CN110762586A - Overlapping compression heat pump system - Google Patents
Overlapping compression heat pump system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110762586A CN110762586A CN201910970169.2A CN201910970169A CN110762586A CN 110762586 A CN110762586 A CN 110762586A CN 201910970169 A CN201910970169 A CN 201910970169A CN 110762586 A CN110762586 A CN 110762586A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1015—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cascade compression heat pump system, and relates to the technical field of heat pumps. High-temperature hot water above 80 ℃ can be prepared without electric heating, energy is saved, and the defrosting process is simple and convenient to control. The heat pump system comprises a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a first expansion valve and a second expansion valve, wherein the second heat exchanger comprises an outer-layer sleeve, and a first inner-layer sleeve and a second inner-layer sleeve which are arranged in the outer-layer sleeve side by side; the medium in the outer layer sleeve is a first refrigerant, the medium in the first inner layer sleeve is water, and the medium in the second inner layer sleeve is a second refrigerant; the medium in the first heat exchanger is water and a second refrigerant; the inlet of the outer-layer sleeve is connected with a main air pipe of the outdoor host machine, and the outlet of the outer-layer sleeve is connected with a main liquid pipe of the outdoor host machine to form a first refrigerant circulation loop; the compressor is connected with the first heat exchanger, the first expansion valve and the second heat exchanger in sequence to form a second refrigerant circulation loop. The invention can be used for preparing high-temperature hot water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pumps, in particular to a cascade compression heat pump system.
Background
The existing heating equipment can prepare hot water by directly burning a boiler, a wall-mounted furnace and the like, electrically heating to prepare hot water, solar energy to prepare hot water, a heat pump to prepare hot water and the like. At present, the lineThe most energy-saving and environment-friendly mode is recognized in the industry as the mode of heating water by a heat pump, so that air source heat pump products are greatly promoted at home and abroad. Because the maximum outlet water temperature of the single-stage compression heat pump on the market can only reach 55 ℃, the heat pump needs to be obtained by auxiliary heat for preparing higher outlet water temperature, but because the mode of preparing high-temperature hot water by electric auxiliary heat is not energy-saving, CO can be directly adopted2The refrigerant heat pump or the cascade compression heat pump is used for preparing hot water with the temperature of more than 80 ℃.
Due to CO2The refrigerant heat pump directly heats cold water to over 80 ℃ and CO2CO in refrigerant heat pump2For transcritical circulation, CO2The physical property of the refrigerant determines that the high-pressure of the system needs to reach 14MPa, and high-temperature hot water can be prepared, so that certain potential safety hazards exist in the using process of a user. Most of the existing cascade compression heat pumps comprise a low-pressure stage cycle and a high-pressure stage cycle. The low-pressure stage circulation and the high-pressure stage circulation share an evaporative condenser 07, the low-pressure stage circulation further comprises an outdoor main machine and a first expansion valve 08, and the outdoor main machine comprises a first compressor 01, a first four-way valve 02 and a first heat exchanger 03; an exhaust port of the first compressor 01 is communicated with a port B of the first four-way valve 02, and a port A of the first four-way valve 02 is communicated with the evaporative condenser 07; a port D of the first four-way valve 02 is communicated with an air suction port of the first compressor 01, and a port C of the first four-way valve 02 is communicated with the first heat exchanger 03. The port B of the first four-way valve 02 can be switched and communicated with the port a and the port C, respectively. The high pressure stage cycle further comprises a second compressor 04, a second four-way valve 05, a second heat exchanger 06 and a second expansion valve 09. As shown in fig. 1, when heating water, the low-pressure stage cycle first absorbs heat from outdoor air to heat a low-pressure refrigerant in the first heat exchanger 02, and the high-pressure refrigerant in the high-pressure stage cycle absorbs heat of the low-pressure refrigerant in the evaporative condenser 07, and then heats water to 80 ℃ or higher in the second heat exchanger 06. Thus, the system pressure is lower than