of the electrifying coil 25 are respectively electrically connected with the two contact bars 281, the two contact bars 281 have the same radius, the first combining disk 27 is provided with two symmetrical contact bars 271, and the two positive and negative contacts 271 are respectively connected with the power supply; the throwing cylinder 21 is provided with a feeding hole 211, and the striking head 24 can block the feeding hole 211 when moving to a limit position near one end of the opening of the throwing cylinder 21.
The driving motor 22 is a micro motor, only the first combining disc 27 is required to be driven, the driving force and the noise are relatively small, the driving motor 22 is used for driving the first combining disc 27 and the second combining disc 28 to move relatively, in the process of the relative movement of the first combining disc 27 and the second combining disc 28, the energizing direction of the energizing coil 25 is intermittently adjusted due to the switching of the contact spring and the contact 271, when the armature column 23 is close to one end of the striking head 24 and opposite to one end of the permanent magnet bar 241 in the striking head 24, the striking head 24 receives the adsorption force in the direction of the armature column 23 to compress the return spring 26, the striking head 24 is enabled to make the blanking section of the charging hole 211 pass through, the walnut enters the casting cylinder 21, when the energizing coil 25 is switched in the current direction of the armature column 23 is close to one end of the striking head 24 and opposite to the permanent magnet bar 241 in the striking head 24, the striking head 24 receives the repulsive force given by the armature column 23, and the restoring force of the return spring 26 is added to enable the striking head 24 to move towards the opening direction of the casting cylinder 21, so that the walnut in the casting cylinder 21 is driven to be cast out.
The rotation speed of the driving motor 22 is controlled, so that the time for the striking head 24 to make the discharge port 211 discharge the material is proper, only one walnut or no walnut can enter the casting cylinder 21 once, in principle, a certain probability is rather provided that the walnut cannot normally enter the walnut, and a plurality of walnuts can not enter once, so that the corresponding relation between the casting distance and the quality of the walnut is ensured in the casting process.
The current direction of the electrified coil 25 is switched, so that the impact head 24 is drawn in and driven, in the drawing process, the tensile force born by the impact head 24 is changed from small to large, the impact head 24 cannot be contacted with the armature column 23 under the action of the return spring 26, the impact force on walnut is avoided when the armature column 23 is contacted with the impact head 24, and when the impact head 24 instantaneously slides to the opening direction of the casting drum 21, a gap is reserved between the walnut and the impact head 24, so that the casting distance is influenced, and the sorting precision is influenced; in the process that the impact head 24 is far away from the armature column 23, the driving force born by the impact head 24 is changed from large to small, and the impact head 24 carries the walnut to throw out more strongly and the walnut is abraded less by the impact head 24 by matching with the characteristic that the pulling force of the impact head 24 when approaching to the armature column 23 is changed from small to large.
The whole casting mechanism is very simple in structure, the control mode is also very simple, the whole size is small, a plurality of casting mechanisms work simultaneously, and the sorting efficiency is greatly improved.
The end of the striker 24 adjacent to the armature post 23 has an annular step 212, and the end of the return spring 26 adjacent to the striker 24 is connected to the annular step 212. The arrangement of the annular step 212 can reduce the minimum distance between the armature post 23 and the striking head 24 while maintaining the longer deformation length of the return spring 26, so that the driving force for throwing out the walnut is not weakened.
The end of the striking head 24, which is close to the opening of the casting cylinder 21, is provided with a sheath 213, the outline of the sheath 213 is matched with the inner cavity of the casting cylinder 21, the sheath 213 is provided with a notch, and the notch can be aligned with the feeding hole 211; the armature column 23 is internally provided with a jack 231, the impact head 24 is fixedly provided with a guide rod 232 inserted in the jack 231, the guide rod 232 is provided with a protrusion 233, the inner wall of the jack 231 is provided with a thread groove 234, and the rotation angle of the impact head 24 is 80-120 degrees in the process that the protrusion 233 moves from one end of the thread groove 234 to the other end.
In the process that the impact head 24 moves in the casting barrel 21, the opening section of the blanking port changes, if the impact head 24 only moves linearly, the risk that walnut is clamped between the impact head 24 and the blanking port exists, in order to avoid the problem, feeding precision is improved, the impact head 24 is enabled to move linearly while carrying a certain angle of rotation through the matching of the thread grooves 234 and the protrusions 233, so that the impact head 24 can drive the walnut due to the rotation of the impact head 24 when the blanking port is opened and the blanking port is closed, the walnut which enters the walnut can enter the sheath 213 more smoothly due to the rotation of the impact head 24, the walnut possibly causing the blocking of the impact head 24 is protected on one hand, and the feeding precision is improved on the other hand because the rotation of the impact head 24 can drive the walnut to leave the movement path of the impact head 24.
