CN110759784A - Preparation process of cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer - Google Patents
Preparation process of cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110759784A CN110759784A CN201911270532.6A CN201911270532A CN110759784A CN 110759784 A CN110759784 A CN 110759784A CN 201911270532 A CN201911270532 A CN 201911270532A CN 110759784 A CN110759784 A CN 110759784A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process of a cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: (1) domesticating trichoderma seed liquid with cowpeas, (2) obtaining pretreated soybean straws; (3) obtaining a pre-fermentation product; (4) domesticating cowpea and fermenting with trichoderma; the cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw-based fertilizer prepared by the method can obviously improve the organic matter content and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium components of soil, greatly improve the nutrient content of the soil and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and particularly relates to a preparation process of a cowpea domesticated trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer.
Background
In recent years, crop straws become a new source of pollution in rural areas. In summer and autumn and winter every year, a large amount of straws of wheat, soybean and the like are incinerated in the field, a large amount of dense smoke is generated, and the straw incineration method not only becomes a bottleneck problem of rural environment protection, but also even becomes a chief culprit of compromising urban environment.
Therefore, how to better utilize the crop straws and reduce the influence of the crop straws on the environment is a problem to be solved at present.
The soybean straw contains cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, trace elements and the like, and is rich in nutrition. The soybean straw is subjected to fertilizer production, the problem of accumulation of the soybean straw can be obviously solved, natural resources are fully utilized, however, the soybean straw can not be returned to the field well by processing the soybean straw in the prior art, and nutritional ingredients contained in the soybean straw are fully utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A preparation process of a cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) domesticating trichoderma in cowpea: inoculating trichoderma strains into a cowpea culture solution, culturing for 15-20 hours at the temperature of 20-24 ℃ and the pH value of 7-8, adding alginate accounting for 3-5% of the mass of the trichoderma strains into the cowpea culture solution, uniformly stirring, then culturing for 18-20 hours at the temperature of 25-28 ℃ and the pH value of 4-5, and then culturing for 18-20 hours at the temperature of 30-33 ℃ and the pH value of 3-4 to obtain a cowpea domesticated trichoderma seed solution;
(2) pretreatment of soybean straws: cutting soybean straws to obtain soybean straw sections, carrying out steam fumigation treatment on the soybean straw sections, and then naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain pretreated soybean straws;
(3) pre-fermenting soybean straws: inoculating compound bacteria into the pretreated soybean straw obtained in the step (2), and then performing constant-temperature fermentation treatment at the temperature of 30-32 ℃ for 20-25 hours to obtain a pre-fermentation product;
(4) fermenting cowpea domestication trichoderma: adding the cowpea domesticated trichoderma obtained in the step (1) into the pre-fermentation product obtained in the step (3), uniformly stirring, fermenting at constant temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 4-6 days, and then adjusting the water content to 10% to obtain the cowpea domesticated trichoderma.
The trichoderma in the step (1) is corning trichoderma.
The preparation method of the cowpea culture solution in the step (1) comprises the following steps:
mixing cowpea with clear water according to the proportion of 150:300mL, heating to 90 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, then pulping to obtain cowpea soybean milk, adding glucose, ammonium chloride and potassium chloride into the cowpea soybean milk, and uniformly stirring to obtain the cowpea soybean milk;
the glucose, the ammonium chloride and the potassium chloride are mixed according to the following weight parts: 10:3: 3;
the adding amount of the glucose is 12.5-13% of the cowpea soybean milk.
The inoculation amount of the Trichoderma strain inoculated into the cowpea culture solution is 1.25 multiplied by 105cuf/200g。
In the step (1), the alginate is potassium alginate.
In the step (2), the fumigation treatment is carried out for 30min by adopting water vapor with the temperature of 100 ℃.
The inoculation amount of the compound bacteria inoculated in the pretreated soybean straws in the step (3) is 3.15 multiplied by 106cfu/200g。
The composite bacteria are bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, wherein the weight part ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis is 1: 2.
In the step (4), the cowpea domestication trichoderma and the pre-fermentation product are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 50-60.