CO2System pressure of the refrigerant heat pump. When the cascade compression heat pump heats in winter, an outdoor main machine inevitably frosts, when the defrosting condition is achieved, two heating cycles are required to be reversed into refrigeration cycles, namely, the first four-way valve 02 and the second four-way valve 05 are required to be reversed, and evaporation and condensation are carried out on the two heating cycles 07 before the four-way valves are reversedThe heat transfer direction is that the low pressure level refrigerant conducts heat and gives the high pressure level refrigerant, it conducts heat and gives the low pressure level refrigerant to be the high pressure level refrigerant after the switching-over, if two cross valves switch over simultaneously, then the refrigerant temperature of evaporative condenser 07 both sides can not take place to reverse immediately, the system is for realizing that the heat is transmitted from the high pressure level to the low pressure level, the Pd of high pressure level can rise, the Ps of low pressure level can descend, will cause system pressure to strike great like this, can shut down the protection even, therefore, the switching-over opportunity of two switching-over valves is difficult to be held, control is very complicated, lead to the defrosting process more difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a cascade compression heat pump system which can prepare high-temperature hot water with the temperature of more than 80 ℃ without electric heating, saves energy, and has simple defrosting process and convenient control.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cascade compression heat pump system, including a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a first expansion valve and a second expansion valve; the second heat exchanger comprises an outer-layer sleeve, a first inner-layer sleeve and a second inner-layer sleeve which are arranged in the outer-layer sleeve side by side; the medium in the outer layer sleeve is a first refrigerant, the medium in the first inner layer sleeve is water, and the medium in the second inner layer sleeve is a second refrigerant; the medium in the first heat exchanger is water and a second refrigerant; the first heat exchanger is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; the inlet of the outer sleeve is connected with a main air pipe of the outdoor host, and the outlet of the outer sleeve is connected with a main liquid pipe of the outdoor host through a second expansion valve to form a first refrigerant circulation loop; the water inlet is connected with a first outlet of the first pipeline switching unit, an inlet of the first inner-layer sleeve is connected with a second outlet of the first pipeline switching unit, and an inlet of the first pipeline switching unit is used for being connected with a water return pipe of a user heating pipeline; the water outlet is connected with a first inlet of the second pipeline switching unit, an outlet of the first inner layer sleeve is connected with a second inlet of the second pipeline switching unit, and an outlet of the second pipeline switching unit is used for being connected with a high-temperature water inlet pipe of a user heating pipeline; when the first pipeline switching unit and the second pipeline switching unit are switched to the first position, water in a water return pipe of a user heating pipeline can enter a high-temperature water inlet pipe of the user heating pipeline through the first heat exchanger; when the first pipeline switching unit and the second pipeline switching unit are switched to the second position, water in a water return pipe of the user heating pipeline can enter a high-temperature water inlet pipe of the user heating pipeline through the second heat exchanger.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cascade compression heat pump system which comprises a first refrigerant circulation loop, a second refrigerant circulation loop and a hot water loop. A first refrigerant circulation loop is formed among the outdoor host, the second expansion valve and the outer casing; the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the first expansion valve and the second inner-layer sleeve form a second refrigerant circulation loop; the first pipeline switching unit, the second pipeline switching unit, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger form a hot water loop. During heating, the compressor generates a second gaseous refrigerant, and the outdoor host generates a first gaseous refrigerant. The first pipeline switching unit and the second pipeline switching unit are switched to a first position, water in a water return pipe of a user heating pipeline enters the first heat exchanger to exchange heat with a second gaseous refrigerant, at the