CN110758060A - 车辆热管理*** - Google Patents

车辆热管理*** Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110758060A
CN110758060A CN201811478415.4A CN201811478415A CN110758060A CN 110758060 A CN110758060 A CN 110758060A CN 201811478415 A CN201811478415 A CN 201811478415A CN 110758060 A CN110758060 A CN 110758060A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
chamber
battery
electrical component
management system
thermal management
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201811478415.4A
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English (en)
Inventor
吴万周
金才熊
李尚信
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Modern Auto Co Ltd
Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
Original Assignee
Modern Auto Co Ltd
Kia Motors Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Modern Auto Co Ltd, Kia Motors Corp filed Critical Modern Auto Co Ltd
Publication of CN110758060A publication Critical patent/CN110758060A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/14—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit
    • B60H1/143—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant, e.g. heat from the grease oil, the brakes, the transmission unit the heat being derived from cooling an electric component, e.g. electric motors, electric circuits, fuel cells or batteries
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    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F01P7/165—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control characterised by systems with two or more loops
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    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
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    • F28D1/0426—Multi-circuit heat exchangers, e.g. integrating different heat exchange sections in the same unit or heat exchangers for more than two fluids with units having particular arrangement relative to the large body of fluid, e.g. with interleaved units or with adjacent heat exchange units in common air flow or with units extending at an angle to each other or with units arranged around a central element
    • F28D1/0452—Combination of units extending one behind the other with units extending one beside or one above the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