According to the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw-based fertilizer prepared by the method can obviously improve the organic matter content and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium components of soil, greatly improve the nutrient content of the soil and improve the physicochemical property of the soil, can effectively promote the stable proliferation of the corning trichoderma strains by domesticating and culturing the corning trichoderma strains by adopting the cowpea culture solution, can screen out stable acid-resistant corning trichoderma strains by domestication treatment set by the invention, can keep a stable fermentation state in the subsequent fermentation treatment of the soybean straws, and avoids the problems that the pH value is reduced and the activity of the corning trichoderma is inhibited to cause fermentation stagnation due to continuous generation of acid in the fermentation process of the soybean straws in the subsequent fermentation process, through carrying out steam fumigation treatment on soybean straws, the fiber tissues of the soybean straws can be softened to a certain degree, so that water molecules can better permeate into the soybean straws, fermentation bacteria can permeate into the internal tissues of the soybean straws conveniently, the fermentation process is promoted, the pretreated soybean straws are fermented by composite bacteria combined by bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, the crystalline structure of the cellulose of the soybean straws can be effectively destroyed, the cellulose wrapped inside is exposed from the inside, meanwhile, various active substances and micromolecule nutrients which can be absorbed and utilized by crops can be generated through fermentation, the pre-fermented products are fermented by domesticating trichoderma, and various bioactive substances with antagonistic action on pathogenic fungi, bacteria and insects of the crops, such as cell wall degrading enzyme cellulase and secondary metabolites, can be generated, and can improve the stress resistance of crops, promote the growth of the crops and improve the yield of the crops.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation process of a cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer, and a person skilled in the art can use the content for reference and appropriately improve process parameters to realize the preparation process. It is expressly intended that all such similar substitutes and modifications apparent to those skilled in the art are deemed to be within the scope of the invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that variations and modifications in the methods and applications described herein, as well as other suitable variations and combinations, may be made to implement and use the techniques of this invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
A preparation process of a cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) domesticating trichoderma in cowpea: inoculating trichoderma koningii strains into a cowpea culture solution, culturing for 15-20 hours under the conditions that the temperature is 20-24 ℃ and the pH is 7-8, adding alginate accounting for 3-5% of the mass of the trichoderma koningii strains into the cowpea culture solution, stirring uniformly, then culturing for 18-20 hours under the conditions that the temperature is adjusted to 25-28 ℃ and the pH is 4-5, then culturing for 18-20 hours under the conditions that the temperature is adjusted to 30-33 ℃ and the pH is 3-4 to obtain cowpea domesticated trichoderma koningii seed solution, domesticating the trichoderma koningii strains by adopting the cowpea culture solution, effectively promoting the stable proliferation of the trichoderma koningii strains, screening stable acid-resistant trichoderma koningii strains through the domestication treatment set by the method, and further keeping a stable fermentation state in the subsequent fermentation treatment of soybean straws, the problems that in the subsequent fermentation process and the fermentation process of the soybean straws, acid is continuously generated to cause pH reduction, and the activity of the Corning trichoderma is inhibited to cause fermentation stagnation are avoided;
(2) pretreatment of soybean straws: cutting soybean straws to obtain soybean straw sections, carrying out steam fumigation treatment on the soybean straw sections, then naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain pretreated soybean straws, and softening soybean straw fiber tissues to a certain extent by carrying out steam fumigation treatment on the soybean straws, so that water molecules can better permeate into the soybean straws, and then zymogens can conveniently permeate into the internal tissues of the soybean straws to promote the fermentation process;
(3) pre-fermenting soybean straws: inoculating composite bacteria to the pretreated soybean straws obtained in the step (2), and then performing constant-temperature fermentation treatment at 30-32 ℃ for 20-25 hours to obtain a pre-fermentation product, wherein the pretreated soybean straws are fermented by the composite bacteria of bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, so that the cellulose crystal structure of the soybean straws can be effectively damaged, the cellulose wrapped inside is exposed from the inside, and meanwhile, various active substances and micromolecule nutrients which can be absorbed and utilized by crops can be generated through fermentation;
(4) fermenting cowpea domestication trichoderma: adding the cowpea domesticated trichoderma obtained in the step (1) into the pre-fermentation product obtained in the step (3), uniformly stirring, fermenting at constant temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 4-6 days, and then adjusting the water content to 10% to obtain the cowpea domesticated trichoderma fermented pre-fermentation product.
