CN110757274B - Method and device for laser-assisted grinding of end face of grinding wheel - Google Patents
Method and device for laser-assisted grinding of end face of grinding wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110757274B CN110757274B CN201911072855.4A CN201911072855A CN110757274B CN 110757274 B CN110757274 B CN 110757274B CN 201911072855 A CN201911072855 A CN 201911072855A CN 110757274 B CN110757274 B CN 110757274B
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- grinding wheel
- polarizer
- lead screw
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B7/10—Single-purpose machines or devices
- B24B7/16—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding end-faces, e.g. of gauges, rollers, nuts, piston rings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/0093—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring combined with mechanical machining or metal-working covered by other subclasses than B23K
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for dry grinding of an end face of a grinding wheel assisted by laser. The laser-assisted grinding of the end face of the grinding wheel preheats materials difficult to cut, so that the yield strength of the materials can be reduced, the abrasion of the grinding wheel in the machining process is reduced, the impact of the grinding wheel and a workpiece can be reduced, the quality of the machined surface is improved, the service life of the grinding wheel is prolonged, the surface burn is reduced, and the machining efficiency is improved.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a method and a device for dry grinding of an end face of a grinding wheel by laser assistance.
Background art:
with the rapid development of the fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, marine industry and the like, the requirements of various industries on the material performance, the processing quality, the processing efficiency and the like of product parts are higher and higher, and the high-performance engineering materials such as hard alloy, nickel-based high-temperature alloy and the like have good mechanical properties, but the processing performance is poorer, so the high-performance engineering materials belong to difficult-to-cut materials in the field of mechanical processing.
Most of the conventional end face grinding is made of high-strength and high-hardness materials, an end face grinding wheel is seriously abraded, and the grinding surface is burnt due to high temperature of the grinding surface in the grinding process. Therefore, in the machining process, cooling liquid needs to be continuously sprayed to the grinding surface to reduce the grinding temperature and surface burn, and further the quality of the machined surface is improved. Meanwhile, another problem occurs, namely the collection and treatment of the cooling liquid, and the used cooling liquid is mixed with abrasive dust and other residues to influence the reuse; the cooling liquid contains harmful substances such as sodium nitrite, and the like, and if the cooling liquid is not properly treated, the environment is polluted.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention provides a method and a device for laser-assisted grinding of an end face of a grinding wheel, which aim to solve the problems in the prior art. The invention adopts a method of laser-assisted grinding of the end face of a grinding wheel, and the main principle is that a laser beam spirally rotates at a high speed on the surface to be processed, the material to be processed is preheated, the material to be ground is rapidly heated and softened in a short time, and the Vickers hardness of the surface is reduced. The laser-assisted grinding of the end face of the grinding wheel preheats materials difficult to cut, so that the yield strength of the materials can be reduced, the abrasion of the grinding wheel in the machining process is reduced, the impact of the grinding wheel and a workpiece can be reduced, the quality of the machined surface is improved, the service life of the grinding wheel is prolonged, the surface burn is reduced, and the machining efficiency is improved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a laser-assisted grinding wheel end face dry grinding method is characterized in that a laser beam continuously emitted by a laser passes through a polarizer and is focused on a processing surface of a workpiece from the rotating center of an annular grinding wheel, and the surface of the workpiece is preheated through spiral rotation of the laser beam from inside to outside, so that the Vickers hardness of the surface of the workpiece is reduced to a numerical range suitable for dry grinding; meanwhile, the annular grinding wheel performs rotary motion and feed motion, and the burning on the surface of a workpiece and the abrasion of the grinding wheel are reduced under the condition of no cooling liquid.
Further, the laser beam continuously emitted by the laser is CO2The power of the laser is 50-400W, the diameter of a light spot is 2mm, the maximum rotary radius of the laser beam in spiral rotation is 35mm, the minimum rotary radius is 2.5mm, and the rotary speed is 1-40 r/s.
Further, the Vickers hardness of the surface of the workpiece is suitable for dry grinding in a value range of 120-180 HV.
The invention also provides a laser-assisted grinding wheel end face dry grinding device which comprises a machine base, a workbench, an annular grinding wheel, a laser, a polarizer and a focusing lens, wherein the workbench is arranged on the machine base and can do X, Y-direction two-dimensional motion on the machine base, the annular grinding wheel is rotatably and axially movably arranged on the machine base, a laser beam emitted by the laser passes through the polarizer and then spirally turns and enters the focusing lens, and the laser beam is focused by the focusing lens and then exits from the rotating center of the annular grinding wheel.