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    • F28D2021/0091—Radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
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    • F28D2021/0091—Radiators
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种车辆热管理***。所述***包括散热器模块，其具有电池散热器和电器部件散热器。阀模块，其具有分成第一腔室和第二腔室的内部空间。每一个腔室包括第一通道、第二通道和第三通道。所述第一通道将每一个腔室连接至电池散热器，所述第二通道将每一个腔室连接至高压电池芯，所述第三通道将每一个腔室连接至电器部件散热器和电器部件芯。每一个腔室在其中包括引导单元，所述引导单元依据其旋转角度选择性地关闭所述第一通道、第二通道或者第三通道。致动器，其连接至所述引导单元，以调节所述引导单元的旋转角度。

Description

车辆热管理***
技术领域
本发明涉及一种车辆热管理***，更具体而言，涉及一种基于车辆的状态而改变高压电池芯和电器部件芯的冷却表面的车辆热管理***。
背景技术
近来，电动车辆正在兴起，以实现环境友好型技术，并且解决例如能量耗尽之类的问题。电动车辆使用接收电池供应的电力并且输出动力的电机来工作。因此，没有二氧化碳的排放，噪音最小，并且电机的能量效率高于发动机的能量效率，因此，电动车辆作为环境友好型车辆而引起关注。
用于实现这种电动车辆的关键技术是与电池模块相关的技术。近来，已经积极地进行了关于电池的重量减轻、小型化以及减少充电时间的研究。当在最佳温度环境中使用的时候，电池模块可以保持最佳性能和长使用寿命。然而，由于在行驶期间产生的热量和外部温度变化，可能难以在最佳温度环境中使用电池。
另外，由于电动车辆不具有用于在发动机(例如内燃机)中的燃烧期间产生的热量的废热源，因此，需要在冬天或者在较冷的温度期间，使用电加热装置进行车辆的室内加热，并且需要预热，以在寒冷期期间改善电池的充电和放电性能。因此，单独配置和使用了用于加热冷却水的电加热器。换而言之，为了保持电池模块的最佳温度环境，用于调节电池模块的温度的冷却和加热***与用于车辆的室内HVAC的加热和冷却***分开采用。建立两个独立的冷却和加热***，其中一个使用于室内冷却和加热，而另一个使用于电池模块的温度控制。
应当理解，提供背景技术的前述的描述仅仅是为了促进对本发明的背景的理解的目的，并且不应当解释为承认前面的描述对应于本领域技术人员已知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的一方面提供了一种车辆热管理***，其根据电动车辆的状态，在改变高压电池芯和电器部件芯的散热器散热区域的同时，最小化热管理装置的体积包装(package)。
为了实现上述方面，根据本发明的车辆热管理***可以包括：散热器模块，其具有电池散热器和电器部件散热器；阀模块，其具有分成第一腔室和第二腔室的内部空间，所述第一腔室和第二腔室的每一个可以包括第一通道、第二通道和第三通道，其中，所述第一通道将腔室的每一个连接至电池散热器，所述第二通道将所述腔室的每一个连接至高压电池芯，所述第三通道将所述腔室的每一个连接至电器部件散热器和电器部件芯，所述腔室的每一个可以在其中设置有引导单元，所述引导单元配置成基于其旋转角度而调节所述第一通道、第二通道或者第三通道的打开；以及致动器，其连接至所述引导单元，以调节所述引导单元的运动。
所述阀模块可以包括分隔壁，所述分隔壁将所述阀模块的内部空间分成上部和下部，以通过所述分隔壁将所述阀模块的内部空间分成所述上部中的第一腔室和所述下部中的第二腔室。所述第一腔室的引导单元与所述第二腔室的引导单元可以一体地形成为彼此连接，并且可以配置成通过旋转关闭布置在所述第一腔室中的第一通道、第二通道和第三通道以及布置在所述第二腔室中的第一通道、第二通道和第三通道之中的对应的通道。在所述散热器模块中，所述电池散热器和所述电器部件散热器可以在厚度方向上与彼此堆叠。
所述第一腔室中的通道和所述第二腔室中的通道可以分别连接至与所述第一腔室中的通道和所述第二腔室中的通道连接的部件的冷却水入口侧和冷却水出口侧，以使冷却水循环通过所述部件以及电池散热器或者电器部件散热器。在所述第一腔室中的第二通道与所述第二腔室中的第二通道之间，所述高压电池芯可以布置成彼此串联地连接至所述第一泵。在所述第一腔室中的第二通道与所述第二腔室中的第二通道之间，可以布置电池热交换管线，以彼此并联地连接至所述高压电池芯和所述第一泵，并且经过水加热器和电池制冷机。所述电池热交换管线可以配置成使得通过开关阀调节冷却水的流动。