The trichoderma in the step (1) is corning trichoderma.
The preparation method of the cowpea culture solution in the step (1) comprises the following steps:
mixing cowpea with clear water according to the proportion of 150:300mL, heating to 90 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, then pulping to obtain cowpea soybean milk, adding glucose, ammonium chloride and potassium chloride into the cowpea soybean milk, and uniformly stirring to obtain the cowpea soybean milk;
the glucose, the ammonium chloride and the potassium chloride are mixed according to the following weight parts: 10:3: 3;
the adding amount of the glucose is 12.5-13% of the cowpea soybean milk.
The inoculation amount of the Trichoderma strain inoculated into the cowpea culture solution is 1.25 multiplied by 105cuf/200g。
In the step (1), the alginate is potassium alginate.
In the step (2), the fumigation treatment is carried out for 30min by adopting water vapor with the temperature of 100 ℃.
The inoculation amount of the compound bacteria inoculated in the pretreated soybean straws in the step (3) is 3.15 multiplied by 106cfu/200g。
The composite bacteria are bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, wherein the weight part ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis is 1: 2.
In the step (4), the cowpea domestication trichoderma and the pre-fermentation product are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 50-60.
In order to further understand the application, the preparation process of the cowpea domesticated trichoderma fermented soybean straw-based fertilizer provided by the application is specifically described in the following with the combination of the following examples:
example 1
The application of the preparation process of the cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) domesticating trichoderma in cowpea: inoculating trichoderma strains into a cowpea culture solution, wherein the preparation method of the cowpea culture solution comprises the following steps:
mixing cowpea with clear water according to the proportion of 150:300mL, heating to 90 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, then pulping to obtain cowpea soybean milk, adding glucose, ammonium chloride and potassium chloride into the cowpea soybean milk, and uniformly stirring to obtain the cowpea soybean milk; glucose, ammonium chloride, chlorineThe potassium dissolving mixture comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10:3: 3; the adding amount of the glucose is 12.5 percent of the mass of the cowpea soybean milk; culturing at 20 deg.C and pH of 7 for 15 hr, adding 3% potassium alginate, stirring, adjusting temperature to 25 deg.C and pH of 4, culturing for 18 hr, adjusting temperature to 30 deg.C and pH of 3, and culturing for 18 hr to obtain seed solution of cowpea domesticated Trichoderma (Trichoderma koningii) with inoculation amount of 1.25 × 105cuf/200g;
(2) Pretreatment of soybean straws: cutting soybean straws to obtain soybean straw sections, carrying out steam fumigation treatment on the soybean straw sections, wherein the fumigation treatment is carried out for 30min by adopting 100 ℃ steam, and then naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain pretreated soybean straws;
(3) pre-fermenting soybean straws: inoculating the compound bacteria into the pretreated soybean straws obtained in the step (2), wherein the inoculation amount of the compound bacteria inoculated into the pretreated soybean straws is 3.15 multiplied by 106cfu/200g, the composite bacteria are bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, wherein the weight part ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis is 1:2, and then the constant-temperature fermentation treatment is carried out for 20 hours at 30 ℃ to obtain a pre-fermentation product;
(4) fermenting cowpea domestication trichoderma: adding the cowpea domestication trichoderma obtained in the step (1) into the pre-fermentation product obtained in the step (3), wherein the cowpea domestication trichoderma and the pre-fermentation product are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 50, stirring uniformly, fermenting at constant temperature of 30 ℃ for 4 days, and then adjusting the water content to 10% to obtain the finished product.