moment, the second refrigerant is condensed into a high-pressure liquid state, the high-pressure liquid second refrigerant is throttled and decompressed by the first expansion valve to form a low-pressure liquid refrigerant, the low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger to exchange heat with the first gaseous refrigerant, high-temperature refrigerant steam generated after the second refrigerant after absorbing heat enters the compressor enters the first heat exchanger to exchange heat with user water return, and the high-temperature refrigerant steam is high in temperature, so that the user water return in the first heat exchanger can be directly heated to a temperature higher than 80 ℃. During defrosting, the four-way valve in the outdoor host machine is reversed, and the outdoor host machine generates a high-pressure liquid first refrigerant. The first pipeline switching unit and the second pipeline switching unit are switched to a second position, and water in a water return pipe of a user heating pipeline enters a second heat exchanger; the high-pressure liquid first refrigerant generated by the outdoor main machine enters from the outlet of the second inner layer sleeve after being throttled and depressurized by the second expansion valve, exchanges heat with return water of a user in the second heat exchanger, and enters the outdoor main machine for defrosting after absorbing heat.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art cascade compression heat pump;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heating cycle in a high temperature zone in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dual-temperature zone heating cycle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a heating cycle of a temperature zone in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a defrost cycle in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration cycle in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides a cascade compression heat pump system including a compressor 1, a first heat exchanger 2, a second heat exchanger 3, a first expansion valve 5, and a second expansion valve 22. In order to improve the system capacity, the first expansion valve 5 and the second expansion valve 22 are both electronic expansion valves. The second heat exchanger 3 comprises an outer-layer sleeve, a first inner-layer sleeve and a second inner-layer sleeve which are arranged in the outer-layer sleeve side by side; the medium in the outer layer sleeve is a first refrigerant 25, the medium in the first inner layer sleeve is water 26, and the medium in the second inner layer sleeve is a second refrigerant 27. The media in the first heat exchanger 2 are water 26 and a second refrigerant 27. The first heat exchanger 2 is provided with a refrigerant inlet 201, a refrigerant outlet 202, a water inlet 203, and a water outlet 204. The first refrigerant and the second refrigerant are different refrigerants in order to realize heat exchange. In order to improve the performance of the refrigerant without destroying the ozone layer, the first refrigerant 25 may be R410A, and the second refrigerant 27 may be R134 a. The outer shell inlet 31 is connected to the main air pipe of the outdoor unit 28, and the outer shell outlet 32 is connected to the main air pipe of the outdoor unit 28 via the second expansion valve 22 to form a first refrigerant circulation circuit. An outlet of the compressor 1 is connected with a refrigerant inlet 201 of the first heat exchanger 2, a refrigerant outlet 202 of the first heat exchanger 2 is connected with an inlet of the first expansion valve 5, an outlet of the first expansion valve 5 is connected with an inlet 33 of the second inner sleeve, and an outlet 34 of the second inner sleeve is connected with an inlet of the compressor 1 to form a second refrigerant circulation loop. A water return pipe of a user heating pipeline is respectively connected with the water inlet 203 and the inlet 35 of the outer casing pipe through the first pipeline switching unit 29; the water outlet 204 and the outlet 36 of the outer casing are connected with a high-temperature water inlet pipe orifice of a user heating pipeline through the second pipeline switching unit 30. When the first pipeline switching unit 29 and the second pipeline switching unit 30 are switched to the first position, water in a water return pipe of a user heating pipeline can enter a high-temperature water inlet pipe of the user heating pipeline through the first heat exchanger 2; when the first pipeline switching unit 29 and the second pipeline switching unit 30 are both switched to the second position, water in the water return pipe of the user heating pipeline can enter the high-temperature water inlet pipe of the user heating pipeline through the second heat exchanger 3.