所述车辆热管理***可以进一步包括控制器，其配置成控制所述致动器，以在需要电池冷却的时候，关闭所述第一腔室和第二腔室中的所述第三通道，关闭所述开关阀，并且驱动所述第一泵。所述车辆热管理***可以进一步包括控制器，其配置成控制所述致动器，以在需要电池加热器加热的时候，关闭所述第一腔室和第二腔室中的所述第二通道，打开所述开关阀，驱动所述第一泵，并且操作所述水加热器。在所述第一腔室中的第三通道与所述第二腔室中的第三通道之间，可以将电器部件芯和第二泵设置成彼此串联连接，电器部件散热器可以设置成并联连接至所述电器部件芯和所述第二泵。
所述车辆热管理***可以进一步包括控制器，其配置成操作所述致动器，以在需要电器部件冷却和电池冷却剂冷却的时候，关闭所述第一腔室和第二腔室中的所述第二通道，打开所述开关阀，并且操作所述第一泵和所述第二泵。所述车辆热管理***可以进一步包括控制器，其配置成操作所述致动器，以在需要电器部件废热回收的时候，关闭所述第一腔室和第二腔室中的所述第一通道，关闭所述开关阀，并且操作所述第一泵或者所述第二泵。
所述车辆热管理***可以进一步包括控制器，其配置成操作所述致动器，以在需要电器部件冷却的时候，关闭所述第一腔室和第二腔室中的所述第二通道，并且操作所述第二泵。所述车辆热管理***可以进一步包括控制器，其配置成操作所述致动器，以在需要电器部件冷却和电池冷却的时候，关闭所述第一腔室和第二腔室中的所述第二通道，关闭所述开关阀，并且操作所述第一泵和所述第二泵。
根据如上所述构成的车辆热管理***，可以基于电动车辆的状态，改变高压电池芯和电器部件芯的热交换散热器的热辐射面积，因此，可以实现最佳的热管理效率，并且可以提高车辆的可销售品质。此外，在散热器模块中，电池散热器和电器部件散热器配置成具有最佳的热交换效率，以改善车辆的热管理性能。
附图说明
通过随后结合附图所呈现的具体描述将会更为清楚地理解本发明的以上和其它方面、特征以及优点，在这些附图中：
图1为示意性地示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的车辆热管理***的框图；
图2为示意性地示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的散热器模块和阀模块的立体图；
图3为示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的阀模块的立体图；
图4A至图4C为示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的阀模块的操作的截面图；
图5为示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的电池冷却模式中的冷却水的流动的视图；
图6为示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的电池加热器加热模式中的冷却水的流动的视图；
图7为示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的电器部件冷却和电池冷却剂冷却模式中的冷却水的流动的视图；
图8为示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的电器部件废热回收模式中的冷却水的流动的视图；
图9是示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的电器部件冷却模式中的冷却水的流动的视图。
具体实施方式
应当理解，此处所使用的术语“车辆”或“车辆的”或其它类似术语一般包括机动车辆，例如包括运动型多用途车辆(SUV)、大客车、卡车、各种商用车辆的乘用汽车，包括各种舟艇、船舶的船只，航空器等等，并且包括混合动力车辆、电动车辆、插电式混合动力电动车辆、氢动力车辆以及其它替代性燃料车辆(例如源于非化石的能源的燃料)。正如此处所提到的，混合动力车辆是具有两种或更多动力源的车辆，例如汽油动力和电力动力两者的车辆。
虽然示例性的实施方案描述为使用多个单元以执行示例性的程序，但是应当理解，示例性的程序也可以由一个或多个模块执行。此外，应当理解的是术语控制器/控制器单元指代的是包含有存储器和处理器的硬件设备。该存储器被配置成存储模块，并且处理器具体配置成执行所述模块以执行以下进一步描述的一个或更多个程序。
另外，本发明的控制逻辑可以实施为计算机可读介质上的非瞬态计算机可读介质，其包含由处理器、控制器/控制器单元等执行的可执行程序指令。计算机可读介质的示例包括但不限于ROM、RAM、光碟(CD)-ROM、磁带、软盘、闪盘驱动器、智能卡和光学数据存储设备。计算机可读记录介质还可以分布在网络连接的计算机***上，使得计算机可读介质例如通过远程信息处理服务器或控制器区域网络(CAN)以分布方式存储和执行。
本文所用的术语仅为了描述特定实施例的目的，并不旨在限制本发明。正如本文所使用的，单数形式“一”、“一个”和“所述”旨在也包括复数形式，除非上下文另有清楚的说明。还将理解当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，指明存在所述特征、数值、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件，但是不排除存在或加入一种或更多种其他的特征、数值、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或其群体。正如本文所述的，术语“和/或”包括一种或更多种相关列举项目的任何和所有组合。
