CN110760909B

CN110760909B - Universal tool for electroplating outside cylinder groove

Info

Publication number: CN110760909B
Application number: CN201911245295.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 聂进; 何军; 贺超; 文家勇
Original assignee: Loncin Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Loncin Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-06
Filing date: 2019-12-06
Publication date: 2021-03-23
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-06
Also published as: CN110760909A

Abstract

The invention discloses a universal tool for cylinder body out-of-groove electroplating, which comprises a mounting frame assembly and an installation auxiliary assembly, wherein the mounting frame assembly comprises a fixing frame and a pressing assembly; the fixing frame comprises a bottom plate and a frame fixed on the bottom plate, the installation auxiliary assembly is used for installing a workpiece, compensating the height and the diameter of the workpiece, installing the workpiece on the bottom plate and pressing the workpiece by the pressing assembly, and the installation auxiliary assembly is also used for guiding electroplating solution into the cylinder body and passing through the anode; when the invention is used, different workpieces do not need to be changed into anodes, so that the production line does not need to be stopped, the invention is suitable for workpieces with various sizes, realizes seamless switching of products, avoids the capacity loss caused by stopping the production line, quickly meets the delivery requirement, reduces the switching time of mature products to the minimum, and reduces the capacity loss to the minimum.

Description

Universal tool for electroplating outside cylinder groove

Technical Field

The invention relates to a component of a cylinder electroplating device, in particular to a universal tool for electroplating outside a cylinder tank.

Background

The cylinder body is used as a main part of equipment such as an engine, a plunger pump, a reciprocating compressor and the like and is used for forming a working space together with the piston and the cylinder head; taking an engine as an example, the engine forms a combustion chamber and provides a motion track for the piston assembly, so that a power conversion environment is formed. In the process of guiding the piston to continuously reciprocate, the inner wall of the cylinder and the piston rub against each other for a long time at a high frequency, so that the useful power of the cylinder is reduced, and a part of energy is consumed. In order to solve the problems, electroplating is carried out on the inner wall, and an electroplating coating is used for replacing the cylinder sleeve to solve the problems. In the prior art, the circulating electroplating outside the tank ensures that cations on a plating layer are replaced in real time due to the formation of a flowing electroplating environment, the concentration of the plating layer is not different, the fluidity of the plating layer is stable and uniform, the compactness of the plating layer is ensured, and the electroplating quality is ensured.

However, in the existing structure for plating outside the bath, because the cylinder bodies (workpieces) have different overall dimensions, the anodes (especially the heights) need to be replaced for normal operation of plating, the whole production line needs to be shut down, the loss is increased, and the production cost is increased; and frock clamp is also diverse, and the structure is complicated, and the change process needs the manual work to go on, reduces work efficiency.

Therefore, the existing tooling for circular electroplating needs to be improved, has universality, is suitable for workpieces of various sizes, realizes seamless switching of products, avoids capacity loss caused by line stop, quickly meets delivery requirements, reduces switching time of mature products to the minimum, and reduces capacity loss to the minimum.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a universal tool for electroplating outside a cylinder, which has versatility, is suitable for workpieces of various sizes, and can achieve "seamless switching" of products, avoid capacity loss due to line stop, quickly meet delivery requirements, minimize switching time of mature products, and minimize capacity loss.

The general tool for electroplating outside the cylinder body tank comprises a mounting frame assembly and an installation auxiliary assembly, wherein the mounting frame assembly comprises a fixing frame and a pressing assembly;

the fixing frame comprises a bottom plate and a frame fixed on the bottom plate;

the installation auxiliary assembly is used for installing a workpiece, is installed on the bottom plate after being compensated in height and diameter and is pressed by the pressing assembly, and is also used for introducing electroplating solution into the cylinder body and passing through the anode;

when the tool is used, a workpiece is arranged on the tool and then transferred to each station of electroplating, the overall height is adjusted to be matched with the anode through the installation auxiliary assembly matched with the workpiece, the anode does not need to be replaced for different workpieces, so that the production line does not need to be stopped, different workpieces are replaced and directly arranged on the tool and placed in the electroplating device, the matched installation auxiliary assembly can also form transition between the workpiece and the electroplating device, the installation difference between different inner diameters and bottom plates of different workpieces is compensated, and the universality on the height and the diameter is formed;

the installation auxiliary assembly can adopt a cylindrical structure and is matched with the workpiece in height, so that the total height is matched with the height of the anode, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical structure is variable, so that the installation auxiliary assembly is suitable for transition between the bottom plate and the inner diameter of the workpiece, and is not repeated; of course, the structure of the installation auxiliary assembly is not necessarily cylindrical, and can be any shape for achieving the above purpose, and the description is omitted;

the pressing assembly is arranged on the fixing frame and used for pressing the workpiece and the installation auxiliary assembly, so that the stability of the workpiece in the transportation process and the electroplating process is guaranteed, and the smoothness of the electric degree quality and the electroplating process is guaranteed.