The embodiment of the invention provides a cascade compression heat pump system which comprises a first refrigerant circulation loop, a second refrigerant circulation loop and a hot water loop. A first refrigerant circulation loop is formed among the outdoor main machine 28, the second expansion valve 22 and the outer-layer sleeve; the compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 2, the first expansion valve 5 and the second inner-layer sleeve form a second refrigerant circulation loop; the first and second pipeline switching units 29 and 30 and the first and second heat exchangers 2 and 3 form a hot water circuit. During heating, the compressor 1 generates a second gaseous refrigerant, and the outdoor unit 28 generates a first gaseous refrigerant. The first pipeline switching unit 29 and the second pipeline switching unit 30 are both switched to a first position, water in a water return pipe of a user heating pipeline enters the first heat exchanger 2 to exchange heat with a second gaseous refrigerant, at the moment, the second refrigerant is condensed into a high-pressure liquid state, the high-pressure liquid second refrigerant is throttled and depressurized by the first expansion valve 5 to form a low-pressure liquid refrigerant, the low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat with the first gaseous refrigerant, the heat-absorbed second refrigerant enters the compressor 1 to generate high-temperature refrigerant steam, the high-temperature refrigerant steam enters the first heat exchanger 2 to exchange heat with user water, and the temperature of the high-temperature refrigerant steam is very high, so that the user water return in the first heat exchanger 2 can be directly heated to more than 80 ℃. During defrosting, the four-way valve in the outdoor main unit 28 is reversed, and the outdoor main unit 28 generates a high-pressure liquid first refrigerant. The first pipeline switching unit 29 and the second pipeline switching unit 30 are switched to the second position, and water in a water return pipe of a user heating pipeline enters the second heat exchanger 3; the high-pressure liquid first refrigerant generated by the outdoor main machine 28 enters from the outlet of the second inner casing after being throttled and depressurized by the second expansion valve 22, exchanges heat with return water of a user in the second heat exchanger 3, and enters the outdoor main machine 28 for defrosting after absorbing heat, the whole defrosting process only needs to make one cycle reverse, and the reversing time of the four-way valve in the reversing unit and the outdoor main machine 28 is not required, and the reversing can be performed at the same time or at different times, so that the control mode is simplified, and the problem that the existing cascade compression heat pump is difficult to defrost in winter is solved.
The hot water heating mode mainly comprises radiator heating, floor radiation heating, wall radiation heating, wind disk heating and the like, different heating modes have different requirements on water temperature, the hot water in the radiator heating mode needs to reach more than 80 ℃, the hot water temperature in the floor and wall radiation heating mode can be 35-45 ℃, the hot water temperature in the wind disk heating mode needs to be 45-60 ℃, and if a user adopts two different heating modes at home, the user can have the requirement on double temperature regions of the prepared hot water. For example, different rooms of users adopt a mode of radiator heating (high-temperature hot water at 80 ℃) plus floor heating (medium-temperature hot water at about 40 ℃), and the mode comprises a water mixing valve for mixing high-temperature hot water with return water to form medium-temperature hot water; for convenience of operation, the embodiment of the invention may further include a mixing valve 13, and for convenience of operation, an electric mixing valve may be selected. A first inlet of the water mixing valve 13 is connected with a water return pipe port of a user heating pipeline, a second inlet of the water mixing valve 13 is connected with an outlet of the second pipeline switching unit 30, and an outlet of the water mixing valve 13 is connected with a medium temperature water inlet pipe of the user heating pipeline; the water flowing through the mixing valve 13 can enter the medium temperature water inlet pipe of the user heating pipeline. Therefore, high-temperature hot water and medium-temperature hot water can be prepared simultaneously, and the requirement of a user for preparing hot water in a dual-temperature area can be met.
Because the temperature of the outlet water of the heat pump system is related to the temperature of the first refrigerant 25 entering the second heat exchanger 3 and the temperature of the second refrigerant 27 entering the first heat exchanger 2, the pipeline between the compressor 1 and the first heat exchanger 2 can be connected with the third temperature sensor 18 in series; a first temperature sensor 16 can be connected in series on a pipeline between the outer casing inlet 31 and the outdoor host 28; a second temperature sensor 17 may be connected in series with the pipeline between the outlet of the outer casing and the second expansion valve 22. During circulating heating, the first temperature sensor 16 is used for measuring the temperature of the first refrigerant 25 entering the second heat exchanger 3; during defrosting, the second temperature sensor 17 is used for measuring the temperature of the first refrigerant 25 entering the second heat exchanger 3, and in both modes, the third temperature sensor 18 can be used for measuring the temperature of the second refrigerant 27 entering the first heat exchanger 2; therefore, the temperature of the first refrigerant 25 entering the inlet of the second heat exchanger 3 and the temperature of the second refrigerant 27 entering the first heat exchanger 2 can be accurately measured, and the outlet water temperature can be favorably controlled.