The existence of the sheath 213 can avoid dust and impurities from entering the gap between the impact head 24 and the casting drum 21, and can avoid running resistance to the walnut caused by relative movement of the impact head 24 and the casting drum 21 in the sliding process of the impact head 24, so that the walnut is not worn, and the contact part between the walnut and the impact head 24 is relatively stable during casting.
A feeding hopper 3 is arranged at the feeding opening 211 of each casting cylinder 21, and an opening of the feeding hopper 3 is positioned below the corresponding blanking plate 17.
The end of the casting cylinder 21 provided with the opening faces upwards, and an inclination angle of 5-30 degrees is formed between the axis of the casting cylinder 21 and the horizontal plane. The throwing cylinders 21 are distributed in an inclined angle, so that the walnut can be kept in contact with the end part of the impacting head 24 in the returning process of the impacting head 24, the acting force on the walnut is more direct when the impacting head 24 drives the walnut to throw out, the action of each throwing mechanism is more uniform, and the sorting precision is improved.
The axes of the projectiles 21 lie in the same plane. In the sorting process, variables are reduced as much as possible, the density of the walnut can be directly judged according to the throwing distance, the throwing cylinders 21 are positioned in the same plane, and the throwing distance can be more directly related to the density of the walnut.
An adjusting sleeve 4 is inserted in the sheath 213, and a feeding hole corresponding to the notch is formed in the adjusting sleeve 4. The specifications of each throwing mechanism are uniform, however, after the walnut with different size enters, the contact position of the walnut with different size and the striking head 24 is different, and the following is accurate: the distance between the contact positions of the walnut with different sizes and the striking head 24 and the axis of the striking head 24 is different, the impact force of the casting can be influenced, the casting distance and the casting path can be influenced, in order to eliminate the situation, the adjusting sleeve 4 with different thicknesses is rotated aiming at the casting mechanisms corresponding to the walnut with different sizes, so that the contact positions of the walnut and the striking head 24 are adjusted to be positioned at the axis position of the striking head 24.
A plurality of receiving boxes are arranged in front of each casting cylinder 21, and the receiving boxes corresponding to the same casting cylinder 21 are positioned on the same straight line. The receiving boxes at different positions are utilized to receive the thrown walnuts so as to classify and pack the walnuts, soft materials such as fine sand are arranged at the bottom of the receiving boxes, the walnuts are prevented from being ejected after entering, and the walnuts are protected.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a selection device of walnut is played to literary composition, its characterized in that, this selection device includes frame (11), sets up the selection mechanism that strains on frame (11), the selection mechanism that strains includes a plurality of conveyer belts (12), and each conveyer belt (12) are from top to bottom superpose, and the concrete mode is: the turning radius of each conveyor belt (12) is sequentially reduced from outside to inside, and the conveyor belt (12) with smaller turning radius is wrapped by the conveyor belt (12) with larger turning radius;
one end of each conveyor belt (12) is respectively pulled by a driving roller (13), the other end of the conveyor belt (12) positioned at the innermost side is pulled by a driven roller (14), gaps between adjacent conveyor belts (12) at one end of the driven roller (14) are supported by a plurality of supporting blocks (15) fixed on a bracket, and the outer side and the inner side of the supporting blocks (15) are respectively and rotatably connected with idler wheels (16);
a plurality of leak holes (122) are formed in the conveying belts (12), and the aperture of the leak holes (122) in each conveying belt (12) is sequentially reduced from outside to inside;
each conveyor belt (12) is correspondingly provided with a blanking plate (17) fixed on the frame (11), the blanking plate (17) of the innermost conveyor belt (12) is positioned between the channel roller and the driven roller (14), and the blanking plates (17) of the conveyor belts (12) of other layers are positioned between the driving roller (13) of the conveyor belt (12) and the driving roller (13) of the conveyor belt (12) at the inner side; the tail end of the conveying belt (12) at the outermost layer is also provided with blanking plates (17), so that the blanking plates (17) are positioned in the same plane and are distributed at intervals in sequence from large to small according to the filtering diameter;
both sides of each conveyer belt (12) are provided with baffle plates (18) fixed on the frame (11); except for the blanking plates (17) corresponding to the innermost conveyor belt (12), a blocking plate (19) is arranged above each blanking plate (17), the blocking plates (19) are fixed on the frame (11), and the blocking plates (19) are close to the lower surface of the conveyor belt (12) above the blocking plates; a plurality of stirring rods (181) are connected between two baffles (18) at two sides of the same conveying belt (12);
the frame (11) is provided with a casting mechanism corresponding to each blanking plate (17) one by one;
