CN110761768A - Well pattern and heavy oil exploitation method - Google Patents
Well pattern and heavy oil exploitation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110761768A CN110761768A CN201810836066.2A CN201810836066A CN110761768A CN 110761768 A CN110761768 A CN 110761768A CN 201810836066 A CN201810836066 A CN 201810836066A CN 110761768 A CN110761768 A CN 110761768A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010795 Steam Flooding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims 4
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010796 Steam-assisted gravity drainage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
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Abstract
The invention provides a well pattern and a method for exploiting thick oil, wherein the well pattern is used for an oil layer, the oil layer comprises an interlayer, an upper layer positioned above the interlayer and a lower layer positioned below the interlayer, the upper layer and the lower layer both contain thick oil, and the well pattern comprises: the horizontal well is provided with a first branch and a second branch, the first branch comprises a first horizontal section, the first horizontal section is positioned at the upper layer, the second branch comprises a second horizontal section, and the second horizontal section is positioned at the lower layer; the steam injection vertical well penetrates through the upper layer, the interlayer and the lower layer, the steam injection vertical well comprises a first perforation well section and a second perforation well section, the first perforation well section is located on the upper layer, the second perforation well section is located on the lower layer, and the first perforation well section and the second perforation well section are provided with steam injection perforations. By the technical scheme provided by the invention, the problem of low oil layer utilization rate of the thickened oil in the prior art can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to a well pattern and a thickened oil exploitation method.
Background
At present, the mature technology of thickened oil and super thickened oil in China is to first steam huff and puff oil extraction and then convert the steam huff and puff oil extraction into steam assisted gravity drainage of double horizontal wells, or directly adopt a steam flooding extraction technology. However, for heavy oil reservoirs with strong reservoir heterogeneity and interlayer development, the continuous reservoir thickness cannot meet the steam flooding exploitation technology. In the existing well pattern arrangement and exploitation method, due to the fact that the viscosity of thick oil is high, even after the thick oil is heated by steam, the fluidity of the thick oil is improved, but the thick oil is still limited by the physical property of a reservoir, only a part of oil layers with better conditions can be selected for development, so that blocking of an interlayer is avoided, the oil layers cannot be used effectively, and the utilization rate of the oil layers is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a well pattern and a method for exploiting thick oil, which aim to solve the problem of low utilization rate of a thick oil layer in the prior art.
In order to solve the above problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a well pattern for an oil reservoir including a packer layer, an upper layer above the packer layer, and a lower layer below the packer layer, each of the upper layer and the lower layer containing thick oil, the well pattern comprising: the horizontal well is provided with a first branch and a second branch, the first branch comprises a first horizontal section, the first horizontal section is positioned at the upper layer, the second branch comprises a second horizontal section, and the second horizontal section is positioned at the lower layer; the steam injection vertical well penetrates through the upper layer, the interlayer and the lower layer, the steam injection vertical well comprises a first perforation well section and a second perforation well section, the first perforation well section is located on the upper layer, the second perforation well section is located on the lower layer, and the first perforation well section and the second perforation well section are provided with steam injection perforations.
Further, a first horizontal section and a second horizontal section in the horizontal well are arranged in parallel; the horizontal well is a plurality of, and the first horizontal segment in a plurality of horizontal wells is parallel to each other, and the second horizontal segment in a plurality of horizontal wells is parallel to each other.
Furthermore, the number of the horizontal wells is multiple, the horizontal wells are arranged in multiple rows, and steam injection vertical wells are arranged between every two adjacent rows of the horizontal wells.
Furthermore, the steam injection vertical wells are multiple, a plurality of steam injection vertical wells are arranged between every two adjacent horizontal wells, and the steam injection vertical wells between the two adjacent horizontal wells are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the first horizontal section.
Further, the horizontal distance between the steam injection vertical well and the adjacent horizontal well is 35-50 m.
Further, the horizontal distances between the steam injection vertical well and the adjacent horizontal well are equal.
Further, the horizontal distance between the adjacent steam injection vertical wells is 70-100 m.
Further, the first perforating well section is located above the first horizontal section, and the vertical distance between the first perforating well section and the first horizontal section is 4-6 m; and/or the second perforation well section is positioned above the second horizontal section, and the vertical distance between the second perforation well section and the second horizontal section is 4-6 m.