Further, the polarizer comprises an X polarization motor, a Y polarization motor, an X polarizer, a Y polarizer and a vibrating mirror mounting seat, the X polarization motor and the Y polarization motor are fixed in the vibrating mirror mounting seat, the X polarizer and the Y polarizer are correspondingly fixed on output shafts of the X polarization motor and the Y polarization motor, and an entrance port and an exit port are formed in the vibrating mirror mounting seat.
Furthermore, a support frame is fixed on the rear side of the base, and the laser and the galvanometer mounting seat are fixed on the support frame.
Furthermore, the support frame is provided with a main motor, a spindle box and a spindle, the spindle is rotatably connected in the spindle box, and the main motor drives the spindle to rotate in the spindle box.
Furthermore, the main shaft is a hollow stepped shaft, the annular grinding wheel is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main shaft through a flange plate, and a laser beam emitted by the laser passes through the main shaft and is emitted from the rotating center of the annular grinding wheel.
Furthermore, an electric screw rod elevator is fixedly connected to the support frame, the main motor and the spindle box are fixedly connected to the free end of the electric screw rod elevator, and the main motor drives the spindle to rotate in the spindle box through the linkage of the belt pulley and the belt.
Furthermore, the frame is equipped with the electronic lead screw of X axle and removes the machine with the electronic lead screw of Y axle, and the electronic lead screw of X axle removes the machine fixed connection and removes the free end at the electronic lead screw of Y axle, workstation fixed connection is at the free end of the electronic lead screw of X axle removes the machine.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention is suitable for materials which are difficult to cut, can prolong the service life of the grinding wheel, improve the grinding efficiency, reduce surface burn and improve the quality of the processed surface, adopts a non-contact method to preheat the surface to be processed, can obviously improve the grinding performance of a workpiece, improves the grinding efficiency and the quality of the processed surface and reduces the surface burn. The device has simple structure, simple and convenient establishment and easy operation, and can avoid the pollution of the cooling liquid to the environment by adopting a dry grinding method without the cooling liquid.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser-assisted grinding wheel end face dry grinding device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path system.
FIG. 3 is a comparison of grinding surface topography for direct dry grinding and laser assisted dry grinding.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention relates to a method for dry grinding of an end face of a grinding wheel by laser assistance, which is characterized in that laser beams continuously emitted by a laser pass through a polarizer and enter a focusing lens, the laser beams are focused by the focusing lens and then are emitted to a processing surface of a processed part from the rotating center of an annular grinding wheel, the polarizer enables the laser beams to spirally rotate from inside to outside, the surface of the processed part is preheated, and the Vickers hardness of the surface of the processed part is reduced to a numerical range suitable for dry grinding. Meanwhile, the annular grinding wheel performs rotary motion and feed motion, and the burning of the surface of a workpiece and the abrasion of the grinding wheel are reduced under the condition of no cooling liquid.
The laser beam continuously emitted by the laser is CO2The power of the laser is 50-400W, the diameter of a light spot is 2mm, the maximum rotary radius of the laser beam in spiral rotation is 35mm, the minimum rotary radius is 2.5mm, and the rotary speed is 1-40 r/s.
The Vickers hardness of the workpiece surface is suitable for dry grinding in the range of 120-180 HV.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the invention relates to a laser-assisted grinding wheel end face dry grinding device, which is suitable for grinding materials with hardness of more than 220 HV. The device comprises a machine base 1, a workbench 7, an annular grinding wheel 30, a laser 13, a polarizer and a focusing lens 38, wherein the workbench 7 is arranged on the machine base 1 and can do two-dimensional motion in the direction of X, Y on the machine base 1, the annular grinding wheel 30 is arranged on the machine base 1 in a rotatable and axially movable manner, a laser beam emitted by the laser 13 passes through the polarizer to make spiral rotation and enter the focusing lens 38, and is focused by the focusing lens 38 and then emitted from the rotating center of the annular grinding wheel 30.