Furthermore, the installation auxiliary assembly comprises a variable diameter compensating piece, the variable diameter compensating piece is a cylinder with an axial through hole and can be installed on the bottom plate in a positioning mode and insulate the bottom plate from an electroplating environment, and the axial through hole is communicated with an inner hole of the workpiece and is used for leading electroplating liquid through an anode; the lower ends of different reducing compensation parts have the same external dimension matched with the bottom plate, the upper ends of the different reducing compensation parts have the internal diameter dimension matched with the internal diameter of a corresponding workpiece, the total height of the reducing compensation parts after the workpieces are installed can be matched with an anode to finish electroplating, and when the reducing compensation parts are used, the workpieces are axially pressed on the reducing compensation parts by the pressing assembly;

as shown in the figure, the fixed diameter size of the lower ends of different variable diameter compensation parts can be matched with a standard tool for installation, the upper ends of the different variable diameter compensation parts correspond to the inner diameters of corresponding workpieces, so that the variable diameter compensation parts have universality, and the workpieces (air cylinders) with different heights are provided with the variable diameter compensation parts with different heights, so that the total height of the workpieces arranged in the variable diameter compensation part is not changed, and the workpieces can be matched with the height of an anode; as shown in the figure, the size of the lower part of the reducing compensation part matched with different workpieces is the same, and the reducing compensation part is used for being matched with a bottom plate channel of a bottom plate of the fixing frame, and the upper part of the reducing compensation part is matched with the workpieces (the matching sizes of different workpieces are different), so that the transition between the inner diameter of the workpiece and the electroplating device is realized, and the compression is only required, and the details are not repeated.

Furthermore, the installation auxiliary assembly also comprises a shielding piece, the shielding piece comprises an upper shielding ring and a lower shielding ring which are made of non-metal conductive materials, the lower shielding ring is coaxially embedded into the axial through hole and axially abuts against the lower end of the workpiece in the same diameter, and the upper shielding ring abuts against the upper end of the workpiece in the same diameter and is axially compressed by the compressing assembly; the reducing compensation part is made of non-conductive materials, so that a stable electroplating working condition is formed on a conductive part, and the waste of materials and the interference to the electroplating working condition are avoided; the same-diameter mutual abutting means that the inner diameter of the upper shielding ring and the inner diameter of the lower shielding ring are the same as and coaxial with the inner diameter of a workpiece, and edge burrs generated in the electroplating process are led to the upper edge of the upper shielding ring and the lower edge of the lower shielding ring in the electroplating process so as to ensure the electroplating quality; certainly, radial sealing is required to be formed between the upper shielding ring and the workpiece (cylinder) and between the lower shielding ring and the workpiece (cylinder) so as to prevent the electroplating solution from leaking; the lower end face of the upper shielding ring (contacted and abutted with the upper end face of the cylinder body) and the upper end face of the lower shielding ring (contacted and abutted with the lower end face of the cylinder body) are respectively provided with a sealing ring (an annular sealing ring groove can be formed in the corresponding end face for placing the sealing ring), the sealing ring is generally made of acid and alkali resistant fluororubber, and the aims of sealing and contact and abutment can be achieved through external force compression deformation; the upper shielding ring and the lower shielding ring are made of non-metal conductive materials (such as conductive rubber or plastics), when in actual use, the inner plating layer can be separated from the upper shielding ring and the lower shielding ring by using a small external force (because the binding force between the non-metal conductive materials and a metal plating layer is generally small), for example, the plating layer can be directly peeled off by using a sharp tool, or the upper shielding ring and the lower shielding ring can be deformed by using a small external force (such as hand holding) to peel off the plating layer, the non-metal conductive materials with the set elastic modulus can be deformed by using the non-metal conductive materials with the set elastic modulus, but can bear the pressing force of a workpiece during electroplating to ensure the smooth operation of the electroplating process, so that the plating layer and burrs of the inner circle of the shielding ring can be separated from the inner circle of the shielding ring, the shielding ring can be used for the second time, and, the consumption and the electroplating cost are reduced; and metallic shield ring (generally for aluminium) cladding material and burr and shielding ring combine closely, can't drop, adopt chemistry to remove the mode of cladding material and handle, need provide and remove the plating place to the shielding ring removes to plate many times the back can influence the later stage and use and scrap, and the cladding material also can't be retrieved and along with the waste liquid discharges, causes very big waste.

Furthermore, the installation auxiliary assembly also comprises a positioning sleeve, a positioning pin matched with the installation threaded hole on the workpiece is installed on the positioning sleeve, the positioning sleeve is positioned through the positioning pin to be concentric with the workpiece, and the upper shielding ring is concentrically arranged in the positioning sleeve and is concentrically matched with the workpiece in the same diameter through the positioning sleeve;

the mounting threaded hole on the workpiece refers to a threaded hole on the end face of the workpiece, the positioning sleeve aims to ensure that the positioning sleeve is concentric with the workpiece by utilizing the matching between the positioning pin and the mounting threaded hole (the positioning pin is inserted into the threaded hole to form positioning), and the upper shielding ring is mounted in the inner circle of the positioning sleeve so as to form coaxial matching with the workpiece in the same diameter;

the specific installation process is as follows: the reducing compensation part is positioned on a bottom plate (a sealing ring can be used, EVA foam can be adopted for the sealing ring at the position), the lower shielding ring is positioned on the reducing compensation part, a sealing part (the sealing mode is not limited) can be arranged between the lower end and the reducing compensation part, the sealing ring is positioned on the upper end face of the lower shielding ring at a set position, a workpiece is placed on the lower shielding ring, the upper shielding ring is positioned through the positioning sleeve, and the pressing device is used for pressing.