Further, the vertical distance between the first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment is greater than 8 m.
Further, the length of the first horizontal section is 210-280 m, and/or the length of the second horizontal section is 210-280 m.
Further, the length of the first horizontal segment is equal to the length of the second horizontal segment.
Further, the vertical distance between the first horizontal section and the interlayer is 1-2 m, and/or the vertical distance between the second horizontal section and the bottom of the lower layer is 1-2 m.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of producing heavy oil, the method of producing using the well pattern provided above, the method comprising: firstly, adopting a steam huff and puff oil extraction mode, periodically injecting steam into a horizontal well and a steam injection vertical well in a well pattern, and extracting oil from an oil layer through the horizontal well and the steam injection vertical well; after oil recovery is carried out for a period of time in a steam huff and puff mode, the effect leading is carried out on the horizontal well; and after the effect introduction is finished, converting the steam huff and puff oil extraction mode into a steam drive oil extraction mode, continuously injecting steam into the steam injection vertical well, and extracting oil from the oil layer through the horizontal well.
Further, in the steam huff and puff oil extraction mode, according to the thickness of an oil layer, the steam injection strength of the steam injection vertical well is 120-160 t/m, the steam injection speed of the steam injection vertical well is 120-150 t/day, the steam soaking time of the steam injection vertical well is 3-4 days, and the bottom hole dryness of the steam injection vertical well is more than 50%; the steam injection rate of the horizontal well is 4500-5500 t, the steam injection speed of the horizontal well is 300-400 t/day, the well stewing time of the horizontal well is 8-10 days, and the dryness of the bottom of the horizontal well is more than 50%.
Further, after the huff and puff production lasts for 270-300 days, the horizontal well is induced, steam is injected into the steam injection vertical well to induce the effect of the horizontal well, the steam injection amount of the steam injection vertical well is 2500-3500 t, the steam injection speed of the steam injection vertical well is 200-250 t/day, the shut-in time of the horizontal well is 10-15 days, and the bottom dryness of the horizontal well is more than 50%.
Further, in the steam flooding oil extraction mode, the steam injection amount of the steam injection vertical well is 60-70 t/day, and the mass ratio of the steam injection amount of the steam injection vertical well to the oil extraction amount of the horizontal well is 1.1-1.3.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the horizontal well and the steam injection vertical well are arranged in the well pattern in the oil layer, the first horizontal section in the horizontal well and the first perforation well section in the steam injection vertical well are both positioned on the upper layer above the interlayer, and the second horizontal section in the horizontal well and the second perforation well section in the steam injection vertical well are both positioned on the lower layer below the interlayer, so that steam can be respectively ejected from the upper and lower regions of the interlayer, thick oil heated by the steam flows into the horizontal well under the action of gravity and steam and is extracted by the horizontal well.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of a well pattern provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the well pattern of FIG. 1 in a vertical direction and parallel to the first horizontal segment;
FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the well pattern of FIG. 1 in a horizontal direction;
FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the well pattern of FIG. 1 in a vertical direction and perpendicular to the first horizontal segment.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. horizontal wells; 11. a first horizontal segment; 12. a second horizontal segment; 20. injecting steam into the vertical well; 21. a first perforated interval; 22. a second perforated interval; 30. an oil layer; 31. an interlayer; 32. an upper layer; 33. a lower layer; A. a steam propulsion direction; B. and (4) oil drainage direction.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an embodiment of the present invention provides a well pattern for an oil reservoir 30, the oil reservoir 30 including a separation layer 31, an upper layer 32 above the separation layer 31, and a lower layer 33 below the separation layer 31, the upper layer 32 and the lower layer 33 each containing heavy oil, the well pattern including: a horizontal well 10, the horizontal well 10 having a first branch comprising a first horizontal segment 11, the first horizontal segment 11 being located at an upper level 32, and a second branch comprising a second horizontal segment 12, the second horizontal segment 12 being located at a lower level 33; the steam injection vertical well 20 penetrates through the upper layer 32, the interlayer 31 and the lower layer 33, the steam injection vertical well 20 comprises a first perforation well section 21 and a second perforation well section 22, the first perforation well section 21 is located on the upper layer 32, the second perforation well section 22 is located on the lower layer 33, and the first perforation well section 21 and the second perforation well section 22 are provided with steam injection perforations.
