CN110756830A - Intelligent high-speed motorized spindle integrating multi-parameter detection - Google Patents
Intelligent high-speed motorized spindle integrating multi-parameter detection Download PDFInfo
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- CN110756830A CN110756830A CN201911121944.3A CN201911121944A CN110756830A CN 110756830 A CN110756830 A CN 110756830A CN 201911121944 A CN201911121944 A CN 201911121944A CN 110756830 A CN110756830 A CN 110756830A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent high-speed electric spindle integrating multi-parameter detection, which comprises a rotating shaft arranged in a shell, a stator fixed on the inner wall of the shell and a rotor arranged on the rotating shaft, wherein the stator is matched with the rotor to realize the rotation of the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is supported by a front bearing and a rear bearing which are arranged at the two ends of the rotating shaft; the front bearing is arranged in a front bearing seat, and the front bearing seat is arranged at the front end of the shell; the rear bearing is arranged in a rear bearing seat which is arranged at the rear end of the shell; the electric spindle can detect the dynamic running state parameters of the electric spindle in the actual running process in real time through a first eddy current sensing unit of a built-in temperature sensing unit; the pre-tightening force of the electric spindle is adjusted on line through the built-in pre-tightening force on-line adjusting device, so that the use requirements of high-speed low temperature rise and low-speed high rigidity of the electric spindle on the premise of ensuring the machining precision can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an intelligent high-speed motorized spindle integrating multi-parameter detection.
Background
In the aspects of structural design and testing technology of electric spindle products, only leading enterprises hold the technology abroad, and the technology is a confidential technology for obtaining competitive advantages of high-end markets. The design and manufacture of domestic electric spindles mostly refer to the design of domestic and foreign electric spindles, and the technical innovation and industrial development of domestic electric spindles are restricted to a greater extent. The existing electric main shaft in China mostly adopts built-in asynchronous motor to drive through frequency conversion, and the ubiquitous shortcoming is that: firstly, the running state parameter detection sensor of the domestic existing electric spindle is single, the integration degree is not high, and the running state parameter intelligent regulation and optimization function is not available; secondly, the running state parameters of the domestic existing electric spindle cannot be dynamically detected and data analyzed, and a better corresponding relation among workpieces, processes and running parameters cannot be established; thirdly, the existing electric main shaft in China has no method for intelligently controlling the operation parameters of the electric main shaft, the bearing pretightening force of the existing electric main shaft is constant, and the method for dynamically adjusting the operation speed, the bearing load and the rigidity of the main shaft is not available; fourthly, the heat compensation quantity of the domestic electric spindle in the actual processing process can not be intelligently regulated and controlled according to the actual processing process. The above disadvantages cause that the research and optimization of the dynamic performance of the high-speed electric spindle lack experimental foundation, and the machining precision of the high-speed electric spindle cannot be ensured or further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent high-speed motorized spindle integrating multi-parameter detection, and aims to solve the problems that an existing motorized spindle is single in running state parameter detection sensor, low in integration degree and incapable of adjusting bearing pretightening force according to running parameters.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an intelligent high-speed electric spindle integrating multi-parameter detection, which comprises a rotating shaft arranged in a shell, a stator fixed on the inner wall of the shell and a rotor arranged on the rotating shaft, wherein the stator is matched with the rotor to realize the rotation of the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is supported by a front bearing and a rear bearing which are arranged at the two ends of the rotating shaft; the front bearing is arranged in a front bearing seat, and the front bearing seat is arranged at the front end of the shell; the rear bearing is arranged in a rear bearing seat, and the rear bearing seat is arranged at the rear end of the shell; a temperature sensing unit for acquiring the temperature rise characteristics of the stator, the front bearing and the rear bearing and a first eddy current sensing unit for acquiring the rotation characteristic of the rotor are arranged in the shell; the rear end of the shell is provided with a pretightening force online adjusting device, the temperature sensing unit and the first eddy current sensing unit are respectively electrically connected with the input end of the controller, and the controller intelligently regulates and controls the pretightening force online adjusting device to adjust and pretighten the front bearing and the rear bearing according to the collected temperature rise characteristic and the rotation characteristic of the rotating shaft.
Further, the temperature sensing unit comprises a third temperature sensor mounted on the front bearing seat and contacting with the outer ring of the front bearing, a first temperature sensor mounted on the rear bearing seat and contacting with the outer ring of the rear bearing, and a second temperature sensor mounted on the housing and contacting with the stator.