Furthermore, the frame is provided with a fixed upper longitudinal beam, the pressing assembly is arranged on the upper longitudinal beam, and a pressing part which can be driven to reciprocate up and down is arranged on the pressing assembly and is used for pressing or releasing the workpiece; the structure can adopt any existing mechanical structure, including manual or electric, and can be realized by adopting the existing mechanical structure, which is not described again; as shown in the figure, the frame includes four upright posts detachably fixed on the bottom plate (by bolts), two upright posts are respectively disposed on two longitudinal sides (according to the arrangement direction of the plurality of workpieces), an upper cross beam is fixedly connected between the upper portions of the two upright posts (by bolts), and the upper longitudinal beam is fixedly connected between the two upper cross beams to form a stable structure of fixed connection, which is not described herein again.

Furthermore, the pressing assembly comprises a pressing rod capable of being driven to reciprocate up and down along the upper longitudinal beam and a lever assembly for driving the pressing rod to reciprocate, and the pressing part is positioned at the lower end of the pressing rod; the lever assembly comprises a driving lever and a rocker arm, the resistance end of the lever is rotatably hinged to the upper end of the pressing rod, the lower end of the rocker arm can rotate in a single degree of freedom relative to the upper longitudinal beam, and the upper end of the rocker arm is coaxially hinged to the fulcrum of the driving lever in a single degree of freedom; the rocker arm is provided with a limiting block which limits the lever to continue rotating towards the pressing direction when the lever is driven to drive the pressing rod to press the workpiece;

the reciprocating motion of the pressing rod is generally single degree of freedom, namely only reciprocating motion is carried out, the pressing part can be integrally formed with the pressing rod or can be detachably arranged in a split manner, the pressing part with a plate-shaped structure is adopted in the embodiment, and the pressing part is generally movably connected with the end part of the pressing rod with a certain degree of freedom, such as a movable head of a ball hinge and the like, so that the pressing end face can be adapted to, and the coaxiality of workpieces can be ensured;

the upper end of the rocker arm is hinged with the fulcrum of the driving lever through the fulcrum hinged shaft, the driving lever rotates around the fulcrum under the action of external force to ensure that the resistance arm approaches to be vertical from the transverse direction, thereby driving the pressing rod to descend to press the workpiece, the rocker arm swings forwards around the lower end of the rocker arm under the restraint of the transverse direction (no displacement) of the pressing rod, the fulcrum axis intersects at least the fulcrum hinge axis or passes rearwardly beyond the hinge axis as the resistance arm compresses the workpiece, from this formation auto-lock avoids the lever to revolve under the reaction force, and simultaneously, the stopper restriction lever continues to rotate to compressing tightly the direction, thereby avoids continuing to rotate the drive compressing rod and goes upward, forms and compresses tightly the auto-lock (compress tightly the mechanical structure that pole and drive lever constitute promptly and be similar to connecting rod crank structure, nevertheless owing to carry on spacingly by the stopper, avoid forming and be similar to connecting rod crank's circular motion to form the auto-lock).

The pressing assembly further comprises a base, the base is fixed on the upper longitudinal beam, the pressing rod can reciprocate up and down in a single degree of freedom and is arranged on the base, the two rocker arms are respectively arranged on two sides of the base, and the lower ends of the two rocker arms are coaxially hinged to the base; when the pressing rod presses a workpiece through the pressing part, the axis of the pressing rod is intersected with or exceeds the axis of the fulcrum backwards, and at the moment, the limiting block props against the resistance arm of the driving lever from the back side;

as shown in the figure, the base is fixed on the surface of the upper longitudinal beam through a detachable structure, and a through hole for the compression rod to pass through is formed in the upper longitudinal beam; the base comprises a base plate and a guide sleeve, the base plate is detachably connected with the upper longitudinal beam through a connecting hole (a bolt penetrates through the connecting hole, and a waist-shaped hole is generally adopted), so that the base has strong adaptability; the guide sleeve is fixed on the base plate through threaded connection, and the structure is simple; as shown in the figure, the lower end of the guide sleeve is provided with an external thread which is screwed on the internal thread on the base plate to form connection, and in order to avoid falling off, the lower end of the guide sleeve is also locked by a locking nut; the lower end of the rocker arm is hinged on the guide sleeve, the structure is simple and practical, the whole locking assembly forms a module, and the hinged part is installed on the base plate after being completely processed;

the backward direction in the invention refers to the direction of swinging of the power arm when the driving lever presses the workpiece, and the back side is the side corresponding to the backward direction, which is not described in detail herein.

Due to the action of the limiting block, the resistance wall of the lever is prevented from continuously rotating, the rocker arm cannot continuously rotate under the action of the limiting block, namely, interlocking is formed, and the axis of the pressing rod is intersected with or backwards exceeds the axis of the fulcrum (generally, the axis is intersected), namely, a stable retraction mechanism is formed, and loosening is avoided.

Furthermore, the base is detachably and fixedly connected to the upper longitudinal beam, the driving lever is of a right-angle structure taking a fulcrum as a boundary, the resistance arm forms a fork-shaped groove, the pressing rod is located in the fork-shaped groove and hinged to the end portion of the resistance arm, and the fork-shaped structure is beneficial to stable connection and does not apply deflection force, so that the structure is stable and the service life is long; as shown in the figure, the driving lever is of a right-angle structure taking the fulcrum as a boundary, namely, the power arm is bent forwards at the fulcrum, so that the operation is convenient, and the interference with the rocker arm (the limiting block) is avoided.