By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment, the horizontal well 10 and the steam injection vertical well 20 are arranged in the well pattern in the oil reservoir 30, and the first horizontal section 11 in the horizontal well 10 and the first perforated well section 21 in the steam injection vertical well 20 are both positioned in the upper layer 32 above the interlayer 31, and the second horizontal section 12 in the horizontal well 10 and the second perforated well section 22 in the steam injection vertical well 20 are both positioned in the lower layer 33 below the interlayer 31, so that steam can be respectively ejected from the upper and lower regions of the interlayer 31, and the thick oil heated by the steam flows into the horizontal well 10 under the action of gravity and the steam and is collected by the horizontal well 10.
In the present embodiment, the first horizontal segment 11 and the second horizontal segment 12 in the horizontal well 10 are arranged in parallel; the number of the horizontal wells 10 is multiple, the first horizontal sections 11 of the plurality of horizontal wells 10 are parallel to each other, and the second horizontal sections 12 of the plurality of horizontal wells 10 are parallel to each other. This facilitates the deployment of the horizontal well 10 and the production of thick oil.
In this embodiment, there are a plurality of horizontal wells 10, and a plurality of horizontal wells 10 are arranged in a plurality of rows, and a steam injection vertical well 20 is provided between two adjacent rows of horizontal wells 10. This allows for the production of thick oil separately through multiple horizontal wells 10.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, there are a plurality of steam injection vertical wells 20, a plurality of steam injection vertical wells 20 are provided between every two adjacent horizontal wells 10, and the plurality of steam injection vertical wells 20 between two adjacent horizontal wells 10 are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the first horizontal section 11. This allows separate injection of steam through a plurality of steam injection vertical wells 20.
In the embodiment, the horizontal distance between the steam injection vertical well 20 and the adjacent horizontal well 10 is 35-50 m. Within the above parameters, heated crude oil can be rapidly and efficiently collected by the horizontal well 10.
Further, the horizontal distances between the steam injection vertical well 20 and the adjacent horizontal wells 10 are equal. The above arrangement enables the well pattern to be laid more simply and further improves the oil recovery efficiency of the horizontal well 10.
In the embodiment, the horizontal distance between the adjacent steam injection vertical wells 20 is 70-100 m. A plurality of steam injection vertical wells 20 arranged in parallel are arranged between the adjacent horizontal wells 10. For example, 3 to 4 steam injection vertical wells 20 are provided between adjacent horizontal wells 10. The oil extraction efficiency can be improved by the arrangement. Set up too much steam injection vertical shaft 20 and can inject into too much steam to influence the flow efficiency of crude oil, set up less steam injection vertical shaft 20, the steam volume of injecing is also less, has influenced the heating efficiency of steam to crude oil, thereby has reduced oil recovery efficiency.
In the embodiment, the first perforation well section 21 is positioned above the first horizontal section 11, and the vertical distance between the first perforation well section 21 and the first horizontal section 11 is 4-6 m; and/or the second perforation well section 22 is positioned above the second horizontal section 12, and the vertical distance between the second perforation well section 22 and the second horizontal section 12 is 4-6 m. In the above parameter range, the height difference between the first perforation well section 21 and the first horizontal section 11 can make the gravity drainage effect more obvious, and the height difference between the second perforation well section 22 and the second horizontal section 12 can make the gravity drainage effect more obvious, so as to improve the oil production effect.
In the present embodiment, the vertical distance between the first horizontal segment 11 and the second horizontal segment 12 is greater than 8 m. The above distance enables the first horizontal section 11 and the second horizontal section 12 of the horizontal well 10 to be located in the cold oil zone, thereby more effectively collecting the crude oil heated by the steam. Furthermore, the vertical distance between the first horizontal section 11 and the interlayer 31 is 1-2 m, and the vertical distance between the second horizontal section 12 and the bottom of the lower layer 33 is 1-2 m, so that the oil extraction effect can be further improved.
In the embodiment, the length of the first horizontal segment 11 is 210-280 m, and/or the length of the second horizontal segment 12 is 210-280 m. This may enable the horizontal well 10 to cover the effective production area of the reservoir 30.
Further, the length of the first horizontal segment 11 is equal to the length of the second horizontal segment 12, which facilitates the laying of the well pattern.