Furthermore, the front bearing seat and the first temperature sensor and the rear bearing seat and the third temperature sensor are in threaded connection; high-temperature glue is coated on the threads between the front bearing seat and the third temperature sensor and between the rear bearing seat and the first temperature sensor.
Further, the first eddy current sensing unit comprises a first eddy current sensor group installed between the rotor and the rear bearing seat and a second eddy current sensor group installed between the rotor and the front bearing seat; the first eddy current sensor group comprises a first eddy current sensor and a second eddy current sensor which are in the same plane and are perpendicular to each other, the first eddy current sensor is used for measuring the vibration displacement of an X axis of a rotating shaft in rotation, the second eddy current sensor is used for measuring the vibration displacement of a Y axis of the rotating shaft in rotation, the second eddy current sensor group comprises a third eddy current sensor and a fourth eddy current sensor which are in the same plane and are perpendicular to each other, the third eddy current sensor is used for measuring the vibration displacement of the X axis of the rotating shaft in rotation, and the fourth eddy current sensor is used for measuring the vibration displacement of the Y axis of the rotating shaft in rotation.
Furthermore, the output end of the rotating shaft is provided with a second eddy current sensing unit for acquiring the output characteristics of the rotor, and the second eddy current sensing unit comprises a fifth eddy current sensor arranged on the front end cover of the output end of the rotating shaft.
Furthermore, a rear end cover is installed at the rear end of the shell, and an annular installation platform which is integrally formed with the inner side wall of the shell is arranged between the rear shaft seat and the stator; the front bearing and the rear bearing simultaneously realize pressure regulation and pre-tightening through a pre-tightening force online adjusting device; the pre-tightening force online adjusting device comprises a spring arranged between the annular mounting table and the rear bearing seat, piezoelectric ceramics arranged on the rear end cover, and a U-shaped support transversely arranged on one side of the rear bearing seat far away from the rotor, wherein two horizontal sections of the U-shaped support are respectively fixedly connected with the rear bearing seat, and one surface of a vertical section of the U-shaped support facing the rear end cover is provided with a miniature pressure sensor matched with the piezoelectric ceramics; the one end that the front bearing faced the rotor is equipped with the first step that is used for pinning the front bearing, the one end that the rear bearing faced the rotor is equipped with the second step that is used for pinning the rear bearing.
Further, a speed sensor for acquiring the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is also mounted on the rear bearing seat.
Furthermore, a first circulating water jacket is arranged between the front bearing seat and the shell, and a second circulating water jacket is arranged between the stator and the shell; one end, facing the rotor, of the first circulating water jacket is provided with a third step extending towards the direction of the rotating shaft, one end, far away from the rotor, of the first circulating water jacket is provided with a fourth step extending towards the direction of the shell, the rear end face of the front bearing seat is abutted against the third step, and the front end face of the shell is abutted against the fourth step.
Furthermore, a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole which radially penetrate through the annular mounting table and are matched with the first eddy current sensor and the second eddy current sensor respectively are formed in the annular mounting table; the first eddy current sensor is installed in the first installation hole, the second eddy current sensor is installed in the second installation hole, and the probe end face of the first eddy current sensor and the probe end face of the second eddy current sensor are both arranged with the facing rotating shaft.
Furthermore, a third mounting hole and a fourth mounting hole which are matched with a third eddy current sensor and a fourth eddy current sensor are formed in the shell, a fifth mounting hole and a sixth mounting hole which are matched with the third eddy current sensor and the fourth eddy current sensor are formed in the first circulating water jacket, and a detection end of the third eddy current sensor penetrates through the third mounting hole and the fifth mounting hole and is arranged facing the rotating shaft; and the detection end of the fourth eddy current sensor penetrates through the fourth mounting hole and the sixth mounting hole and is arranged facing the rotating shaft.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the electric spindle can detect dynamic running state parameters of the electric spindle in the actual running process in real time by internally arranging the temperature sensing unit and the first eddy current sensing unit in the electric spindle; the bearing pretightening force is adjusted according to the detected dynamic running state parameters through the built-in pretightening force online adjusting device, so that the rigidity required by the processing requirement is ensured, the temperature rise of the electric spindle is reduced as much as possible, the online intelligent adjustment of the pretightening force of the electric spindle is taken as an optimization means, the dynamic performance and the processing precision of the electric spindle are improved, and the use requirements of high-speed low-temperature rise and low-speed high-rigidity of the electric spindle on the premise of ensuring the processing precision can be met; the thermal expansion amount of the output end of the rotor is monitored in real time through a built-in second eddy current sensing unit, and the machining precision of the electric spindle can be effectively improved by combining a thermal compensation strategy of a numerical control machine; the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is measured through a built-in speed sensor, the acceleration of the rotating speed can be calculated through real-time monitoring, fitting and derivation of the rotating speed, and the acceleration is multiplied by the rotational inertia of the rotor, so that the mechanical friction torque of the electric spindle can be accurately measured; the closed-loop control realized on the basis of the speed sensor can effectively improve the load resistance of the electric spindle and reduce the electromagnetic loss caused by the difference of the rotating speeds.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sensor layout in one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of online intelligent adjustment of bearing preload.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the intelligent thermal compensation principle of the numerical control machine tool based on direct measurement of the thermal expansion amount.