在下文中，将参考附图对根据本发明的示例性实施方案的车辆热管理***进行描述。
图1为示意性地示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的车辆热管理***的框图。参考图1，根据本发明的车辆热管理***可以包括：散热器模块10、阀模块40，所述散热器模块10具有电池散热器12和电器部件散热器14；所述阀模块40具有分成第一腔室42和第二腔室44的内部空间，所述第一腔室42和第二腔室44的每一个设置有第一通道42a或44a、第二通道42b或44b以及第三通道42c或44c。第一通道42a或44b将腔室的每一个连接至电池散热器12，第二通道42b或44b将腔室的每一个连接至高压电池芯20，第三腔室42c或44c将腔室的每一个连接至电器部件散热器14和电器部件芯30。腔室的每一个在其中可以包括：引导单元46和致动器60，所述引导单元46配置成调节第一通道42a或44a、第二通道42b或44b、或者第三通道42c或44c的打开程度，或者配置成基于其旋转角度，选择性地关闭第一通道42a或44a、第二通道42b或44b、或者第三通道42c或44c；所述致动器60连接至引导单元46，以调节引导单元46的旋转角度。
换而言之，在本发明中，电池散热器12与电器部件散热器14可以与彼此一体地设置，以构成散热器模块10，其中，所述电池散热器12配置成接收经过高压电池芯20的冷却水，并且配置成通过与外部空气热交换来冷却冷却水；所述电器部件散热器14配置成接收经过电器部件芯30的冷却水，并且配置成通过与外部空气热交换来冷却冷却水。散热器模块10可以包括引导单元46，以基于阀模块40的内部空间中的引导单元46的旋转角度从高压电池芯20或者电器部件芯30接收冷却水。特别地，引导单元46的旋转角度可以通过根据车辆的状态而工作的致动器60来调节，其详细操作将在后面描述。
高压电池芯20可以配置成在高压电池与冷却水之间的热进行交换，电器部件芯30可以包括电力控制单元(EPCU)、车载充电器(OBC)以及电机，并且配置成与冷却水进行热交换。特别地，阀模块40可以包括分隔壁48，分隔壁48将其内部空间分成上部和下部，并且阀模块40的内部空间可以通过分隔壁48而分成上部中的第一腔室42和下部中的第二腔室44。换而言之，由于阀模块40的内部空间在垂直方向上被分隔壁48分隔，从而形成第一腔室42和第二腔室44，并且腔室的每一个配置成使得冷却水经过形成在腔室的每一个中的第一、第二和第三通道而流入和流出。
在本发明中，第一腔室42的引导单元46和第二腔室44的引导单元46可以一体地形成为彼此连接，并且可以配置成通过旋转而关闭设置在第一腔室42中的第一、第二和第三通道以及设置在第二腔室44中的第一、第二和第三通道之中的对应的通道。例如，引导单元46可以穿过分隔壁48而设置在第一腔室42和第二腔室44中。特别地，可以密封穿透分隔壁48的部分，以防止冷却水在第一腔室42和第二腔室44之间流出。
然而，引导单元46不是必须设置成穿透分隔壁48，并且可以设置两个引导单元46，使得可以通过致动器60以相同的方式操作引导单元46的每一个。这依据设计者或者车辆是可改变的，并且不应当解释为限制。此外，本发明的散热器模块10可以配置成使得电池散热器12和电器部件散热器14布置成在厚度方向上彼此堆叠。
图2为示意性地示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的散热器模块10和阀模块40的立体图，图3为示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的阀模块的立体图，图4A至图4C为示出本发明的阀模块的操作的截面图。
参考图2和图3，电池散热器12和电器部件散热器14可以在厚度方向上紧靠彼此布置。特别地，由于散热量大于当散热器在竖直方向上以相同的散热面积排列的时候，因此，散热器可以在厚度方向上彼此相邻布置。此外，考虑到热辐射，将电池散热器12的厚度和电器部件散热器14的厚度设计为彼此相等是有利的。
因此，根据本发明，由于最大化了散热器模块10的冷却水热交换效率，因此，可以执行车辆部件的充分冷却，并且可以改善车辆性能。分隔成上腔室和下腔室的阀模块40可以布置在散热器模块10的具有在厚度方向上堆叠散热器的形状的一侧处，并且每一个腔室的第一通道42a或44a和第三通道42c或44c可以直接连接至电池散热器12和电器部件散热器14。特别地，考虑包装体积，冷却水入口和冷却水出口都形成在散热器模块10的一侧上可以是有利的。
此外，如图4A至图4C所示，阀模块40可以基于一体地设置在第一腔室和第二腔室的每一个中的引导单元46的旋转角度来改变冷却水的流动。图4A示出当第一通道与第三通道彼此连通的时候，引导单元46的旋转；图4B示出当第一通道与第二通道彼此连通的时候，引导单元46的旋转；图4C示出当第二通道与第三通道彼此连通的时候，引导单元46的旋转。