Furthermore, the workpiece is in abutting contact with the upper shielding ring and the lower shielding ring to form radial sealing, and the radial sealing means that a sealing ring is arranged on the end face to prevent liquid from leaking in the radial direction.

Furthermore, the reducing compensation part can be arranged on the bottom plate in a positioning mode, the inner circle of the reducing compensation part is provided with a step for arranging the lower shielding ring, as shown in the figure, the lower end of the outer circle of the reducing compensation part forms a stepped shaft structure, the small-diameter shaft section penetrates through a bottom plate channel on the bottom plate, when the small-diameter shaft section is used, a radial seal is formed between the end face and the upper end face of the electroplated flow guide part (the bottom plate is insulated from an electroplating environment), the shaft shoulder of the large-diameter shaft section is downwards abutted to the edge of the bottom plate channel, the inner circle of the reducing compensation part is provided with the step for arranging the lower shielding ring, and the inner diameter of; the upper shielding ring is coaxially arranged in the inner circle of the positioning sleeve, and the pressing component presses the workpiece through the upper shielding ring.

The part directly contacted with the cylinder body is generally sealed by an acid and alkali resistant fluororubber sealing ring, such as the sealing between the upper and lower shielding rings and the workpiece, so that the sealing is ensured, and meanwhile, the tight contact between the shielding rings and the workpiece cylinder body can be ensured to successfully transfer burrs; the sealing which is not in direct contact with the workpiece adopts EVA foam (such as between a lower shielding ring and a reducing compensation part) so as to reduce the clamping action of an operator for placing/taking out the rubber ring and improve the clamping efficiency; as shown in the figure, the bottom plate is provided with a positioning hole for positioning the bottom plate on an electroplating device, after a workpiece is arranged on the device, the tool is moved to the electroplating device and is matched with the positioning bulge on the device through the positioning hole, the arrangement position is matched with an electroplating solution flow channel of the device, and the normal operation of electroplating is ensured.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the universal tool for electroplating outside the cylinder groove, a workpiece is installed on the tool to form a fixed modular structure and is transferred to each station of electroplating, the overall height is adjusted through the installation auxiliary assembly matched with the workpiece to be matched with the anode, different workpieces do not need to be replaced, the production line does not need to be stopped, different workpieces are replaced and are directly installed on the tool and placed in the electroplating device, the matched installation auxiliary assembly can also compensate installation differences between different inner diameters and bottom plates of different workpieces, and the universality on the height and the diameter is formed; therefore, the invention has universality for electroplating outside the cylinder body and is suitable for workpieces with various sizes, realizes seamless switching of products, avoids capacity loss caused by wire stop, quickly meets delivery requirements, reduces switching time of mature products to the minimum, and reduces capacity loss to the minimum.

Drawings

The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.

FIG. 1 is a structural cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1A;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1B;

figure 4 is a perspective view of the present invention (mounted on the device).

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the structure of the present invention, fig. 2 is an enlarged view of fig. 1A, fig. 3 is an enlarged view of fig. 1B, and fig. 4 is a perspective view (mounted on the device) of the present invention, as shown in the drawings: the general tool for electroplating outside the cylinder body tank comprises a mounting frame assembly and an installation auxiliary assembly, wherein the mounting frame assembly comprises a fixing frame and a pressing assembly 1;

the fixed frame comprises a bottom plate 2 and a frame fixed on the bottom plate;

the installation auxiliary assembly is used for installing a workpiece, is installed on the bottom plate after being compensated in height and diameter and is pressed by the pressing assembly 1, and is also used for introducing electroplating solution into the cylinder body and passing through the anode;

when the tool is used, a workpiece is arranged on the tool and then transferred to each station of electroplating, the overall height is adjusted to be matched with the anode through the installation auxiliary assembly matched with the workpiece, the anode does not need to be replaced for different workpieces 9, so that the production line does not need to be stopped, different workpieces are replaced and directly arranged on the tool and arranged on the electroplating device, the matched installation auxiliary assembly can also form transition between the workpiece and the electroplating device, the installation difference between different inner diameters and bottom plates of different workpieces is compensated, and the universality on the height and the diameter is formed;

the installation auxiliary assembly can adopt a cylindrical structure, is matched with the workpiece 9 in height, so that the total height is matched with the height of the anode, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical structure is variable, so that the installation auxiliary assembly is suitable for transition between the bottom plate and the inner diameter of the workpiece, and is not repeated herein; of course, the structure of the installation auxiliary assembly is not necessarily cylindrical, and can be any shape for achieving the above purpose, and the description is omitted;