Wherein, 1, a front bearing seat; 2. a first circulating water jacket; 3. a second circulating water jacket; 4. a stator; 5. a rotor; 6. a dynamic balance ring; 7. a housing; 8. a spring; 9. a rear bearing seat; 10. an axial ball race; 11. a U-shaped bracket; 12. a rear end cap; 13. piezoelectric ceramics; 14. a miniature pressure sensor; 15. a gear; 16. a speed sensor; 17. a first temperature sensor; 18. a rear bearing; 19. a first set of eddy current sensors; 20. a second temperature sensor; 21. a rotating shaft; 22. a second set of eddy current sensors; 23. a third temperature sensor; 24. a front bearing; 25. and a fifth eddy current sensor.
Detailed Description
The intelligent high-speed electric spindle integrating multi-parameter detection comprises a rotating shaft 21 arranged in a shell 7, a stator 4 fixed on the inner wall of the shell 7 and a rotor 5 arranged on the rotating shaft 21, wherein the stator 4 is matched with the rotor 5 to realize rotation of the rotating shaft 21, dynamic balance rings 6 are arranged on two sides of the rotor 5, and the dynamic balance rings 6 are pressed on the rotating shaft 21 and tightly attached to two sides of an iron core of the rotor 5 to calibrate the dynamic balance function; the rotary shaft 21 is supported by a front bearing 24 and a rear bearing 18 installed at both ends thereof; the front bearing 24 is arranged in the front bearing seat 1, and the front bearing seat 1 is arranged at the front end of the shell 7; the rear bearing 18 is arranged in the rear bearing seat 9, and the rear bearing seat 9 is arranged at the rear end of the shell 7; a rear end cover 12 is further mounted at the rear end of the shell 7, and an annular mounting table which is integrally formed with the inner side wall of the shell 7 is arranged between the rear shaft seat and the stator 4.
A temperature sensing unit for acquiring the temperature rise characteristics of the stator 4, the front bearing 24 and the rear bearing 18 and a first eddy current sensing unit for acquiring the rotation characteristics of the rotor 5 are arranged in the shell 7; the rear end of the shell 7 is provided with a pretightening force online adjusting device, the temperature sensing unit and the first eddy current sensing unit are respectively electrically connected with the input end of the controller, and the controller intelligently regulates and controls the pretightening force online adjusting device to adjust and pretighten the front bearing 24 and the rear bearing 18 according to the collected temperature rise characteristic and rotation characteristic of the rotating shaft 21 and a control strategy.
The electric spindle can detect dynamic running state parameters of the electric spindle in the actual running process in real time by embedding the first eddy current sensing unit of the temperature sensing unit into the electric spindle; the electric spindle has a pretightening force online adjusting function, can adjust parameters according to a detected dynamic running state through a built-in pretightening force online adjusting device so as to ensure the rigidity required by processing requirements and reduce the temperature rise of the electric spindle as much as possible, improves the dynamic performance and the processing precision of the electric spindle by taking online intelligent adjustment of the pretightening force of the electric spindle as an optimizing means, and can meet the use requirements of high-speed low-temperature rise and low-speed high-rigidity on the premise of ensuring the processing precision of the electric spindle.