同时，参考图1，第一腔室42中的通道和第二腔室44中的通道可以分别连接至其待连接的部件的冷却水入口侧和冷却水出口侧，从而使冷却水循环通过该部件以及电池散热器12或者电器部件散热器14。换而言之，当第一腔室42将冷却水引入到电池散热器12或者电器部件散热器14的时候，第二腔室44可以配置成从电池散热器12或者电器部件散热器14接收冷却水。冷却水的流动也可以反向。
特别地，在本发明中，高压电池芯20可以布置在第一腔室42中的第二通道42b与第二腔室44中的第二通道44b之间，从而串联连接至第一泵25。此外，电池热交换管线50可以布置在第一腔室42中的第二通道42b与第二腔室44中的第二通道44b之间，以便因此与高压电池芯20和第一泵25并联连接，并且经过水加热器52和电池制冷机54。电池热交换管线50中的冷却水的流动可以通过开关阀56而进行调节。
如图1所示，开关阀56可以是安装在电池热交换管线50的端部处的三通阀，或者可以设置为安装在电池热交换管线50上的间歇阀。此外，电池制冷机54可以配置成在车辆内循环的冷却水与冷却剂之间单独地进行热交换。因此，通过关闭开关阀56，可以通过流过散热器模块10的冷却水来冷却高压电池；并且通过打开开关阀56，可以用电池制冷机54来冷却高压电池，或者用水加热器52来加热高压电池。后面将描述详细的操作模式。
特别地，图5为示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的电池冷却模式中的冷却水的流动的视图。参考图5，本发明的车辆热管理***可包括控制器70，控制器70配置成操作致动器60，以在需要电池冷却的时候，关闭第一腔室42和第二腔室44中的第三通道42c和44c，关闭开关阀56，以及驱动第一泵25。
换而言之，如图4B所示，可以操作阀模块40，以在第一通道和第二通道之间提供连通。因此，如图5中的粗实线所示，从第一泵25排出的冷却水可以循环通过第一腔室42、电池散热器12、第二腔室44、储液箱以及高压电池芯20。相应地，可以通过循环经过电池散热器12和高压电池芯20的冷却水来进行高压电池的冷却。特别地，控制器70可以配置成选择性地操作第二泵35，以通过电器部件散热器14而冷却电器部件芯30。
同时，图6为示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的电池加热器加热模式中的冷却水的流动的视图。参考图6，控制器70可以配置成操作致动器60，以在需要加热电池加热器的时候，关闭第一腔室42和第二腔室44中的第二通道42b和44b，打开开关阀56，驱动第一泵25，以及操作水加热器52。
换而言之，如图4A所示，可以操作阀模块40，以关闭第二通道，因此，从第一泵25排出的冷却水可以循环通过水加热器52、电池制冷机54以及高压电池20。当水加热器52操作的时候，可以加热冷却水，因此，加热的冷却水可以供应至高压电池芯20。据此，可以更准确地调节循环通过高压电池芯20的冷却水的温度。此外，在本发明的车辆热管理***中，电器部件芯30和第二泵35可以彼此串联连接在第一腔室42中的第三通道42c与第二腔室44中的第三通道44c之间，电器部件散热器14可以并联连接至电器部件芯30和第二泵35。
图7为示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的电器部件冷却和电池冷却剂冷却模式中的冷却水的流动的视图。参考图7，本发明的控制器70可以配置成操作致动器60，以在需要电器部件冷却和电池冷却剂冷却的时候，关闭第一腔室42和第二腔室44中的第二通道42b和44b，打开开关阀56，并且驱动第一泵25和第二泵35。
换而言之，当第一泵25和第二泵35在如图4B所示的操作阀模块40并且开关阀56打开的状态下操作的时候，冷却水可以在电器部件芯30与散热器模块10之间循环，并且冷却水可以在高压电池芯20与电池制冷机54之间循环，以便因此冷却高压电池和电器部件。
图8为示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的电器部件废热回收模式中的冷却水的流动的视图。参考图8，本发明的控制器70可以配置成操作致动器60，以在需要电器部件废热回收的时候，关闭第一腔室42和第二腔室44中的第一通道42a和44a，关闭开关阀56，并且驱动第一泵25或者第二泵35。
如图4C所示，当阀模块40在第二通道与第三通道之间提供连通的时候，开关阀56可以关闭，冷却水可以在高压电池芯20与电器部件芯30之间循环。在电器部件之中，车载充电器(OBC)可以配置成对高压电池充电，并且在该过程中产生大量的热量。因此，经过电器部件芯30的冷却水吸收OBC的废热。可以将加热的冷却水供应到高压电池芯20，从而加热高压电池。因此，即使当加热器不单独工作的时候，也可以加热高压电池，因此，在优化电池的热效率的同时，可以确保电动车辆的燃料效率。
图9是示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的电器部件冷却模式中的冷却水的流动的视图。参考图9，本发明的控制器70可以配置成操作致动器60，以在需要电器部件冷却的时候，关闭第一腔室42和第二腔室44中的第二通道42b和44b，并且驱动第二泵35。