The well pattern provided by the embodiment is suitable for exploitation of a shallow heavy oil reservoir with strong heterogeneity and interlayer development, wherein the average thickness of the oil reservoir is larger than 16m, the distance between the upper surface of the oil reservoir and the ground is 120-600 m, the viscosity of crude oil in the oil reservoir at the formation temperature is more than 5 ten thousand mPa & s, and the crude oil in the oil reservoir refers to degassed crude oil at the formation temperature, namely heavy oil. The average thickness of the interlayer in the oil layer is greater than 2 m.
Another embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for producing thick oil, wherein the method for producing thick oil adopts the well pattern provided above, and the method for producing thick oil comprises: firstly, adopting a steam huff and puff oil extraction mode, periodically injecting steam into a horizontal well 10 and a steam injection vertical well 20 in a well pattern, and extracting oil from an oil layer 30 through the horizontal well 10 and the steam injection vertical well 20; after oil production is carried out for a period of time in a steam huff and puff mode, the effect leading is carried out on the horizontal well 10; after the effect introduction is finished, the steam huff-puff oil extraction mode is converted into a steam drive oil extraction mode, steam is continuously injected into the steam injection vertical well 20, and oil extraction is carried out on the oil layer 30 through the horizontal well 10. As shown in fig. 4, a is the steam advancing direction and B is the oil draining direction. This may improve the recovery of crude oil.
Further, in the steam huff and puff oil extraction mode, according to the thickness of an oil layer 30, the strength of steam injection of the steam injection vertical well 20 is 120-160 t/m, the steam injection speed of the steam injection vertical well 20 is 120-150 t/day, the soaking time of the steam injection vertical well 20 is 3-4 days, and the bottom hole dryness of the steam injection vertical well 20 is more than 50%; the steam injection rate of the horizontal well 10 is 4500-5500 t, the steam injection speed of the horizontal well 10 is 300-400 t/day, the soaking time of the horizontal well 10 is 8-10 days, and the bottom hole dryness of the horizontal well 10 is more than 50%. The crude oil recovery rate can be improved through the arrangement.
Further, after the huff and puff production lasts for 270-300 days, the horizontal well 10 is induced, steam is injected into the steam injection vertical well 20 to induce the horizontal well 10, the steam injection amount of the steam injection vertical well 20 is 2500-3500 t, the steam injection speed of the steam injection vertical well 20 is 200-250 t/day, the well stewing time of the horizontal well 10 is 10-15 days, and the bottom hole dryness of the horizontal well 10 is more than 50%. The crude oil recovery rate can be improved through the arrangement.
Further, in the steam flooding oil extraction mode, the steam injection amount of the steam injection vertical well 20 is 60-70 t/day, and the mass ratio of the steam injection amount of the steam injection vertical well 20 to the oil extraction amount of the horizontal well 10 is 1.1-1.3. This ensures the mining effect.
In the mining method, if the interlayer 31 cannot prevent steam from being overflowed, the steam injection amount of the steam injection vertical well 20 can be adjusted and controlled by adjusting and controlling the liquid production amount (mixture of crude oil and water) of the horizontal well 10, continuous steam injection can be changed into intermittent steam injection, when steam is injected, the liquid production amount of a first branch of the horizontal well 10 is reduced or the horizontal well 10 is shut down, and a second branch of the horizontal well 10 is normally produced, so that the pressure of an upper layer 32 at the upper part of the interlayer 31 is increased, steam is forced to form a steam cavity at the lower part of the interlayer 31, and the first branch and the second branch of the horizontal well 10 are simultaneously produced during the steam injection interval, so that the steam cavities can be formed in the upper area and the lower area of the interlayer 31 and continuously expand towards the two sides and the lower side, and crude oil can be effectively heated and displaced.
The method for producing thick oil according to the present invention will be further described with reference to a specific example.
The average embedded depth of the middle part of a heavy oil reservoir is 159m, the average thickness of the oil reservoir is 20.9m, wherein J3q2 2-1The thickness of the reservoir is 12.3m, which is a medium heterogeneous reservoir, J3q2 2-2The thickness of the stratum oil layer is 8.6m, the stratum is a strong heterogeneous reservoir, J3q2 2-1Layer and J3q2 2-2An interlayer (interlayer) is developed between the layers and is divided into a physical interlayer and a lithologic interlayer, the lithologic interlayer has certain barrier effect on steam, but the barrier effect of the physical interlayer on steam is not obvious, the average interlayer thickness is 2m, and the viscosity of crude oil at 50 ℃ is 20189.9mPa & s.