The temperature sensing unit comprises a third temperature sensor 23 mounted on the front bearing block 1 and in contact with the outer ring of the front bearing 24, a first temperature sensor 17 mounted on the rear bearing block 9 and in contact with the outer ring of the rear bearing 18, and a second temperature sensor 20 mounted on the housing 7 and in contact with the stator 4. In order to improve the convenience and stability of disassembly and assembly, the front bearing seat 1 and the first temperature sensor 17 and the rear bearing seat 9 and the third temperature sensor 23 can be connected by threads; in addition, in order to prevent the temperature sensor inside the electric spindle from loosening due to the vibration of the spindle, the screw threads between the front bearing block 1 and the third temperature sensor 23 and the screw threads between the rear bearing block 9 and the first temperature sensor 17 can be reinforced by coating high-temperature glue on the screw threads. Wherein, temperature sensor 20 can adopt PT100 to combine the mode of changer, and its temperature measurement range is 0 ~ 300 ℃, and of course the skilled person can also select to use other temperature sensors in combination with actual conditions.
The first eddy current sensing unit comprises a first eddy current sensor group 19 arranged between the rotor 5 and the rear bearing seat 9 and a second eddy current sensor group 22 arranged between the rotor 5 and the front bearing seat 1; as shown in fig. 2, the first eddy current sensor group 19 includes a first eddy current sensor and a second eddy current sensor which are in the same plane and perpendicular to each other, the first eddy current sensor is configured to measure the vibration displacement of the rotation shaft 21 in the X axis of rotation, the second eddy current sensor is configured to measure the vibration displacement of the rotation shaft 21 in the Y axis of rotation, the second eddy current sensor group 22 includes a third eddy current sensor and a fourth eddy current sensor which are in the same plane and perpendicular to each other, the third eddy current sensor is configured to measure the vibration displacement of the rotation shaft 21 in the X axis of rotation, and the fourth eddy current sensor is configured to measure the vibration displacement of the rotation shaft 21 in the Y axis of rotation.
By collecting displacement data from 2 eddy current sensors (X1+ Y1 or X2+ Y2) vertically spaced in the same plane, the vibration displacement and the axial inclination of the X-axis and the Y-axis during rotation of the rotating shaft 21 are measured and different angular positions are displayed. By arranging the eddy current sensor in the electric spindle, on one hand, the rotation characteristic of the electric spindle in the actual cutting process (namely under a load condition) can be favorably monitored in real time, and the monitoring process is not influenced by a cutting environment; on the other hand, the rotation characteristic of the rotor 5 in the electric spindle can be measured, and experimental conditions are provided for research on modal analysis of the electric spindle, dynamic bearing rigidity of a bearing and the like.
The specific installation structure of the first eddy current sensor, the second eddy current sensor, the third eddy current sensor and the fourth eddy current sensor is as follows: the annular mounting table is provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole which radially penetrate through the annular mounting table and are matched with the first eddy current sensor and the second eddy current sensor respectively; the first eddy current sensor is arranged in the first mounting hole, the second eddy current sensor is arranged in the second mounting hole, and the probe end face of the first eddy current sensor and the probe end face of the second eddy current sensor are both arranged with the facing rotating shaft 21; a third mounting hole and a fourth mounting hole which are matched with a third eddy current sensor and a fourth eddy current sensor are formed in the shell 7, a fifth mounting hole and a sixth mounting hole which are matched with the third eddy current sensor and the fourth eddy current sensor are formed in the first circulating water jacket 2, and a detection end of the third eddy current sensor penetrates through the third mounting hole and the fifth mounting hole and is arranged in a manner of facing the rotating shaft 21; the detection end of the fourth eddy current sensor passes through the fourth mounting hole and the sixth mounting hole and is arranged facing the rotating shaft 21.
The output end of the rotating shaft 21 is provided with a second eddy current sensing unit for acquiring the output characteristics of the rotor 5, and the second eddy current sensing unit comprises a fifth eddy current sensor 25Z1 mounted on the front end cover of the output end of the rotating shaft 21. By mounting the fifth eddy current sensor on the front end cover of the output end of the rotating shaft 21, the axial vibration quantity and the thermal expansion quantity of the rotating shaft 21 can be measured and obtained without affecting the actual processing and use of the electric spindle, and the measured axial thermal expansion quantity is closer to the thermal expansion quantity of the tool nose. Therefore, the fifth eddy current sensor 25Z1 is used for monitoring the axial thermal expansion amount of the electric spindle in the actual machining process in real time, and the machining precision of the electric spindle can be effectively improved by combining a thermal compensation strategy of a numerical control machine tool. The diagram of the intelligent thermal compensation principle of the numerical control machine tool based on the direct measurement of the thermal expansion amount is shown in figure 4.