Example 2
The application of the preparation process of the cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) domesticating trichoderma in cowpea: inoculating trichoderma strains into a cowpea culture solution, wherein the preparation method of the cowpea culture solution comprises the following steps:
mixing cowpea with clear water at a ratio of 150:300mL, heating to 90 deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 1 hr, pulping to obtain cowpea milk, adding water to obtain cowpea milkAdding glucose, ammonium chloride and potassium chloride, and stirring; the glucose, the ammonium chloride and the potassium chloride are mixed according to the following weight portions: 10:3: 3; the adding amount of the glucose is 13 percent of the mass of the cowpea soybean milk; culturing at 24 deg.C and pH 8 for 20 hr, adding 5% potassium alginate, stirring, adjusting temperature to 28 deg.C and pH 5, culturing for 18-20 hr, adjusting temperature to 33 deg.C and pH 4, and culturing for 20 hr to obtain seed solution of cowpea domesticated Trichoderma (Trichoderma koningii) inoculated with 1.25 × 10 Trichoderma strain5cuf/200g;
(2) Pretreatment of soybean straws: cutting soybean straws to obtain soybean straw sections, carrying out steam fumigation treatment on the soybean straw sections, wherein the fumigation treatment is carried out for 30min by adopting 100 ℃ steam, and then naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain pretreated soybean straws;
(3) pre-fermenting soybean straws: inoculating the compound bacteria into the pretreated soybean straws obtained in the step (2), wherein the inoculation amount of the compound bacteria inoculated into the pretreated soybean straws is 3.15 multiplied by 106cfu/200g, the composite bacteria are bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, wherein the weight part ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis is 1:2, and then the constant-temperature fermentation treatment is carried out at 32 ℃ for 25 hours to obtain a pre-fermentation product;
(4) fermenting cowpea domestication trichoderma: adding the cowpea domestication trichoderma obtained in the step (1) into the pre-fermentation product obtained in the step (3), wherein the cowpea domestication trichoderma and the pre-fermentation product are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 60, stirring uniformly, fermenting at the constant temperature of 35 ℃ for 6 days, and then adjusting the water content to 10% to obtain the finished product.
Example 3
The application of the preparation process of the cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer comprises the following steps:
(1) domesticating trichoderma in cowpea: inoculating trichoderma strains into a cowpea culture solution, wherein the preparation method of the cowpea culture solution comprises the following steps:
cowpea and clear water are mixed according to the proportion of 150:300mLMixing, heating to 90 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 1 hr, pulping to obtain cowpea soybean milk, adding glucose, ammonium chloride and potassium chloride into cowpea soybean milk, and stirring; the glucose, the ammonium chloride and the potassium chloride are mixed according to the following weight portions: 10:3: 3; the adding amount of the glucose is 12.8 percent of the mass of the cowpea soybean milk; culturing at 22 deg.C and pH of 7.5 for 18 hr, adding 4% potassium alginate, stirring, adjusting temperature to 26 deg.C and pH of 4-5, culturing for 19 hr, adjusting temperature to 32 deg.C and pH of 3.5, and culturing for 19 hr to obtain seed solution of cowpea domesticated Trichoderma (Trichoderma koningii) with inoculation amount of 1.25 × 105cuf/200g;
(2) Pretreatment of soybean straws: cutting soybean straws to obtain soybean straw sections, carrying out steam fumigation treatment on the soybean straw sections, wherein the fumigation treatment is carried out for 30min by adopting 100 ℃ steam, and then naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain pretreated soybean straws;
(3) pre-fermenting soybean straws: inoculating the compound bacteria into the pretreated soybean straws obtained in the step (2), wherein the inoculation amount of the compound bacteria inoculated into the pretreated soybean straws is 3.15 multiplied by 106cfu/200g, the composite bacteria are bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, wherein the weight part ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis is 1:2, and then the constant-temperature fermentation treatment is carried out for 22 hours at 31 ℃ to obtain a pre-fermentation product;
(4) fermenting cowpea domestication trichoderma: adding the cowpea domestication trichoderma obtained in the step (1) into the pre-fermentation product obtained in the step (3), wherein the cowpea domestication trichoderma and the pre-fermentation product are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 55, stirring uniformly, fermenting at the constant temperature of 32 ℃ for 5 days, and then adjusting the water content to 10% to obtain the finished product.