In this embodiment, the installation auxiliary assembly includes a variable diameter compensation part 3, the variable diameter compensation part 3 is a cylinder with an axial through hole and can be installed on the bottom plate in a positioning manner and insulate the bottom plate from the electroplating environment, and the axial through hole is communicated with the inner hole of the workpiece for leading in electroplating solution through the anode; the lower ends of the different reducing compensation parts 3 have the same external dimension, the upper ends have the internal diameter dimension which is matched with the internal diameter of the corresponding workpiece, the total height of the reducing compensation parts after the workpieces are installed can be matched with an anode to finish electroplating, and when the reducing compensation parts are used, the workpieces are axially pressed on the reducing compensation parts by the pressing assembly;

the workpieces (air cylinders) with different heights and diameters are provided with variable-diameter compensation pieces with different heights, so that the total height of the workpieces arranged in the invention is not changed, and the workpieces can be matched with the height of the anode; as shown in the figure, the fixed diameter size of the lower ends of different reducing compensation pieces (different reducing compensation pieces matched with different workpieces) can be matched with a standard tool, the upper ends of the different reducing compensation pieces correspond to the inner diameters of the corresponding workpieces (the same diameter is concentric), the lower ends of the different reducing compensation pieces are used for penetrating through a bottom plate channel 201 on a bottom plate to be matched (the bottom plate is isolated from an electroplating environment), the upper portions of the different reducing compensation pieces are matched with the workpieces (the matching sizes of the different workpieces are different), and the total height of the reducing compensation pieces after the workpieces are installed enables the total height to be matched with the height of an anode to finish electroplating; the reducing compensation part 3 is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (certainly, other non-conductive materials with certain strength can be adopted, and the description is omitted), so that the reducing compensation part has an insulation effect and improves the electroplating efficiency.

In this embodiment, the auxiliary assembly for installation further comprises a shielding piece, the shielding piece comprises an upper shielding ring 7 and a lower shielding ring 10 which are made of non-metal conductive materials, the lower shielding ring 10 is coaxially embedded into the axial through hole of the reducing compensation piece 3 and is axially abutted to the lower end of the workpiece 9 in the same diameter, and the upper shielding ring 7 is abutted to the upper end of the workpiece 9 in the same diameter and is axially compressed by the compression assembly 1; the reducing compensation part is made of non-conductive materials, so that a stable electroplating working condition is formed on a conductive part, and the waste of materials and the interference to the electroplating working condition are avoided; the same-diameter mutual abutting means that the inner diameter of the upper shielding ring 7 and the inner diameter of the lower shielding ring 10 are the same as and coaxial with the inner diameter of the workpiece 9, edge burrs generated in the electroplating process are led to the upper edge of the upper shielding ring and the lower edge of the lower shielding ring in the electroplating process so as to ensure the electroplating quality, and the upper shielding ring 7 and the lower shielding ring 10 are made of conductive materials, so that the description is omitted; of course, radial seals are required to be formed between the upper shielding ring 7 and the lower shielding ring 10 and the workpiece 9 (cylinder) to prevent the electroplating solution from leaking; the lower end face (contacted and abutted with the upper end face of the cylinder body) of the upper shielding ring 7 and the upper end face (contacted and abutted with the lower end face of the cylinder body) of the lower shielding ring 10 are respectively provided with a sealing ring 12 and a sealing ring 13 (an annular sealing ring groove can be arranged on the corresponding end face and is used for placing the sealing ring), the sealing ring is generally made of acid and alkali resistant fluororubber, and the purposes of sealing and contact abutment can be realized through external force compression deformation; the lower end of the inner circle of the upper shielding ring forms an annular chamfer, the upper end of the inner circle of the lower shielding ring forms an annular chamfer, and the chamfer structure can guide burrs to grow towards a sudden change position, so that the interference on electroplating of the cylinder body is avoided, and meanwhile, the structure is favorable for ensuring that the interference on the flow of electroplating solution is not generated; the upper shielding ring and the lower shielding ring are made of non-metal conductive materials (such as conductive rubber or plastics), when in actual use, the inner plating layer can be separated from the upper shielding ring and the lower shielding ring by using a small external force (because the binding force between the non-metal conductive materials and a metal plating layer is generally small), for example, the plating layer can be directly peeled off by using a sharp tool, or the upper shielding ring and the lower shielding ring can be deformed by using a small external force (such as hand holding) to peel off the plating layer, the non-metal conductive materials with the set elastic modulus can be deformed by using the non-metal conductive materials with the set elastic modulus, but can bear the pressing force of a workpiece during electroplating to ensure the smooth operation of the electroplating process, so that the plating layer and burrs of the inner circle of the shielding ring can be separated from the inner circle of the shielding ring, the shielding ring can be used for the second time, and, the consumption and the electroplating cost are reduced; and metallic shield ring (generally for aluminium) cladding material and burr and shielding ring combine closely, can't drop, adopt chemistry to remove the mode of cladding material and handle, need provide and remove the plating place to the shielding ring removes to plate many times the back can influence the later stage and use and scrap, and the cladding material also can't be retrieved and along with the waste liquid discharges, causes very big waste.

In the embodiment, the upper shielding ring and the lower shielding ring are both made of POM (polyoxymethylene) material and carbon powder, the addition proportion is less than or equal to 1% by mass, and about 0.4% is preferred, so that the conductive coating has good physical properties and chemical properties, good conductivity, easy shedding of the coating, long-term use without replacement and electroplating cost saving.

Because the plating layer can be stripped by a simple physical method, a deplating process is not needed, the shielding ring is hardly lost, the service life is long, the shielding ring can be continuously used for half a year to one year, and the low consumption cost for manufacturing the shielding ring every month can be reduced by over 75 percent; nitric acid is not used for stripping the shielding ring, the requirement of environmental protection is met, the stripping cost of the used nitric acid can be reduced by over 60 percent, the stripping time does not need to be waited, the nitric acid can be quickly put into the next round for use, and the nitric acid can be used for daily standby by 20 percent; no wastewater treatment pressure and corresponding cost are required; the stripped nickel layer can be recycled, thereby saving the field and reducing the cost.