The front bearing 24 and the rear bearing 18 realize pressure regulation and pre-tightening through a pre-tightening force online adjusting device at the same time; the pre-tightening force online adjusting device comprises a spring 8 arranged between the annular mounting table and the rear bearing seat 9, piezoelectric ceramics 13 arranged on a rear end cover 12, and a U-shaped support 11 transversely arranged on one side of the rear bearing seat 9 far away from the rotor 5, wherein two horizontal sections of the U-shaped support 11 are respectively fixedly connected with the rear bearing seat 9, and one surface of a vertical section of the U-shaped support 11 facing the rear end cover 12 is provided with a miniature pressure sensor 14 matched with the piezoelectric ceramics 13; a first step for locking the front bearing 24 is arranged at one end of the front bearing 24 facing the rotor 5, and a second step for locking the rear bearing 18 is arranged at one end of the rear bearing 18 facing the rotor 5. The expansion amount of the piezoelectric ceramic 13 can be controlled by regulating and controlling the power supply voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic 13 through the piezoelectric ceramic 13 driving power supply, so that the thrust F of the piezoelectric ceramic 13 to the rear bearing seat 9 is regulated and controlled1The thrust force value is measured by a miniature pressure sensor 14. Pretightening force F of bearing2Equal to the constant pre-tension F provided by the compression spring 80Minus the thrust F provided by the piezoelectric ceramic 131As shown in formula (1).
F2＝F0-F1(1)
The selected piezoelectric ceramics 13 are of a packaging type, are convenient to install and are not easy to damageThe packaged piezoelectric ceramics 13 can be installed on the rear end cover 12 through threaded connection. The miniature pressure sensor 14 is characterized by small volume and is suitable for measuring force in various small spaces. Constant pre-tightening force F of compression spring 80Measured by a compression spring machine prior to installation.
The rear bearing block 9 is also provided with a speed sensor 16 for acquiring the rotating speed of the rotating shaft 21; the gear 15 is installed at the rear end of the rotating shaft 21, the speed sensor 16 can adopt a magnetic grid speed sensor, and the speed N of the rotating shaft 21 is equal to the number of pulses N captured by the speed sensor 16 divided by the number of teeth Z of the gear 15, the frequency multiplication T of the speed sensor 16 and the sampling time T, as shown in formula (2). The miniature magnetic induction speed sensor is mainly characterized in that: the volume is small, the intelligent structure is realized, and the electric spindle is convenient to install inside the electric spindle; the output bandwidth can reach 1 million, and the device can be used for rotating speed measurement and closed-loop control of the electric spindle under the high-speed condition; the IP68 has high protection performance and is suitable for the severe environment formed by oil-gas lubrication in the motorized spindle; high precision, can realize the repeated positioning precision of the electric main shaft within +/-4 angular seconds. In practical use, the magnetic induction type speed sensor 16 has high requirement on the power supply voltage, and the unstable power supply voltage is easy to damage the speed sensor 16, so that a linear direct current stabilized power supply and a voltage stabilizing diode are connected in parallel to provide a stable power supply for the speed sensor 16. The free deceleration process of the high-speed electric spindle is measured by using the built-in magnetic induction type speed sensor 16 of the electric spindle, and the mechanical friction torque M of the high-speed electric spindle can be indirectly measured by using the formula (3).
Where w is the angular velocity of electric spindle rotor 5 and J is the moment of inertia of electric spindle rotor 5.
The pre-tightening force on-line adjusting device measures the temperature of an electric main shaft bearing in real time through the built-in temperature sensor, measures the vibration displacement of the electric main shaft rotor 5 in real time through the 5 eddy current sensors, inputs an acquired signal into the controller, and intelligently regulates and controls the thrust of the piezoelectric ceramic 13 in the pre-tightening force on-line adjusting device to the rear bearing seat 9 according to a control strategy by the controller, so that the pre-tightening force of the bearing is adjusted, and finally the use requirements of high-speed low-temperature rise and low-speed high rigidity of the electric main shaft are met on the premise of ensuring the machining precision. An online intelligent adjustment schematic diagram of the bearing pretightening force is shown in fig. 3.