Since the refrigerant may contain water and impurities, the first filter 4 may be connected in series on the line between the first heat exchanger 2 and the first expansion valve 5; a second filter 23 can be connected in series on a pipeline between the second expansion valve 22 and the second heat exchanger 3; a third filter 24 may be connected in series in a line between the second expansion valve 22 and the outdoor main unit 28. During heating, the first filter 4 is used for absorbing moisture in the second refrigerant 27 and filtering impurities in the second refrigerant 27; the second filter 23 is used for absorbing moisture in the first refrigerant 25 and filtering impurities in the first refrigerant 25. Therefore, the ice blockage and dirty blockage of the pipeline of the refrigeration system can be prevented, and the failure rate of the system is reduced. During the defrosting cycle, the first cooling medium 25 enters from the outlet 32 of the outer casing, and at this time, the third filter 24 is used for absorbing moisture in the first cooling medium 25 and filtering impurities in the first cooling medium 25. Therefore, the ice blockage and dirty blockage of the pipeline of the refrigeration system can be prevented, and the failure rate of the system is reduced.
In order to facilitate monitoring of the user heating temperature, the embodiment of the present invention may further include a fourth temperature sensor 19 connected in series between the water return pipe of the user heating pipeline and the first pipeline switching unit 29, a fifth temperature sensor 20 connected in series between the high temperature water inlet pipe orifice of the user heating pipeline and the second pipeline switching unit 30, and a sixth temperature sensor 21 connected in series between the medium temperature water inlet pipe of the user heating pipeline and the water mixing valve 13. The fourth temperature sensor 19 is used for measuring the backwater temperature, the fifth temperature sensor 20 is used for measuring the high-temperature inflow water temperature, and the sixth temperature sensor 21 is used for measuring the medium-temperature inflow water temperature. From this, the temperature and the return water temperature of dual temperature district have all obtained the show, and the user of being convenient for detects the temperature in real time.
Since the pressure of the return pipe of the user heating pipe is sometimes too low to form a circulation loop or may form a loop but the heating effect is not good due to too low flow rate of water, the system may further include a first water pump 14 connected in series between the return pipe of the user heating pipe and the first pipe switching unit 29 and a second water pump 15 connected in series between the medium temperature water pipe of the user heating pipe and the mixing valve 13. Therefore, the circulation pipeline is formed, the flow speed of water can be improved, and the heating effect is improved.
Since the water in the system may increase in volume due to expansion caused by heating, the embodiment of the present invention may further include an expansion tank 12 connected in series to the pipeline between the water return pipe of the user heating pipeline and the first pipeline switching unit 29, and an opening of the expansion tank 12 is connected in series to the water pressure gauge 11. Therefore, the expansion and shrinkage amount of water in the system can be accommodated and compensated, the effect of balancing water quantity and pressure is achieved, meanwhile, the system pressure can be monitored in real time, and the stability of the system is improved.
Since the compressor 1 outputs high-temperature refrigerant vapor, a second pressure sensor 7 and a pressure switch 8 can be connected in series on a pipeline between the compressor 1 and the first heat exchanger 2. Therefore, the pressure of the pipeline between the compressor 1 and the first heat exchanger 2 can be detected, and the pipeline can be cut off when the pressure is too high, so that the stability of the system is improved.
Because the compressor 1 inputs low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, a first pressure sensor 6 can be connected in series on a pipeline between the compressor 1 and the second heat exchanger 3. Therefore, the pressure of the pipeline between the compressor 1 and the second heat exchanger 3 can be detected, and the pipeline can be cut off when the pressure is too high, so that the stability of the system is improved.