如图4A所示，当阀模块40在第一通道与第三通道之间提供连通的时候，从第二泵35排出的冷却水可以循环通过电器部件芯30和电器部件散热器14，或者可以循环通过电器部件芯30、第二腔室44、电池散热器12以及第一腔室42。换而言之，由于电器部件芯30设置成通过冷却水与整个散热器模块10热交换，因此，可以最大化电器部件的冷却性能。
最后，参考图5，本发明的控制器70可以配置成操作致动器60，以在需要电器部件冷却和电池冷却的时候，关闭第一腔室42和第二腔室44中的第三通道42c和44c，关闭开关阀56，并且驱动第一泵25和第二泵35。换而言之，当电器部件和高压电池仅通过散热器模块10而冷却的时候，可以如图4B所示的操作阀模块40，并且可以关闭开关阀56，以通过电池散热器12而冷却高压电池的芯20，并且电器部件芯30可以由电器部件散热器14冷却。
根据如上所述构成的车辆热管理***，可以依据电动车辆的状态，改变高压电池芯和电器部件芯的热交换散热器的热辐射面积，因此，可以实现最佳的热管理效率，并且可以提高车辆的可销售品质。此外，在散热器模块中，电池散热器和电器部件散热器配置成具有最佳的热交换效率，从而可以改善车辆的热管理性能。
尽管本发明已对其具体实施方案进行说明和解释，但是对于本领域普通技术人员来说，显然可以对本发明进行各种修改和改变，而不脱离所附权利要求书所限定的本发明的技术理念的范围。

Claims (14)

1.一种车辆热管理***，包括：
散热器模块，其包括电池散热器和电器部件散热器；
阀模块，其具有分成第一腔室和第二腔室的内部空间，所述第一腔室和第二腔室的每一个包括第一通道、第二通道和第三通道，其中，所述第一通道将腔室的每一个连接至电池散热器，所述第二通道将所述腔室的每一个连接至高压电池芯，所述第三通道将所述腔室的每一个连接至电器部件散热器和电器部件芯，所述腔室的每一个在其中包括引导单元，所述引导单元配置成基于其旋转角度而调节所述第一通道、第二通道或者第三通道的打开程度；以及
致动器，其连接至所述引导单元，以调节所述引导单元的运动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆热管理***，其中，所述阀模块包括分隔壁，所述分隔壁将所述阀模块的内部空间分成上部和下部，以将所述阀模块的内部空间分成所述上部中的第一腔室和所述下部中的第二腔室。
3.根据权利要求1所述的车辆热管理***，其中，所述第一腔室的引导单元和所述第二腔室的引导单元一体地形成为彼此连接，并且配置成通过旋转而关闭布置在所述第一腔室中的第一通道、第二通道和第三通道以及布置在所述第二腔室中的第一通道、第二通道和第三通道之中的对应的通道。
4.根据权利要求1所述的车辆热管理***，其中，在所述散热器模块中，所述电池散热器和所述电器部件散热器布置成在厚度方向上堆叠。
5.根据权利要求1所述的车辆热管理***，其中，所述第一腔室中的通道和所述第二腔室中的通道分别连接至与所述第一腔室中的通道和所述第二腔室中的通道连接的部件的冷却水入口侧和冷却水出口侧，以使冷却水循环经过所述部件以及电池散热器或者电器部件散热器。
6.根据权利要求5所述的车辆热管理***，其中，所述高压电池芯布置在所述第一腔室中的第二通道与所述第二腔室中的第二通道之间，以串联连接至第一泵。
7.根据权利要求6所述的车辆热管理***，其中，电池热交换管线布置在所述第一腔室中的所述第二通道与所述第二腔室中的所述第二通道之间，以并联连接至所述高压电池芯和所述第一泵，并且经过水加热器和电池制冷机，其中，通过开关阀而调节电池热交换管线中的冷却水的流动。
8.根据权利要求7所述的车辆热管理***，进一步包括：
控制器，其配置成操作所述致动器，以在需要电池冷却的时候，关闭所述第一腔室和第二腔室中的所述第三通道，关闭所述开关阀，并且驱动所述第一泵。
9.根据权利要求7所述的车辆热管理***，进一步包括：
控制器，其配置成操作所述致动器，以在需要电池加热器加热的时候，关闭所述第一腔室和第二腔室中的所述第二通道，打开所述开关阀，驱动所述第一泵，并且操作所述水加热器。
10.根据权利要求6所述的车辆热管理***，其中，所述电器部件芯和第二泵布置在所述第一腔室中的所述第三通道与所述第二腔室中的所述第三通道之间，以彼此串联连接，所述电器部件散热器并联连接至所述电器部件芯和所述第二泵。
11.根据权利要求10所述的车辆热管理***，进一步包括：
控制器，其配置成操作所述致动器，以在需要电器部件冷却和电池冷却剂冷却的时候，关闭所述第一腔室和第二腔室中的所述第二通道，打开开关阀，并且驱动所述第一泵和所述第二泵。
12.根据权利要求10所述的车辆热管理***，进一步包括：
控制器，其配置成操作所述致动器，以在需要电器部件废热回收的时候，关闭所述第一腔室和第二腔室中的所述第一通道，关闭开关阀，并且驱动所述第一泵或者所述第二泵。
13.根据权利要求10所述的车辆热管理***，进一步包括：
控制器，其配置成操作所述致动器，以在需要电器部件冷却的时候，关闭所述第一腔室和第二腔室中的所述第二通道，并且驱动所述第二泵。
14.根据权利要求10所述的车辆热管理***，进一步包括：
控制器，其配置成操作所述致动器，以在需要电器部件冷却和电池冷却的时候，关闭所述第一腔室和第二腔室中的所述第三通道，关闭开关阀，并且驱动所述第一泵和所述第二泵。
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