In this embodiment, the installation auxiliary assembly further includes a positioning sleeve 8, the positioning sleeve 8 is provided with a positioning pin 801 which is matched with an installation threaded hole on the workpiece 9, and is positioned by the positioning pin 801 so that the positioning sleeve is concentric with the workpiece, and the upper shielding ring 7 is concentrically arranged in the positioning sleeve 8 and is concentrically matched with the workpiece 9 in the same diameter by the positioning sleeve 8;

the mounting threaded hole on the workpiece 9 refers to a threaded hole on the end face of the workpiece, the positioning sleeve aims to ensure that the positioning sleeve 8 is concentric with the workpiece by utilizing the matching between the positioning pin and the mounting threaded hole (the positioning pin is inserted into the threaded hole to form positioning), and the upper shielding ring 7 is mounted on the inner circle of the positioning sleeve so as to form coaxial matching with the workpiece in the same diameter; the locating pin generally is two at least, and this embodiment is two that the symmetry set up promptly, guarantees positioning accuracy.

The specific installation process is as follows: the reducing compensation part 3 is positioned and placed on the bottom plate 2 (a sealing ring can be used, the sealing ring can be made of EVA foam), the lower shielding ring 10 is placed on the reducing compensation part 3, a sealing part (the sealing mode is not limited) can be arranged between the lower end and the reducing compensation part 3, the sealing ring is placed on the upper end face of the lower shielding ring 10 to set the position, a workpiece is placed on the lower shielding ring, the upper shielding ring is placed after the positioning of the positioning sleeve, and the pressing device is used for pressing the lower shielding ring.

In the embodiment, the frame is provided with a fixed upper longitudinal beam 6, the pressing component 1 is arranged on the upper longitudinal beam 6, and a pressing part 5 which can be driven to reciprocate up and down is arranged for pressing or releasing a workpiece 9; the structure can adopt any existing mechanical structure, including manual or electric, and can be realized by adopting the existing mechanical structure, which is not described again; as shown in the figure, the frame includes four upright posts 4 detachably fixed on the bottom plate 2 (by bolts), two upright posts 4 are respectively disposed on two longitudinal sides (according to the arrangement direction of the plurality of workpieces), an upper cross beam 12 is fixedly connected between the upper portions of the two upright posts 4 (by bolts), and the upper longitudinal beam 6 is fixedly connected between the two upper cross beams 12 to form a stable structure of fixed connection, which is not described herein again.

In this embodiment, the pressing assembly 1 includes a pressing rod 101 capable of being driven to reciprocate up and down along the upper longitudinal beam 6 and a lever assembly for driving the pressing rod 101 to reciprocate, and the pressing portion 5 is located at the lower end of the pressing rod 101; the lever assembly comprises a driving lever (comprising a power arm 1021 and a resistance arm 1022) and a rocker arm, wherein the resistance end (namely the end part of the resistance arm) of the lever is rotatably hinged at the upper end of the pressing rod 101, the lower end of the rocker arm can rotate in a single degree of freedom relative to the upper longitudinal beam, and the upper end of the rocker arm is coaxially hinged with the fulcrum of the driving lever in a single degree of freedom rotation; a limiting block 104 is arranged on the rocker arm, and the limiting block 104 limits the lever to continue rotating towards the pressing direction when the lever is driven to drive the pressing rod 101 to press the workpiece;

the reciprocating motion of the pressing rod 101 is generally single degree of freedom, that is, only reciprocating motion is performed, the pressing part 5 can be integrally formed with the pressing rod 101 or can be detachably arranged in a split manner, in the embodiment, the pressing part with a plate-shaped structure is adopted, and the pressing part is generally movably connected with the end part of the pressing rod with a certain degree of freedom, such as a movable head like a ball hinge, so that the pressing end face can be adapted to, and the coaxiality of workpieces can be ensured;

the upper end of the rocker arm is hinged with the fulcrum of the driving lever through the fulcrum hinged shaft 14, the driving lever rotates around the fulcrum under the action of external force to enable the resistance arm 1022 to approach to be vertical from the transverse direction, so that the pressing rod 101 is driven to press a workpiece downwards, the rocker arm swings forwards around the hinged point at the lower end of the rocker arm under the transverse (no displacement) constraint of the pressing rod 101, when the resistance arm 1022 presses the workpiece, the fulcrum axis is at least intersected with the fulcrum hinged axis (the axis of the hinged shaft 14) or exceeds the hinged axis backwards, so that self-locking is formed, the lever is prevented from rotating under the reaction force, meanwhile, the limiting block limits the lever to rotate continuously in the pressing direction, so that the pressing rod is prevented from rotating continuously to drive the pressing rod to move upwards, and pressing self-locking is formed (namely, the mechanical structure formed by the pressing rod and the driving lever is similar to, thereby forming a self-lock).