The polarizer of the invention comprises an X polarization motor 33, a Y polarization motor 34, an X polarizer 36, a Y polarizer 37 and a vibrating mirror mounting seat 11, wherein the X polarization motor 33 and the Y polarization motor 34 are fixed in the vibrating mirror mounting seat 11, the X polarizer 36 and the Y polarizer 37 are correspondingly fixed on output shafts of the X polarization motor 33 and the Y polarization motor 34, an incident port and an exit port are arranged on the vibrating mirror mounting seat 11, a laser beam emitted by a laser 13 enters from the incident port, passes through the X polarizer 36 and the Y polarizer 37 and then exits from the exit port.
A support frame 22 is fixed on the rear side of the machine base 1, and the laser 13 and the galvanometer mounting base 11 are both fixed on the support frame 22.
In order to realize the rotation of the annular grinding wheel 30, a main motor 17, a spindle box 27 and a spindle 10 are arranged on the support frame 22, the spindle 10 is rotatably connected in the spindle box 27, and the main motor 17 drives the spindle 10 to rotate in the spindle box 27. The main shaft 10 is a hollow stepped shaft, and is provided with a circular through hole of phi 80mm for laser beams to pass through.
The ring grinding wheel 30 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main shaft 10 through a flange 31, and a laser beam emitted from the laser 13 passes through the main shaft 10 and is emitted from the rotation center of the ring grinding wheel 30.
In order to realize the feeding motion of the annular grinding wheel 30, an electric screw rod lifter is fixedly connected to the support frame 22, a main motor 17 and a main spindle box 27 are fixedly connected to the free end of the electric screw rod lifter, and the main motor 17 drives the main spindle 10 to rotate in the main spindle box 27 through the linkage of a belt pulley and a belt.
In order to facilitate the workbench 7 to perform X, Y-directional two-dimensional motion on the base 1, the base 1 is provided with an X-axis electric lead screw moving machine and a Y-axis electric lead screw moving machine, the X-axis electric lead screw moving machine is fixedly connected to the free end of the Y-axis electric lead screw moving machine, and the workbench 7 is fixedly connected to the free end of the X-axis electric lead screw moving machine.
The grinding method of the present invention is explained in detail below:
fixedly connecting a workpiece 8 to be machined on a workbench 7, starting an X-axis electric lead screw moving machine and a Y-axis electric lead screw moving machine to move the X-axis electric lead screw moving machine and the Y-axis electric lead screw moving machine at the speed of 0.01m/s, moving a region to be machined of the workbench 7 to be right below an annular grinding wheel, and simultaneously starting an electric lead screw lifter to move the annular grinding wheel downwards at the speed of 0.01mm/s until the grinding wheel contacts the surface of a bedplate.
Start-up of CO2Laser, X polarization electricityA machine 33 and a Y polarization motor 34 for continuously feeding 80W of CO through a focusing lens 382The laser is focused on the surface of the workpiece 8 to be processed, and the surface of the workpiece 8 to be processed is preheated for 1s, so that the hardness of the surface is reduced.
After the preheating process is finished, the main motor 17 is started, the annular grinding wheel 30 starts to grind the preheated surface in the workpiece 8 at the rotating speed of 970r/min, and meanwhile, the electric lead screw lifter is started and drives the annular grinding wheel to move downwards by 1.5mm at the speed of 0.01 mm/s.
Starting the Y-axis electric lead screw moving machine, moving the workbench 7 from left to right at the speed of 0.01m/s, carrying out dry grinding on the surface of the workpiece 8, and after finishing one working stroke, moving the X-axis electric lead screw moving machine and the workbench 7 backwards at the speed of 0.01 m/s; and repeating the steps until the dry grinding of the whole workpiece surface is completed.