The first detection joint 9 can be connected between the compressor 1 and the first heat exchanger 2 in series, and the second detection joint 10 can be connected between the compressor 1 and the second heat exchanger 3 in series, so that the inlet and outlet pressure of the compressor 1 can be detected conveniently during maintenance, and the refrigerant can be supplemented conveniently.
The first pipeline switching unit 29 and the second pipeline switching unit 30 may be a three-way joint plus two on-off valves, or may be a three-way valve. Thus, the first line switching unit 29 may be a three-way valve; the inlet of the flow-dividing three-way valve is connected with a water return pipe of a user heating pipeline, the first outlet of the flow-dividing three-way valve is connected with the water inlet 23 of the first heat exchanger, and the second outlet of the flow-dividing three-way valve is connected with the inlet 35 of the first inner casing; the second line switching unit 30 may be a confluence three-way valve; the first inlet of the confluence three-way valve is connected with the water outlet 24 of the first heat exchanger, the second inlet of the confluence three-way valve is connected with the outlet 36 of the first inner casing, and the outlet of the confluence three-way valve is connected with the high-temperature water inlet pipe of the user heating pipeline. Thereby, the number of piping components is reduced, making the structure of the entire system simpler.
The principles of several modes of operation of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 4, when a user only needs high-temperature hot water (for example, when the user only needs to turn on a room where a radiator is installed to heat), the high-temperature zone heating mode is switched to, and the water mixing valve 13 and the second water pump 15 are in a closed state. A first refrigerant circuit: the gaseous refrigerant generated by the outdoor main unit 28 enters the second heat exchanger 3 after the temperature is measured by the first temperature sensor 16, exchanges heat with the second refrigerant, is condensed into a liquid refrigerant, then enters the outdoor main unit 28 after passing through the second filter 23 and the second expansion valve 22 (at this time, the second expansion valve is fully opened without throttling action), and completes the circulation. A second refrigerant circuit: high-temperature refrigerant steam at the outlet of the compressor 1 is subjected to temperature measurement by a third temperature sensor 18, is subjected to heat exchange with water by a first detection joint 9, a second pressure sensor 7 and a pressure switch 8, and then is condensed into high-pressure liquid after entering a second heat exchanger 2, and is filtered by a first filter 4 and subjected to throttling and pressure reduction by a first expansion valve 5 to form low-pressure refrigerant liquid, the low-pressure refrigerant liquid enters a second heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat with a first refrigerant and then is evaporated into a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the gaseous refrigerant returns to the compressor 1 after passing through the first pressure sensor 6 and the second detection joint 10. A high-temperature hot water loop: the user heating backwater is pumped out by the first water pump 14, then is subjected to pressure measurement by the water pressure gauge 11, is balanced in flow by the expansion water tank 12, is subjected to temperature measurement by the fourth temperature sensor 19, enters the first heat exchanger 2 to exchange heat with a second refrigerant, and is prepared into high-temperature water with the temperature of more than 80 ℃, and the high-temperature water is subjected to temperature measurement by the fifth temperature sensor 20 and is used for heating by a user heating radiator through a high-temperature water inlet pipe of a user heating pipeline.
Referring to fig. 5, when a user has a demand for high-temperature hot water and medium-temperature hot water at the same time (for example, the user adopts a heating mode of radiator and floor heating or wind plate, and needs to open a room of radiator and floor heating or wind plate at the same time for heating), the mode is switched to a dual-temperature-zone heating mode. The mode is similar to a high-temperature region heating mode, and only the difference is that the high-temperature hot water loop is divided into two paths, and a medium-temperature hot water loop is added. The high-temperature hot water passes through a fifth temperature sensor 20 and then is divided into two paths, wherein one path is used for heating by a user heating radiator through a high-temperature water inlet pipe of a user heating pipeline; medium temperature hot water circuit: the backwater after passing through the expansion water tank 12 and the other path of high-temperature hot water after passing through the fifth temperature sensor 20 are mixed in the water mixing valve 13, the flow of the two paths is adjusted through the water mixing valve 13 to reach the target water temperature, and then the two paths of high-temperature hot water are pumped out through the second water pump 15, are subjected to temperature measurement through the sixth temperature sensor 21 and then are supplied to floor heating or air disc heating through a medium-temperature water inlet pipe of a user heating pipeline.