In this embodiment, the pressing assembly 1 further includes a base, the base is fixed to the upper longitudinal beam 6, the pressing rod 101 is disposed on the base in a manner of single-degree-of-freedom up-and-down reciprocating motion, the two rocker arms are respectively arranged on two sides of the base (the rocker arm 1031 and the rocker arm 1032), the lower ends of the two rocker arms are coaxially hinged to the base, and the upper ends of the two rocker arms are respectively coaxially hinged to two sides of a fulcrum of the driving lever (i.e., the two rocker arms rotate coaxially with the; when the pressing rod 101 presses a workpiece through the pressing part, the axis of the pressing rod is intersected with or exceeds the axis of the fulcrum backwards, and at the moment, the limiting block supports against the resistance arm of the driving lever from the back side;

as shown in the figure, the base is fixed on the surface of the upper longitudinal beam 6 through a detachable structure, and a through hole for the compression rod to pass through is formed in the upper longitudinal beam 6; the base comprises a base plate 105 and a guide sleeve 107, the guide sleeve is provided with a guide slideway, the guide slideway is vertically arranged right opposite to the through hole on the upper longitudinal beam, and the pressing rod penetrates through the guide slideway and is matched with the guide slideway in a way of reciprocating up and down; the base plate 105 is detachably connected with the upper longitudinal beam 6 through a connecting hole (a bolt passes through, and a waist-shaped hole is generally adopted), so that the base plate has strong adaptability; the guide sleeve 107 is fixed on the base plate 105 through threaded connection, and the structure is simple; as shown in the figure, the lower end of the guide sleeve 107 is provided with external threads, and is screwed on the internal threads on the base plate 105 in a manner that the axis (the direction of the guide slideway) is vertical to the base plate 105 to form connection, and in order to avoid falling off, the connection is also locked by a locking nut 106; the pressing rod passes through the guide sleeve 107 along the vertical direction and is matched with the guide sleeve in a reciprocating motion (generally, the pressing rod has a single degree of freedom); the lower ends of the rocker arms 1031 and 1032 are symmetrically hinged to two sides of the guide sleeve 107 respectively, the structure is simple and practical, the whole locking assembly forms a module, and the hinged part is installed on the base plate after being completely processed;

the backward direction in the present invention refers to the direction (the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 4) of the resistance arm 1022 swinging when the driving lever presses the workpiece, and the back side is the side corresponding to the backward direction, which is not described in detail herein.

Due to the action of the stopper 14, the resistance wall 1022 of the lever is prevented from further rotating, the rocker arm 1031 and the rocker arm 1031 cannot further rotate under the action of the stopper, that is, an interlock is formed, and the axis of the compression rod intersects with or goes back beyond the axis of the fulcrum (generally, the axes intersect), that is, a stable retraction mechanism is formed, and the release is avoided.

In this embodiment, the base is detachably and fixedly connected to the upper longitudinal beam 6, the driving lever is a right-angle structure taking a fulcrum as a boundary, the resistance arm 1022 forms a fork-shaped groove, the compression bar 101 is located in the fork-shaped groove and is hinged to the end of the resistance arm, the fork-shaped structure is beneficial to stable connection and does not apply a biasing force, so that the structure is stable and the service life is long; as shown in the figure, the driving lever is a right-angle structure (i.e. the power arm 1021 and the resistance arm 1022 are right-angled) using the fulcrum as a boundary, i.e. at the fulcrum, the power arm is bent forwards, so that the operation is convenient and the interference with the rocker arm (the limiting block) is avoided.

In this embodiment, the workpiece 9 is in tight contact with the upper shield ring 7 and the lower shield ring 10 to form a radial seal, which means that a seal ring is disposed on an end surface to prevent liquid from leaking in a radial direction.

In this embodiment, the reducing compensation part 3 is installed on the bottom plate 2 in a positionable manner, and a step for placing the lower shielding ring 10 is arranged in an inner circle (generally coaxial with the bottom plate channel 201), wherein the inner diameter of the step is larger than the inner diameter of the lower shielding ring 10, so that the stable flow of the electroplating solution is ensured; the upper shielding ring 7 is coaxially arranged on the inner circle of the positioning sleeve 8, and the pressing component 1 presses the workpiece 9 through the upper shielding ring 7; reducing compensation piece 3 can fix a position and install in bottom plate 2 and can adopt multiple mechanical structure, for example form annular heavy groove on bottom plate passageway 201 (the shape is the same with the radial overall dimension of reducing compensation piece, and this embodiment is circular), annular heavy groove is arranged in to reducing compensation piece, forms horizontal location and reaches coaxial effect promptly, also can adopt the structure as shown in the figure: the lower extreme of reducing compensation piece excircle forms the step shaft structure, forms radial seal (make bottom plate and electroplating environment insulating) between terminal surface and the water conservancy diversion spare up end of electroplating when minor diameter shaft section passes the bottom plate passageway on the bottom plate and uses, and the shaft shoulder of major diameter shaft section supports the border at the bottom plate passageway downwards.

The part directly contacted with the workpiece (cylinder body) is generally sealed by an acid and alkali resistant fluororubber sealing ring, such as the sealing between the upper and lower shielding rings and the workpiece, so that the sealing is ensured, and meanwhile, the close contact between the shielding rings and the workpiece cylinder body can be ensured to successfully transfer burrs; the sealing which is not in direct contact with the workpiece adopts EVA foam (such as between a lower shielding ring and a reducing compensation part) so as to reduce the clamping action of an operator for placing/taking out the rubber ring and improve the clamping efficiency; as shown in the figure, the bottom plate is provided with a positioning hole for positioning the bottom plate on the electroplating device, after a workpiece is installed on the electroplating device, the tool is moved to the electroplating device and matched with a positioning bulge 1101 on the device 11 through a positioning hole space 202, so that the installation position is matched with an electroplating solution flow channel of the device, and the normal operation of electroplating is ensured.