In the application, the outer surface of the shell 7 is designed to be smooth and cylindrical, and is easy to fix on a workbench; the rotating shaft 21 is supported by two pairs of precision hybrid ceramic ball bearings and is mounted back to back (QBC configuration) in series. The bearing is lubricated and cooled by adopting an oil-gas lubrication mode, and a lubricating oil path and a waste oil recovery oil path are required to be designed in the electric main shaft. The motor stator 4 and the front bearing 24 are cooled by circulating water, a first circulating water jacket 2 is arranged between the front bearing block 1 and the shell 7, and a second circulating water jacket 3 is arranged between the stator 4 and the shell 7; one end, facing the rotor 5, of the first circulating water jacket 2 is provided with a third step extending towards the direction of the rotating shaft 21, one end, far away from the rotor 5, of the first circulating water jacket 2 is provided with a fourth step extending towards the direction of the shell 7, the rear end face of the front bearing seat 1 is abutted with the third step, and the front end face of the shell 7 is abutted with the fourth step. An axial ball race 10 is mounted between the housing 7 and the rear bearing block 9 to reduce the resistance to axial movement of the bearing block 9.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent high-speed electric spindle integrating multi-parameter detection is characterized by comprising a rotating shaft arranged in a shell, a stator fixed on the inner wall of the shell and a rotor arranged on the rotating shaft, wherein the stator and the rotor are matched to realize the rotation of the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is supported by a front bearing and a rear bearing which are arranged at the two ends of the rotating shaft; the front bearing is arranged in a front bearing seat, and the front bearing seat is arranged at the front end of the shell; the rear bearing is arranged in a rear bearing seat, and the rear bearing seat is arranged at the rear end of the shell; a temperature sensing unit for acquiring the temperature rise characteristics of the stator, the front bearing and the rear bearing and a first eddy current sensing unit for acquiring the rotation characteristic of the rotor are arranged in the shell; the rear end of the shell is provided with a pretightening force online adjusting device, the temperature sensing unit and the first eddy current sensing unit are respectively electrically connected with the input end of the controller, and the controller intelligently regulates and controls the pretightening force online adjusting device to adjust and pretighten the front bearing and the rear bearing according to the collected temperature rise characteristic and the rotation characteristic of the rotating shaft.
2. The intelligent high-speed electric spindle integrating multi-parameter detection according to claim 1, wherein the temperature sensing unit comprises a third temperature sensor mounted on the front bearing seat and contacting with an outer ring of the front bearing, a first temperature sensor mounted on the rear bearing seat and contacting with an outer ring of the rear bearing, and a second temperature sensor mounted on the housing and contacting with the stator.
3. The intelligent high-speed electric spindle integrating multi-parameter detection according to claim 2, wherein the front bearing seat and the first temperature sensor and the rear bearing seat and the third temperature sensor are in threaded connection; high-temperature glue is coated on the threads between the front bearing seat and the third temperature sensor and between the rear bearing seat and the first temperature sensor.
4. The intelligent high-speed motorized spindle with integrated multiparameter detection according to claim 1, wherein the first eddy current sensor unit comprises a first eddy current sensor group installed between the rotor and the rear bearing block and a second eddy current sensor group installed between the rotor and the front bearing block; the first eddy current sensor group comprises a first eddy current sensor and a second eddy current sensor which are in the same plane and are perpendicular to each other, the first eddy current sensor is used for measuring the vibration displacement of an X axis of a rotating shaft in rotation, the second eddy current sensor is used for measuring the vibration displacement of a Y axis of the rotating shaft in rotation, the second eddy current sensor group comprises a third eddy current sensor and a fourth eddy current sensor which are in the same plane and are perpendicular to each other, the third eddy current sensor is used for measuring the vibration displacement of the X axis of the rotating shaft in rotation, and the fourth eddy current sensor is used for measuring the vibration displacement of the Y axis of the rotating shaft in rotation.
5. The intelligent high-speed electric spindle integrating multi-parameter detection according to claim 1, wherein the output end of the rotating shaft is provided with a second eddy current sensing unit for acquiring the output characteristics of the rotor, and the second eddy current sensing unit comprises a fifth eddy current sensor mounted on a front end cover of the output end of the rotating shaft.