Referring to fig. 6, when a user only needs medium-temperature hot water (for example, when the user only turns on a floor heating or air pan heating room for heating), the mode is switched to the medium-temperature heating mode, at this time, the electric water mixing valve 13 is changed into a two-way valve, the second water pump 15 is turned on, the second refrigerant circuit is turned off, and the compressor 1 is turned off. The first refrigerant loop and the dual-temperature zone heating mode are the same. A hot water loop: the user heating backwater is pumped out by the first water pump 14, then is subjected to pressure measurement by the water pressure gauge 11, is subjected to flow balance by the expansion water tank 12, is subjected to temperature measurement by the fourth temperature sensor 19, enters the second heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat with the first refrigerant 25 to prepare intermediate temperature hot water at 35-50 ℃, is subjected to temperature measurement by the fifth temperature sensor 20, is pumped out by the second water pump 15 after passing through the water mixing valve 13 and the sixth temperature sensor 21, and is used for heating of a user floor heating or an air disc through the intermediate temperature water inlet pipe of the user.
Referring to fig. 7, when defrosting is required, first, the four-way valve of the outdoor unit 28 is switched to perform reverse defrosting. A first refrigerant circuit: the high pressure liquid refrigerant generated by the outdoor main machine 28 is filtered by the third filter 24, throttled by the second expansion valve 22 to become a low pressure liquid refrigerant, then enters the second heat exchanger 3 after being measured by the second temperature sensor 17 to exchange heat with water to become a low pressure refrigerant vapor, and then enters the outdoor machine through the first temperature sensor 16. A water loop: the temperature of the radiator is higher, so that the temperature of the water is reduced by using a little heat of the water in the radiator during defrosting, and the user can not feel obvious even if the temperature is reduced.
Referring to fig. 8, when a user has a requirement for air plate cooling in summer (for example, the user uses air plate heating in winter, and may use air plate cooling in summer), the mode is switched to the cooling mode, which is different from the medium-temperature heating mode only in that the first refrigerant circuit: high-pressure liquid refrigerant generated by the outdoor main machine 28 is filtered by the third filter 24, throttled by the second expansion valve 22 to form low-pressure liquid refrigerant, temperature of the low-pressure liquid refrigerant is measured by the second temperature sensor 17, the low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the second heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat with water to form low-pressure refrigerant steam, the low-pressure refrigerant steam enters the outdoor main machine 28 through the first temperature sensor 16, user return water is changed into cold water after being absorbed by the first refrigerant, and the cold water is supplied to a user air disc for refrigeration through the user medium-temperature water inlet pipe.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A cascade compression heat pump system comprises a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a first expansion valve and a second expansion valve; the second heat exchanger is characterized by comprising an outer-layer sleeve, a first inner-layer sleeve and a second inner-layer sleeve, wherein the first inner-layer sleeve and the second inner-layer sleeve are arranged in the outer-layer sleeve side by side; the medium in the outer layer sleeve is a first refrigerant, the medium in the first inner layer sleeve is water, and the medium in the second inner layer sleeve is a second refrigerant; the medium in the first heat exchanger is water and a second refrigerant; the first heat exchanger is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet;
the inlet of the outer sleeve is connected with a main air pipe of the outdoor host, and the outlet of the outer sleeve is connected with a main liquid pipe of the outdoor host through a second expansion valve to form a first refrigerant circulation loop;
the compressor is sequentially connected with the first heat exchanger, the first expansion valve and the second inner-layer sleeve to form a second refrigerant circulation loop;
the water inlet is connected with a first outlet of the first pipeline switching unit, an inlet of the first inner-layer sleeve is connected with a second outlet of the first pipeline switching unit, and an inlet of the first pipeline switching unit is used for being connected with a water return pipe of a user heating pipeline; the water outlet is connected with a first inlet of the second pipeline switching unit, an outlet of the first inner layer sleeve is connected with a second inlet of the second pipeline switching unit, and an outlet of the second pipeline switching unit is used for being connected with a high-temperature water inlet pipe of a user heating pipeline; when the first pipeline switching unit and the second pipeline switching unit are switched to the first position, water in a water return pipe of a user heating pipeline can enter a high-temperature water inlet pipe of the user heating pipeline through the first heat exchanger; when the first pipeline switching unit and the second pipeline switching unit are switched to the second position, water in a water return pipe of the user heating pipeline can enter a high-temperature water inlet pipe of the user heating pipeline through the second heat exchanger.