The plating outside the bath of the present invention refers to dynamic plating by circulating plating liquid outside the plating bath, and will not be described herein.

In this embodiment, an engine cylinder is taken as an example, and actually, the technical solution claimed in the present invention is not limited to the engine cylinder, but may be a compressor cylinder, a plunger pump cylinder, and other cylinders having similar structures, which are not described herein again.

Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a general type frock for cylinder body external bath electroplates which characterized in that: the device comprises a mounting frame assembly and a mounting auxiliary assembly, wherein the mounting frame assembly comprises a fixed frame and a pressing assembly;

the installation auxiliary assembly is used for installing a workpiece, is installed on the bottom plate after being compensated in height and diameter and is pressed by the pressing assembly, and is also used for introducing electroplating solution into the cylinder body and forming an electroplating environment between the anode and the workpiece through the anode;

the installation auxiliary assembly comprises a variable-diameter compensating piece, the variable-diameter compensating piece is a cylinder with an axial through hole and can be positioned and installed on the bottom plate and insulate the bottom plate from an electroplating environment, and the axial through hole is communicated with an inner hole of the workpiece and is used for leading electroplating liquid through an anode; different the reducing compensation piece lower extreme has the same overall dimension with the bottom plate cooperation installation, and the upper end has the internal diameter size that suits with corresponding work piece internal diameter, just total height behind the reducing compensation piece installation work piece can accomplish with the positive pole cooperation and electroplate, during the use, the work piece by compress tightly the subassembly axial compress tightly in the reducing compensation piece.

2. The universal tool for cylinder body out-of-tank electroplating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the installation auxiliary assembly further comprises a shielding piece, the shielding piece comprises an upper shielding ring and a lower shielding ring which are made of non-metal conductive materials, the lower shielding ring is coaxially embedded into the axial through hole and axially abuts against the lower end of the workpiece in the same diameter, and the upper shielding ring abuts against the upper end of the workpiece in the same diameter and is axially compressed by the compressing assembly; the reducing compensation part is made of a non-conductive material.

3. The universal tool for cylinder body out-of-tank electroplating according to claim 2, characterized in that: the installation auxiliary assembly further comprises a positioning sleeve, a positioning pin matched with the installation threaded hole in the workpiece is installed on the positioning sleeve, the positioning sleeve is positioned through the positioning pin, so that the positioning sleeve and the workpiece are concentric, and the upper shielding ring is concentrically arranged in the positioning sleeve and is concentrically matched with the workpiece in the same diameter through the positioning sleeve.

4. The universal tool for cylinder body out-of-tank electroplating according to claim 1, characterized in that: the frame is provided with a fixed upper longitudinal beam, the pressing assembly is arranged on the upper longitudinal beam, and a pressing part which can be driven to reciprocate up and down is arranged for pressing or releasing a workpiece.

5. The universal tool for cylinder body out-of-tank electroplating according to claim 4, wherein the tool comprises: the pressing assembly comprises a pressing rod capable of being driven to reciprocate up and down along the upper longitudinal beam and a lever assembly for driving the pressing rod to reciprocate, and the pressing part is positioned at the lower end of the pressing rod; the lever assembly comprises a driving lever and a rocker arm, the resistance end of the lever is rotatably hinged to the upper end of the pressing rod, the lower end of the rocker arm can rotate in a single degree of freedom relative to the upper longitudinal beam, and the upper end of the rocker arm is coaxially hinged to the fulcrum of the driving lever in a single degree of freedom; the rocker arm is provided with a limiting block, and the limiting block limits the lever to continue rotating towards the pressing direction when the pressing rod is driven by the driving lever to press the workpiece.

6. The universal tool for cylinder body out-of-tank electroplating according to claim 5, wherein the tool comprises: the pressing assembly further comprises a base, the base is fixed on the upper longitudinal beam, the pressing rod can reciprocate up and down in a single degree of freedom and is arranged on the base, the two rocker arms are respectively arranged on two sides of the base, and the lower ends of the two rocker arms are coaxially hinged to the base; when the pressing rod presses the workpiece through the pressing part, the axis of the pressing rod is intersected with or exceeds the axis of the fulcrum backwards, and at the moment, the limiting block supports against the resistance arm of the driving lever from the back side.

7. The universal tool for cylinder body out-of-tank electroplating according to claim 6, characterized in that: the base is detachably and fixedly connected to the upper longitudinal beam, the driving lever is of a right-angle structure taking the fulcrum as a boundary, the resistance arm forms a fork-shaped groove, and the pressing rod is located in the fork-shaped groove and hinged to the end portion of the resistance arm.

8. The universal tool for cylinder body out-of-tank electroplating according to claim 2, characterized in that: the workpiece is in abutting contact with the upper shielding ring and the lower shielding ring, and a radial seal is formed.

9. The universal tool for cylinder body out-of-tank electroplating according to claim 2, characterized in that: the reducing compensation part can be arranged on the bottom plate in a positioning mode, a step for arranging the lower shielding ring is arranged on the inner circle of the reducing compensation part, and the inner diameter of the step is larger than that of the lower shielding ring; the upper shielding ring is coaxially arranged on the inner circle of the positioning sleeve, and the pressing component presses the workpiece through the upper shielding ring; the bottom plate is provided with a positioning hole for positioning and placing the bottom plate in the electroplating device.