6. The intelligent high-speed motorized spindle integrating multi-parameter detection according to claim 1, wherein a rear end cover is installed at the rear end of the housing, and an annular installation table integrally formed with the inner side wall of the housing is arranged between the rear shaft seat and the stator; the pre-tightening force online adjusting device comprises a spring arranged between the annular mounting table and the rear bearing seat, piezoelectric ceramics arranged on the rear end cover and a U-shaped support transversely arranged on one side of the rear bearing seat far away from the rotor, two horizontal sections of the U-shaped support are respectively and fixedly connected with the rear bearing seat, and one surface of a vertical section of the U-shaped support facing the rear end cover is provided with a miniature pressure sensor matched with the piezoelectric ceramics; the one end that the front bearing faced the rotor is equipped with the first step that is used for pinning the front bearing, the one end that the rear bearing faced the rotor is equipped with the second step that is used for pinning the rear bearing.
7. The intelligent high-speed electric spindle integrating multi-parameter detection according to claim 1, wherein a speed sensor for acquiring the rotating speed of a rotating shaft is further mounted on the rear bearing seat.
8. The intelligent high-speed motorized spindle integrating multi-parameter detection according to claim 1, wherein a first circulating water jacket is installed between the front bearing block and the housing, and a second circulating water jacket is installed between the stator and the housing; one end, facing the rotor, of the first circulating water jacket is provided with a third step extending towards the direction of the rotating shaft, one end, far away from the rotor, of the first circulating water jacket is provided with a fourth step extending towards the direction of the shell, the rear end face of the front bearing seat is abutted against the third step, and the front end face of the shell is abutted against the fourth step.
9. The intelligent high-speed motorized spindle integrating multiparameter detection according to claim 6, wherein the annular mounting table is provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole which radially penetrate through the annular mounting table and are matched with the first eddy current sensor and the second eddy current sensor respectively; the first eddy current sensor is installed in the first installation hole, the second eddy current sensor is installed in the second installation hole, and the probe end face of the first eddy current sensor and the probe end face of the second eddy current sensor are both arranged with the facing rotating shaft.
10. The intelligent high-speed motorized spindle integrating multi-parameter detection according to claim 8, wherein a third mounting hole and a fourth mounting hole matched with a third eddy current sensor and a fourth eddy current sensor are formed in the housing, a fifth mounting hole and a sixth mounting hole matched with the third eddy current sensor and the fourth eddy current sensor are formed in the first circulating water jacket, and a detection end of the third eddy current sensor is arranged to face the rotating shaft through the third mounting hole and the fifth mounting hole; and the detection end of the fourth eddy current sensor penetrates through the fourth mounting hole and the sixth mounting hole and is arranged facing the rotating shaft.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111273605A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-12 | 上海交通大学 | Intelligent electric spindle system of numerical control machine tool |
| CN112658294A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-16 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Electric spindle structure and electric spindle |
| CN113369507A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-09-10 | 重庆工商大学 | High-speed high-precision electric spindle integrating three-dimensional vibration active control function |
| CN113659759A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-16 | 天津飞旋科技股份有限公司 | Electric machine |
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| CN115263936A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-01 | 北京力信德华科技有限公司 | Moment overload protection device with control function |
| CN115622478A (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-01-17 | 天津飞旋科技股份有限公司 | Method for controlling pre-tightening force of motor bearing |
| CN116787102A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-09-22 | 莱克电气股份有限公司 | Bearing press-fitting device for washing machine motor |
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| CN111273605B (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2022-01-04 | 上海交通大学 | Intelligent electric spindle system of numerical control machine tool |
| CN111273605A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-06-12 | 上海交通大学 | Intelligent electric spindle system of numerical control machine tool |
| CN112658294B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2023-12-22 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Electric spindle structure and electric spindle |
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| CN113659759A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-11-16 | 天津飞旋科技股份有限公司 | Electric machine |
| CN113659759B (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2022-11-04 | 天津飞旋科技股份有限公司 | Electric machine |
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| CN115263936A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-01 | 北京力信德华科技有限公司 | Moment overload protection device with control function |
| CN115622478B (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-02-24 | 天津飞旋科技股份有限公司 | Method for controlling pre-tightening force of motor bearing |
| CN115622478A (en) * | 2022-12-20 | 2023-01-17 | 天津飞旋科技股份有限公司 | Method for controlling pre-tightening force of motor bearing |
| CN116787102A (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-09-22 | 莱克电气股份有限公司 | Bearing press-fitting device for washing machine motor |
| CN116787102B (en) * | 2023-08-25 | 2023-12-15 | 莱克电气股份有限公司 | Bearing press-fitting device for washing machine motor |
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