The following table shows the process parameters for laser assisted dry grinding of typical difficult-to-cut materials:
the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of this invention and it should be noted that modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention and these modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for dry grinding of an end face of a grinding wheel by laser assistance is characterized in that: comprises a device for assisting the dry grinding of the end face of a grinding wheel by laser,
laser beams continuously emitted by a laser pass through a polarizer and are focused on a processing surface of a processing piece from the rotating center of an annular grinding wheel, the surface of the processing piece is preheated through spiral rotation of the laser beams from inside to outside, so that the Vickers hardness of the surface of the processing piece is reduced, and meanwhile, the annular grinding wheel performs rotating motion and feeding motion;
the laser beam continuously emitted by the laser is CO2The laser power is 50-400W, the spot diameter is 2mm, and the laser beam is the most spirally rotatedThe large turning radius is 35mm, the minimum turning radius is 2.5mm, and the turning speed is 1-40 r/s;
preheating the surface of the workpiece by the laser beam to reduce the Vickers hardness of the surface of the workpiece to 120-180 HV;
the device comprises a machine base (1), a workbench (7), an annular grinding wheel (30), a laser (13), a focusing lens (38) and a polarizer, wherein the workbench (7) is arranged on the machine base (1) and can do X, Y-direction two-dimensional motion on the machine base (1), the annular grinding wheel (30) is rotatably and axially movably arranged on the machine base (1), a laser beam emitted by the laser (13) passes through the polarizer to make spiral rotation and enter the focusing lens (38), and is focused by the focusing lens (38) and then emitted from the rotating center of the annular grinding wheel (30);
the laser (13) is polarized by an X polarizer (36) and a Y polarizer (37) which rotate in the polarizer and then turns spirally;
a support frame (22) is fixed on the rear side of the machine base (1), a galvanometer mounting seat (11) is fixedly connected to the support frame (22), an X polarization motor (33) and a Y polarization motor (34) are fixedly connected to the galvanometer mounting seat (11), rotating shafts of the X polarization motor (33) and the Y polarization motor (34) are correspondingly and fixedly connected with an X polarizer (36) and a Y polarizer (37), and the laser (13) is fixed on the support frame (22);
the supporting frame (22) is provided with a main motor (17), a spindle box (27) and a spindle (10), the spindle (10) is rotatably connected in the spindle box (27), and the main motor (17) drives the spindle (10) to rotate in the spindle box (27);
the main shaft (10) is a hollow stepped shaft, the annular grinding wheel (30) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main shaft (10) through a flange plate (31), and a laser beam emitted by the laser (13) passes through the main shaft (10) and is emitted from the rotating center of the annular grinding wheel (30);
an electric lead screw lifter is fixedly connected to the support frame (22), the main motor (17) and the spindle box (27) are fixedly connected to the free end of the electric lead screw lifter, and the main motor (17) drives the spindle (10) to rotate in the spindle box (27) through the linkage of a belt pulley and a belt;
the machine base (1) is provided with an X-axis electric lead screw moving machine and a Y-axis electric lead screw moving machine, the X-axis electric lead screw moving machine is fixedly connected to the free end of the Y-axis electric lead screw moving machine, and the workbench (7) is fixedly connected to the free end of the X-axis electric lead screw moving machine.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911072855.4A CN110757274B (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Method and device for laser-assisted grinding of end face of grinding wheel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911072855.4A CN110757274B (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Method and device for laser-assisted grinding of end face of grinding wheel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110757274A CN110757274A (en) | 2020-02-07 |
| CN110757274B true CN110757274B (en) | 2022-05-27 |
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| CN201911072855.4A Active CN110757274B (en) | 2019-11-05 | 2019-11-05 | Method and device for laser-assisted grinding of end face of grinding wheel |
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| CN114473216A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-05-13 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Laser grinding device and grinding method, ceramic part and shell assembly |
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| CN107309546A (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-11-03 | 中山汉通激光设备有限公司 | A kind of galvanometer laser stitch welding equipment |
| CN109454325A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-03-12 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of laser assisted cuts the device and its technique of the transparent hard brittle material of grinding |
| CN109676442A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-26 | 长春理工大学 | Laser assisted soaks polishing fluid polishing processing device and its application method |
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2019
- 2019-11-05 CN CN201911072855.4A patent/CN110757274B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
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| CN101190503A (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-06-04 | 湖南大学 | Method for finishing resin binding agent diamond abrasive wheel by combining laser and machinery |
| CN101143429A (en) * | 2007-10-24 | 2008-03-19 | 上海水产大学 | Method for trimming laser auxiliary mechanical diamond grinding wheel based on fiber-optical laser |
| CN201863095U (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2011-06-15 | 桂林桂北机器有限责任公司 | Carriage movable type three axes numerical control special grinding machine |
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Effective date of registration: 20240426 Address after: 230000 B-1015, wo Yuan Garden, 81 Ganquan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, Anhui. Patentee after: HEFEI MINGLONG ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 226019 Jiangsu city of Nantong province sik Road No. 9 Patentee before: NANTONG University Country or region before: China |