Mixing the samples in the examples and the field soil taken from the same test field according to a mass ratio of 1:5, stacking for 20 days at the same temperature and humidity, performing component detection (the total weight of each group of samples is 600g, ten samples are obtained, and the detection results are averaged), and detecting the contents of organic matters, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium:
TABLE 1
Control group: directly mixing the field soil and untreated soybean straw sections, and stacking for 20 days;
as can be seen from the table 1, the cowpea domesticated trichoderma fermented soybean straw-based fertilizer prepared by the method can obviously improve the organic matter content and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium components of soil, greatly improve the nutrient content of the soil and improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes, modifications, additions and substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation process of a cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) domesticating trichoderma in cowpea: inoculating trichoderma strains into a cowpea culture solution, culturing for 15-20 hours at the temperature of 20-24 ℃ and the pH value of 7-8, adding alginate accounting for 3-5% of the mass of the trichoderma strains into the cowpea culture solution, uniformly stirring, then culturing for 18-20 hours at the temperature of 25-28 ℃ and the pH value of 4-5, and then culturing for 18-20 hours at the temperature of 30-33 ℃ and the pH value of 3-4 to obtain a cowpea domesticated trichoderma seed solution;
(2) pretreatment of soybean straws: cutting soybean straws to obtain soybean straw sections, carrying out steam fumigation treatment on the soybean straw sections, and then naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain pretreated soybean straws;
(3) pre-fermenting soybean straws: inoculating compound bacteria into the pretreated soybean straw obtained in the step (2), and then performing constant-temperature fermentation treatment at the temperature of 30-32 ℃ for 20-25 hours to obtain a pre-fermentation product;
(4) fermenting cowpea domestication trichoderma: adding the cowpea domesticated trichoderma obtained in the step (1) into the pre-fermentation product obtained in the step (3), uniformly stirring, fermenting at constant temperature of 30-35 ℃ for 4-6 days, and then adjusting the water content to 10% to obtain the cowpea domesticated trichoderma.
2. The preparation process of the cowpea domesticated trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the trichoderma is trichoderma koningii.
3. The preparation process of the cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation method of the cowpea culture solution in the step (1) is as follows:
mixing cowpea with clear water according to the proportion of 150:300mL, heating to 90 ℃, preserving heat for 1 hour, then pulping to obtain cowpea soybean milk, adding glucose, ammonium chloride and potassium chloride into the cowpea soybean milk, and uniformly stirring to obtain the cowpea soybean milk;
the glucose, the ammonium chloride and the potassium chloride are mixed according to the following weight parts: 10:3: 3;
the adding amount of the glucose is 12.5-13% of the cowpea soybean milk.
4. The preparation process of the cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the inoculation amount of the trichoderma strains inoculated to the cowpea culture solution is 1.25 x 105cuf/200g。
5. The preparation process of the cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1), the alginate is potassium alginate.
6. The preparation process of the cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fumigation treatment in the step (2) is performed by fumigation treatment with 100 ℃ water vapor for 30 min.
7. The preparation process of the cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inoculation amount of the compound bacteria inoculated in the pretreated soybean straw in the step (3) is 3.15 x 106cfu/200g。
8. The preparation process of the cowpea domestication trichoderma fermented soybean straw-based fertilizer as claimed in claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the compound bacteria are bacillus subtilis and bacillus licheniformis, wherein the ratio of the bacillus subtilis to the bacillus licheniformis in parts by weight is 1: 2.
9. The preparation process of the cowpea domesticated trichoderma fermented soybean straw base fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cowpea domesticated trichoderma and the pre-fermentation product in the step (4) are mixed in a weight ratio of 1: 50-60.
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| CN114605177A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-06-10 | 四川见云环保科技有限公司 | Environment-friendly organic fertilizer and processing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200207 |