the conveying belt (12) is made of transparent soft plastic; the outer side surface of the conveying belt (12) is provided with a plurality of limit strips (121), and the limit strips (121) are arranged along the running direction of the conveying belt (12);
one end of the blanking plate (17) is inclined to one side perpendicular to the running direction of the conveying belt (12), so that an inclination angle smaller than 20 degrees is formed between the plane of the blanking plate (17) and the plane of the conveying belt (12);
the casting mechanism comprises a casting cylinder (21), a driving motor (22), a power supply, an armature column (23) and a striking head (24), wherein the driving motor (22) is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the casting cylinder (21), a first connecting disc (27) is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the driving motor (22), a second connecting disc (28) parallel to the first connecting disc (27) is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the armature column (23), the striking head (24) is slidably connected at the front end of the casting cylinder (21), the front end of the casting cylinder (21) is opened, the striking head (24) is connected with the armature column (23) through a return spring (26), the output shaft of the driving motor (22) is rotationally connected in the armature column (23), permanent magnet strips (241) with the directions coincident with the axis of the casting cylinder (21) are arranged in the striking head (24), the two connecting discs (281) are uniformly distributed on the two connecting discs (281) in a radial direction, the two connecting discs (281) are uniformly connected with each other, the first connecting disc (27) is provided with two symmetrically distributed contacts (271), the two contacts (271) can respectively lean against the two contact strips (281), the two contacts (271) are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply, and the driving motor (22) is electrically connected with the power supply; the ejection cylinder (21) is provided with a feed inlet (211), and the impact head (24) can seal the feed inlet (211) when moving to a limit position close to one end of the opening of the ejection cylinder (21);
a plurality of receiving boxes are arranged in front of each casting cylinder (21), and the receiving boxes corresponding to the same casting cylinder (21) are positioned on the same straight line.
2. The sorting device for the walnuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the end of the striking head (24) close to the armature post (23) is provided with an annular step (212), and the end of the return spring (26) close to the striking head (24) is connected to the annular step (212).
3. The sorting device for the walnuts played in the literature according to claim 2, characterized in that one end of the striking head (24) close to the opening of the casting cylinder (21) is provided with a sheath (213), the outline of the sheath (213) is matched with the inner cavity of the casting cylinder (21), the sheath (213) is provided with a notch, and the notch can be aligned with the feeding hole (211); a jack (231) is formed in the armature column (23), a guide rod (232) inserted in the jack (231) is fixedly arranged on the impact head (24), a protrusion (233) is arranged on the guide rod (232), a thread groove (234) is formed in the inner wall of the jack (231), and the rotation angle of the impact head (24) is 80-120 degrees in the process that one end of the thread groove (234) moves to the other end of the protrusion.
4. A sorting device for walnuts according to claim 3, characterized in that the feed opening (211) of each casting cylinder (21) is provided with a feed hopper (3), and the opening of the feed hopper (3) is positioned below the corresponding blanking plate (17).
5. The sorting device for the walnuts played in the literature according to claim 4, wherein one end of the casting cylinder (21) provided with an opening faces upwards, and an inclination angle of 5-30 degrees is formed between the axis of the casting cylinder (21) and a horizontal plane; the axes of the casting cylinders (21) are in the same plane.
6. The sorting device for the walnuts as claimed in claim 5, wherein the sheath (213) is internally provided with an adjusting sleeve (4), and the adjusting sleeve (4) is provided with a feeding opening corresponding to the notch.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911189391.5A CN110773412B (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Sorting device for walnut in literature |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911189391.5A CN110773412B (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Sorting device for walnut in literature |
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| CN110773412B true CN110773412B (en) | 2024-03-05 |
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| WO2019174310A1 (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-19 | 青岛理工大学 | High-efficiency automated production system for walnut shell-breaking, kernel-taking and shell-kernel separation |
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| CN106076801A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-09 | 杨叙宝 | A kind of sorted fruits cleans all-in-one |
| DE102017124170A1 (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-04-18 | Grimme Landmaschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sieve belt unit for a harvester or for a Ernteguttransporteinheit, associated flap unit |
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| CN110773412A (en) | 2020-02-11 |
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