And arranging the horizontal well-vertical well three-dimensional well pattern in an oil field, wherein the distance between each pair of oil recovery horizontal wells is 70m, 4 steam injection vertical wells are arranged between two adjacent pairs of oil recovery horizontal wells, the distance between the steam injection vertical well and the adjacent pair of oil recovery horizontal wells is 35m, the steam injection vertical wells are arranged at equal intervals, the distance is 70m, and the distance between the lower surface of the steam injection perforated well section and the horizontal section on the same level is 5 m. The length of the horizontal segment is 280m, and the lengths of the two horizontal segments of the same pair of horizontal wells are the same.
Firstly, simultaneously performing steam huff and puff through a steam injection vertical well and a horizontal well, wherein the steam injection amount of the steam injection vertical well is 120-160 t per meter, the steam injection speed is 120-150 t per day, the well stewing is performed for 3-4 days, and the dryness of the well bottom is more than 50%; the steam injection amount of the horizontal well is 5000t, the steam injection speed is 300-400 t/day, the well stewing time is 8-10 days, and the dryness of the well bottom is more than 50%.
And after the huff and puff for 270 days, steam is injected by adopting a steam injection vertical well, in the horizontal well effect inducing process, the effect inducing steam injection amount is 3000t, the effect inducing steam injection speed is 200-250 t/day, the well stewing time is 10-15 days, and the dryness of the well bottom is more than 50%. Then, converting into steam flooding, and continuously injecting steam into the steam injection vertical wells in the area where the lithologic interlayer develops, wherein the steam injection amount of one steam injection vertical well is 60-70 t/day, the bottom hole dryness is more than 50%, and the injection-production ratio is 1.2; in the physical property interlayer development area, intermittently injecting steam into a steam injection vertical well, injecting for 90 days, stopping for 90 days, wherein the steam injection amount of the steam injection vertical well is still 60-70 t/day during steam injection, the first branch above the interlayer can comprehensively determine well shut-in or control the liquid production amount according to the steam injection condition to reduce the injection-production ratio, and the part of the second branch below the interlayer still normally produces according to the injection-production ratio of 1.2; and when steam injection is stopped, simultaneously producing the first branch and the second branch of the horizontal well according to the liquid production amount of 72-84 t/day. The ultimate recovery rate reaches about 55 percent, and the recovery rate can be improved by about 30 percent compared with the recovery rate of the conventional method.
From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention achieves the following technical effects:
1. because the first horizontal segment and the second horizontal segment of horizontal well set up respectively in separating the upper and lower of intermediate layer for the oil reservoir homoenergetic from top to bottom of intermediate layer can effectively be used, thereby has improved the oil reservoir utilization ratio.
2. Because the steam is injected into the steam injection vertical well from top to bottom in the interlayer respectively, the injection amount and the injection-production ratio can be adjusted respectively according to the production conditions, so that the later regulation and control are greatly facilitated, and the production efficiency is improved to the maximum extent.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
Claims (16)
1. A well pattern for an oil formation (30), the oil formation (30) comprising a spacer layer (31), an upper layer (32) above the spacer layer (31) and a lower layer (33) below the spacer layer (31), the upper layer (32) and the lower layer (33) each containing heavy oil, characterized in that the well pattern comprises:
a horizontal well (10), said horizontal well (10) having a first leg comprising a first horizontal section (11), said first horizontal section (11) being located in said upper level (32), and a second leg comprising a second horizontal section (12), said second horizontal section (12) being located in said lower level (33);
the steam injection vertical well (20) penetrates through the upper layer (32), the interlayer (31) and the lower layer (33), the steam injection vertical well (20) comprises a first perforation well section (21) and a second perforation well section (22), the first perforation well section (21) is located on the upper layer (32), the second perforation well section (22) is located on the lower layer (33), and the first perforation well section (21) and the second perforation well section (22) are provided with steam injection perforations.
2. The well pattern of claim 1,
the first horizontal section (11) and the second horizontal section (12) in the horizontal well (10) are arranged in parallel;
the number of the horizontal wells (10) is multiple, the first horizontal sections (11) in the horizontal wells (10) are parallel to each other, and the second horizontal sections (12) in the horizontal wells (10) are parallel to each other.