2. The cascade compression heat pump system according to claim 1, further comprising a mixing valve for mixing high temperature hot water and return water to form medium temperature hot water; the first inlet of the water mixing valve is used for being connected with a water return pipe port of the user heating pipeline, the second inlet of the water mixing valve is connected with the outlet of the second pipeline switching unit, and the outlet of the water mixing valve is used for being connected with a medium temperature water inlet pipe of the user heating pipeline; the water flowing through the water mixing valve can enter the medium-temperature water inlet pipe of the user heating pipeline.
3. The cascade compression heat pump system as recited in claim 1 wherein a third temperature sensor is connected in series on the conduit between the compressor and the first heat exchanger; a first temperature sensor is connected in series on a pipeline between the inlet of the outer casing and the outdoor host; and a second temperature sensor is connected in series on a pipeline between the outlet of the outer casing and the second expansion valve.
4. The cascade compression heat pump system as recited in claim 1 wherein a first filter is connected in series in the line between the first heat exchanger and the first expansion valve; a second filter is connected in series on a pipeline between the second expansion valve and the second heat exchanger; and a third filter is connected in series on a pipeline between the second expansion valve and the outdoor host machine.
5. The cascade compression heat pump system according to claim 2, further comprising a fourth temperature transmitter connected in series between the water return pipe of the user heating pipeline and the first pipeline switching unit, a fifth temperature sensor connected in series between the high temperature water inlet pipe of the user heating pipeline and the second pipeline switching unit, and a fifth temperature sensor connected in series between the medium temperature water inlet pipe of the user heating pipeline and the water mixing valve.
6. The system according to claim 2, further comprising a first water pump connected in series between the water return pipe of the user heating pipe and the first pipeline switching unit, and a second water pump connected in series between the medium temperature water pipe of the user heating pipe and the water mixing valve.
7. The cascade compression heat pump system according to claim 1, further comprising a water pressure meter and an expansion tank which are connected in series in sequence on a pipe between the return pipe of the user heating pipe and the first pipe switching unit.
8. The cascade compression heat pump system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a second pressure sensor and a pressure switch are connected in series on the pipeline between the compressor and the first heat exchanger.
9. The cascade compression heat pump system as recited in claim 1 wherein a first pressure sensor is connected in series in the conduit between the compressor and the second heat exchanger.
10. The cascade compression heat pump system as recited in claim 1 wherein a first test connection is connected in series in the conduit between the compressor and the first heat exchanger; and a second detection joint is connected in series on a pipeline between the compressor and the second heat exchanger.
11. The cascade compression heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the first line switching unit is a shunt three-way valve; the inlet of the flow dividing three-way valve is connected with a water return pipe of a user heating pipeline, the first outlet of the flow dividing three-way valve is connected with the water inlet, and the second outlet of the flow dividing three-way valve is connected with the inlet of the first inner casing; the second pipeline switching unit is a confluence three-way valve; and a first inlet of the confluence three-way valve is connected with the water outlet, a second inlet of the confluence three-way valve is connected with an outlet of the inner casing, and an outlet of the confluence three-way valve is used for being connected with a high-temperature water inlet pipe orifice of the user heating pipeline.
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| CN201910970169.2A CN110762586A (en) | 2019-10-12 | 2019-10-12 | Overlapping compression heat pump system |
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