3. The well pattern according to claim 1, characterized in that, said horizontal well (10) is a plurality of horizontal wells (10), a plurality of said horizontal wells (10) are arranged in a plurality of rows, and said steam injection vertical well (20) is arranged between two adjacent rows of said horizontal wells (10).
4. The well pattern according to claim 3, characterized in that the steam injection vertical wells (20) are multiple, a plurality of steam injection vertical wells (20) are arranged between every two adjacent horizontal wells (10), and the steam injection vertical wells (20) between the two adjacent horizontal wells (10) are arranged at intervals along the extending direction of the first horizontal section (11).
5. The well pattern according to claim 4, characterized in that the horizontal distance between the steam injection vertical well (20) and the adjacent horizontal well (10) is 35-50 m.
6. A well pattern according to claim 4, characterized in that the horizontal distances between the steam injection vertical wells (20) and the adjacent horizontal wells (10) are equal.
7. A well pattern according to claim 4, characterized in that the horizontal distance between adjacent steam injection vertical wells (20) is 70-100 m.
8. The well pattern of claim 1,
the first perforation well section (21) is positioned above the first horizontal section (11), and the vertical distance between the first perforation well section (21) and the first horizontal section (11) is 4-6 m; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the second perforation well section (22) is located above the second horizontal section (12), and the vertical distance between the second perforation well section (22) and the second horizontal section (12) is 4-6 m.
9. The well pattern according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical distance between the first horizontal segment (11) and the second horizontal segment (12) is larger than 8 m.
10. The well pattern according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the first horizontal segment (11) is 210-280 m and/or the length of the second horizontal segment (12) is 210-280 m.
11. The well pattern of claim 1, characterized in that the length of the first horizontal segment (11) is equal to the length of the second horizontal segment (12).
12. The well pattern according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical distance between the first horizontal segment (11) and the spacer layer (31) is 1-2 m and/or the vertical distance between the second horizontal segment (12) and the bottom of the lower layer (33) is 1-2 m.
13. A method of producing thick oil, characterized in that it employs a well pattern according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising:
firstly, periodically injecting steam into a horizontal well (10) and a steam injection vertical well (20) in the well pattern by adopting a steam huff and puff oil production mode, and producing oil from an oil layer (30) through the horizontal well (10) and the steam injection vertical well (20);
after oil production is carried out for a period of time by using the steam huff and puff mode, performing effect introduction on the horizontal well (10);
and after the effect introduction is finished, converting the steam huff-puff oil extraction mode into a steam drive oil extraction mode, continuously injecting steam into the steam injection vertical well (20), and extracting oil from the oil layer (30) through the horizontal well (10).
14. A production method according to claim 13, wherein, in the steam stimulation mode,
according to the thickness of the oil layer (30), the strength of the steam injection vertical well (20) is 120-160 t/m, the steam injection speed of the steam injection vertical well (20) is 120-150 t/day, the soaking time of the steam injection vertical well (20) is 3-4 days, and the bottom dryness of the steam injection vertical well (20) is more than 50%;
the steam injection rate of the horizontal well (10) is 4500-5500 t, the steam injection speed of the horizontal well (10) is 300-400 t/day, the soaking time of the horizontal well (10) is 8-10 days, and the bottom hole dryness of the horizontal well (10) is more than 50%.
15. The mining method of claim 13,
the method comprises the steps of conducting the effect leading on the horizontal well (10) after 270-300 days of throughput production, injecting steam into the steam injection vertical well (20) to conduct the effect leading on the horizontal well (10), wherein the steam injection amount of the steam injection vertical well (20) is 2500-3500 t, the steam injection speed of the steam injection vertical well (20) is 200-250 t/day, the well stewing time of the horizontal well (10) is 10-15 days, and the bottom dryness of the horizontal well (10) is larger than 50%.
16. The mining method of claim 13,
in the steam flooding oil extraction mode, the steam injection amount of the steam injection vertical well (20) is 60-70 t/day, and the mass ratio of the steam injection amount of the steam injection vertical well (20) to the liquid recovery amount of the horizontal well (10) is 1.1-1.3.
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| CN112855103A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-05-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Recovery method of super heavy oil reservoir and arrangement method of steam injection well |
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